2022-2023學年甘肅省蘭州某中學高二上學期期末英語試題 （解析版）

蘭州一中2022-2023-1學期期末考試試題

高二英語

（滿分：150分限時：120分鐘）

第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分；滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。

聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Attheman'shouse.B.Inagrocery.C.Inarestaurant.

2.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrowmorning?

A.Sunny.B.Windy.C.Rainy.

3.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?

A.WatchTV.B.Calltheirmother.C.Takethechildrenout.

4.Whatdoesthemanmean?

A.Thephysicalexercisesaretoohard.

B.Heisn'tinterestedinphysicalexercises.

C.Studentsaren'tingoodphysicalcondition.

5.Howdidtheboygethomefromschoolyesterday?

A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bybike.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中

選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Wheredoesthemanwanttowork?

A.Atapostoffice.B.Atamuseum.C.Atacollege.

7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?

A.Havesomethingtodrink.

B.Listentothenewsreport.

C.Writesomeletters.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whenwastheflightsupposedtotakeoff?

A.At8:00a.m.B.At11:00a.m.C.At2:00p.m.

9.Whatwillthespeakersfailtododuetothedelayoftheflight?

A.TourSydney.B.Attendameeting.C.Visitsomecustomers.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.WhyJustineshouldtakenotes.

B.WhatJustinecandotoimprovehergrades.

C.HowtodownloadmaterialsfromtheInternet.

11.WhydoesthemanaskJustinetocheckouthiswebpage?

A.Tofindoutthelecturenotes.

B.Tolookforanswerstoherquestions.

C.Todownloadherhomeworkafterclass.

12.WhatdoesthemansuggestJustinedo?

A.Trytomakealectureherself.

B.Answerquestionsbeforeclass.

C.Readthebookaheadoftime.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Whatisthewoman'sadvice?

A.Getcheapchairsatastreetmarket.

B.Buyatleastthreechairs.

C.Sitonpackingcases.

14.Whatdayisittoday?

A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.

15.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobuy?

A.Acase.B.Aguidebook.C.Curtains.

16.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewomanintheend?

A.Envious.B.Pleased.C.Upset.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?

A.Topersuadelistenerstojoinaclub.

B.Totelllistenershowtochooseaclub.

C.TogiveageneralintroductiontoanEnglishclub.

18.WhomistheEnglishclubaimedat?

A.Thosewhohaven'tlearnedEnglishbefore.

B.ThosewhowanttoimprovetheiroralEnglish.

C.ThosewhowanttomakesomeEnglishfriends.

19.Whatisheldeachmonth?

A.Singingcompetitions.

B.Englishperformances.

C.EnglishCornerdiscussions.

20.WhatdoweknowabouttheEnglishclub?

A.ItoffersEnglishfilmsfromaroundtheworld.

B.Studentshavetopaytojoinit.

C.Ithasitsownwebsite.

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該

選項涂黑。

A

Theworld'scraziestfestivals

Crazyfestivalsallovertheworldareouttherejustwaitingtobecelebrated.JoinCorneliaKumfertonatripto

themostunusualeventstakingplacearoundtheglobe.

BurningManFestival

EveryyearinNevada（US）thereisartworkandcunositiesgaloretomarvelatwhentheBlackRockDesert

changesintoamammothartexhibition.

InAugustandSeptember,some70,00peoplecomeheretoceletratetheBurningManFestival.

SanDiegoComicCon

Surelysuperheroesdon'tqueue?Well,atSanDiego'sComicConventiontheydo.EachJulyheyopentheirdos

tofansofSupermanandothercomicfigures.Morethan100,000annualvisitorshavepaidhomagetotheirmythical

heroes.

CryingBabyFestival,Tokyo

AttheCryingBabyFestivalinTokyo(Japan),sumowrestlersdowhattheycantobringbabiestotears.

Sadistsrunriot?Certainlynot!It'sa400-year-oldtraditionbasedonaJapaneseproverb,whichsaysthatcrying

babiesgrowfastestandparentsbelievetheeventbringsgoodhealthtotheirchildren.

PalioContest,Siena

FameandhonourawaitthewinnerofthePaliocontestinSiena(Italy).

InJulyandAugust,teninhabitantsofdifferentdistrictsofthecityjockeyforfirstplaceinaspectacularhorse

race.

Thetrophygoestothecontestantwhosehorsecrossesthefinishinglinefirst-whetherhe'sstillinthesaddleor

not.

