2024年高考英語模擬卷（江蘇卷01）（全解全析）

2024年高考英語第一次模擬考試（江蘇卷01）（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A．Athome.B．Atahospital.C．Atadrugstore.【答案】C【原文】M:Excuseme,I’mlookingforsomethingforastomachache.W:Isee,sir.Howlonghaveyouhadthisproblem?M:Forafewdays.W:Youcouldtrythismedicine.Itmayhelp.ButIthinkyoushouldseeadoctor.2．Whattimeofdayisitnow?A．Morning.B．Afternoon.C．Evening.【答案】B【原文】M:I’vebeenupearlyinthemoming.I’mgettingabittirednow.W:Westillhavealotofworktodo.Doyouwantsomecoffeenow?M:Iwould.ButifIdrinkcoffeearoundthistimeintheafternoon,Ican’tsleepatnight.3．Wherearethespeakers?A．Onaplane. B．Onabus. C．Onaship.【答案】A【原文】M:Miss,istherestilltimeforacupofcoffeeonthisflight?W:Yes,butyouhavetodrinkitfastbecausewe’llbelandinginasecond.4．Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrowprobably?A．Rainy. B．Sunny. C．Windy.【答案】C【原文】M:It’sgoingtorainalldayaccordingtotheweatherforecast.W:Well,andit’stoowindytomorrow,sothatruinsourplantogohiking.Iwashopingtodaywouldbesunny!5．Whatcoststhemostaccordingtothewoman?A．Thecar. B．Therepairs. C．Thedrivinglessons.【答案】B【原文】M:Ihavefinallypassedmydrivingexam!Thedrivinglessonscostsomuchmoney!ItcostmorethantheoldcarIbought.W:Congratulations!Yes,oldcarsarequitecheap—it’sthecostofrepairsthatisthemostexpensivething.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍?！韭牭?段材料，回答第6、7題?！?．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Teacherandstudent. B．Fatheranddaughter. C．Teammates.7．Whatdoesthewomanthinkofscienceintheend?A．Itisdangerous. B．Itisstrange. C．Itisgreat.【答案】6．A7．C【原文】M:OK,taketheliquidandcarefullypouritintothetesttube.Youmustbeverycarefulincaseitburnsaholeinthetable.W:Isn’tthisabitrisky,sir?Mydadisalsoateacherandhesayssciencecanbedangerous.M:Notifwetakecareanddoitcorrectly.Now,onceyouhavepouredalloftheliquidin,waitforittoreact.W:That’sstrange—there’salotofsmokeingoutofthetube!M:Don’tworry—that’ssupposedtohappen.Justkeepwatchingwithyourteammates.Whatelsedoyounotice?W:Thecolorischanging!Ilovescience!【聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。】8．WhyisthewomangoingtoGreece?A．Tovisitafamouspark.B．Toattenduniversity.C．Toseeherfamily.9．Howcanthemanbebestdescribed?A．Aprofessionaltourguide.B．Ahelpfultravelpartner.C．Afriendlystranger.【答案】8．C9．C【原文】M:Hi,Icouldn’thelpnoticingyouhaveamapofSofia.That’sverycool.Ihaven’tseensomeoneusepapermapsinages.W:It’soldfashioned,butIlovepapermaps.Plus,theyareofferedforfreeattheairport.M:Oh,soyoujustarrivedinBulgaria?W:Justtoday!Theuniversityisoutforholiday,soI’mflyingtoGreecetovisitfamily.ButIhavetostayinBulgariafor12hoursbeforemynextflight,soIfiguredI’dexplorethecity!M:Whatluckthatwecouldmeetinthispark!Bulgariaisfamousforyogurt.Trysomewhileyou’rehere—Ihopeyourtripislovely!【聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題?！?0．Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A．Disappointed. B．Tired. C．Excited.11．