四級(jí)強(qiáng)化寫(xiě)作翻譯課件

Writing

&TranslationRobin

Yu四級(jí)寫(xiě)作

&

翻譯課程安排寫(xiě)作1

考試要求

&

考試流程

(~0.5h)2

評(píng)分原則

&

評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

(~0.5h)3

文章結(jié)構(gòu)4

文章內(nèi)容(~1.5h)(~1h)5

文章語(yǔ)言:

如何使用萬(wàn)能句型?

(~2.5h)6

文章語(yǔ)言:

惡俗詞匯

&

常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤

(~1h)???翻譯評(píng)分原則

&

評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

(~1h)?？颊Z(yǔ)法

(~1h)Task:

1分鐘閱讀任何1個(gè)題目~1

寫(xiě)作要求

Directions:

For

this

part,

you

are

allowed

30

minutes

to

write

a

short

essay

entitled

…….

Youshould

write

at

least

120

words

followingthe

outline

given

below

in

Chinese.時(shí)間=30minutes

?四級(jí)考試(監(jiān)考)流程08:45

驗(yàn)證入場(chǎng)(檢查準(zhǔn)考證,身份證上的照片是否與本人相符)09:00

考試開(kāi)始,

禁止遲到考生入場(chǎng)09:00-09:10

發(fā)答題卡1和2:

答題卡1為寫(xiě)作和快速閱讀,答題卡2為試題其余部分

監(jiān)考老師:

提示考生暫不填寫(xiě)答題卡2上試卷類(lèi)型一欄,監(jiān)控考場(chǎng),制止考生提前答卷??Q:

9:00-9:10監(jiān)考老師會(huì)講考場(chǎng)注意事項(xiàng)嗎?2011年上半年全國(guó)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試版書(shū)內(nèi)容9:

10

考試正式開(kāi)始

9:

10—09:

40

考生答題卡1上完成寫(xiě)作部分

(用黑色字跡簽字筆答題);(09:

35

監(jiān)考員發(fā)試題冊(cè))

09:

40—09:

55

考生打開(kāi)試題冊(cè),完成快速閱讀理解部分;(09:

55監(jiān)考員收答題卡1)10:

00

聽(tīng)力考試正式開(kāi)始,

考生在答題卡2上 完成聽(tīng)力及試題其余部分;11:

20

考試結(jié)束,

考生停止答題.作文表面上30分鐘,實(shí)際40分鐘,(不能動(dòng)筆的10分鐘

+

動(dòng)筆30分鐘)

Q:

作文不怎么會(huì)寫(xiě),隨便寫(xiě)2筆,然后做快速閱讀或其它題目?”9:35監(jiān)考員發(fā)試題冊(cè),9:55收答題卡1”

→最早你也得從9:35開(kāi)始做快速閱讀,而且很可能被監(jiān)控老師叫停9:00-9:35

除了作文,你別無(wú)選擇~字?jǐn)?shù)=120words?字?jǐn)?shù)明顯少了,肯定不行閱卷體驗(yàn):大部分同學(xué)字?jǐn)?shù)夠;字多點(diǎn)好不好呢?誤區(qū)1:

字越多越好四級(jí)作文答題卡共有34行沒(méi)必要點(diǎn)字?jǐn)?shù),因?yàn)槲覀儾粫?huì)點(diǎn)字?jǐn)?shù)Q:

是否需要打草稿???考場(chǎng)上沒(méi)有草稿紙,也不準(zhǔn)你帶草稿紙;唯一的草稿紙是…2

評(píng)分原則&評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)評(píng)分原則1.

(略)

2.

CET作文題采用總體評(píng)分(global

scoring)法.

閱卷人員就總的印象給出獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)分(rewardscores),

而不是按語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)的錯(cuò)誤數(shù)目扣分.3

.

(略)

4.

避免趨中傾向.

該給高分的給高分,包括滿(mǎn)分該給低分給低分,包括零分.一名閱卷人員在所評(píng)閱的全部做問(wèn)卷中不應(yīng)只給中間的幾種分?jǐn)?shù).評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1

本題滿(mǎn)分為15分

2

閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共分5等:

2分,

5分,

8分,

11分及14分.真實(shí)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn):

4字真經(jīng)→主要從3個(gè)方面,哪3個(gè)方面?structure;

content;

language語(yǔ)言:

語(yǔ)法

&

詞匯結(jié)構(gòu):

清晰

or

NOT←上來(lái)就瞎寫(xiě),想到什么寫(xiě)什么,擠牙膏內(nèi)容:

跑題了嗎?結(jié)構(gòu)清晰,內(nèi)容有邏輯,語(yǔ)言精練=14分結(jié)構(gòu)比較清晰,不跑題,語(yǔ)言沒(méi)什么錯(cuò)誤=11分??結(jié)構(gòu)基本清晰,不跑題,語(yǔ)言有點(diǎn)爛,但爛的不明顯=

8分3

閱卷人員根據(jù)閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對(duì)照樣卷評(píng)分, 若認(rèn)為所閱文章與某一分?jǐn)?shù)相似,即定為該分?jǐn)?shù);若認(rèn)為所閱文章稍?xún)?yōu)或稍劣于該分?jǐn)?shù)則可加1分或減一分.但不得加或減半分.

