2022屆新高考英語(yǔ)考前沖刺卷 試卷一（新高考Ⅱ）

2022屆新高考英語(yǔ)考前沖刺卷試卷一(新高考口)

第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

RachelKunhner,theauthorofTelexfromCuba,TheMarsRoom,andTheFlamethrowers,has

gotsomeexcellentbooksforyou.

AgortinobyAlbertoMoravia(1944).

Whenmysonturned13,mymothersaidtome,“YouhavetoreadAgostino/'Agosinoisa

perfectnovellaandperhapsthebestliterateeverwrittenaboutbeinga13-year-oldboy.It's

painfulandtenderandfunny.Amasterpiece.

TheCopenhagenTrilogybyToveDitlevsen(1967-1971).

Ditlevsenwasa20th-centuryDanishwriter.Hertrilogyofshortmemoirs,Childhood,Youth,

andDependency,isbecomingthesubjectofaliterarycraze.Assoonasyousinkyourteethin,

you'llunderstandwhy.Thebooksarefascinating.Theproblemistheybiteback.I'mstill

recovering.

StarbyYukioMishima(I960).

TherearealotofMishimanovelsthathaven'tbeentranslatedintoEnglish.Thisnovellaabout

amoviestarlosingtouchwithrealityonlyrecentlywas./ZAtruestar,〃Mishimawrites,“never

arrives.Showingupisforsecond-rateactorwhoneedtoseekattention."Wanttoseem

glamorous?Stayhome.Attendingthingsisforthesecond-rate.

TheExpendableManbyDorothyB.Hughes(1963).

DonnaTartoncerecommendedHughestome.I'msogladshedid.WhileHughes'mostfamous

book,deservedlyso,isInaLonelyPlace.TheExpendableManhasoneofthebestopening

sequencesofanymysterynovel:AmandrivingfromL.A.toPhoenixpicksupahitchhiker—adirty

andungracefulteenagegirl—withgraveconsequences.

l.Whichbookmayappealtoreaderscrazyaboutmystery-solvingstories?

A.Star.B.TheExpendableMan.

C.TheCopenhagenTheology.D.Agostino.

2.Whatdoweknowaboutthesebooks?

A.TherehasbeennoEnglishversionofthebookStaruptonow.

B.TheCopenhagenTrilogydescribestheauthor'swholelife.

C.AIIthesebooksarerecommendedtoRachelKuchnerbyothers.

D.Agostinoisagoodchoiceforparentsofteenagers.

3.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Acolumn.B.AguidebookC.Anannouncement.D.Atextbook

B

OnMonday,XuMengtaowonherfirstOlympicgoldinwomen'saerials（空中技巧）atthe2022

BeijingWinterGames.ItwasnothardtoseewhatitmeantforXu;Whenthescore108.61came

upwitha"1"byhername,shepointedone,thentwofingerstotheskyandletoutascream.

“Xuisoneofthehandfulofwomentoconsistentlytrythehigh-risktripleflips（三周空翻）over

theyears/saidAmericanAshleyCaldwell,anothertriple-flipenthusiastwhofinishedfourth.

“Whiletripleflipsarenotunheardofamongthewomen,thelistofathleteswhohavetriedthem

consistentlyisshort,AtthelasttwoOlympics,onlyfourofthe12finaliststriedtripleflipsinthe

finalround/

Women'saerialsisasportfullofrisk-takersbutalltherisksareverycalculated.Sincethe

competitionsgothroughaseriesofqualifyingandelimination（淘汰）roundsthatincludeonlyone

jumpeach,onlyaselectfewovertheyearshavebeenwillingtogiveupthecertaintyofasolid

scorewithadoubleflipforthetripleflips.

Xudoesn'tadoptthestrategyandkeepstryingthetripleflips./zltaddsextrasomemightsay

unnecessaryrisktotheearlyrounds/Xuoncesaid."ButI'mOKsacrificingsomegood

competitionresultstomakethesportlookgood."

FailuresatthelastthreeOlympicstestedthelimitsofhowmuchXwaswillingtosacrifice.In

meetaftermeet,fromVancouvertoSochitoPyeongchan,herstrategykeptherawayfromthe

goldmedalbutshekeptpushinganyway.