Whatkindofpaintingsdoesthemando?A．Modempaintings. B．Abstractpaintings. C．Impressionistpaintings.12．Howmuchwasthefamouspaintingworth50yearsago?A．Afewdollars.B．Afewthousanddollars.C．Afewmilliondollars.【答案】10．C11．B12．B【原文】M:Whatagreatgallery！Itwasatiringjourney,butnowIfeelrefreshedhere.Iamgladtoseethesepaintingsinperson.W:Let’sgototheimpressionistsection.Idon’tthinkyou’llbedisappointed.M:I’dliketostartwiththeabstractsection,becausethat’sthekindofartIdoforaliving.W:OK,we’lldothat.Afterthat,theimpressionistsection,andthenthemodemsection.M:Soundsgreat.Oh,lookatthis.Ican’tbelieveIamstandingfacetofacewithsuchafamousworkofart.Howmuchdoyouthinkitisworth?W:Whenitwasfirstpaintedacenturyago,theartiststruggledtosellit.Hesolditforonlyafewdollarsintheend.Even50yearsago,itwasonlyvaluedatafewthousand.M:Ibetitwouldgoforafewmillionnow.W:Youareright.【聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題?！?3．Whatisthemandoing?A．Cooking.B．Exercising.C．Preparingforameeting.14．Howdoesthewomansoundafterlearningtheman’sweightloss?A．Serious.B．Surprised.C．Happy.15．Howdoesthemangettoworknow?A．Bytrain.B．Bybus.C．Bybike.16．Whatwillthemandotohelpthewoman?A．Makesaladsforher.B．Gojoggingwithher.C．Lendabooktoher.【答案】13．A14．B15．C16．C【原文】W:Thatsmellsgood.Whatareyoumaking?M:Mybreakfastfortomorrow.I’vegotaveryearlystarttomorrowmorning.W:Whatareyougoingtodo?M:I’vegotameetingatmypany’sheadoffice.IfIdon’tprepare,IknowI’llendupeatingsomethingunhealthyatthetrainstation.I’vealsomadeasaladtotakewithmeforlunch.W:Wow!You’reveryseriousaboutlosingweight,aren’tyou?M:Iam.AndI’mhappytosayit’sworking!W:Oh,really?M:Yes,I’velostsixpoundssinceIstartedatthebeginningoftheyear.Iweighed180poundswhenIstartedinJanuary.W:That’samazing,andinonlyfourmonths!Haveyoubeenexercisingtoo?M:Yes.Iusedtotakethebustowork,andnowIrideabikeinstead.W:MaybeIshouldtrytolearnfromyou!M:Youdon’tneedtoloseanyweight!W:Imaybeslim,butIeattoomuchjunkfood.AndIdriveeverywhere,evenwhenitwouldbeeasytowalk.M:Well,Icanlendyouthebookthatinspiredme.W:Thatwouldbegreat!Thanks.【聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。】17．Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A．Whenandhowbicyclesbegan.B．Whatasimplemeansoftransportationis.C．Howdidthefirstbicycleappear.18．Whatdoweknowaboutthefirstbicycle?A．Itlookedlikeahorseonawheel.B．Itwaseasytoridebutunfortable.C．Itwasdifficulttorideandunfortable.19．Whendidthebicyclebeeapracticalmeansoftransportation?A．In1790. B．In1861. C．In1900.20．Whydidpeoplelikebicycles?A．Theywereveryfashionable.B．Theywereofthesamepricesashorses.C．Theydidn’tneedtobefedandwereeasytoride.【答案】17．A18．C19．B20．