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試卷第=page11頁,共=sectionpages33頁試卷第=page11頁,共=sectionpages33頁第21課利用導(dǎo)數(shù)探究函數(shù)的零點(diǎn)問題學(xué)校:___________姓名:___________班級(jí):___________考號(hào):___________【基礎(chǔ)鞏固】1.(2022·重慶·一模)定義在SKIPIF1<0上的函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足:當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,若關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0的方程SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)不等實(shí)根,則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】解:當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)不等實(shí)根只需SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0.故選:C2.(2022·河北·模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】解:由條件得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,由條件SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,顯然當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增.故由SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.3.(2022·湖北·襄陽五中模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0的方程SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)不同的實(shí)數(shù)根,則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【解析】對(duì)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0求導(dǎo)得SKIPIF1<0,對(duì)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0求導(dǎo)得SKIPIF1<0,作出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象如下圖所示:當(dāng)直線SKIPIF1<0與曲線SKIPIF1<0相切于原點(diǎn)時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)直線SKIPIF1<0與曲線SKIPIF1<0相切于原點(diǎn)時(shí),SKIPIF1<0.結(jié)合圖象可知,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0時(shí),直線SKIPIF1<0與函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象有兩個(gè)交點(diǎn),故選:A.4.(2022·天津·南開中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè))設(shè)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0(其中SKIPIF1<0為自然對(duì)數(shù)的底數(shù)),若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0至少存在一個(gè)零點(diǎn),則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,發(fā)現(xiàn)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上都是單調(diào)遞增,在SKIPIF1<0上都是單調(diào)遞減,故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,故當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),得SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0至少存在一個(gè)零點(diǎn)需滿足SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0.應(yīng)選答案D.點(diǎn)睛:解答本題時(shí)充分運(yùn)用等價(jià)轉(zhuǎn)化與化歸的數(shù)學(xué)思想,先將函數(shù)解析式SKIPIF1<0中的參數(shù)SKIPIF1<0分離出來,得到SKIPIF1<0,然后構(gòu)造函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,分別研究函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的單調(diào)性,從而確定函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,故當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),得SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0至少存在一個(gè)零點(diǎn)等價(jià)于SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0.使得問題獲解.5.(2022·江蘇南京·模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上有兩個(gè)零點(diǎn),則m的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】解:函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上有兩個(gè)零點(diǎn),等價(jià)于SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)不同的交點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0恒過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0相切時(shí)切點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以切線斜率為SKIPIF1<0,則切線方程為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)切線經(jīng)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0(舍),此時(shí)切線斜率為SKIPIF1<0,由函數(shù)圖像特征可知:函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上有兩個(gè)零點(diǎn),則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.6.(2022·遼寧沈陽·一模)若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)不同零點(diǎn)的(

)A.充分不必要條件 B.必要不充分條件C.充分且必要條件 D.既不充分也不必要條件【答案】A【解析】SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0有2個(gè)不同零點(diǎn)的充要條件為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0圖象在第一象限有2個(gè)交點(diǎn),所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0有2個(gè)零點(diǎn)的充要條件為SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0的充分不必要條件,所以“SKIPIF1<0”是“SKIPIF1<0有2個(gè)零點(diǎn)在SKIPIF1<0”的充分而不必要條件,故選:A7.(2022·河北·模擬預(yù)測(cè))我們定義:方程SKIPIF1<0的實(shí)數(shù)根SKIPIF1<0叫做函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的“新駐點(diǎn)”,SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0的“新駐點(diǎn)”分別為SKIPIF1<0,則下列選項(xiàng)中正確的有(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】SKIPIF1<0,由“新駐點(diǎn)”的概念可知,SKIPIF1<0故A錯(cuò)誤,C正確.令SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,又SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,故B錯(cuò)誤,令SKIPIF1<0,由上可知SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,故SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0先減后增,又SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,故D錯(cuò).故選:C8.(2022·浙江·鎮(zhèn)海中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0的方程SKIPIF1<0有SKIPIF1<0個(gè)不同的實(shí)數(shù)解,則SKIPIF1<0的所有可能的值為(

