2023-2024學(xué)年北京西城區(qū)八中高三（上）期中英語試題及答案

2023北京八中高三（上）期中英語(考試時間分鐘，滿分100分)第一部分：知識運(yùn)用共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的、B、、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。MakingMyOwnBicycleItwasaSaturdaymorning.JamesandIattheBambooBicycleClub,readyforourbamboobicyclebuildingcourse.Thefirststepwassettingupthestructureforholdingtheframe(骨架)inplace.Afterthatweweretold___1___thebambootobeuse,whichwasadelicatejob.Therewereseveralthingsto___2___.course,findingpiecesthatwerethecolorwewantedwasjustasimportant.Therestoftheafternoonwasspent___3___eachpieceoftheframeintostructure.Bambooisfairlyflexible,andthisparticular___4___meantthatsomeadjustmentswerereallyOneproblemliningupthetwochainscauses___5___madeourframeuseless.aftersomecareful___6___,weconfirmedthatwasalright.Therewasjustenoughspacefitawheel.OnSundaymorningwereturnedtotheworkshoptocompletethefinal___7___.begantotightlywrapeachjointontheframe,tokeepit___8___withnaturalfiberskeptspecialglue.AllthatwasleftnowwasittoInahourswewouldbemembersoftheBambooBicycleClub.Finallywefinishedourjob.I___9___ourbicycletofindoutwhatitwasreallyliketorideabamboobicycle.Itfeltjustas____10____asanybicycle,butsofterandmorerelaxed.everytimeIgetonourbicycle,Ihelpsmiling.ItremindsmeofwhenJamesandIbuiltitandmakesmeproudofmyself.1.A.return2.A.bring3.A.fixing4.A.angleB.coverC.deliverC.takeoverC.leavingC.qualityC.seldomC.preparationsC.judgementC.firmD.selectD.giveawayD.mixingD.stageB.watchforB.changingB.positionB.almostB.requestsB.commandB.heavy5.A.onlyD.still6.A.checks7.A.report8.A.smooth9.A.10.A.complicatedD.linksD.processD.slimB.testC.seekD.equipD.capableB.accurateC.suitable第二節(jié)(共小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。MiarushedhomeandthrewopenthefrontHermotherturnedaround,surprisedthatMiawashomefromschool“Iwonfirstplaceinthecontest!”shesaidprideandraisedherhead,expectingpraise.ThoughMia___12___(work)eagerlyonherartsubmissionforweeks,hermothersure___13___heprojectinvolved.wonderful,Mia!Whatwasthesubjectofyourartproject?”hermotherasked.SmilingfromearMiahandedoverherartwork.ItwasaportraitofherB閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。InJune2012,firstmanneddeep-seasubmersible(潛水器),Jiaolong,setaworlddivingrecordsubmersiblesofitskindbyreachinga____14____(deep)of7,062metersintheMarianathePacificOcean.In2017,ChinasuccessfullytestedasubmersiblecalledShenhaicapableofdiving4,500meters.____15____muchofequipmentwasimported,about95percentofShenhaiandallitscorecomponents____16____(produce)saidXuQinan,thechiefdesignerofJiaolong.C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Nearlydecades____17____(pass)sinceChinasentthefirstBeidousatelliteintospacein2000.Duringthattime,Beidousatellitesweresentintoorbit(軌道),____18____(form)theBeidouNavigationSatelliteSystem(BDS).Inlate2012,itbeganprovidingpositioning,navigation,timingandmessaging____19____(service)topeopleChinaandotherpartsoftheAsia-Pacificregion.Attheendof2018,BDSstartedserveusersworldwide.NowwithtwomoreBeidousatellites____20____(launch)onDec16,2019,BDShas53satellitesinorbit.