C【原文】M:Doyouknowwhenandhowbicyclesbegan?Well,intheeighteenthcentury,citiesbecamelargerandlarger.Andpeoplemovedfromthecountrysideandsmalltownstothecitiesbecausetherewasmoreworkforthemtodointhecities.OnSundaysandholidays,theylikedtoleavethecitiesandhaveagoodtimeinthecountryside.Butnoteveryfamilyhadahorse.Sopeopleneededasimplermeansoftransportation,andinventorsinmanycountriestriedtosolvethisproblem.Therefore,thefirstbicycle,whichwasverysimple,appearedin1790inFrance.Peoplecalledit“thehorseonwheels”,butitwasdifficulttorideanditalsofeltunfortable.Thenin1861,aftermanyimprovementsbeingmade,bicyclesbecameapracticalmeansoftransportation.Andpeoplelikedbicycles,becausetheywerenotasexpensiveashorses,andbetterstill,theydidn’tneedtobefed.However,theycouldgoanywhereandwereeasytoride.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheBestUSNationalParksYou’veNeverHeardofDryTortugasNationalParkLocated70mileswestofKeyWest,thisgroupofsevenislandsisagreatdestinationtoenjoysomeofFlorida’snature.Theislandsareposedofcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)andsand,andtheyarefamousforthebirdsandsealife.TouristscanalsoenjoyFortJefferson,whichdatesbacktothe19thcentury.TheodoreRooseveltNationalParkTheodoreRooseveltNationalParkisdividedintotwounits,anorthernunitandasouthernunit.Betweenthetwosections,thisparkgivestouriststheopportunitytoexperiencesomeofNorthDakota’suniquescenery,includingtheBadlands,canyons(峽谷)andmore.Thehikingtrails(小徑)allowtouriststoseesomeofthiscountry’snaturalwondersandamazingwildlife.IsleRoyaleNationalParkIsleRoyaleisoneofthespecialparksintheUS.Theislandisonlyaccessiblebyboat.Oncethere,youcanenjoytheuniquewildernessthathasbeenprotectedinaspecialway.Theislandhasabeautifulcoastthatcanbeexploredbyboat.Youcanalsoexploretheislandbyhikingitsmanytrails.Anotheruniquefeatureoftheislandistheshipsthathavebeendestroyedatsea.GuadalupeMountainsNationalParkGuadalupeMountainsNationalParkextendsfromthelowdeserttothehighmountains.Touriststothisparkcanenjoyover80milesoftrailsthroughoutthepark,whichtravelthroughcanyons,woodlands,springs,mountainouswildernessandmore.ItisalsohometotheSaltBasinDunes,whichareanamazingwindsweptlandscape.21．WhatcantouristsdoinTheodoreRooseveltNationalPark?A．Walkalongthehikingtrails. B．Admirecoralreefs.C．EnjoytheSaltBasinDunes. D．SeeFortJefferson.22．HowcantouristsreachIsleRoyaleNationalPark?A．Bytrain. B．Bycar. C．Bywater. D．Byair.23．Whichofthefollowingfeaturesthewindsweptlandscape?A．IsleRoyaleNationalPark. B．DryTortugasNationalPark.C．TheodoreRooseveltNationalPark. D．GuadalupeMountainsNationalPark.【答案】21．A22．C23．D【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了美國的四個國家公園。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheodoreRooseveltNationalPark一節(jié)“Thehikingtrails(小徑)allowtouriststoseesomeofthiscountry’snaturalwondersandamazingwildlife.(徒步旅行可以讓游客看到這個國家的一些自然奇觀和令人驚嘆的野生動物。)”可知，游客在TheodoreRooseveltNationalPark可以體驗這里的遠足線路。故選A。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IsleRoyaleNationalPark一節(jié)“Theislandisonlyaccessiblebyboat.(這個島只能乘船到達)”可知，游客只能通過水路到達IsleRoyaleNationalPark。故選C。23．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GuadalupeMountainsNationalPark一節(jié)“ItisalsohometotheSaltBasinDunes,whichareanamazingwindsweptlandscape.