"It'sasenseofmissionaccomplished.Thisisawinningnightforwomen'saerialstoo“Xusaid

aftertheawardceremony./zlfalotofgirlsaredoingtripleflipsupthereandIfall,therewould

stillbealotofgirlswhowoulddowell,IfImessup,that'sOK.〃

4.WhatcanweinferfromAshleyCaldwell'swords?

A.XuMengtaoisverysensitiveB.Noathletewantstotrythetripleflips.

C.Womenarenotgoodrisk-takers.D.Mostathleteswanttoavoiduncertainties.

5.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphintendtodo?

A.DrawaconclusionB.Provideadditionalinformation.

C.LeadinthemaintopicD.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.

6.WhydoesXuMengtaokeeptryingthetripleflips?

A.Shereallylovesunnecessaryrisks.

B.Shewantstoshowoffhernewtrick.

C.Shehopestoattractmoregirlstoaerials.

D.Shewishestomakethesportmoreenjoyable.

7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesXuMengtao?

A.Determined.B.Curious.C.Calculating.D.Outgoing.

C

AsforBenjaminFranklin'skite-and-keyexperiment,mostpeopleareawareoftheversionin

whichFranklin"discovered“electricitywhenlightningstruckhiskite.However;severaldetails

aboutthisexperimentareunknown,includingwhenandwhereithappened.Somehistorians

evendoubtwhetherittookplace.

Infact,electricityhadalreadybeenusedforcenturiesbeforeFranklin*sexperiment.Franklin

livedfrom1706to1790whenelectricitywasunderstoodastheinteractionbetweentwo

differentfluids（流體）/whichFranklinlaterreferredtoas"plus"and"minus".

ItwasunknownbeforeFranklin'sexperimentwhetherlightningwaselectrical,thoughsome

scientists,includingFranklin,hadguessedjustthat.Franklinwasparticularlyinterestedinthis

becauselightningstrikeshadcauseddisastrousfireswherehousesweremadeofwood.Actually,

bycreatingalightningrod（避雷針），F(xiàn)ranklinhelpedtoprotectwoodenbuildingsfrombeing

struckbylightning.

Afewpublicationsreportedtheexperiment.In1771Franklinreferredtotheexperimentinhis

autobiography,andothercolleaguesalsowroteaboutit.Notably,theexperimentappearedin

“HistoryandPresentStatusofElectricity“byJosephPriestley.Priestleyheardaboutthe

kite-and-keyexperimentfromFranklinhimselfaround15yearsafterthefact,andinhisbook,he

wroteitoccurredinJune1752.

However;inabookbyTomTucker,henotedFranklin'sdescriptionofhisexperimentwas

phrasedinthefutureconditionaltense:"AssoonasanyoftheThunderCloudscomeoverthe

Kite,thepointedWirewilldrawtheElectricFirefromthem...”Franklincouldhavesimplybeen

sayingthattheexperimentcould,intheory,beperformed.Giventhathisstatementhasafew

missingdetails—Franklindid”tlistadate,timeorlocation,forexample—itspossiblethat

Franklindidnotperformtheexperimenthimself.

However;somehistoriansremainunconvincedthattheexperimentwasn'tcarried

out.Franklinexperts,suchasbiographerCarlVanDoren,alsopointtothefactthatPriesfiey

specifiedthemonthinwhichFranklinperformedhisexperiment,suggestingthatFranklinmust

havegivenhimprecisedetailsdirectly.

8.WhatwasFranklin'sachievement?

A.Heinventedthelightningrod.

B.Hediscoveredelectricity.

C.Hethoughtofwaystocontrolfire.

D.Heimprovedthestructureofhomes.

9.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?

A.Franklinlivedinthe17thcentury.

B.Priestley'sbookcameoutin1786.

C.PriestleyandFranklinwereclosefriends.

D.Priestleywrotetheexperimenthappenedinsummer.

lO.WhywasthefutureconditionaltensestressedbyTucker?

A.Toindicatehewasgoodatobserving.

B.TopointoutFranklinwascarelessinwriting.