第二部分：閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、B、、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATHESTUDIESCENTREYOURSOURCEOFREFERENCEFORKNOWLEDGETheIOCOlympicStudiesCentreistheworldsourceofreferenceOlympicknowledge.Ourmissionistosharethisknowledgewithprofessionalsandresearchersthroughprovidinginformation,givingaccesstoouruniquecollections,enablingresearchandstimulatingintellectualexchange.AspartoftheIOC,weareuniquelyplacedtocollectandsharethemostup-to-dateandaccurateinformationonOlympism.OurcollectionsincludetheIOCarchives(檔案),thepublicationsoftheIOCandtheOrganizingCommitteeoftheOlympicGamesaswellasbooks,articlesandjournals.HEREHELPWhateveryourinterestintheOlympicMovement—academicorprofessional—wewillhelpyoufindtheinformationneed,quicklyandhereto:Answeryourquestions:sharefactualandhistoricalinformation,GamesresultsandstatisticsGivepersonalizedguidance:helpyoufindwhatyouneedourextensivelibraryandarchivesLendyoubooksandpublications,eveninternationallyGiveyouonlineaccess:toourelectronicdocumentsgrants:toPhDstudentsandestablishedresearchersConnectyoutoournetwork:ofacademicexpertsinOlympicstudiesJointheacademiccommunityinterestedinOlympicstudiesOneofourkeyrolesistofacilitatecommunicationandcooperationbetweentheandtheinternationalacademiccommunityinordertopromoteresearchandstimulateintellectualexchange.Thisworldwidecommunityismainlycomposedofover40OlympicStudiesCentersandhundredsofindividualscholarsanduniversitystudentsworkingonacademicprojectsrelatedtothefieldofOlympicstudies.Thankstothisregularexchangeandtheworkconductedbytheacademics,weenrichtheOlympicknowledge,sharenewanalysisonkeytopicsrelatedtheOlympicMovementandcanprovideguidancetouniversitieswishingtolaunchinitiativesonOlympicstudies.JoinouracademicmailinglistUniversityprofessorsandresearchersareinvitedtojoinouracademicmailinglistbeinformedaboutourfutureactivitiesandotherupdatesconcerningOlympicstudiesinitiatives.join,emailuswithabriefdescriptionofyouracademicstatusandyourfullcontactdetails.VISITUSfindusnextdoortotheOlympicMuseuminLausanne,Switzerland.openMonday9am5pm,exceptonpublicholidaysandonChristmas.needanappointmenttousethelibraryandthestudyrooms.youwouldliketoseethehistoricalarchivesorneedpersonalguidancetofindyourwayaroundourcollections,pleasefilloutourvisitorrequestform.21.TheOlympicStudiesCentermainlyaimsto________.A.givepersonalizedguidanceB.provideresourcesontheOlympicsC.receiveOlympicfansacrosstheworldD.updateinformationonOlympism22.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheacademiccommunity?A.ItisorganizedbyOlympicofficials.B.Itlaunchesprojectsatuniversities.C.Itpromotesacademicexchanges.D.Itprovideselectronicdocuments.23.Ifyouwanttovisittheyouhaveto________.A.filloutavisitorrequestformC.makeanappointmentB.entertheOlympicMuseumD.arriveonworkdaysBKylieKirkpatrickwasgettingreadyworkwhenher9-year-oldson,Kyote,burstintoherbedroom.TheNapa,California-basedthird-graderhadjustwatchedanewsstoryaboutakindergartenstudentIndianawhowasforcedtoreturnherschoollunchbecauseheraccountbalancecoverthemeal.wasupset,”Kirkpatricktold.said,‘Mom,howdoessomethinglikethishappen?’Thenheaskedwhathecoulddotohelp.”Afterabitofbrainstorming,Kyote—pronounced“coyote”—decidedhewouldusesixmonths’worthofallowancehehadsaveduppaythelunchdebtofhisentireclassatParkElementarySchool.billcameupto$74.50.ThoughKyotehadbeeneyeballinganewpairofbasketballsneakers,thiswasfarmoreimportanttohim.So,onMay24,hehappilydonatedhissixmonthsofsavingstheNapaUnifiedSchoolDistrictfoodservicesdepartment.toldthem,‘PleaseletmyfriendsknowthattheynolongeroweanyKirkpatrickrecalled.