(它也是鹽盆地沙丘的所在地，這是一個令人驚嘆的風吹景觀)”可知，GuadalupeMountainsNationalPark有獨特的風蝕地貌。故選D。BCathyBrennancalmlypaddledherbrightyellowkayak(皮艇)downthePotomacRiver,continuinghervoyage,thelatestofhersolotripsonmajorwaterways.Itwastough,butitallowedBrennantoletgoofeverythingelse,emptyherbrainoftheeverydaychoresandfocusonthenow.“I’minthemoment,lookingatthewaves.”saidBrennan.Thejourneyisaminimaliststyle:sleepingbag,smalltent,rainjacket,changeofclothes,firstaidkit,applesandcheesesticks.Whenshe’sthirsty,shescoopswaterfromtheriversandpumpsitthroughafilter.“Ialwaysdrinktheriver,”shesays.Brennanlovesbeingontherivers,seeingthebaldeaglesabove,deeronthebanksandafascinatingarrayofbugsandinsectsthatneverfindtheirwayintohomes.However,everyfewdaysBrennanwillfindahotelforthenightwhereshecangetashowerandeatacheeseburger.She’llalsocheckinwithherhusbandJohn,whohashelpedherselecttheriverandresearchthetripsattheirhome.“He’smyvirtualSherpawithbenefits,”Brennansays,laughing.Shehasaphonewithherbutrarelycallsortextsanyone.Herchildrenusuallykeeptrackofherviathetransponderthatsendsthemherlocationevery10minutesorso.Brennanknowsthatsolokayakingisnotforeveryoneandshe’snotreckless.Brennangrewuponalakeandwasastrongswimmerandboaterfromanearlyage.Whengoingthroughroughrapids,shewatchestheweathercarefully.Sheiscautiousaboutwhereshecampsandwhoisaroundher.Shehaspackeduphergearandheadedbackoutontheriverwhenshehasfeltunsafe.Surely,sheisaloneonthesejourneysbutsheisn’tlonely.Shesuggestedthatweallneedsomedisconnectionfromthewiredworldtofindthewiderworldaroundus.24．WhatcanbelearnedaboutCathyBrennanfromparagraph1?A．Shelongsforcalmness. B．Sheseeksinnerpeace.C．Sheisfondoftravelling. D．Sheistiredofeverydayhousework.25．WhydoesBrennanregardherhusbandas“virtualSherpawithbenefits”?A．Becausehekeepstrackofher. B．Becausehearrangestherouteforher.C．Becauseheacpaniesherontheriver. D．Becausehecontactsherwithcallsandtexts.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reckless”inparagraph4mean?A．Cautious. B．Fearless. C．Ambitious. D．Thoughtless.27．HowisBrennan’skayaktripaccordingtothepassage?A．Oddandinstructive. B．RomanticandthrillingC．Costlyandrelaxing D．Toughandrewarding.【答案】24．B25．B26．D27．D【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了凱茜·布倫南用她的黃色皮艇獨自旅行的故事。24.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Itwastough,butitallowedBrennantoletgoofeverythingelse,emptyherbrainoftheeverydaychoresandfocusonthenow.(這很艱難，但它讓布倫南放下了其他一切，把她的大腦從日?，嵤轮星蹇?，專注于現(xiàn)在)”可知，凱茜·布倫南獨自旅行是為了尋求內(nèi)心的平靜。故選B。25．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“She’llalsocheckinwithherhusbandJohn,whohashelpedherselecttheriverandresearchthetripsattheirhome.“He’smyvirtualSherpawithbenefits.”(她還會和丈夫約翰聯(lián)系，他幫她選擇了河流，并在家里研究了旅行?！八俏矣懈５奶摂M夏爾巴人?！?”可知，布倫南認為她的丈夫是“有福的虛擬夏爾巴人”，因為他為她安排路線。故選B。26．