1.Whichofthefestivalsoffersaviewofart?

A.BurningManFestival.B.PalioContest,Siena.

C.CryingBabyFestival,Tokyo.D.SanDiegoComicCon.

2.HowwasthefestivalinTokyofounded?

AOnthebasisofaproverb.B.Basedonaphrase.

C.Accordingtoastory.D.Attherequestofthepublic.

3.WhatcantouristsseeinSienaofItalybetweenJulyandAugust?

A.Aburningmanshow.B.Acomedyplay.

C.Ahorserace.D.Ababy-cryingshow.

【答案】l.A2.A3.C

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了世界上幾個最瘋狂的節(jié)日的活動地點及內容。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BurningManFestival部分中“EveryyearinNevada（US）thereisartworkandcuriositiesgalore

tomarvelatwhentheBlackRockDesertchangesintoamammothartexhibition.（每年在內華達州（美國），當黑

巖沙漠變成一個龐大的藝術展覽時，都會有大量的藝術品和珍品讓人驚嘆）”可知，在BurningManFestival

這個節(jié)日期間可以欣賞到藝術品。故選A。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CryingBabyFestival,Tokyo部分中“It'sa400-year-oldtraditionbasedonaJapanese

proverb（它是一個有著400年傳統(tǒng)基于日本的一句諺語而產生的節(jié)日）”可知，日本的CryingBabyFestival

這一節(jié)日來源于諺語。故選A。

【3題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PalioContest,Siena部分中“InJulyandAugust,teninhabitantsofdifferentdistrictsofthecity

jockeyforfirstplaceinaspectacularhorserace.（7月和8月，該市不同地區(qū)的十名居民在一場壯觀的賽馬中爭

奪第一名）”可知，游客們7、8月在意大利的錫耶納可以看到賽馬。故選C。

B

WhenFrankHerbertorderedpizzafromPizzaHuts,hewassurprisedthatJudit,atsuchanoldage,workedasa

deliverydriver.That'swhenthe89-year-oldmanfirstcameintothesightoftheHerbertfamily.JuditNeweystarted

deliveringpizzainRoy,Utah,tohelppaythebills,ashissocialsecuritybenefits（社會保障金）weren'tenoughto

liveon.FromthemomenttheHerbertsheardhimsay,"Hello,areyoulookingforsomepizza,"Juditfoundhisway

intotheirhearts!

Eversincethatday,whenevertheyplaceanorder,theyaskforJuditpersonally.Itdidn'ttakelongforthemto

beginrecordingtheirsweetmeetingsandsharethemonTikTok,whichishowthousandsofotherpeoplefellinlove

withJudit.Still,hisfanscouldn'thelpbutwonderwhysomeoneathisagewasworkingsohard——questionthe

Herbertfamilywasaskingthemselvestoo.TheyspokewithJudit,andwhentheyfoundoutheworks30hoursaweek

tomakeendsmeet,theydecidedtocollectdonationstomakehislifeeasier.Theyfiguredanythingwouldhelp,but

thetotalsumwhichisupto$12,000reallysurprisedthem!

InSeptember,thecoupledecidedtoswitchthingsupbyshowingupatJudit'sdoorwithacoupleofgifts.First,

theysurprisedhimwithacutecartoonshirtofhimselfholdingapizzabox.Thentheyrevealedthesurprisingactof

generositythatbroughthimtotears!TheyexplainedthattheyhadralliedtheirTikTokcommunitytosupporthim,and

whilehe*snotentirelysurewhattheplatformis,hecouldn'tbemorethankful.

“Howdoeversaythankyou?Idon'tknowwhattosay,Mhetoldthem."Idon'tknowwhattosay,exceptthank

you."TheHerbertsinsistedtheywerejustthemessengers.Itwashisfanswhomadethewonderfulgiftpossible.Plus,

thewaytheyseeit,theyYejustrepayingJuditforhiskindness.

4.WhatdidJuditNeweymeanbysaying"Hello,areyoulookingforsomepizza/'?

A.Hewassellingpizza.B.Hewasdeliveringpizza.

C.TheHerbertsweremakingtheorder.D.TheHerbertslostsomepizza.

5.WhydoesJuditNeweyhavetodeliverpizzaatsuchanoldageof89?

A.Tohelppeopleinneed.B.Toraisemoneyforthepoor.