“Lunchishisfavoritepartofthedayanditbrokehisheartthinkthatastressfultimeforsomechildren.”Thefourth-grader-to-bewantedhisactofkindnessbeunknowntoothers,buthisproudmotherresistsharingaphotoonwhereitspread“Givethiskidhismoneyback.Nochildshouldbecoveringlunchdebtforhisclasswithhisallowance,”wroteoneperson.Addedanother:“LovethisSpecialkid.”PracticinggooddeedsisnothingnewforKyote.“I’llgointothegarageandbikeismissingbecausehegaveittoafriendinneed,”Kirkpatrick,asign-languagetold.“Onetime,afriendhaveanyshoesthatfit,sogavehimapairofhisshoes.”aninvestorgotwindofwhatKyotehaddoneforhisclassmatesandhecontactedKirkpatrick.“Hewantedgivemoneytoputhissavingsaccount,”said.Kyote,whorecentlylosthisfathertoALS,hadanotheridea.toldthemantopayitforward,”Kirkpatricksaid.“SohemadeadonationtotheALSAssociation.IevenbegintotellyouwhatthatmeanttoAllhewantsistomaketheworldabetterplace.”24.Insteadofbuyinganewpairofsneakers,wasmoreconcernedabout________.A.hisschoollunchB.hisaccountbalanceC.hissixmonthsofsavingsD.hisclassmates’lunchdebt25.WhatdoweknowaboutKyotefromthepassage?A.Hetriedbesttohelphisfriendsinneed.B.HeresistsharinghisphotosonC.HeacceptedadonationfromtheALSAssociation.D.Heagainstnegativereviewsonsocialmedia.26.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.Lifeisalwaystoughforschoolchildren.B.Akidcanmakeadifferenceintheworld.C.SocialmediacanmakeyoungpeopleD.Friendshipisanimportantpartofbeingayouth.CAlthoughithasbeenrevealedinrecentyearsthatplantsarecapableofseeing,hearingandsmelling,theyarestillusuallythoughtofassilent.forthefirsttime,theyhavebeenrecordedmakingultrasoniccrieswhenstressed,whichresearcherssaycouldopenupanewfieldofprecisionagriculturewherefarmerslistenwater-starvedcrops.ItzhakKhaitandhiscolleaguesUniversityIsraelfoundthattomatoandtobaccoplantsmadecriesfrequencieshumanscannothearwhenstressedbyalackofwaterorwhentheirstemiscut.Microphonesplacedcentimetresfromtheplantspickedupsoundstheultrasonicrangeof20to100kilohertz,whichtheteamsaysinsectsandsomemammalswouldbecapableofhearingandrespondingtofromfaras5metresAmothmaydecideagainstlayingeggsonaplantthatsoundswater-stressed,theresearcherssuggest.Plantscouldevenhearthatotherplantsareshortofwaterandreacttheyspeculate.Onaverage,drought-stressedtomatoplantsmade35soundswhiletobaccoplantsmadeWhenplantstemscut,tomatoplantsmadeanaverageof25soundsinthefollowingandtobaccoplants15.Unstressedplantsproducedfewerthansoundperonaverage.Itisevenpossibledistinguishbetweenthesoundstoknowwhatthestressis.researcherstrainedamachine-learningmodeltodiscriminatebetweentheplants’soundsandthewind,rainandothernoisesofthegreenhouse,correctlyidentifyinginmostcaseswhetherthestresswascausedbydrynessoracut,basedontheintensityandtobaccoappearsmakeloudersoundsthancuttobacco,forexample.Enablingfarmerstolistenwater-stressedplantscould“openanewdirectioninthefieldofprecisionagriculture”,theresearcherssuggest.Theyaddthatsuchanabilitywillbeincreasinglyimportantasclimatechangeexposesmoreareastodrought.