定語從句關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞的用法

定語從句

關(guān)系代詞

關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞

起連詞作用，本身又作從句中的主語、賓語、表語或定語

即起連接作用，本身又在從句中作時間、地點或原因狀語who,whom(…的人）whose(某人的…）which(…東西，指物)that(…的人或物，指物或人）as(象…那樣的，和…相同，正如)when(…的時候，修飾的時間名詞)where(…的地方修飾場所、方位等名詞)why(…原因；…理由)2021/5/92定語從句例句解析：關(guān)系代詞

請看下面例句：(1)Thegirlwho/thatisstandingthereisMary.(who,that指人，在從句中作主語）

(2)Theman(whom/who/that)

mymothersawinthestreetismyteacher.(whom,who,that指人，在從句中作賓語，也可省略)2021/5/93(3)Thebookwhich/thattellsusabouttheearthisinteresting.(which,that指物，在從句中作主語,不可省略)(4)Thebuilding(which/that)hereferredto

isbeautiful.(which,that指物，在從句中作賓語，可省略）2021/5/94(5)Shelivesinahousewhosewindowsfacesouth.(whose指物，在從句中作windows的定語）(6)ThecompanywillemployapersonwhoseEnglishisgood.(whose在從句中指人，作定語)Whose即可指人，也可指物，是所有格，在從句中作定語，指物時可與ofwhich互換。2021/5/95關(guān)系副詞(7)I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.(when指時間，在從句中做時間狀語)(8)Iwon’tforgetthefactorywheremyfatherworked.(where指地點，在從句中作地點狀語)(9)Tellmethereasonwhyyoucamelate.(why表示原因，在從句中作原因狀語)2021/5/96(1)that指物時一般可以與which互換，但在下列情況中一般不可以用which。定語從句注意以下點：①當(dāng)先行詞為all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代詞時，如：

a.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.

b.Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.

c.Thereislittle(that)theenemycandobesidessurrender.2021/5/97②

先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much修飾時：I’vereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.

③先行詞是序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。a.Thisisthefirstcomposition(that)hehaswritteninEnglish.b.It’sthebestnovel(that)Ihaveeverread.2021/5/98④先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast

修飾時a.Thatwhitefloweristheonlyone(that)Ireallylike.b.Thisistheverybook(that)Iwanttofind.⑤

先行詞是疑問詞who,which,what

時，定語從句用that而不用who,(whom)和which引導(dǎo)。a.Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?b.Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnotknowthis?2021/5/99c.Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome?⑥

當(dāng)有兩個或兩個以上分別表示人和物的先行詞時，這個定語從句要用that而不用who(whom)和which引導(dǎo)。如：Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathehadvisited.⑦

當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語時：Maryisnolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobe.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.2021/5/910定語從句中的“特殊關(guān)系代詞”:as

用于thesame…as…,such…as…，as…as…,so…as…中，as引導(dǎo)的定語從句常采用省略形式。這種用法中的關(guān)系代詞as在定語從句中可作主語、賓語或狀語。如：2021/5/911①Ihavethesamebookasyou(have).②Heisofthesameageasyou(are).③Ihaveneverseensuchalazymanasyou.④Takeasmanyasyouwant.⑤Hereissobigastoneasnomancanlift.⑥Thisissuchabookaswasgiventome.

2021/5/912反饋練習(xí)1.Thedoctor______shesentherfriendisveryfamous.towhomB.towhoseC.whomD.atwhom2.Shehasn'tgotenoughmoney________tobuytherings.forwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.whichAB2021/5/9133.TheSecondWorldWar______millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.onwhichB.whereC.inthatD.duringwhich4.Doyouknowthereason_______shegotsoangryyesterday?A.whyB.whichC.forthatD.forwhyDA2021/5/9145.Is______someGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek?thisschoolwhereB.thisschooloneC.thistheschoolD.this