C.Tovolunteerinacharity.D.Tomakehisliving.

6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?

A.ThemoneytheHerbertsraisedwasbeyondtheirexpectations.

B.TheHerbertsaskedTikTokforhelptorecordtheirmeeting.

C.JuditwasverythankfulbecauseofthesupportfromTikTok.

D.Juditworked30hoursaweektoaffordhissocialsecuritybenefits.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheHerberts?

A.Helpfulandwarmhearted.B.Optimisticandwise.

C.Generousandhardworking.D.Kindandtalented.

【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.A

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。主要介紹了一家人給一個89歲、但仍然在工作的老人籌錢幫助他的故事。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段"WhenFrankHerbertorderedpizzafromPizzaHuts,hewassurprisedthatJudit,at

suchanoldage,workedasadelivei-ydriver.”（當弗蘭克赫伯特從必勝客訂購披薩時，他很驚訝朱迪特在這么

大的年紀還當了送貨司機。）可知，JuditNewey通過說“你好，你在找披薩嗎?”說明他在送披薩?故選B項。

【5題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"JuditNeweystarteddeliveringpizzainRoy,Utah,tohelppaythebills,ashissocial

securitybenefits（社會保障金）weren'tenoughtoliveon.（JuditNewey開始在猶他州羅伊市送披薩，以幫助

支付賬單，因為他的社會保障福利不足以維持生計。）可知，僅靠社會保障金，他不足以生存，所以他需要

去送披薩。故選D項。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Theyfiguredanythingwouldhelp,butthetotalsumwhichisupto$12,000really

surprisedthem!”（他們認為任何事情都會有所幫助，但高達12,000美元的總金額確實讓他們感到驚訝?。┛?/p>

知，他們籌的錢超出了他們的預期。故選A項。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Eversincethatday,whenevertheyplaceanorder,theyaskforJuditpersonally.

（從那天起，每當他們下訂單時，他們都會親自要求朱迪特。）可知，這家人很熱心，每次都找JuditNewey

送外賣，通過這樣的方式來幫助他。根據(jù)文章第三段uThentheyrevealedthesurprisingactofgenerositythat

broughthimtotears!”（然后他們揭示了讓他流淚的令人驚訝的慷慨行為?。┛芍@家人糠慨地籌錢給他，

對他很有幫助。故選A項。

C

Peoplehavelongknownthatdogshaveagreatsenseofsmell.Butscientistsweren'tsurewhetherstressed

peoplehadaspecialsmell.Andiftheydid,theyweren'tsurewhetherdogscoulddetectthatsmell.

Alldaylong,ourbodiesgothroughchangesandproducedifferentchemicals.Theycomeoutinourbreathand

sweat,slightlychangingthewaywesmell.Butitwasn'tknownifstresscouldcausechangesthatcouldbedetected.

SoresearchersatQueen'sUniversityBelfast,ledbyscientistClaraWilson,collectedbreathandsweatsamples（樣品）

from36differentpeople.Theygotsampleswhenthepeoplewerecalmandwhentheywerestressed.

Thecalmpartwaseasy.Theyaskedpeopletoreporttheirstresslevel,andmeasuredtheirheartratesandblood

pressure.Thepeoplewereaskedtowipetheirskinwithacleanpieceofcloth.Thentheyhadtoputtheclothsample

inatube（管子）,breatheonithardthreetimes,andsealthetube.

Thenthescientistsaskedareallydifficultmathproblem,andforcedpeopletodoitintheirheadsquickly.They

kepttellingthepeopletohurryup,anddidn'tgivethemanyhelp.Thatlastedforthreeminutes.Thentheresearchers

collectedtwomoresweatandbreathsamples.Theyalsoaskedthepeopleabouttheirlevelofstress,andmeasured

theirheartratesandbloodpressure.Mostpeoplesaidtheyfeltverystressed.Onaverage,theheartrateincreased

fromabout91beatsperminutetoabout105beatsperminute.

Thescientistsusedoneofthestressedsamples,alongwithtwocleanpiecesofcloth,totrainthedogstofindthe

stressedsmell.Thencamethechallenge:thedogshadthreechoices:asamplefromacalmperson,astressedsample

fromthatsameperson,andacleanpieceofcloth.Inall,thedogsdid720ofthesetests.Theycorrectlyidentifiedthe

stressedsampleabout94%ofthetime.