C.TbshowFranklinwasjustsayingapossibility.

D.ToproveFranklindidtheexperimentbyhimself.

ll.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthetext?

A.Thediscoveryofelectricity.

B.Thedevelopmentofthelightningrod.

C.BenjaminFranklin'sautobiography.

□.DifferentopinionsonFranklin7sexperiment.

D

TheSouthPolehasbeenwarmingatmorethanthreetimestheglobalaverageoverthepast30

years,accordingtoresearchledbyOhioUniversityprofessorRyanFogt,andKyleClem,whoisa

currentpostdoctoralresearchfellowinclimatescience.Accordingtothestudy,thiswarming

periodwasmainlydrivenbynaturaltropical（熱帶的）climatevariabilityandwaslikely

strengthenedbyincreasesingreenhousegaseso

ClemandhisteamanalyzedweatherstationdataattheSouthPole,aswellasclimatemodels

toexaminethewarmingintheAntarcticinterior（內(nèi)陸）.Theyfoundthatbetween1989and2018,

theSouthPolehadwarmedbyabout1,8℃overthepast30yearsatarateof十0.6℃per

decade—threetimestheglobalaverage.

ThestudyalsofoundthatthestrongwarmingovertheAntarcticinteriorinthelast30years

wasmainlydrivenbythetropics,especiallywarmoceantemperaturesinthewesterntropical

PacificOceanthatchangedthewindsintheSouthAtlanticnearAntarcticaandincreasedthe

deliveryofwarmairtotheSouthPole.Theysuggesttheseatmosphericchangesalong

Antarctica'scoastareanimportantmechanismdrivingclimateanomalies（異常事物）inits

interior.

ClemandFogtarguethatthesewarmingtrendswereunlikelytheresultofnaturalclimate

changealone,stressingtheeffectsofaddedwarmingrelatedtohumanactivitiesontopofthe

largetropicalclimatesignalonAntarcticclimatehaveworkedtogethertomakethisoneofthe

strongestwarmingtrendsworldwide.

"Fromtheverybeginning,KyleandIworkedverywelltogetherandwereabletoaccomplish

moreasateamthanwewereindividually,"Fogtsaid."Wehavepublishedeveryyeartogether

since2013,withoneofourcontinuingcollaborationsbeingtheannualStateoftheClimate

reports.Ourworkonthisprojecttogethereachyearultimatelyledtothispublication

documentingthewarmingattheSouthPole.However;mostimportantlyformyfamilyandme,

apartfrombeingafantasticscientistandcollaborator;Kyleisalsoconsideredasoneofour

closestfriends."

12.WhatisthemajorcauseoftheSouthPole'swarmingaccordingtotheresearch?

A.Theweatherstation.B.Lackofwinds.

C.lncreasesofgreenhousegases.D.Naturaltropicalclimatechange.

13.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.ThetropicalclimatesignalsintheAntarcticinterior.

B.Theeffectofhumanactivitiesonthewarmingtrends.

C.ThedetailedexplanationfortheSouthPole'swarming.

D.Theunpleasantconsequencesofnaturalclimatechange.

14.WhichofthefollowingdoesFogtmostprobablyagreeon?

A.Cooperationisvaluedinscientificresearch.

B.Gettingsciencepaperpublishedisdifficult.

C.Friendshipismoreimportantthanscience.

□.Familysupportplaysakeyroleinscience.

15.Fromwhichisthetextmostprobablytaken?

A.Achemistrytextbook.B.Asciencemagazine.

C.Atravelbrochure.D.Asciencenovel.

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余

選項(xiàng)。

Qualitiesofgoodleaders

Leadersareneededtomanageacountryoranyorganization.Theyareveryimportant

people.Undergoodleaders,thecountrywillbestableandpeaceful.Inthisway,itcanmake

greatprogress.

16Theytooneedgoodleaderstoleadthem.Theycannotgrowordowellwithout

goodmanagementorleaders.Schoolstooneedleaders.Theyaretheheadmaster;classmonitors,

prefects,andgamecaptains.Allofthemhaveanimportantroletoplaytoensurethesmooth

runningoftheschool.Athome,parentsaretheleadersguidingthefamily.