)A.3 B.4 C.2或3或4或5 D.2或3或4或5或6【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)題意作出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象:SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,所以SKIPIF1<0;函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí)單調(diào)遞減,所以SKIPIF1<0,對(duì)于方程SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即方程必有兩個(gè)不同的實(shí)數(shù)根SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,3個(gè)交點(diǎn);當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,也是3個(gè)交點(diǎn);故選:A.9.(2022·湖南·長郡中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0分別是定義在R上的偶函數(shù)和奇函數(shù),且SKIPIF1<0,若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有唯一零點(diǎn),則正實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.1 D.2【答案】C【解析】由題設(shè),SKIPIF1<0,可得:SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,易知:SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對(duì)稱.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,故SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,且當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0趨向于正負(fù)無窮大時(shí)SKIPIF1<0都趨向于正無窮大,所以SKIPIF1<0僅有一個(gè)極小值點(diǎn)1,則要使函數(shù)只有一個(gè)零點(diǎn),即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0.故選:C10.(2022·山東濟(jì)寧·二模)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有5個(gè)零點(diǎn),則實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于y軸對(duì)稱,且SKIPIF1<0,要想SKIPIF1<0有5個(gè)零點(diǎn),則當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0要有2個(gè)根,結(jié)合對(duì)稱性可知SKIPIF1<0時(shí)也有2個(gè)零點(diǎn),故滿足有5個(gè)零點(diǎn),當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,不合題意;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0令SKIPIF1<0,定義域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0得:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0得:SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,且當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0恒成立,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0處取得極大值,其中SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)與SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)交點(diǎn).故選:C11.(多選)(2022·重慶·模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有唯一零點(diǎn),則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值可以是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.0 D.1【答案】AD【解析】令SKIPIF1<0,則有SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則有SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單減,在SKIPIF1<0上單增,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0有唯一零點(diǎn)即SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.故選:AD12.(2022·重慶南開中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè))若關(guān)于x的方程SKIPIF1<0有解,則實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍為________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】SKIPIF1<0有解,即SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的值域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.13.(2022·湖北·模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有5個(gè)零點(diǎn),則實(shí)數(shù)k的取值范圍為______.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】解:因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上有兩個(gè)零點(diǎn),即SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)不同的正實(shí)數(shù)解,即SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0;SKIPIF1<0.故SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上遞減,SKIPIF1<0上遞增,故SKIPIF1<0.畫出圖像如圖所示從而SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.14.(2022·江蘇·南京市江寧高級(jí)中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè))若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)有且只有一個(gè)零點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的最大值與最小值的和為_______.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),由SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,其中SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,列表如下:SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0增極大值SKIPIF1<0減如下圖所示:因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)有且只有一個(gè)零點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0,所以,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,則當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,又因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以,SKIPIF1<0,因此,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的最大值與最小值的和為SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.15.(2022·廣東茂名·模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有三個(gè)不同的零點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,其中SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的值為________.【答案】1【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,且SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0;SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,作出SKIPIF1<0的圖象,如圖要使SKIPIF1<0有三個(gè)不同的零點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0其中SKIPIF1<0令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0需要有兩個(gè)不同的實(shí)數(shù)根SKIPIF1<0(其中SKIPIF1<0)則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0=SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,故不符合題意,舍去綜上SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0故答案為:116.(2022·廣東·深圳市光明區(qū)高級(jí)中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0.(1)當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),求函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的極值點(diǎn);(2)當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),試討論函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù).【解】(1)當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減;綜上,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的極值點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0.(2)當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0的一個(gè)零點(diǎn),令SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0.因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,①當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0無零點(diǎn).②當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,有SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0無零點(diǎn).③當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,又SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由零點(diǎn)存在性定理知,存在唯一SKIPIF1<0,使得SKIPIF1<0.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增;又SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上有SKIPIF1<0個(gè)零點(diǎn).綜上,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0有SKIPIF1<0個(gè)零點(diǎn).17.(2022·遼寧·大連二十四中模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0.(1)求SKIPIF1<0的最小值;(2)記SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0的導(dǎo)函數(shù),設(shè)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有且只有一個(gè)零點(diǎn),求SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍.【解】(1)由題得SKIPIF1<0,∴當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,所以SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0的極小值點(diǎn);又當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0只能在SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)取得最小值,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0在(0,SKIPIF1<0)內(nèi)的極小值點(diǎn),也是最小值點(diǎn),所以SKIPIF1<0.(2)由題可得SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0),∴SKIPIF1<0①當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,又∵SKIPIF1<0,∴函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有且僅有1個(gè)零點(diǎn),∴SKIPIF1<0符合題意;②當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),令SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,∴存在唯一的實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,使得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減;SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增;又∵SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,∴當(dāng)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有且僅有1個(gè)零點(diǎn)時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0符合題意綜上可知,SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.【素養(yǎng)提升】1.(2022·江蘇·南京市第五高級(jí)中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,有如下結(jié)論:①SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)極值點(diǎn);②SKIPIF1<0有SKIPIF1<0個(gè)零點(diǎn);③SKIPIF1<0的所有零點(diǎn)之和等于零.則正確結(jié)論的個(gè)數(shù)是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增.所以,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.令SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,則SKIPIF1<0,所以,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由零點(diǎn)存在定理可知,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0上各有一個(gè)零點(diǎn),所以,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)極值點(diǎn),命題①正確;設(shè)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的極大值點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,極小值點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的極大值為SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,構(gòu)造函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0.同理可知,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的極小值為SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.由零點(diǎn)存在定理可知,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0上各存在一個(gè)零點(diǎn),所以,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有SKIPIF1<0個(gè)零點(diǎn),命題②正確;令SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0所有零點(diǎn)之和等于零,命題③正確.故選:D.2.(2022·重慶·二模)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0恰有三個(gè)零點(diǎn)時(shí),SKIPIF1<0(其中m,n為正實(shí)數(shù)),則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為(