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“Brennangrewuponalakeandwasastrongswimmerandboaterfromanearlyage.Whengoingthroughroughrapids,shewatchestheweathercarefully.Sheiscautiousaboutwhereshecampsandwhoisaroundher.Shehaspackeduphergearandheadedbackoutontheriverwhenshehasfeltunsafe.(布倫南在湖邊長大，從小就擅長游泳和劃船。在穿越險灘時，她會仔細觀察天氣。她對自己的營地和周圍的人都很謹慎。當她感到不安全時，她會收拾好裝備，回到河上)”可知，布倫南非常謹慎，并不魯莽。由此可知，劃線詞reckless與thoughtless“輕率的，欠考慮的”意思接近。故選D。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Itwastough,butitallowedBrennantoletgoofeverythingelse,emptyherbrainoftheeverydaychoresandfocusonthenow.(這很艱難，但它讓布倫南放下了其他一切，把她的大腦從日常瑣事中清空，專注于現(xiàn)在)”及最后一段中的“Shesuggestedthatweallneedsomedisconnectionfromthewiredworldtofindthewiderworldaroundus.(她認為，我們都需要與有線世界斷開一些聯(lián)系，以發(fā)現(xiàn)我們周圍更廣闊的世界)”可知推，布倫南的旅行雖然很艱難，但是很值得。故選D。CAnewstudyhasfoundthatlightpollutionismakingthenightskybrighterandthestarsdimmer(暗淡的).Thestudyexamineddatafrommorethan50,000citizenstarwatchersacrosstheworld,Itfoundthatmanmade,orartificiallightingismakingthenightskyabout10percentbrightereachyear.Dataforthestudywascollectedfrom2011to2022.Theresultwasamuchfasterrateofchangethanscientistshadestimatedinthepast.Ascitiesexpandandputupmorelights,a“skyglow”iscreatedinthesky.Skyglowisatermscientistsusetodescribelightthatbeesmoreintense.Theresearchteamgaveanexampletoexplaintheresult.Ifachildisbornwhere250starscanbeseenonaclearnight,bythetimethatchildturns18,only100starswillbeseen.PaststudiesinvolvingartificiallightingusedsatelliteimagesoftheEarthatnight.Theyhadestimatedtheyearlyincreaseinskybrightnesstobeabout2percentayear.Butthesatellitesusedarenotabletoidentifylightwithwavelengthstowardtheblueendofthespectrum(光譜)—includinglightgivenoffbyenergyeffectiveLEDbulbs.TheresearchersnotedthatmorethanhalfthenewoutdoorlightsputinacrosstheUnitedStatesduringthepast10yearshavebeenLEDlights.Thesatellitesarealsobetteratfindinglightthatgetsspreadupwardlikeaspotlightthanlightthatspreadsoutfromsidetoside,Kybasaid.“Migratorysongbirdsnormallyusestarlighttoorient(確定方向)wheretheyareintheskyatnight,”saidGeorgetownUniversitybiologistEmilyWilliams.Shewasnotpartofthestudy.Andwhenseaturtlebabieshatch,theyuselighttoorienttowardtheocean—lightpollutionisahugedealforthem.Falchi,thephysicistattheUniversityofSantiagodepostela,saidpartofwhatisbeinglostisauniversalhumanexperience.“Thenightskycausedthegenerationsbeforeourstohaveexcitingnewideasormadethemwanttocreatesomething,especiallyinart,music,scienceandliterature,”headded.28．WhatdoesthenewstudyfindaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Starsareobservedbymorecitizens.B．Starsaremuchbrighterthaninthepast.C．Lightpollutioncontinuestodarkenstars.D．Lightmakesthenightskymorebeautiful.29．Whydidtheresearchteamgiveanexampleofachild?A．Tohighlightanexperiment.B．Topresentanassumption.C．Toclarifyaconcept.D．Toexplaintheresultofartificiallight.30．Howdobabyturtlesorienttowardtheocean?A．Bythemoonlight. B．