17Aleadershouldtakehisworkorpositionseriouslyandcarryouthisdutiestothe

bestofhisability.Heshouldalwaysthinkofwhatisbestforhispeople,whethertheyarestaff

members,family,oranygroupofpeople.

Aleaderisalsosomeonewhohelpsothersbecomemorethantheyeverthoughtwas

possible.Leadershipisaboutunlockingpotential,whetherindividualpotentialorthatofagroup,

company,ororganization.18Instead,itisinspiringthemtoseewhattheyarecapableof

andthenhelpingthemgetthere.

Leadersofacountryshouldalwaysputtheinterestsoftheirpeoplefirst.Theyhavetobe

approachable,caring,andconcernedaboutthewelfareofthoseunderthem.Agoodleader

shouldbewillingtolistentohispeople'sproblemsorsuggestions.19

Itisnoteasytobeagoodandtrueleader.20Trueandgoodleadershiprequiresone

tomakesacrifices,includingputtingothersbeforeoneself.Heisoftenthementorwhoprompts

otherstobetheirbest,someonewhocaresandlistens,andiswillingtoalwaysbethereforthem.

A.Neitherisitimpossible.

B.Thesamegoesfororganizations.

C.Itisnotabouttellingpeoplewhattodo.

D.Todothis,aleaderistobehonest,andtruthful.

E.Thatiswhyagoodleaderislikelytotraingoodfollowers.

F.Thisisthenfollowedupbydoinghisbesttosolvetheseproblems.

G.Tome,themostimportantqualityofaleaderisastrongsenseofresponsibility.

第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Lastweek,Tomandhismornwenttoarestauranttocelebratehisfifthbirthday.Whenheand

hismomweretalkingthere,awaitress21curiouslyfromadistance.Eventually,the

waitressrealizedthatthemomwastalkinginsignlanguagetoherlittleboywhoalso

had22aidsinhisears.

Whenthewaitress23thatitwasTom'sbirthday,shedecidedtogivetheboyaspecial

gift.

ShewenttotheInternetand24howtosay"happybirthday"insignlanguage.She

quicklygotalltherulesdown.Then,shewentuptoTom'stableand25tohim,“Happy

birthdaytoyou!”Tomandhismomwerereally26

Later;Tom'smomsaidthiswasthefirsttimehehad27insignlanguagewithpeopleother

thanherandhisteacher.Itwasasimplephrase28itwasanimportantgiftforTom.

Sheaddedthatthe29fromthewaitressmadeherverymoved."Thanksto

the30waitress,hisfifthbirthdayisonethatwewill31foralifetime"themomsaid.

〃Myboywasalwaysworriedthathewouldappearvery32whenhewastalkinginsign

language.Today,hesawthatsomeone33triedtotalktohiminhis34language.It's

very35forhim.”

21.A.commentedB.sangC.concludedD.watched

22.A.walkingB.readingC.hearingD.speaking

23.A.admittedB.learnedC.expected0.imagined

24.A.adjustedB.lookedupC.reflectedonD.wentthrough

25.A.signedB.pretendedC.shouted0.whispered

26.A.frightenedB.hurtC.confused□.impressed

27.A.studiedB.taughtC.talked□.settled

28.A.andB.soC.orD.but

29.A.giftB.apologyC.benefit□.explanation

30.A.sillyB.impatientC.kindD.busy

31.A.workB.celebrateC.enjoyD.remember

32.A.noisyB.funnyC.richD.excited

33.A.angrilyB.actuallyC.shylyD.casually

34.A.specialB.formalC.secret0.official

35.A.difficultB.freeC.important0.useless

第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Scientistsrecentlyused3Dimagingtechnologytolookinsidethemummies(干尸)ofacat,a

bird,andasnake.TheresearchishelpingexpertslearnmoreabouthowancientEgyptians

36(treat)animals.

Researcherssaidthattheyusedaspecialtechnique,X-raymicroCTscanning,tolookinside

themummies.Thescanningprocesspermitsthescientists37(study)themummieswhile

keepingthemwhole.TheCTscansweremuchmore38(detail)thanmedicalCTscans.