)A.9 B.7 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.4【答案】A【解析】SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0恒成立,∴SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,∴SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào),∴SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0恒成立,∴SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,∴SKIPIF1<0,由此作出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的草圖如下所示,由函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0恰有三個(gè)零點(diǎn)可得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0的最小值為9,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立,故選:A.3.(2022·湖北·黃岡中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè))函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)零點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,下列說法錯(cuò)誤的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】因?yàn)楹瘮?shù)SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)零點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)根,即SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)交點(diǎn),畫出函數(shù)圖像如下圖所示:設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),解得SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),解得SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)交點(diǎn),即函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)零點(diǎn),故A正確;結(jié)合圖像可知SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,要證明SKIPIF1<0,即證明SKIPIF1<0,整理得SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0恒成立,所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,故D正確;由D選項(xiàng)正確,即SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0成立,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故B不正確;因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,故C選項(xiàng)正確.故選:B.4.(多選)(2022·湖北·鄂南高中模擬預(yù)測(cè))若關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0的方程SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)實(shí)數(shù)根,則SKIPIF1<0的取值可以是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】ABD【解析】SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0相當(dāng)于用SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0這兩條水平的直線去截函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像一共要有兩個(gè)交點(diǎn).SKIPIF1<0,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0;所以函數(shù)的增區(qū)間為SKIPIF1<0減區(qū)間為SKIPIF1<0.且當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0取SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0取SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0圖象如圖所示,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0和函數(shù)的圖象各有一個(gè)交點(diǎn),共有兩個(gè)交點(diǎn),滿足題意;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0和函數(shù)的圖象各有一個(gè)交點(diǎn),共有兩個(gè)交點(diǎn),滿足題意;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0和函數(shù)的圖象各有兩個(gè)交點(diǎn),共有四個(gè)交點(diǎn),不滿足題意;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0和函數(shù)的圖象各有兩個(gè)交點(diǎn)和零個(gè)交點(diǎn),共有兩個(gè)交點(diǎn),滿足題意.故選:ABD5.(多選)(2022·山東泰安·三模)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0)有兩個(gè)不同的零點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,符號(hào)[x]表示不超過x的最大整數(shù),如[0.5]=0,[1.2]=1,則下列結(jié)論正確的是(

)A.a(chǎn)的取值范圍為SKIPIF1<0B.a(chǎn)的取值范圍為SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0D.若SKIPIF1<0,則a的取值范圍為SKIPIF1<0【答案】BD【解析】函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的定義域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上至多只有一個(gè)零點(diǎn),與條件矛盾,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),由SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0(舍去),當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,因?yàn)楹瘮?shù)SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)不同的零點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0B對(duì),不妨設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),則SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,C錯(cuò),因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故滿足條件的SKIPIF1<0不存在,所以a的取值范圍為SKIPIF1<0,D對(duì),故選:BD.6.(2022·湖南衡陽·三模)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0),若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的極值為0,則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0__________;若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有且僅有四個(gè)不同的零點(diǎn),則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是__________.【答案】

SKIPIF1<0

SKIPIF1<0【解析】當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0遞增,無極值;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0遞減,無極值;若SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0遞減,SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0遞增,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0有極小值SKIPIF1<0;綜上,在SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0;由題設(shè),SKIPIF1<0,顯然SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),要SKIPIF1<0有且僅有四個(gè)不同的零點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上有兩個(gè)零點(diǎn),即SKIPIF1<0存在變號(hào)零點(diǎn),所以SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0遞增;而SKIPIF1<0趨向正無窮時(shí)SKIPIF1<0趨于正無窮,故SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,而SKIPIF1<0,存在SKIPIF1<0使得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上遞減,在SKIPIF1<0上遞增,由SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0趨向SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0趨于SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,只需SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0(舍),而SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0遞增,所以SKIPIF1<0.綜上,SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0;SKIPIF1<07.(2022·浙江溫州·二模)已知SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有且僅有兩個(gè)不同的零點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是_________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)楹瘮?shù)SKIPIF1<0有且僅有兩個(gè)不同的零點(diǎn),所以方程SKIPIF1<0有且僅有兩個(gè)不同的實(shí)數(shù)根,由SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,問題轉(zhuǎn)化為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象與直線SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)不同的交點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0,顯然SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,而SKIPIF1<0,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率為負(fù)值且恒過橫軸負(fù)半軸上一點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,如圖所示:設(shè)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的切點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,過該切點(diǎn)的斜率為SKIPIF1<0,切線方程為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)該切線方程為SKIPIF1<0時(shí),有SKIPIF1<0,消去SKIPIF1<0得:SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,或SKIPIF1<0(舍去),或SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)方程的切線方程為:SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,不符合SKIPIF1<0,因此要想函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象與直線SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)不同的交點(diǎn)

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