Theresultsmakeitclearthatstressdoeshaveasmellthatdogscandetect.Ms.Wilsonsaysthenewscouldbe

especiallyusefulintrainingservicedogs,sincetheirjobistohelprelievestress.

8.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromparagraph2?

A.One'sbodysmellalmoststaysthesame.

BOurbreathandsweatcontainchemicals.

C.Stressplaysabigroleinone'sbodysmell.

D.Ourbodiesproducechemicalsonlywhenwe'reawake.

9.Whatwasthepurposeofthescientists'behaviorsduringthethreeminutes?

A.Tostresspeopleout.B.Toholdpeopleback.

C.Tocheerpeopleup.D.Tokeeppeopleinterested.

10.Thefiguresinparagraph5aremainlyusedtoshow

A.thedifficultyofthechallenge

B.thecomplexityoftheexperiment

C.thedogsfinishedthechallengequitewell

D.theexperimentneededtobeimproved

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.DogsProvetoHaveaGreatSenseofSmell

B.ItTurnsOutThatStressDoesHaveaSmell

C.ScientistsLearnThatDogsCanSmellStress

D.ResearchShowsThatDogsCanBeStressRelievers

【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.C

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文，文章闡述了科學家們的實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)：人在承受壓力時會釋放與平時不同的氣味,

狗能嗅出這種氣味。

【8題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一、二句"Alldaylong,ourbodiesgothroughchangesandproducedifferent

chemicals.Theycomeoutinourbreathandsweat,slightlychangingthewaywesmell.（一整天，我們的身體都在

經歷變化，產生不同的化學物質。它們從我們的呼吸和汗水中釋放出來，略微改變了我們的氣味。）”可知

我們的呼吸和汗液中含有化學物質。故選B。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句"Theygotsampleswhenthepeoplewerecalmandwhentheywerestressed.（他

們分別在受試者平靜和緊張時抽取樣本。）”可知研究人員采集了人們在平靜和緊張兩種狀態(tài)下的樣本；根

據(jù)文章第三段第一句"Thecalmpartwaseasy.（平靜的部分很容易。）”可知本段是介紹研究人員采集人們平

靜狀態(tài)下的樣本；根據(jù)文章第四段aThenthescientistsaskedareallydifficultmathproblem,andforcedpeopleto

doitintheirheadsquickly.Theykepttellingthepeopletohurryup,anddidn'tgivethemanyhelp.Thatlastedfor

threeminutes.Thentheresearcherscollectedtwomoresweatandbreathsamples.Theyalsoaskedthepeopleabout

theirlevelofstress,andmeasuredtheirheartratesandbloodpressure.Mostpeoplesaidtheyfeltverystressed.（然

后，科學家們問了一個非常難的數(shù)學問題，并強迫人們快速在腦海中做。他們不停地叫人們快點，卻不給

他們任何幫助。這種情況持續(xù)了三分鐘。然后，研究人員又收集了兩個汗液和呼吸樣本。他們還詢問了這

些人的壓力水平，并測量了他們的心率和血壓。大多數(shù)人說他們感到壓力很大。）”結合文章結構分析可知

科學家們那三分鐘的行為目的是給人們施加壓力，以獲取人們在壓力狀態(tài)下的樣本。故選A。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段第二句到段末"Thencamethechallenge:thedogshadthreechoices:asamplefrom

acalmperson,astressedsamplefromthatsameperson,andacleanpieceofcloth.Inall,thedogsdid720ofthese

tests.Theycorrectlyidentifiedthestressedsampleabout94%ofthetime.（接下來的是挑戰(zhàn)：它們有三個選擇

來自冷靜的人的樣本，來自同一個人的壓力樣本和一塊干凈的布。這些狗總共做了720個這樣的測試，它

們對壓力樣本的正確識別率是大約94%o）”以及最后一段第一句"Theresultsmakeitclearthatstressdoeshave

asmellthatdogscandetect.（研究結果清楚地表明，壓力確實有狗能察覺到的氣味。）”可以推斷，文章第五

段中的數(shù)字主要是為了說明狗狗們很好地完成了挑戰(zhàn)。故選Co

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Peoplehavelongknownthatdogshaveagreatsenseofsmell.Butscientistsweren'tsure

whetherstressedpeoplehadaspecialsmell.Andiftheydid,theyweren'tsurewhetherdogscoulddetectthat

smell.（人們早就知道狗有很好的嗅覺。但科學家們不確定壓力大的人是否有一種特殊的氣味。即使他們有特

殊氣味，他們也不確定狗是否能嗅到這種氣味。）”以及下文針對此問題所做的實驗以及獲得的實驗結果“The

resultsmakeitclearthatstressdoeshaveasmellthatdogscandetect.（研究結果清楚地表明，壓力確實有狗能察

覺到的氣味。）”可知，本文主要是介紹科學家們通過實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)：人在承受壓力時會釋放與平時不同的氣味，