CarolynGraves-Brown,awriterofthestudy,39(lead)theEgyptCentreatSwansea

UniversityinBritain,notedthat40threemummieswerelikelymadeasgiftstothegods

thatEgyptiansbelievedin.Thedeadanimalswerethoughttoserve41alinkbetween

Egyptiangodsandlivingpeople.

ThemummieshadlongbeeninSwansea'scollection.Expertsarenotsureof42(they)

exactage.

Theresearchersfoundevidence43thesnake,ayoungEgyptianCobra,hadbeen

deniedwaterwhilealive.Itwaslikelykilledbyaseverebreakofitsbackbone.

Theresearchersfoundthesnake'smouthopen.These44(find)suggestthesnakehad

beenpartofan"openingofthemouth"ceremony.

Graves-Brownnotedthatthefindingsupports45(early)evidencethattheactwas

carriedoutwithanimals.Thescientistadded,"Weknowitwascarriedoutonhumans."

第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)(滿分15分)

假設(shè)你是學(xué)生李華,你校即將迎來60年校慶，在校慶典禮上，你將代表在校學(xué)生為廣大校友及

國(guó)際友人致歡迎辭，請(qǐng)為此寫一篇英文發(fā)言稿，內(nèi)容包括：

1.表示歡迎；

2.介紹活動(dòng)安排；

3.表達(dá)感謝。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),使行文連貫。

第二節(jié)(滿分25分)

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

ThreefriendsJohn,George,andHenrycamefromatowntoacity.Theywereonjobhunting.

Johngotajobasasalesmaninacompany.Georgegotajobofmechanicinamachinerystore

andHenryjoinedasareceptionistinahospital.Thethreefriendswereveryhappyattheirwork.

Sixmonthspassed.AsareceptionistHenrywasdoingwell.Oneday,oneofthepatients

couldnotwaitforhisturn.Hekeptwalkingtoandfronearthedoor.Henryrequestedhimtobe

seated.Butafterafewminutesthesamethingwasrepeated.Henrylosthispatienceand

shoutedathim,

"Can'tyousitandwaitforyourturn?"Henryburst.

"Oh!Whatmattersyou,whenIstandonmyownlegs?Doesitacheyourlegs?"thetallman

replied.

Henryfeltupset.Spendingthelifeamongthenarrow-mindedpatientswastroublesomefor

him.Hecouldnotstandthatjobfurther.HemethisfriendJohn.WithJohn'shelp,hebecamea

salespersoninthesamecompany.Henryfeltquitefineandcomfortableforafewdays.Ona

sunnyafternoonanoldladyenteredtheshop.

"Hello,sir!CanIgetthattoolwhichcanfastenandunfastenthebeltofaneasychair?"

"Madam!Ididnotgetyou?"

"Ineedsometools.Canyoushowmethevarieties?*'

"Oh!Madam,whydoyoucomewithouttheknowledgeofthetool?"Henryfeltannoyed.

"Howcomeyouarethesalespersonwithouthavingtheartoflisteningtothecustomers?"

Shecomplained.

Atthispoint,Johnappearedandreceivedtheoldladywithpatience.Theladyleftthestore

beingpleasedbythegoodgestureofJohn.Henryjuststoodtherewithablanklookonhisface

staringathisfriend.

“Oneshouldhavepatiencetolistentothecustomers.Understandtheirproblemtohelp

them.Thatmakesthebusiness."JohntoldHenry.Johnwaspromotedtoahigherpositionforhis

softskill.

注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語(yǔ)已為你寫好。

Henrywasnotcontentwiththatjobandapproachedanotherfriend

George._____________________

Atthispoint,Georgeappearedandreceivedthecustomerwith

patience.