潛規(guī)則:

印象分:卷面整潔,書(shū)寫(xiě)工整,字跡清晰(20%的幅度)3

文章結(jié)構(gòu)首先要樹(shù)立一個(gè)框架意識(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)安排必須合理,

否則即使內(nèi)容很有邏輯,語(yǔ)言運(yùn)動(dòng)得再好,也達(dá)不到漂亮,甚至不夠清爽結(jié)構(gòu)Structure

／

段與段之間的結(jié)構(gòu)＼

句與句之間的結(jié)構(gòu)“段”結(jié)構(gòu)Q:

1篇文章分幾段?3

paragraphs3段對(duì)應(yīng)文章的3點(diǎn)提綱→1點(diǎn)提綱寫(xiě)1段2點(diǎn)提綱→2段+

1段

(寫(xiě)不出來(lái)就算了)“句”結(jié)構(gòu)一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的英文段落的結(jié)構(gòu):主題句+拓展句+

結(jié)尾句(可有可無(wú))什么叫主題句?什么叫拓展句?

●The

reputation

of

eating

in

Guangdong

iwell-deserved.

●There

are

a

great

variety

of

noodles,dumplings

and

seafood.In

brief,

anything

you

could

name

woulbe

offered

there.

主題句

(topic

sentence),提出主題及中心思想的句子;拓展句

(developing

sentence)緊隨主題句,是對(duì)主題句的延伸(解釋說(shuō)明explanation;

舉例example;主題句是結(jié)構(gòu)清晰的第1步1)

1段只有1個(gè)主題句因?yàn)?段只能有1個(gè)中心思想

,該中心思想由主題句表達(dá)而接下來(lái)所有句子(拓展句)都是圍繞這個(gè)主題句展開(kāi);任何游離于中心思想之外的句子會(huì)使文章雜亂.2)

主題句放在每段第1句下來(lái)所有句子(拓展句)緊隨其后,對(duì)它進(jìn)行延伸●

My

favoriate

TV

program

is

“If

You

AreThe

One”

●I

enjoy

the

dating

show

because

I

can

seepeople’s

open

and

pragmatic

attitude

towards

loveand

marriageQ:

既然主題句那么重要,

如何寫(xiě)?黃金原則1

(步驟1):

直接把所給出的中文提綱翻譯成英文(改寫(xiě)),放在每段的第1句

(主題句)2010年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文Due

attention

should

be

given

to

spellin1.如今不少學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中不重視拼寫(xiě)2.出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因是……3.為了改變這種狀況,我認(rèn)為…1.

如今不少學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中不重視拼寫(xiě)2.

出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因是……3.

為了改變這種狀況,我認(rèn)為…你是不是?

Nowadays

a

lot

of

students

don’t

pay

dueattention

to

spelling

in

English

study.The

reasons

of

this

phenomenon

are…In

order

to

change

this

situation,

I

thinThese

days

(不要nowadays)

a

large

number

of

(不要a

lot

of)

students

fail

to

(比do

not好)paydue

attention

to

spelling

in

english

learning.The

reasons

accounting

for

this

phenomenonare

varied.

For

one

thing,…(不要first,

firstly,千要on

the

one

hand…on

the

other

hand)

(官方范文:Several

factors

may

account

for

suchphenomenon.

In

the

first

palce…)

Therefore,

it

seems

that

some

effectivemeasures

should

be

taken

to

alter

(change)

thissituation.

(“我認(rèn)為”就不要翻譯了)(官方范文:To

reverse

the

trend,joint

efforts

are

needed.)2009年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文Creating

a

Green

Campus1.建設(shè)綠色校園十分重要2.綠色校園不僅是指綠色的環(huán)境……3.為了建設(shè)綠色校園,我們應(yīng)該……步驟1:

翻譯提綱,定好主題句

It

is

highly

(considerably,

remarkably,utterly)

essential

(fundamental,

significan?weighty)

to

create

a

green

campus….

A

green

campus

is

more

than

greenenvironment

with

green

trees

and

grasses.In

order

to

create

a

green

campus,we

should…2008年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文Limiting

the

Use

of

Disposable

plastic

Bags1.一次性塑料袋曾被廣泛的使用2.造成的問(wèn)題3.限制使用塑料袋的意義步驟1:

翻譯提綱,定好主題句

Disposable

plastic

bags

were

once

widelyused.