狗能嗅出這種氣味，C選項uScientistsLearnThatDogsCanSmellStress（科學家了解到狗可以聞到壓力）“可

以概括全文，適合作為本文的最佳標題。故選C。

D

Somepeoplecanwalkintoaroomandinstantlyputeveryoneatease.Othersseemtomakeleethclenchandeyes

rollnomatterwhattheydo.Asmallbodyofpsychologyresearchsupportstheideathatthewayapersontendsto

makeothersfeelisaconsistentandmeasurablepartofhispersonality.Researcherscallit"affectivepresence”.

Thisconceptwasfirstdescribednearly10yearsagoinastudyledbyNoahEisenkraft,abusinessprofessorat

WashingtonUniversity.Heputbusiness-schoolstudentsintogroups,hadthemregisterforallthesameclassesfora

semester,anddoeverygroupprojecttogether.Thenthemembersofeachgroupratedhowmucheveryothermember

madethemfeeleightdifferentemotions:stressed,bored,angry,sad,calm,relaxed,happy,andenthusiastic.The

researchersfoundthatasignificantportionofgroupmembers^motionscouldbeaccountedforbytheaffective

presenceoftheirpeers.

Itseemsthat“ourownwayofbeinghasanemotionalsignature"，saysElfenbein.

It'sbeenknownforsometimethatemotionsareinfectious.Butaffectivepresenceisaneffectonehasregardless

ofone'sownfeelings——thosewithpositiveaffectivepresencemakeotherpeoplefeelgoodeveniftheypersonally

areanxiousorsad,andtheoppositeistrueforthosewithnegativeaffectivepresence.

Unsurprisingly,peoplewhoconsistentlymakeothersfeelgoodaremorecentraltotheirsocialnetworks—in

Elfenbein^study,moreoftheirclassmatesconsideredthemtobefriends.SectorMadrid,anorganizational-behavior

professor,hasfoundthatleaderswithpositiveaffectivepresencehaveteamsthatarebetteratsharinginformation,

whichleadstocreativity.Inferiorsaremorelikelytovoicetheirideas,too.

However,Elfenbeinnotesthatpositiveaffectivepresenceisn'tnaturallygood.

Psychopaths（精神變態(tài)者）areinfamouslycharmingandmaywellusetheirpositiveaffectivepresencefbr

calculatingends.Neitherisnegativeaffectivepresencenecessarilyalwaysabadthinginaleader-thinkofafootball

coachyellingattheteamathalftime,motivatingthemtomakeacomeback.Shesuspectsthataffectivepresenceis

closelyrelatedtoemotionalintelligencewhichonecanusetocurecancerortobeacriminalmastermind.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“maketeethclench"inParagraph1mean?

A.Makepeopleupsetorangry.B.Makepeoplegladorrefreshed.

C.Makepeoplecomfortableorrelaxed.D.Makepeopleamazedorthrilled.

13.WhydoestheauthormentionElffenbein'sstudyinParagraph5?

A.Tosuggestleadersarebetteratsharinginformation.

B.Toproveleadersalsohavenegativeaffectivepresence

C.Toindicatepositiveaffectivepresencehasagreaterinfluence,

D.Toshowpositiveaffectivepresencecanpromotesocialinteraction.

14.Whatdoyouknowaboutaffectivepresenceaccordingtothetext?

A.Itisfbrcalculatingends.B.Itisadouble-edgedsword.

C.Itisaffectedbyone'sownemotion.D.Itisthepositiveemotionalinfluenceonothers.