答案以及解析

第一部分閱讀理解

第一節(jié)

答案：l.B;2.D;3.A

解析:1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中"TheExpendableManhasoneofthebestopening

sequencesofanymysterynovel:AmandrivingfromL.A.toPhoenixpicksupahitchhiker—a

dirtyandungracefulteenagegirl—withgraveconsequences.（《敢死隊(duì)》的開篇是所有推理小說

中最精彩的一幕之一:一個(gè)男人從洛杉磯開車到鳳凰城，讓一個(gè)骯臟又不優(yōu)雅的少女搭車，結(jié)

果造成了嚴(yán)重的后果）〃可知，《敢死隊(duì)》可能會(huì)吸引癡迷于推理小說的讀者。故選B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Whenmysonturned13,mymothersaidtome,"Youhavetoread

Agostino.1當(dāng)我的兒子13歲的時(shí)候，我的母親對(duì)我說，"你必須讀Agostino。"）〃可知,Agostino

對(duì)于有十幾歲的孩子的父母來說是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。故選D。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第——段"RachelKunhner,theauthorofTelexfromCuba,TheMarsRoom,and

TheFlamethrowers,hasgotsomeexcellentbooksforyou.（《古巴電傳》、《火星房間》和《火焰

噴射器》的作者雷切爾?昆納為你準(zhǔn)備了幾本好書）〃結(jié)合這篇文章介紹了四本書,可推知，文章

最有可能出現(xiàn)在圖書專欄中。故選A。

B

答案：4.D;5.B;6.D;7.A

解析：4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Whiletripleflipsarenotunheardofamongthewomen,the

listofathleteswhohavetriedthemconsistentlyisshort...AtthelasttwoOlympics,onlyfourof

the12finaliststriedtripleflipsinthefinalround.（雖然女子三周空翻并非聞所未聞，但一直嘗試

三翻的運(yùn)動(dòng)員寥寥無幾。在過去兩屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)上,12名決賽選手中只有4人在最后一輪嘗試了

三翻）〃可推斷,大部分運(yùn)動(dòng)員避開這個(gè)高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的三周空翻是為了避免得分的不確定性。故選

Do

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的"Sincethecompetitionsgothroughaseriesofqualifyingand

elimination（淘汰）roundsthatincludeonlyonejumpeach,onlyaselectfewovertheyearshave

beenwillingtogiveupthecertaintyofasolidscorewithadoubleflipforthetriples.（由于比賽要

經(jīng)過一系列的預(yù)選賽和淘汰賽，每個(gè)預(yù)選賽都只有一個(gè)跳遠(yuǎn)環(huán)節(jié)，所以在過去的幾年里，只有

少數(shù)被選中的選手愿意放棄雙翻的穩(wěn)定分?jǐn)?shù),而選擇三翻）〃推知，本段的目的是提供奧運(yùn)會(huì)的

背景知識(shí),即在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上，空中技巧是淘汰賽，運(yùn)動(dòng)員只有一次試錯(cuò)機(jī)會(huì)，所以大部分運(yùn)動(dòng)員不

愿意做三周空翻動(dòng)作。故選B。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的"ButI'mOKsacrificingsomegoodcompetitionresultstomakethe

sportlookgood.（但我可以犧牲一些好的比賽成績(jī)來讓這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)看起來更好）〃可知，徐夢(mèng)濤堅(jiān)

持三周空翻是希望提高空中技巧的觀賞性。故選Do

7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段"FailuresatthelastthreeOlympicstestedthelimitsofhowmuchXu

waswillingtosacrifice,inmeetaftermeet,fromVancouvertoSochitoPyeongchan,herstrategy

keptherawayfromthegoldmedalbutshekeptpushinganyway.（會(huì)的失敗考驗(yàn)了徐夢(mèng)濤愿意

做出多大犧牲的極限。在一場(chǎng)接一場(chǎng)的比賽中，從溫哥華到索契再到平昌，她的策略讓她與金

牌失之交臂，但她仍在努力）〃推知，徐夢(mèng)桃是鍥而不舍的。故選Ao

C

答案：8.A;9.D;10.C;11.D

解析：8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的"Actually,bycreatingalightningrod（避雷針）,Franklin

helpedtoprotectwoodenbuildingsfrombeingstruckbylightning」實(shí)際上，通過制造避雷針，富

蘭克林幫助保護(hù)木制建筑免受雷擊）“可知，富蘭克林發(fā)明了避雷針。故選A項(xiàng)。

9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的"PriestleyheardaboutthekiteandkeyexperimentfromFranklin

himselfaround15yearsafterthefact.Andinhisbook,hewroteitoccurredinJune1752.（大約15

年后,Priestley從富蘭克林本人那里聽說了風(fēng)箏和鑰匙實(shí)驗(yàn)，并在他的書中寫道，它發(fā)生在1752

年6月）“可知,Priestley寫下了富蘭克林在夏天進(jìn)行的風(fēng)箏和鑰匙實(shí)驗(yàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。