However,

disposable

plastic

bags

havebrought

a

large

number

of

problems.?Therefore,

it

really

makes

sense

tolimit

the

use

of

disposable

platic

bags4

文章內(nèi)容

拓展句構(gòu)成文章內(nèi)容,緊隨主題句,對(duì)主題句進(jìn)行延伸Q:

如何延伸?2010年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文Due

attention

should

be

given

to

spelling1.如今不少學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中不重視拼寫(xiě)2.出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因是……3.為了改變這種狀況,我認(rèn)為…黃金原則2(步驟2):

“2W+How”

拓展步驟2:

2W+how

幫助你拓展1.

如今…

what

拼寫(xiě)內(nèi)容別人看不懂2.

原因是……

why1)

自己意識(shí)不夠

2)

考試不考

3)

老師不管3.

改變狀況…

how?1)

加強(qiáng)自我

2)

考試加大對(duì)拼寫(xiě)要求3)

老師糾正2009年12月

Creating

a

Green

Campus1.建設(shè)綠色校園十分重要2.綠色校園不僅是指綠色的環(huán)境……3.為了建設(shè)綠色校園,我們應(yīng)該……步驟2:

2W+how

幫助你拓展1.十分重要-why1)

有益健康

2)

陶冶情操2.不僅是指綠色的環(huán)境-what1)

環(huán)保意識(shí)

2)

和諧社會(huì),人際關(guān)系3.為了建設(shè)綠色校園,我們應(yīng)該…

-how1)

環(huán)保意識(shí)

2)

和諧社會(huì),人際關(guān)系2008年12月

Limiting

the

Use

of

Disposable

Bags1.一次性塑料袋曾被廣泛的使用2.造成的問(wèn)題3.限制使用塑料袋的意義步驟2:

2W+how

幫助你拓展1.

廣泛使用

1)

原因

2)

現(xiàn)象cheap

and

convenient..carry

things

when

shoppin2.

問(wèn)題—whatthe

environment

may

be

badly

damaged.our

health

may

be

harmed3.

意義

–what?protect

our

enviroment

and

ourselves.Directions:

For

this

part,

you

are

allowed

15

minutes

towrite

the

topic

sentences

(only

in

English)

and

developing

sentences

(can

be

Chinese)

following

the

outline

given

below

in

Chinese

Should

English

classes

Be

Compulsory

forstudents?1.目前,英語(yǔ)課是大學(xué)生必修課之一2.有人卻認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)課不應(yīng)該被視為必修課3.你的看法….

1.

These

days

English

is

taken

as

one

ofcompulsory

courses

in

universities.What=1)上課2)考試;Why好處

2.

However,

some

firmly

believe

that

Englisshould

not

be

treated

as

required.

Theyargue+壞處.

3.

Personally,

I

suppose

regarding

English

aa

compulsory

course

is

indispensable.

For

on

thing,…For

another,…

Last

but

not

least,…What好處1)證書(shū)2)與外國(guó)人交流3)知識(shí)…壞處1)耗時(shí)2)忽視了專(zhuān)業(yè)3)資源浪費(fèi)5

&

6

語(yǔ)言語(yǔ)言精練=

難詞

+

復(fù)雜句子結(jié)構(gòu)?誤區(qū)2

詞越難越好中小學(xué)詞匯,流傳千古

e.g.

…你能合理使用難詞,

我們印象當(dāng)然好;但問(wèn)題是

1)

記得住嗎???會(huì)用嗎?能讓人看懂嗎?考生詞匯使用不合適,我們感覺(jué)馬馬虎虎,考生很多詞匯使用不合適,我們看得稀里糊涂 解決方式:

只需換掉最常見(jiàn)的惡俗詞匯怎么換?

未完待續(xù)…2010年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文Due

attention

should

be

given

to

spelling1.

如今不少學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中不重視拼寫(xiě)

Nowadays,

many

students

don’t

payattention

to

spelling

in

learning

english.

Wthey

try

to

memorize

some

new

words,

theyignore

spelling.

As

a

result,

they

often

makmistakes

in

spelling

words.--11分檔官方范文2009年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文Creating

a

Green

Campus1.

建設(shè)綠色校園十分重要

Nowadays,

many

people

have

noticed

that

ourliving

environment

is

becoming

worse.

Theclimate

is

warmer,

the

sea

level

is

higher

anthe

pollution

is

more

serious.

So

we

have

totry

our

best

to

stop

it,

and

one

thing

wemust

do

is

creating

a

green

campus.--11分檔官方范文誤區(qū)3

句子越復(fù)雜越好你能合理使用復(fù)合句,我們印象當(dāng)然好;但問(wèn)題是

1)

句式用對(duì)了嗎?2)

合理嗎?