“Thesuggestionthatthesoundsthatdrought-stressedplantsmakecouldbeusedprecisionagricultureseemsfeasibleifitisnottoocostlytouptherecordinginafieldsituation,”saysAnneattheRoyalBotanicGardens,inUK.Shewarnsthattheresultsyetbebroadenedouttootherstresses,suchassaltortemperature,becausethesemaynotleadsounds.Inaddition,therehavebeennoexperimentstoshowwhethermothsoranyotheranimalcanhearandrespondthesoundstheplantsmake,sothatidearemainsspeculative（推測的）forshesays.27.TheexperimentbyresearchersatUniversityshowsthat_______.A.tobaccoplantsmakeloudersoundsthantomatoplantswhenhurtB.water-hungrytomatoplantsaremoresensiblethantobaccoplantsC.unstressedplantsproducedsoundsoflaughterwhenbeingwateredD.plantsrespondtothesoundstheplantsmakeandprotectthemselves28.WhatisAnneattitudetowardsthefindingoftheexperiment?A.AppreciativeB.DoubtfulC.CautiousD.Optimistic29.Itcanbelearntfromtheresearchthat________.A.greenhouseeffectscanbeavoidedB.soilconditioncanadjustedintime.C.plantconditioncanbediagnosedD.insectscanbedetectedandremoved30.Whatisthebesttitleforthearticle?A.PlantsGetStressedJustLikeUsB.PlantsScreaminPresenceofStressC.SoundsofPlantsDetectedFarD.SoundsofPlantsBreakFarmers’HeartsDUpskillingisthefuture—butitmustworkforeveryoneAutomationandjobreplacementwillbeoneofthemostsignificantchallengesforglobaleconomyofthecomingdecades.A2017Mckinseyreportestablishedthat375millionworkerswillneedswitchoccupationalcategoriesby2030.TheEconomicForumsuggeststhatby2022,automationwillreplace75millionjobsglobally—butcreate133millionnewones.Researchintothelikelihoodthatajobwillbeimpactedbydigitizationhasfocusedonthe“automatability”oftheroleandthefollowingeconomicregionalandpoliticalofthis.Whatthisresearchtakeintoaccountissomethingmoreimportantthemillionsoftaxidriversandretailworkersacrosstheglobe:theirlikelihoodofbeingabletochangeanotherjobthatautomatable.Recentresearchsuggeststhattheanswertothismaybethattheskillsthatenableworkerstomoveuptheladdertomorecomplexroleswithintheircurrentareasmightbelessimportantthanbroaderskillsthatwillenableworkerstochangeacrossdivisions.InAmazonannouncedthatwouldspend$700millionretrainingaround30%ofits300,000workforce.Whileitwillbeinterestingtotheoutcome.IntheUK,theNationalRetrainingSchemehasbeenledbyemployers,meaningthatthoseonzero-hourscontractsandpart-timeworkers—oftenlow-skilled—willmissout.Governancewillbeacrucialelementofensuringthatsuchschemesfocusonindividualsandlife-longlearning,ratherthanupskillingworkersintorolesthatwillsoonalsofaceautomation.AccordingtheMckinseyreport,“growingawarenessofthescaleofthetaskaheadhasyettotranslateintoaction.Publicspendingonlabour-forcetrainingandsupporthasfallenforyearsinmostmembercountriesoftheOrganisationEconomicCo-OperationandDevelopment,”whichimpactsmorethanjustthelow-skilledandpoorlycompensated.Theglobalimpactofautomationisalsoputintoreliefbyresearchdemonstratingthat,between1988and2015,incomeinequalityincreasedthroughouttheworld.BillionsofpeopledonothavetheessentialsoflifeasdefinedbytheUNSustainableDevelopmentgoals.Alongsideclimatechange,automationisbiggestchallenge.Aswithglobalization,governmentsandemployers—andusworkers—ignoreitspotentialconsequencesatriskourselves.31.ItcanbeknownfromParagraph2that.A.recentresearchhasfoundwaystofaceautomationB.broadskillsareofgreatsignificanceinchangingjobsC.regionaleconomycantheautomatabilityofajobD.itisevenharderforworkerstomoveupthesocialladder32.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsretrainingprograms?A.Supportive.C.Skeptical.B.Critical.D.Sympathetic.33.Accordingtothewhatisoneconsequenceofautomation?A.Lessspendingtraining.C.SocialunrestandB.Aslowdownofglobalization.D.Anincreaseinincome34.Thepassageiswritten.A.theofcreatingnewjobsC.analyzetheautomatabilityofcertainjobsB.compareglobalizationwithautomationD.stresstheimportanceofupskillingworkers第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。