10.推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的"Franklincouldhavesimplybeensayingthattheexperiment

could,intheory.beperformed.Giventhathisstatementhasafewmissingdetails—Franklindidn

'tlistadate,timeorlocation,forexampleit*spossiblethatFranklindidnotperformthe

experimenthimself.（富蘭克林本可以簡(jiǎn)單地說，理論上，這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)是可以進(jìn)行的。鑒于富蘭克

林的聲明缺少一些細(xì)節(jié)，例如，他沒有列出日期、時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)，富蘭克林可能沒有親自進(jìn)行實(shí)

驗(yàn)）“可知,TomTucker認(rèn)為富蘭克林在書中使用將來時(shí)來描述他的實(shí)驗(yàn)，是認(rèn)為這可能只是富

蘭克林在說一種理論上的可能性,（因?yàn)槿鄙僖恍┘?xì)節(jié)）實(shí)際上富蘭克林可能沒有親自進(jìn)行實(shí)

驗(yàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。

11.主旨大意題。由第一段"AsforBenjaminFranklin*skite-and-keyexperiment,mostpeopleare

awareoftheversioninwhichFranklin"/discovered"electricitywhenlightningstruckhiskite.

However,severaldetailsaboutthisexperimentareunknown,includingwhenandwhereit

happened.Somehistoriansevendoubtwhetherittookplace.（至于本杰明?富蘭克林的風(fēng)箏和

鑰匙實(shí)驗(yàn)，大多數(shù)人都知道富蘭克林在閃電擊中風(fēng)箏時(shí)"發(fā)現(xiàn)""了電的版本。然而，關(guān)于這個(gè)實(shí)

驗(yàn)的一些細(xì)節(jié)尚不清楚,包括它發(fā)生的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。一些歷史學(xué)家甚至懷疑它是否發(fā)生過）"

可知，本文在首段提出富蘭克林的風(fēng)箏和鑰匙的實(shí)驗(yàn)并指出對(duì)這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)存在的一些質(zhì)疑，然后

在下文對(duì)此進(jìn)行講述，由此判斷文章主要講述的是對(duì)富蘭克林風(fēng)箏和鑰匙實(shí)驗(yàn)的真實(shí)性的一

些不同觀點(diǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)。

D

答案：12.D;13.C;14.A;15.B

解析：12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Accordingtothestudy,thiswarmingperiodwasmainly

drivenbynaturaltropical（熱帶的）climatevariabilityandwaslikelystrengthenedbyincreasesin

greenhousegases."可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)南極氣溫異常升高主要是因?yàn)闊釒У貐^(qū)氣候變化。

13.段落大意題。通讀第三段可知，太平洋西部熱帶地區(qū)海洋溫度升高改變了靠近南極洲的南

大西洋風(fēng)向，進(jìn)而向南極輸送了更多的溫暖的氣流，由此造成了南極變暖。由此可知，本段主要

是對(duì)南極變段的詳細(xì)說明

14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Fogt所說的話可知,Fogt和好友研究成果的取得離不開他

們的合作。由此可推斷,Fogt非?？粗乜茖W(xué)研究中的合作。

15.文章出處題。文章主要介紹了南極地區(qū)氣溫異常增高及其成因，由此可推斷，本文最有可能

出自“科學(xué)雜志”。

第二節(jié)

答案：16-20BGCFA

解析：16.細(xì)節(jié)句。文章第一段首句表明，管理一個(gè)國(guó)家或任何組織都需要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。接著敘

述領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人對(duì)國(guó)家的重要性。該段應(yīng)接著敘述“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人對(duì)組織的重要性是一樣的”，后面講述

學(xué)校、家庭都需要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。故選B。

17.主題句。根據(jù)下文Aleadershould：Heshouldalways可知，該段主要陳述一個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)