英語(yǔ)中使用1個(gè)復(fù)合句,是為了不用幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句,是為了更簡(jiǎn)潔;

而我們很多人,使用復(fù)合句,是為了使用復(fù)合句,是為了更復(fù)雜;明明1句簡(jiǎn)單句能說(shuō)清楚的話(huà),非要用1個(gè)復(fù)合句.解決方式:1)

合理使用本身結(jié)構(gòu)地道的精選模塊句子;2)

用完了模塊句,剩下的,不會(huì)用復(fù)合句就用簡(jiǎn)單句~5

文章語(yǔ)言—如何使用”萬(wàn)能句型”?所謂的萬(wàn)能模塊,并不可能真正萬(wàn)能;不同文章的提綱要求不同,配套的模塊自然也不同;

如果死記他們后張冠李戴,讓閱卷者看得稀里糊涂,還如不用;正確的使用方式:

根據(jù)提綱要求,使用配套的模塊模塊有3種“文章”模塊;

“段落”模塊;

“句子”模塊哪種實(shí)用?句子模塊顯然比段落/文章模塊實(shí)用

題目3個(gè)提綱,每個(gè)都可以提出不同的要求;唯有事先準(zhǔn)備好每個(gè)可能的要求所需要的模塊,才能應(yīng)對(duì)提綱不同的要求獨(dú)孤9塊

(1文章模塊+8句模塊)1文章模塊?分析真題

2006.12對(duì)比選擇型文章磚家推薦:

搞最佳方式:文章模塊磚家點(diǎn)評(píng):

對(duì)比選擇型文章中,其3段分別是1)

正方觀(guān)點(diǎn)2)

反方觀(guān)點(diǎn)3)

我的觀(guān)點(diǎn)四級(jí)作文中結(jié)構(gòu)上最容易操作的一種;1)

When

it

comes

to

主題,

there

isno

complete

agreement

among

people(there

is

no

consensus

of

views

amongpeople).

Some

argue

that

觀(guān)點(diǎn)1.

For

their

parts,

觀(guān)點(diǎn)1的理由1;

In

addition,

theyassume

觀(guān)點(diǎn)1的理由2.

2)

Others,

however,

take

an

oppositeside,

firmly

believing

that

觀(guān)點(diǎn)2.

Theyhold

觀(guān)點(diǎn)2的理由1;

Besides,

they

maintain觀(guān)點(diǎn)2的理由2;選擇型表達(dá):

(推薦)

3)

Weighing

up

these

two

arguments,

Iam

in

favor

of

the

former/latter

one.

Forone

thing,

個(gè)人觀(guān)點(diǎn)依據(jù)1;

for

another,

個(gè)人觀(guān)點(diǎn)依據(jù)2.

結(jié)尾句:

(Taking

above-mentioned

factors

into

consideration,

itreasonably

concluded

that

重申個(gè)人觀(guān)點(diǎn).)磚家計(jì)算:

模塊字?jǐn)?shù)=

64趨中表達(dá):

(不推薦)

My

own

experience

tells

me

that

bothsides

are

partly

reasonable.

For

one

thin個(gè)人觀(guān)點(diǎn)依據(jù)1;

for

another,

個(gè)人觀(guān)點(diǎn)依據(jù)2Should

English

classes

Be

Compulsory

for

students?1.

有人認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)課應(yīng)該被視為必修課,2.

有人卻不這么認(rèn)為3.

你的看法….

When

it

comes

to

English

class,

there

is

noconsensus

of

views

among

people.

Some

argue

thatregarding

English

as

a

compulsory

course

isindispensable

(necessary).

For

one

thing,

觀(guān)點(diǎn)1的理由?(證書(shū)/找工作);

In

addition,

they

assume觀(guān)點(diǎn)1的理由2(交流/個(gè)人長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展)

Others,

however,

take

an

opposite

side,

firmlybelieving

that

it

should

not

be

treated

as

required.They

hold

觀(guān)點(diǎn)2的理由1

(可以自學(xué)/耗時(shí));

Besides,

theymaintain

觀(guān)點(diǎn)2的理由2

(忽視專(zhuān)業(yè));Weighing

up

these

two

arguments,

I

am

in

favorof

the

former/latter

one. For

one

thing,

個(gè)人觀(guān)點(diǎn)依據(jù)(自學(xué)壓力不夠);

for

another,

個(gè)人觀(guān)點(diǎn)依據(jù)2

(通過(guò)課堂了解西方文化).

(Taking

above-mentioned

factors

intoconsideration,

it

is

reasonably concluded

that

重申個(gè)觀(guān)點(diǎn).)寫(xiě)作課程1-2節(jié)復(fù)習(xí)決定1篇作文的3方面?結(jié)構(gòu),內(nèi)容,語(yǔ)言文章結(jié)構(gòu)

&

文章內(nèi)容1篇文章分幾段?3段文章3段?文章3段←3點(diǎn)中文提綱??1個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英文段=?1段=

1個(gè)主題句

+

1~3個(gè)拓展句新題型作文=10篇,1篇=對(duì)比選擇型議論文分析真題:2010.12,2010.06,2009.06,2008.12,2008.06,2007.12,2006.06第1段:

現(xiàn)象描述(現(xiàn)狀說(shuō)明)

70%第1段:

★“現(xiàn)如今”的過(guò)渡詞:At

present;

Presently;In

recent

years;

lately;

Recently;Now;

Nowadays;

These

days;Due

Attention

Should

Be

Given

to

Spelling1.如今不少學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中不重視拼寫(xiě)出現(xiàn)這種情況的原因這種現(xiàn)象導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果Due

Attention

Should

Be

Given

To

Spelling

Nowadays,

students

attach

less

importance

to

the

spelling

owords

in

the

process

of

English

study.