Bythestarlight.C．Bythesunlight. D．Bythespotlight.31．WhatmightthegenerationsbeforeoursthinkofthenightskyaccordingtoFalchi?A．Inspirational. B．Mysterious. C．Awesome. D．Scared.【答案】28．C29．D30．B31．A【導語】這是一篇說明文，一項研究表明：光污染使星星持續(xù)暗淡。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Anewstudyhasfoundthatlightpollutionismakingthenightskybrighterandthestarsdimmer(暗淡的).(一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，光污染正在使夜空變得更亮，星星變得更暗)”可知，這項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)光污染使星星持續(xù)暗淡，故選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Skyglowisatermscientistsusetodescribelightthatbeesmoreintense.Theresearchteamgaveanexampletoexplaintheresult.Ifachildisbornwhere250starscanbeseenonaclearnight,bythetimethatchildturns18,only100starswillbeseen.(天光是科學家用來描述光線變得更強烈的一個術(shù)語。研究小組舉了一個例子來解釋這個結(jié)果。如果一個孩子出生時，在晴朗的夜晚可以看到250顆星星，到他18歲時，他只能看到100顆星星)”可知，研究團隊以孩子舉例是為了解釋人造燈光造成的結(jié)果——天空越來越黯淡。故選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Andwhenseaturtlebabieshatch,theyuselighttoorienttowardtheocean(當海龜寶寶孵化時，它們會用光來定位海洋)”可知，海龜寶寶孵化時利用星光來確定海洋的方向，故選B。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Falchi說的話“Thenightskycausedthegenerationsbeforeourstohaveexcitingnewideasormadethemwanttocreatesomething,especiallyinart,music,scienceandliterature(夜空讓我們的前幾代人產(chǎn)生了令人興奮的新想法，或者讓他們想要創(chuàng)造一些東西，尤其是在藝術(shù)、音樂、科學和文學方面)”可知，按照Falchi的說法，在我們之前的幾代人中，夜空是藝術(shù)、音樂、科學和文學的靈感源泉，他們認為夜空能夠給予靈感，故選A。DDriverlesstaxicabs,almostcertainlyingtoacitynearyou,havefreakedout(嚇壞)passengersinSanFrancisco,PhoenixandAustinoverthepastyear.SomedocumentedtheirexperiencesonTikTok,like“startledbytheemptyfrontseatsduringaridetoacoffeeshop”or“we’remakingalefthandturnwithoutusingalefthand”.ThenervouslaughterofanxiousTikTokersremindshistorianVictorMcFarlandofthepedestrianswhoyelled“Getahorse”tomotoristsinthe1910s.ButMcFarland,whoteachesattheUniversityofMissouri,saysthenewbeastsknownasautomobilesweremorethreateningandunfamiliartopeopleacenturyagothandriverlesscarsaretousnow.“Automobileswerefrighteningtoalotofpeopleatfirst,”hesays.“Theearlyautomobileswerenoisy,dangerous,hadnoseatbeltsandranoverpedestrians.”Somepeoplealsofeltthreatenedbythefreedomandindependencenewlyavailabletoentireclassesofpeople,saysSajeMathieu,ahistoryprofessorattheUniversityofMinnesota.TheyincludedblackpeoplewhosemovementswererestrictedbyJimCrow.Carsletthemmoreeasilysearchforeverythingfrombetteremploymenttoimprovedhealthcare,ascouldwomen.Largerconcernstodaymovetonumerouslawsthatcanbebrokenwhennooneisatthewheel.Whoistoblameifapregnantpersontakesadriverlesscaracrossstatelinestoobtainanabortion,forexample?Orwhendriverlesscarstransportillegaldrugs?Andbackthen,likenow,Mathieuadds,therewereconcernsaboutthefutureofcertainjobs.OncewewereworriedaboutTeamsters,whothendroveteamsofhorses,beingoutofwork.Truckerstodayfearthattheymightsoonpetewithdriverlessvehiclesintheirowndedicatedlanes.