OptimismBias(偏見)Whileweoftenliketothinkofourselvesashighlyrationalandlogical,researchershavefoundthatthehumanbrainissometimestoooptimisticforitsowngood.Ifyouwereaskedtoestimatehowlikelyyouareexperienceillness,jobloss,oraccident,youlikelytounderestimatetheprobabilitythatsucheventswilleverimpactyourlife.___35___Thisbiasleadsusbelievethatwearelesslikelyfrommisfortuneandmorelikelytoattainsuccessthanrealitywouldsuggest.believethatwewillliveandthatwewillbemoresuccessfulinlifethantheaverage.___36___Theoptimismbiasisessentiallyamistakenbeliefthatourchancesofexperiencingnegativeeventsarelowerandourchancesofexperiencingpositiveeventsarehigherthanthoseofourpeers.Andthisoverlypositiveassumptionmeanthatwehaveoverlysunnyoutlookonourownlives.___37___Peoplemightskiptheiryearlyphysical,notweartheirseatbelt,orfailtoputonsunscreenbecausetheymistakenlybelievethattheyarelesslikelytogetsick,getanaccident,orgetskinCognitiveneuroscientistSharot,authorofOptimismBias:AoftheIrrationallyPositiveBrain,notesthatthisbiasiswidespreadandcanseeninculturesallovertheworld.Sharotalsosuggeststhatwhilethisoptimismbiascanattimesleadtonegativeoutcomeslikefoolishlyengagingriskybehaviorsormakingpoorchoicesaboutyourhealth,itcanalsohaveitsbenefits.___38___Ifweexpectgoodthingstohappen,wearemorelikelybeThisoptimismcanactasaself-fulfillingBybelievingthatwewillbesuccessful,peopleareinfactmorelikelytobesuccessful.___39___Afterall,ifwebelievethatwecouldachievesuccess,whywouldevenbothertrying?Optimistsarealsomorelikelytotakemeasurestoprotecttheirhealthsuchasexercising,takingvitamins,andfollowinganutritiousdiet.A.Optimismalsomotivatesustopursueourgoals.B.Butwearealsohighlymotivatedtobesooptimistic.C.Butdefinitelynoteveryoneisblessedwithsuchluck.D.Thisisbecauseyourbrainhasabuilt-inoptimismbias.E.Itcanalsoleadtopoordecision-making,whichcansometimeshavedisastrousresults.Thisoptimismenhanceswell-beingbycreatingasenseofanticipationaboutthefuture.G.causesmayleadtotheoptimisticbias,includingcognitiveandmotivationalfactors.第三部分：書面表達(dá)共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第、41題各2分，第題3分，第43題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。DigitalInclusionOlderAdultsAsaresearcherinthebehaviorofolderadults,Iregularlyhearcomplaintsfromthemlike,“I’mjustnotpartofthisworldanymore.IncertainpartsofIjustjoin…SomethingsjustnotpossibleifyouarenotintheflowoftheInternet.”orfeellikewe’restandingoutsideabuildingthatwehavenoaccessto.”masteringdigitaltechnologyhasbecomeakeycomponentofwhatitmeanstofullyparticipateButoneareaparticularthreatenstopreventsomeolderadultsfrommakingconnections:thedigitaldivide.Asarecentstudyshows,one-thirdofadultsaged65andoldersaythey’veneverusedtheInternet,andhalfhaveInternetaccessathome.OfthosewhodousetheInternet,nearlyhalfsaytheyneedsomeonehelptosetuporuseanewdigitaldevice.Incontrastconcernsabouttechnologyuseincreasingisolation(孤立；隔離)amongyoungerpopulations,thecommunicationandconnectionpossibleonlinecanbeespeciallyvaluableforolderadultswhoarehomebound,livefarawayfromorhavelostthelovedones.Olderadultscanuseonlinetoolstoconnectwithfriendsandfamilyviamessagingplatforms,videochat,andsocialmediaeveniftheycannolongerphysicallyvisitthem.Andtheycanengagewiththeoutsideworldthroughnews,blogs,streamingplatforms,email,eveniftheyarenolongerablemoveaboutaseasilyastheyoncecould.Forolderadultsintherisksassociatedwithsocialisolationareprofound.Lonelinessamongolderadultshasbeenassociatedwithdepression,functionaldecline,anddeath.canserveasimportanttoolhelpreducetheserisks,butonlyifweprovideolderadultswiththeskillstheyneed,tomakeinclusioninthedigitalworldaccessiblethem.Theimportanceofdigitalinclusionisnotgoingtodisappearwiththegenerationalchangesofthecomingdecades.iscontinuouslydeveloping,andwitheachnewdigitalinnovationcomechallengesevenyoungeradultstoadapt.40.Whatpreventssomeolderadultsfromconnectingwithsociety?41.WhatdothestatisticsinParagraph3indicate?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplain●Enablingolderadultstoaccessthedigitalworldcanhelpthemandfunctionaldecline.43.Pleasebrieflypresentyouropiniondigitalinclusion.(about)第二節(jié)(20分)44.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三(1)班班長李華。你班即將在12月3日國際殘疾人日(InternationalofPersonswithDisabilities)開展關(guān)愛殘疾人活動。請你給交換生Jim寫一封電子郵件邀請他參加，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動目的及安排；2.邀請參加。注意：1.1002.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua參考答案第一部分：知識運(yùn)用共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.D2.B3.A4.C5.B6.A7.D8.C9.B10.D【分析】這是一篇記敘文。一個星期六的早晨，作者和詹姆斯在竹制自行車俱樂部，準(zhǔn)備他們的竹制自行車建造課程。文章講述了制作過程和感受?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在那之后，我們被告知要挑選可用的竹子，這是一項(xiàng)精細(xì)的工作。A.return返回；B.cover覆蓋；C.deliver遞送；D.select挑選。根據(jù)“tobeofuse”可知，此處是指挑選出可用的竹子。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：有幾件事需要注意。A.bringin引進(jìn)；B.watchfor注意；C.takeover接管；D.giveaway贈送。根據(jù)“whichwasadelicatejob”可知，因?yàn)檫@個工作很精細(xì)，所以有幾件事需要注意。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：下午剩下的時間都用來固定框架的每一塊到結(jié)構(gòu)上。A.fixing固定；B.changing改變；C.leaving離開；D.mixing混合。根據(jù)“eachpieceoftheframe”和“intothestructure”可知，此處是指固定框架的每一塊到結(jié)構(gòu)上。故選A?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：竹子是相當(dāng)靈活的，這種特殊的質(zhì)量意味著一些調(diào)整是非常必要的。A.angle角度；B.position位置；C.quality質(zhì)量；D.stage舞臺。根據(jù)“Bambooisfairlyflexible”可知，this子的特質(zhì)。故選C?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：連接這兩條鏈子導(dǎo)致的一個問題幾乎讓我們的框架無用。A.only只有；B.almost幾乎；C.seldom很少；D.still仍然。根據(jù)“Luckily”可知，最后問題解決了，所以是幾乎讓我們的框架無用。故選B?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不過，幸運(yùn)的是，經(jīng)過一些仔細(xì)的檢查，我們確認(rèn)它沒有問題。A.checks檢查；B.requests要求；C.preparations準(zhǔn)備；D.links連接。根據(jù)“confirmed”可知，此處是指通過仔細(xì)的檢查確認(rèn)沒有問題。故選A?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：周日上午，我們回到車間完成最后的工序。A.report報告；B.command命令；C.judgement判斷；D.process工藝流程。根據(jù)“wereturnedtotheworkshop”可知，此處是指完成最后的工序。故選D?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們開始把每個連接處都緊緊地包裹在框架上，用天然纖維和特殊膠水粘合牢固。A.smooth光滑的；B.heavy沉重的；C.firm牢固的；D.slim苗條的。根據(jù)“begantotightlywrapeachjointontheframe”可知，此處是指把它粘牢。故選C。【9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我迫不及待地想試試我們的自行車，看看騎一輛竹制自行車到底是什么感覺。A.充電；B.test測試；C.seek尋找；D.equip配備。根據(jù)“tofindoutwhatitwasreallyliketorideabamboobicycle”可知，此處是指試試自行車。故選B。【10題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它感覺和任何自行車一樣好用，但更柔軟、更放松。A.complicated復(fù)雜的；B.accurate精確的；C.suitable適合的；D.capable有能力的。根據(jù)“asanybicycle”可知，這輛自行車雖然是竹子做的，但是和其它自行車一樣好用。故選D。第二節(jié)(共小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】with12.hadworked/worked13.what【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，描述了米婭在藝術(shù)比賽中得第一名（她的作品是一張媽媽的畫像）后回到家告訴媽媽這一好消息時的情景?！