This

phenomenon

greatlyinfluences

students’

writing

and

brings

on

worries

among

teacher?There

are

possibly

three

reasons

contributing

to

thisphenomenon.

First,

exam-oriented

education

makes

the

students

payless

attention

to

spelling.

Second,

some

teachers

should

also

beresponsible

for

it

because

they

don’t

emphasize

the

importance

ospelling

during

teaching.

Last

but

not

least,

some

students

are

tolazy

to

recite

words.?Since

spelling

is

one

of

the

most

important

factors

in

Englistudy,

due

attention

should

be

given

to

it.

As

for

me,

I

think,

fiexams

should

be

modified

to

add

some

factors

into

it,

which

wouldhelp

students

pay

more

attention

to

spelling.

Then,

schools

shoulalso

set

effective

mechanisms

to

help

teachers

as

well

as

thestudents

to

realize

the

importance.

Finally,

for

students

themselthey

can,

through

other

ways,

make

them

be

interested

in

wordspelling.

Only

by

these

can

we

surly

realize

the

importance

ofspelling

and

make

improvement.2010年12月份英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試已經(jīng)結(jié)束，此次考試的作文題是：How

should

Parents

Help

Children

to

Be

independent?目前不少父母為孩子包辦一切為了讓孩子獨(dú)立,父母應(yīng)該……????How

Should

Parents

Help

Children

to

Be

Independent?Today

in

China,

many

families

have

only

one

child.

So

the

childrenusually

doted

upon

by

all

family

members.

Gradually

some

of

them

getused

to

depending

on

their

parents

and

family

members,

as

a

resultthey lack

the

ability

to

face

their

lives

by

themselves.There

are

some

ways

to

help

children

to

be

independent.

First,the

child

should

have

a

chance

to

see

the

world

around

him

individuallyto

understand

that

there

are

various

people

and

competitions

in

theirlives,

and

learn

to find

his

right

position

in

the

society

only

byindividual

efforts.

Second,

it

is

impossible

to

ask

a

child

not

to

depenon

parents

at

once.The

parents

may

give

the

child

enough

help

andspace

to

make

him

feel

comfortable.

A

child

needs

help

from

theirfamilies.

Because

without

any

help,

the

child

may

lose

his

faith.Thirdly,

parents

can help

their

children

make

their

own

decisions,which

can

challenge

his

ability

to

deal

with

problems.

A

child

should

bepraised

when

he

is

successful

or

encouraged

when

he

fails.To

be

independent

is

vital

for

the

children,

because

no

parentscan

go

with

their

children

for

the

whole

life.

Only

an

independentperson

can

live

and

enjoy

a

full

and

meaningful

life.1.目前不少父母為孩子包辦一切

Recent

years,

a

topic

of

how

should

parentshelp

children

to

be

independent,

which

hasaroused

widely

public

attention.

As

far

as

I

am

concerned

that

is

right

in

asense,

which

parents

do

every

things

fortheir

children.

Because

of

the

children

isparent’s

all

things.

However,

I

am

favor

of

parents

should

help

children

to

beindependent

as

soon

as

possible.結(jié)構(gòu):

1個(gè)主題句

+

幾個(gè)拓展句?內(nèi)容:

圍繞著”父母為孩子包辦一切”?語(yǔ)言=

出彩

+

不出錯(cuò)?第1段

現(xiàn)象描述(現(xiàn)狀說(shuō)明)磚家點(diǎn)評(píng):

文章開(kāi)頭不建議使用模塊原因1)

第1段第1句=翻譯或改寫(xiě)第1點(diǎn)中文提綱原因2)

不同現(xiàn)象,描述肯定不一樣;怎么會(huì)有1個(gè)萬(wàn)能句子來(lái)描述所有不同的現(xiàn)象呢原因3)

一開(kāi)始就出套路,給我們印象不好;分析真題:

2009.12第1段

原因淺析

(無(wú)需例舉)

10%磚家點(diǎn)評(píng):

如果第1段談原因,就不要例舉;原因1)

第1段不宜過(guò)長(zhǎng);原因2)

提綱一般也不會(huì)有例舉原因的要求;推薦3句拓展句的前半部分,(后半部分無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè))Part

of

the

explanations

for

it

is

that…

Perhaps

the

primary

(main)

cause/factor/reason(for

this)

is

that…The

phenomenon

largely

(mainly)

arises

from

/results

from/stems

from???the

fact

that…分析真題:

2009.06第1段

目的

(好處例舉);

10%推薦3句拓展句:…with

the

aim

of

(doing)

sth.