15.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AffectivePresence:HowYouMakePeopleFeel

B.EmotionalSignature:WhyEmotionsareInfectious

C.AffectivePresence:NegativePartofYourPersonalities

D.EmotionalIntelligence:BigPartofaffectivePresence

【答案】12A13.D14.B15.A

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項研究，說明“情感在場”對其他人的影響。

【12題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“Butaffectivepresenceisaneffectonehasregardlessofone'sownfeelings—those

withpositiveaffectivepresencemakeotherpeoplefeelgoodeveniftheypersonallyareanxiousorsad,andthe

oppositeistrueforthosewithnegativeaffectivepresence.（但情感存在是一種影響,不管一個人自己的感受如何

——那些有積極情感在場的人會讓其他人感覺良好，即使他們個人感到焦慮或悲傷，而那些有消極情感在

場的人則相反）”可知，有積極情感的人會讓其他人感覺良好，有消極情感的人則相反，從而推知，對應劃

線詞句前文“Somepeoplecanwalkintoaroomandinstantlyputeveryoneatease.（有些人走進房間，可以立刻

讓每個人都放松下來）由此推知uOthersseemtomaketeethclenchandeyesrollnomatterwhattheydo.（有

些人似乎無論做什么都maketeethclench并翻白眼）”中劃線短語應為“使其他人緊張、焦慮不安”的意思。

故選A項。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中KUnsurprisingly,peoplewhoconsistentlymakeothersfeelgoodaremorecentralto

theirsocialnetworks-inElfenbcin'sstudy,moreoftheirclassmatesconsideredthemtobefriends.（不出所料，

那些總是讓別人感覺良好的人在他們的社交網絡中更重要一一在Elfenbein的研究中，更多的同學將他們視

為朋友）”可推知，提到Elfenbein的研究為了表明積極的情感在場可以促進社會互動。故選D項。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段"However,Elfenbeinnotesthatpositiveaffectivepresenceisn'tnaturallygood.（然而，

Elfenbein指出，積極的情感在場并不是想當然的好事）”以及最后一段中"Neitherisnegativeaffectivepresence

necessarilyalwaysabadthinginaleader-thinkofafootballcoachyellingattheteamathalftime,motivatingthem

tomakeacomeback.（對于領導者來說，消極情感在場也不一定總是壞事想想-一個足球教練在中場休息

時對著球隊大喊大叫，激勵他們反擊）”可知，情感在場是一把雙刃劍。故選B項。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)第一—段中“Asmallbodyofpsychologyresearchsupportstheideathattheway

apersontendstomakeothersfeelisaconsistentandmeasurablepartofhispersonality.Researcherscallit'affective

presence，.（一小部分心理學研究支持這樣一種觀點，即一個人給別人的感受是他性格中一致的、可衡量的部

分。研究人員稱之為‘情感在場'）”可知，本文主要介紹了一項研究“情感在場”，即一個人給別人的感受

是他性格中一致的、可衡量的部分。由此可知，A項AffectivePresence:HowYouMakePeopleFeel（情感存在：

你如何讓人們感覺）適合作本文最佳標題。故選A項。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

GrowingFruitTreesintheHomeGarden

Anoldproverbsays,“Thebesttimetoplantatreeistwentyyearsago.Thesecond-besttimeisnow."Ithinkthis

littlepearlofwisdomisespeciallytruewhenitcomestofruittrees.16.Theycanbeexpensiveandthere's

alwayssomuchelsetodo.It'salsoeasytotwistone'slogic:"ItmightbesevenyearsbeforeI'dgetfruit,sowhy

bother?^^Butguesswhat.You'llbewaitingawholelotlongerifyouneverplantthosetrees.Here'smyadvicefor

selectingandgrowingfruittrees.

17

Learnaboutholedepthandwidth,wateringneeds,pruningrequirements.There'splentytolearn.Ifyourtree

doesn'tcomewiththeseinstructions,searchtheinternet.Justbesureyoursourcesarereliable.18.Most

nurseriesshipbasedonappropriateplantingtimeforyourarea;however,ifyou'rebuyinglocally,youneedtolearn

allyoucanaboutfavorableplantingconditions.

Protectyourtrees

Ayoungtree'sbarkisespeciallysusceptibletodamage,yetit'sappealingtohungrydeer.19.Youcan

purchasenetting,tubing,orpaperorburlapwrap.Oryoucanbecreativeandmakeyourowntreeguard.Justbesure

nottoconstrictthetree'strunkbywrappingtootightly.Nothingismoredisappointingthandiscoveringthatjust

beforeyourfruitfullyripened,somethinggottoitbeforeyoudid,sodoremembertoprotectyourfruits.