绢}詳解】考查介詞。句意：“我在藝術(shù)比賽中得了第一名！”她驕傲地說。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合句意可知此處需要用“with+抽象名詞”作伴隨狀語，表示“驕傲地”，故填with?！?2題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：盡管米婭已經(jīng)為她提交的這個藝術(shù)作品忙活了好幾個星期，她的母親卻不知道她在忙什么。事情發(fā)生在過去，應(yīng)該用一般過去時，也可理解成動作發(fā)生在過去的過去，用過去完成時，故填hadworked/worked。【13題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意同上，此處為賓語從句，從句中的involved缺少賓語，故填what?！敬鸢浮?4.depth15.Though16.wereproduced【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了2012年6月，中國首艘載人深海潛水器“蛟龍?zhí)枴痹谔窖篑R里亞納海溝下潛7062米，創(chuàng)造了同類潛水器下潛的世界紀(jì)錄?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：2012年6月，中國首艘載人深海潛水器“蛟龍?zhí)枴痹谔窖篑R里亞納海溝下潛7062創(chuàng)造了同類潛水器下潛的世界紀(jì)錄。分析句子可知，此處為固定短語adepthof，意為“……深”，滿足句意要求，所以此處為名詞depth的填入。故填depth?！?5題詳解】考查讓步狀語從句。句意：“蛟龍”號的首席設(shè)計師徐啟南說，雖然“蛟龍”號的大部分設(shè)備都是進(jìn)口的，但“神海永世”的大約95%及其所有核心部件都是國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)的。分析句子可知，此處為連詞Though表示“雖然”引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，滿足句意要求。故填Though?！?6題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：“蛟龍”號的首席設(shè)計師徐啟南說，雖然“蛟龍”號的大部分設(shè)備都是進(jìn)口的，但“神海永世”的大約95%及其所有核心部件都是國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)的。分析句子可知，此處為謂語動詞的填入，主語components為復(fù)數(shù)名詞和動詞produce為被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合上下文時態(tài)可知，此處應(yīng)為過去時，所以為一般過去時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。故填wereproduced?！敬鸢浮?7.havepassed18.forming19.services20.launched【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了自2000年中國將第一顆北斗衛(wèi)星送入太空以來，已經(jīng)過去了近20年。在此期間，更多的北斗衛(wèi)星被送入軌道，形成了北斗導(dǎo)航衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)(BDS)?！?7題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：自2000年中國將第一顆北斗衛(wèi)星送入太空以來，已經(jīng)過去了近20年。分析句子可知，此處為謂語動詞的填入，結(jié)合該句since可知，應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時，主語twodecades為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，所以為動詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填havepassed?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在此期間，更多的北斗衛(wèi)星被送入軌道，形成了北斗導(dǎo)航衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)(BDS)。分析句子可知，此處為非謂語動詞作狀語，form和邏輯主語Beidousatellites為主動關(guān)系，所以為現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填forming?！?9題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。句意：2012年底，該公司開始向中國和亞太地區(qū)其他地區(qū)的用戶提供定位、導(dǎo)航、授時和信息服務(wù)。根據(jù)句意以及上文“positioning,navigation,timingandmessaging”可知，此處服務(wù)不止一種，故應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填services?！?0題詳解】考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：隨著2019年12月日又發(fā)射兩顆北斗衛(wèi)星，北斗系統(tǒng)在軌衛(wèi)星總數(shù)達(dá)到53顆。分析句子可知，此處為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，所以其動詞應(yīng)為非謂語形式，launch和Beidousatellites為被動關(guān)系，所以為過去分詞形式。故填launched。第二部分：閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共小題;每小題2分，共28分)【答案】21.B22.C23.D【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹奧林匹克研究中心?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句TheIOCOlympicStudiesCentreistheworldsourceofreferenceforOlympicknowledge.“國際奧委會奧林匹克研究中心是世界奧林匹克知識的參考來源?！庇纱丝芍?，奧林匹克研究中心的主要目標(biāo)是提供有關(guān)奧林匹克的資源。