N.The

primary

aim

is

to

do

sth.

N.(It)

is

aimed

at

(doing)

sth.

V.

E.g.

It

(The

free

admission

to

the

museums)is

aimed

at

expanding

citizens’

knowledgeand

brodending

their

horizons.(enrich

their

lives;

cultivate

their

minds)分析真題:2010.06;

2007.12;

2006.06第2段

原因例舉

30%推薦3句主題句:

A

number

of

factors

might

account

for/contribute

to/lead

to

the

phenomenon促成

Several

factors

may

account

for

suchphenonmenon.

The

reasons

accounting

for

this

phenomenonare

vaired.★“舉例”過(guò)渡詞第1:

above

all;

for

one

thing;

of

all

things;第2:

additionally;

besides;for

another;

furthermore第3:

at

last;

eventually;

finally;

last

but

not

leas無(wú)需舉例過(guò)渡詞的原因例舉的套路1個(gè):

1)

One

of

the

most

common

causes/

factors/reasons

is… 2)

Another

contributing??cause/factor/reason

is

that…起作用的3)

…is

also

responsible

for

the

phenomenon.是…的原因分析真題:

2009.06;

2008.12;

2008.06第2段

問(wèn)題例舉

(壞處例舉)

30%★“轉(zhuǎn)折”的過(guò)渡詞:However;

in

contrast;

nevertheless;on

the

other

hand;

unfortunately;

whereas推薦2句主題句:主題

(it)

has

brought

lots

of

problems.It

may

give

rise

to

a

host

of

problems.無(wú)需舉例過(guò)渡詞的1個(gè)套路:

1)

The

immediate

consequence

it

producesis……

2)

It

also

causes…★“總結(jié)”的過(guò)渡詞

as

a

consequence;

consequently;

as

a

result;hence;

therefore;

thus;

as

has

been

noted;

in

brief;

in

conclusion;

tsum

up;分析真題:

2009.06;

2008.06;

2007.12;第3段

個(gè)人看法(歸納結(jié)論);

40%推薦3句主題句的前半句:Personally,

I

suppose…As

for

my

own

idea,As

regards

me,

I

supposeAs

far

as

I

am

concerned,(有點(diǎn)土)分析真題:

2008.12;

2006.06第3段

意義&好處(內(nèi)容=例舉好處)

20%意義2句主題句:It

really

makes

sense

to…It

is

highly

meaningful/

significant

to…好處3句主題句:

It

has

the

following

benefits.

(profit,strength;

superiority)

n.It

benefits

us

much.

V.It

is

highly

beneficial

to

us.

Adj.?分析真題:

2010.12;

2010.06;2009.12;第3段

建議措施

30%為了讓孩子獨(dú)立,…;

為了建設(shè)綠色校園,…;(In

order)

to

do

sth;

In

order

to

be

+

adjFor

+

N.E.g.

To

help

children

to

be

independent=?For

children’s

independence為了改變這種狀況,??To

alter

this

situation,To

reverse

the

trend,后半句It

is

time

+

S

+

V-ed

1)

It

is

high

time

the

authoritiesconcerned

took

proper

actions/

measures/steps

to

overcome

the

difficulties

(totackle

the

problems)

of

+

主題

we

areconfronted

with.

we

should

appeal

to

the

authoritiesconcerned

to

take

proper

actions

to

tacklthe

problems

+

主題

we

are

confrontedwith.

2)

As

for/regards/to

us,

we

collegestudents

should

enhance/cultivate

theawareness

that

this

issue

of

+

主題

is

vi?for

us.建議措施結(jié)尾句Only

in

this

way

can

sth

be

done.

Only

through

these

ways

can

this

problembe

tackled.

With

joint

efforts

of

all

parts

concernedI

believe

the

problem

will

be

tackledthoroughly.降龍八掌

(8大句模塊)第1段:1)現(xiàn)象描述(現(xiàn)狀說(shuō)明);←不用模塊2)目的例舉(=好處);(It)

is

aimed

at

(doing)

sth.

V.

E.g.