該怎么做，是作者的觀點(diǎn)看法。G項(xiàng)“在我看來，一個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者最重要的品質(zhì)就是責(zé)任感”符

合題意。故選G。

18.過渡句。上文表述，一個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者要幫助人們開發(fā)潛能；承接上文，該句“不是告訴人們

做什么”；下文接著解釋，相反，是鼓勵(lì)人們發(fā)現(xiàn)并開發(fā)自己的潛能。故選C。

19.細(xì)節(jié)句。上文表述，一個(gè)好的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者愿意傾聽人民的問題或建議：該句進(jìn)一步解釋，“然

后會(huì)盡量去解決這些問題”。故選F。

20.細(xì)節(jié)句。上文表述，做一個(gè)好的真正的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者不容易；該句進(jìn)一步說明，“并不是不可能”;

下文接著敘述，一個(gè)好的真正的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)該怎么做。故選A。

第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用

第一節(jié)

答案:21.D;22.C;23.B;24.B;25.A;26.D;27.C;28.D;29.A;30.C;31.D;32.B;33.B;34.A;35.C

解析：21.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他和媽媽在那里談話時(shí)，一個(gè)女服務(wù)員在遠(yuǎn)處好奇

地看著。A.commented評(píng)論;B.sang唱歌；C.concluded總結(jié);D.watched觀看。根據(jù)“from

adistance”可知，在Tom母子用手語(yǔ)交談時(shí)，有位服務(wù)員在遠(yuǎn)處好奇地觀察著。故選D。

22.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，服務(wù)員意識(shí)到這位母親是在用手語(yǔ)和她耳朵里也戴著

助聽器的兒子說話。A.walking散步；B.reading閱讀;C.hearing聽見；D.speaking說話。根

據(jù)uthewaitressrealizedthatthemomwastalkinginsignlanguagetoherlittleboy^可知，Tom

不能用正常地語(yǔ)言交流，因此Tom耳朵里帶有助聽(hearing)器。故選C.

23.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)女服務(wù)員知道那天是湯姆的生日時(shí)，她決定給這個(gè)男孩一

份特別的禮物。A.admitted承認(rèn)；B.learned學(xué)習(xí)，了解；C.expected期待;D.imagined想象。

根據(jù)"thatitwasTom'sbirthday"可知,女服務(wù)員了解到那天是湯姆的生日。故選B。

24.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：她上網(wǎng)查找如何用手語(yǔ)說“生日快樂”。A.adjustedto調(diào)整，

適應(yīng)；B.lookedup查閱，向上看；C.reflectedon反思，思考；D.wentthrough經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)

"ShewenttotheInternet”可知，她在網(wǎng)上查找(lookedup)如何用手語(yǔ)說“生日快樂！“故

選Bo

25.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，她走到湯姆的桌子前，對(duì)他說：“祝你生日快樂！”湯

姆和他媽媽對(duì)此印象深刻。A.signed示意，打手勢(shì)；B.pretended假裝；C.shouted喊叫；

D.whispered耳語(yǔ)，小聲說。根據(jù)"howtosay"happybirthday"insignlanguage"可知，女

服務(wù)員來到Tom的桌前用手語(yǔ)說(signed)：“生日快樂！故選A。

26.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.frightened使害怕;B.hurt受傷；C.confused使困惑；

0.impressed使印象深刻。根據(jù)"Later,Tom'smomsaidthiswasthefirsttimehehad7in

signlanguagewithpeopleotherthanherandhisteacher."可知，女服務(wù)員用手語(yǔ)祝福Tom生

日快樂的行為讓Tom和媽媽對(duì)此印象深刻。故選Do

27.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，湯姆的媽媽說，這是湯姆第一次用手語(yǔ)與她和老師以

外的人交談。A.studied學(xué)習(xí),研究;B.taught教；C.talked談話；D.settled定居。根據(jù)"insign

languagewithpeople”可知，此處表示用手語(yǔ)與他人交流。故選C.

28.考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的短語(yǔ)，但它是給湯姆的一個(gè)重要的禮物。A.and

和；B.so因此；C.or或者；D.but但是。“s