故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JoinacademiccommunityinterestedinOlympicstudies中OneofourkeyrolesisfacilitatecommunicationandcooperationbetweentheIOCandtheinternationalacademiccommunityordertopromoteresearchandstimulateintellectualexchange.“我們的主要作用之一是促進(jìn)國際奧委會和國際學(xué)術(shù)界之間的交流與合作，以促進(jìn)研究和促進(jìn)智力交流?！庇纱丝芍P(guān)于學(xué)術(shù)界，它促進(jìn)學(xué)術(shù)交流。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)VISITUS中findusnextdoortotheOlympicMuseuminLausanne,Switzerland.openMondayto9amto5pm,exceptonpublicholidaysandonChristmas“我們就在瑞士洛桑奧林匹克博物館隔壁。我們周一至周五上午9點(diǎn)至下午5點(diǎn)營業(yè)，公眾假期和圣誕節(jié)除外?！庇纱丝芍?，如果你想?yún)⒂^這個中心，你必須在工作日到達(dá)。故選D?！敬鸢浮?4.D25.A26.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了9歲的瑞恩用他攢了6個月、準(zhǔn)備用來買運(yùn)動鞋的零用錢來支付全班同學(xué)的午餐費(fèi)用，而且他還把自己的自行車送給了一個有需要的朋友，他這么做只是想讓世界變得更加美好。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Afterabitofbrainstorming,Kyote—pronounced“coyote”—decidedhewouldusesixmonths’worthofallowancehehadsaveduptopaythelunchdebtofhisentireclassatParkElementarySchool.”（經(jīng)過一番頭腦風(fēng)暴，瑞恩·喬特決定用他攢下的六個月的零花錢來支付西園小學(xué)全班同學(xué)的午ThoughKyotehadbeeneyeballinganewpairofbasketballsneakers,thiswasfarmoreimportanthim.起買一雙新運(yùn)動鞋，瑞恩更關(guān)心的是同學(xué)們的午餐費(fèi)用。故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Afterabitofbrainstorming,Kyote—pronounced“coyote”—decidedhewouldusesixmonths’worthofallowancehehadsavedpaythelunchdebtofhisentireclassatParkElementarySchool.”（經(jīng)過一番頭腦風(fēng)暴，瑞恩·喬特決定用他攢下的六個月的零花錢來支付西園小學(xué)全I(xiàn)’llgointothegarageandbikeismissingbecausehegavetoafriendinneed,盡力幫助有困難的朋友。故選A項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及最后一段中“Allhewantsistomaketheworldabetterplace.”（他只想讓世9歲的瑞恩用他攢了6個月、準(zhǔn)備用來買運(yùn)動鞋的零用錢來支付全班同學(xué)的午餐費(fèi)用，而且他還把自己的自行車送給了一個有需要的朋友，他這么做只是想讓世界變得更加美好，由此可知，這篇文章是想告訴我們一個小孩的善行也會對世界產(chǎn)生重大影響。故選B項(xiàng)。【答案】27.B28.C29.C30.B【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了，一項(xiàng)研究表明，植物在壓力下會發(fā)出超聲波叫聲，這可能會開辟一個精確農(nóng)業(yè)的新領(lǐng)域，讓農(nóng)民們傾聽缺水作物的聲音?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“Onaverage,drought-stressedtomatoplantsmade35soundsanwhiletobaccoplantsmade”（平均來說，干旱壓力下的番茄植株每小時發(fā)出35個聲音，而煙草植株每小時發(fā)出個B項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段“Thesuggestionthatthesoundsthatdrought-stressedplantsmakecouldbeusedinprecisionagricultureseemsfeasibleifitisnottoocostlytouptherecordinginafieldsituation”（干旱壓力下植物發(fā)出的聲音可以用于精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)的建議，如果在田間條件下設(shè)置錄音成本不太高的話，這一建議似乎是Shewarnsthattheresultsyetbebroadenedouttootherstresses,suchassaltortemperature,becausethesemaynotleadsounds.Inaddition,therehavebeennoexperimentstoshowwhethermothsoranyotheranimalcanhearandrespondtothesoundstheplantsmake,sothatidearemainsspeculative（推測的）forshesays.”（她警告說，研究結(jié)果還不能擴(kuò)大到其他壓力，如鹽或溫度，因?yàn)檫@些可能不會導(dǎo)致聲音。此外，她還說，目前還沒有實(shí)驗(yàn)證明飛蛾或其他動物是否能聽到并對植物發(fā)出的聲音做出Anne對實(shí)驗(yàn)的發(fā)現(xiàn)抱有謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段中的“Butforthefirsttime,theybeenrecordedmakingultrasoniccrieswhenstressed,whichresearcherssaycouldopenupanewfieldofprecisionagriculturewherefarmerslistenwater-starvedcrops.”（但現(xiàn)在，有人首次記錄到它們在壓力下會發(fā)出超聲波叫聲，研究人員說，這可能會開辟Theresearcherstrainedamachine-learningmodeltodiscriminatebetweentheplants’soundsandthewind,rainandothernoisesofthegreenhouse,correctlyidentifyinginmostcaseswhetherthestresswascausedbydrynessoracut,basedontheintensityand”（研究人員訓(xùn)練了一