It

is

aimed

at

expanding

citizens’knowledge

and

broadening

their

horizons.(enrich

their

lives;

cultivate

their

minds)3)原因淺析(無(wú)需例舉);Perhaps

the

primary

cause/factor(for

this)

is

that…第2段:1)原因例舉;

The

reasons

accounting

for

this

phenomenon

arevaired.★“舉例”過(guò)渡詞第1:above

all;for

one

thing;of

all

things第2:additionally;besides;for

another;第3:eventually;finally;last

but

not

least;2)問(wèn)題例舉(壞處例舉);★“轉(zhuǎn)折”的過(guò)渡詞:however;

unfortunately;

whereas;It

may

give

rise

to

a

host

of

problems.第3段:★“總結(jié)”的過(guò)渡詞consequently;

hence;

therefore1)個(gè)人看法(歸納結(jié)論);As

regards

me,

I

suppose…2)意義例舉(=好處);It

really

makes

sense

to…3)建議措施;

(1)

we

should

appeal

to

the

authorities

concerned

totake

proper

actions

to

tackle

the

problems+主題we

are

are

confronted

with.(2)As

for

us,

wecollege

students

should

cultivate

the

awarenessthat

this

issue

of+主題is

vital

for

us.?2010年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文Due

attention

should

be

given

to

spellin1.如今不少學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中不重視拼寫(xiě)2.出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因是……3.為了改變這種狀況,我認(rèn)為…???

These

days,

a

large

number

of

students

fail

topay

due

attention

to

spelling

in

English

learning.

Imay

give

rise

to

a

host

of

problems

ofcommunication

in

their

essays.Several

factors

may

account

for

suchphenomenon.

In

the

first

palce,

the

spelling

is

nottested

in

English

examinations.

additionally,

it

isstudents

themselves

that

ignore

the

importance

ofcorrect

spelling.

To

reverse

the

trend,

joint

efforts

are

needed.For

one

thing,

It

is

high

time

the

authoritiesconcerned

took

proper

actions

to

tackle

theproblems

of

+

spelling

we

are

confronted

with.

Asfor

us,

we

college

students

should

enhance

theawareness

that

this

issue

of

+

correct

spelling

isvital

for

us.萬(wàn)能句型(語(yǔ)言模塊)小結(jié):使用原則:

根據(jù)提綱要求使用配套模塊;萬(wàn)萬(wàn)不可強(qiáng)行使用;質(zhì)疑:

每個(gè)人都用模塊,怎么辦?答復(fù):

1.

使用人數(shù)比例合理使用人數(shù)比例合理使用發(fā)揮到極致人數(shù)比例寫(xiě)作課程1-3節(jié)復(fù)習(xí)決定1篇作文的3方面?結(jié)構(gòu),內(nèi)容,語(yǔ)言文章結(jié)構(gòu)

&

文章內(nèi)容文章3段怎么來(lái)?文章3段←3點(diǎn)中文提綱1個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英文段=?1段=

1個(gè)主題句

+

1~3個(gè)拓展句步驟1?主題句=

翻譯(改寫(xiě))中文提綱

(步驟1);步驟2?拓展句=

從what/why/how三方面思考

(步驟2)文章語(yǔ)言不出彩+不出錯(cuò)?多出彩+很多錯(cuò)?馬虎多出彩+少出錯(cuò)? 多出彩+不出錯(cuò)?清爽

&

漂亮步驟3?語(yǔ)言使用:

多出彩,少出錯(cuò)

(步驟3)1)

如何出彩?(1)

“萬(wàn)能”句型根據(jù)提綱要求,使用配套的模塊(2)

替換惡俗詞匯E.g.

very

important,

I

think,

→?2)

如何少出錯(cuò)? 稍后分析~英語(yǔ)作文十大惡俗表達(dá)排行榜

10)

some

people

agree....

other

peopleagree......

I

agree.....上榜指數(shù):★★★

上榜原因:some和others就能代替人,無(wú)需

people

簡(jiǎn)潔原則

agree建議替換詞:appreciate,argue

for;approve

of;favour;support

disagree建議替換詞:argue

against;disapproof;object

to;oppose;實(shí)際運(yùn)用:

Some

argue

that

觀(guān)點(diǎn)1,while

others

take

an

opposite

sidefirmly

believing

that

觀(guān)點(diǎn)29)

With

the

development

of

.........

play

an

important

role

in

.....上榜指數(shù):★★★☆

上榜原因:土包子模板;四六級(jí)萌生之初時(shí)用的湊字?jǐn)?shù)的開(kāi)頭套句

什么隨著社會(huì)發(fā)展,隨著科技發(fā)展,隨著全球化的發(fā)展…….誰(shuí)誰(shuí)要扮演一個(gè)重要角色…建議:

別用了8)

for

example上榜指數(shù):★★★☆上榜原因:很常見(jiàn)建議替換詞:

case,

illustration實(shí)際運(yùn)用:

A

case

in

point

is

that……;

……is

often

cited

as

an

(another)illustration.7)

Firstly....