Beattentive

Fruittreescraveattention,somemorethanothers.Again,researchiscrucialtoseehowmuchcarespecifictrees

require.Allofthemneedmulching,pruning,fertilizing,andregularandfrequentwatering.20.Rigorousfall

clean-upisessential.

Whatrewardsyourfamilywillreapifyouaddfruittreestoyourgarden.There'snotimelikethepresenttoget

started.Justdoit.

A.Don'tputitoff

B.Doyourresearch

C.Ifstooeasytoputoffbuyingandplantingtrees

D.Besafeandusesomekindoftreewraporguard

E.Youalsomustbediligentinprotectingyourtreesfrompestsanddiseases

F.Checkwithyourlocalagriculturalextensionservice

G.Ifsalsoimportanttoknowthebesttimetoplant

【答案】16.C17.B18.G19.D20.E

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要就種植和護理果樹進行了一些說明。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Anoldproverbsays,“Thebesttimetoplantatreeistwentyyearsago.Thesecond-besttimeisnow.^^I

thinkthislittlepearlofwisdomisespeciallytruewhenitcomestofruittrees.（一句古老的諺語說：“種樹的最好時

間是20年前。其次是現(xiàn)在我認為這一智慧尤其適用于果樹）"以及后文"Theycanbeexpensiveandthere9s

alwayssomuchelsetodo.It'salsoeasytotwistone'slogic:"ItmightbesevenyearsbeforeI'dgetfruit,sowhy

bother?^^Butguesswhat.You'Hbewaitingawholelotlongerifyouneverplantthosetrees.（它們可能彳艮貴，而且

總是有很多其他的事情可以做。一個人的邏輯也很容易被扭曲：“我可能要等七年才能吃到水果，所以為什

么要自找麻煩呢？"但你猜怎么著。如果你不種那些樹，你會等得更久）”可知，本句與后文并列都是在說

明種樹的麻煩之處，故C選項“買樹和種樹太容易推遲了”符合語境，故選C。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Learnaboutholedepthandwidth,wateringneeds,pruningrequirements.There'splentytolearn.Ifyour

treedoesn'tcomewiththeseinstructions,searchtheinternet.Justbesureyoursourcesarereliable.（jT解;?同的深度

和寬度，澆水的需要，修剪的要求。有很多東西要學。如果你的圣誕樹上沒有這些說明，可以上網搜索一

下。只是要確保你的消息來源是可靠的）”可知，后文提到了了解洞的深度和寬度，澆水的需要，修剪的要

求，以及要在網上搜索，可見是做好調查研究工作。故B選項“做好調查研究”符合語境，故選B。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Mostnurseriesshipbasedonappropriateplantingtimeforyourarea;however,ifyou'rebuyinglocally,

youneedtolearnallyoucanaboutfavorableplantingconditions.（大多數(shù)苗圃基于您的地區(qū)的適當種植時間：然

而，如果你在當?shù)刭徺I，你需要盡可能了解有利的種植條件）”可知，本句是對最佳種植時間的重要性進行

說明。故G選項“知道最佳種植時間也很重要”符合語境，故選G。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)上文"Ayoungtree'sbarkisespeciallysusceptibletodamage,yetifsappealingtohungrydeer.（幼樹的樹皮

特別容易受到傷害，但對饑餓的鹿卻很有吸引力）”可知，本句應承接上文說明如何保護樹木：使用一些樹

木包裹物或防護物。故D選項“為了安全起見，使用一些樹木包裹物或防護物”符合語境，故選D。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Fruittreescraveattention,somemorethanothers.Again,researchiscrucialtoseehowmuchcare

specifictreesrequire.Allofthemneedmulching,pruning,fertilizing,andregularandfrequentwatering.（果樹渴望

關注，有些果樹比其他果樹更渴望關注。同樣，研究對于了解特定樹木需要多少護理是至關重要的。它們

都需要覆蓋、修剪、施肥和經常澆水）”可知，本段主要是關于如何護理果樹的說明，故E選項“你還必須

勤奮地保護你的樹木不受病蟲害的侵害”符合語境，故選E。

第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最

佳選項。

EarlyoneSaturday,Iheadedtoa“sugardetox（戒糖）“seminaratmygym.

Iwasthereon21orders.MarkHyman,themedicaldirectoroftheClevelandClinic'sCenterfbr

FunctionalMedicine,hadadvisedasugardetoxformeto22visceral（內臟的）fat,whichhesaid

“23awhole