Secondly......Thirdly......上榜指數(shù):★★★☆上榜原因:很常見(jiàn)建議替換詞:

above

all;

for

one

thing;

of

all

things;begin

with;

to

start

with;

additionally;

for

another;

furthermore;

the

next

place;

moreover;in

the

last

place;

finally;

last

but

not6)

like上榜指數(shù):★★★★上榜原因:俗到不想用建議替換詞:

favour

(favor),

enjoy,be

fond

of,

care

for5)

very

important上榜指數(shù):★★★★上榜原因:太常見(jiàn)

建議替換詞:

considerably,

highly,remarkably,

utterly

建議替換詞:

essential,

fundamental,significant,

weighty4)

because

&

because

of上榜指數(shù):★★★★上榜原因:太常見(jiàn)because

conj.+句子

建議替換詞:

as;

considering

that;

for;

inrespect

that;

since;

in

thatbecause

of

adv.+名詞

建議替換詞:

by

reason

of;

for

the

sake

ofon

account

of;

on

the

ground

of3)

good

&

bad;上榜指數(shù):★★★★☆上榜原因:用這2個(gè)詞的考生在我手里沒(méi)有過(guò)

6分的~建議替換詞

有益的:

beneficial;

constructive;profitable;

rewarding;有害的:

damaging;

destructive;

detriment harmful;2)

I

think

&

In

my

opinion上榜指數(shù):★★★★☆上榜原因:每次都能見(jiàn)到它,受不了了;

think比較口語(yǔ)化要命的是opinion還經(jīng)常被寫(xiě)錯(cuò)

建議替換詞:

argue,

assume,

believe,consider,

hold,

maintain,

suppose

建議替換詞組:

As

far

as

I"m

concerned;For

my

part;

In

my

judgement;

In

my

view;1)more

and

more.....越來(lái)越多上榜指數(shù):★★★★★

上榜原因:惡俗表達(dá)之首好記字?jǐn)?shù)多適宜中考使用建議替換詞:

Increasing(ly)實(shí)際操作:

More

and

more

people→A

growing

number

of

people;An

increasing

number

of

people;更好的結(jié)構(gòu):??People

in

a

growing

number…People

in

an

increasing

number…6

文章語(yǔ)言—注意常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)作文8大經(jīng)典嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤FUNNY

CHINGLISHwatch

sister;

go

ahead

;

colour

wolfGive

you

little

color

to

see

seePeople

mountain

people

seaHow

are

you

?

how

old

are

you??8

漢化

(見(jiàn)課本P51-52

第7條)嚴(yán)重指數(shù)

★★★My

level

of

English

has

thus

been

improved

Nowdays

young

people

who

seek

to

go

abroadare

becoming

more

and

moreSmoking

will

do

harm

to

our

bodyWe

should

put

our

hearts

into

the

study7

贅言

(見(jiàn)課本P51

第6條)嚴(yán)重指數(shù)

★★★

In

my

opinion,

I

believe

the

free

medicalsystem

is

in

need

of

reform

People

try

to

find

a

solution

to

slove

theproblem

Many

visitors

who

visit

our

city

have

theimpression

that

there

are

few

trees

in

thestreet

The

reason

why

people

choose

to

live

in

thecountry

is

because

there

is

no

pollution

nornoise

thereI

have

to

rewrite

my

composition

again6

搭配錯(cuò)誤

(見(jiàn)課本P51

第5條)嚴(yán)重指數(shù)

★★★

However

the

speed

of

a

car

is

much

fasterthan

that

of

a

bicycle

In

the

past

the

price

of

milk

was

soexpensive

that

most

families

could

notafford

it

We

should

study

as

much

knowledge

aspossible

so

that

we

can

be

fully

prepared

forthe

future

Crowded

traffic

in

some

large

cities

is

a

biproblem

for

city

dwellershigher;

high;

acquire/get;

heavy5

詞類(lèi)混淆嚴(yán)重指數(shù)

★★★★It

can

influence

the

clean

of

museums

(09.06)Do

exercise

is

beneficial

to

our

health.

(93.01←

V.

&

N.

cleanness;

主語(yǔ)doing…as

it

is

safe

and

relax

(03.06)←

V.

&

adj.

Relaxing

The

black

man

was

hit

by

a

car

when

he

acrossthe

street.

(03.06)←

V.

&

adv.

crossed

/

went

across

Some

argue

that

reading

should

beselection.

(99.06)

Honest

is

so

important

for

everyone.(03.01)←

N.

&

adj.

selective

We

can

acquire

knowledge

effectivethrough

reading

(99.06)←

adj.

&

adv.

effectively4

指代嚴(yán)重指數(shù)

★★★★1)偷梁換柱

If

we

cheat

others,

friends

will

never

belieyou

and

they

will

leave

you

alone

(03.01)us

,

us,

If

you

cheat

others,

…2)不會(huì)使用代詞

some

people

think…,

but

some

people

think…(06.12)

Some

argue

that

觀(guān)點(diǎn)1,

while

others

takean

opposite

side,

firmly

believing

that

觀(guān)2Exercises見(jiàn)課本P50-51At

the

age

of

six,my

father

began

togive

me

English

lessons(第2條第3題)

When

I

was

six,……The

price

of

milk

isn’t

higher

thangrain(第3條第2題)……..than

that

of

grainSometimes

teachers

will

inform

students

ofthe

heavy

burden

they

have

to

bear(第1條第

1題)……….the

heavy

burden

the

students