“Youcan’thavecongestionfreedrivingjustbecauseyouconstantlybuildroads,”observeshistoryprofessorPeterNortonoftheUniversityofVirginia.Now,hesays,isanexcellenttimetolearnfromwhathasnotworkedinthepast.“Itdoesn’tautomaticallygetsafejustbecauseyouhavestateofthearttech.”Historianssayweneedtostaybehindthewheelwhenitestodriverlesscars,evenifthatbeesonlyafigureofspeech.32．Whydidpedestriansshout“Getahorse”inthe1910s?A．Theydisapprovedofautomobiles. B．Theyhadpityonthepoorhorses.C．Theytriedtowarnmotoristsofdanger. D．Theywantedtoownahorsethemselves.33．Whatisaconcernabouttheriseofdriverlesscarstoday?A．Itmakescardrivingalostart. B．Itweakenspetitionincertainjobs.C．Itfavorsacertainsocioeconomicgroup. D．Itintroducesgrayareasinresponsibility.34．Whatdohistorianssuggestregardingdriverlesscars?A．Exploringnewtechnologyfurther. B．Buildingmoreroadstoavoidcongestion.C．Puttinghumansphysicallybehindthewheel. D．Gettingontopofconcernsoverdriverlesscars.35．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．DriverlessCars:PioneeringaNewEra B．DriverlessCars?WhatHistoryTeachesUsC．DriverlessCars?HowInnovationsShapetheWorld D．DriverlessCars:BridgingthePastandPresent【答案】32．A33．D34．D35．B【導語】這是一篇說明文。本文回顧了百年前人們對于汽車的態(tài)度，由歷史照見今日，為今天無人駕駛的興起帶來了啟示。32.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThenervouslaughterofanxiousTikTokersremindshistorianVictorMcFarlandofthepedestrianswhoyelled“Getahorse”tomotoristsinthe1910s.ButMcFarland,whoteachesattheUniversityofMissouri,saysthenewbeastsknownasautomobilesweremorethreateningandunfamiliartopeopleacenturyagothandriverlesscarsaretousnow.(焦慮的TikTok用戶發(fā)出的緊張笑聲，讓歷史學家VictorMcFarland想起了20世紀10年代對駕車者大喊“找匹馬來”的行人。但在密蘇里大學任教的McFarland說，一個世紀前，被稱為汽車的新野獸對人們來說比無人駕駛汽車對我們來說更具威脅性和陌生感)”可知，行人對motorist吼叫“Getahorse”，表明了那時的人們對于汽車這種新事物持否定態(tài)度。故選A。33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Largerconcernstodaymovetonumerouslawsthatcanbebrokenwhennooneisatthewheel.Whoistoblameifapregnantpersontakesadriverlesscaracrossstatelinestoobtainanabortion,forexample?Orwhendriverlesscarstransportillegaldrugs?(今天，更大的擔憂轉(zhuǎn)向了許多法律，這些法律在沒有人掌舵的情況下可能會被違反。例如，如果一個孕婦開著無人駕駛汽車穿越州界去墮胎，誰來負責？或者當無人駕駛汽車運輸非法毒品時？)”可推斷，無人駕駛汽車對于某些違法現(xiàn)象在責任歸屬方面難以界定，產(chǎn)生了責任的灰色地帶。故選D。34．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Historianssayweneedtostaybehindthewheelwhenitestodriverlesscars,evenifthatbeesonlyafigureofspeech.(歷史學家說，當涉及到無人駕駛汽車時，我們需要坐在方向盤后面，即使這只是一種比喻)”可知，人們需要對無人駕駛汽車進行監(jiān)管和控制。故選D。35．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“ThenervouslaughterofanxiousTikTokersremindshistorianVictorMcFarlandofthepedestrianswhoyelled“Getahorse”tomotoristsinthe1910s.ButMcFarland,whoteachesattheUniversityofMissouri,saysthenewbeastsknownasautomobilesweremorethreateningandunfamiliartopeopleacenturyagothandriverlesscarsaretousnow.(焦慮的TikTok用戶發(fā)出的緊張笑聲，讓歷史學家VictorMcFarland想起了20世紀10年代對駕車者大喊“找匹馬來”的行人。但在密蘇里大學任教的McFarland說，一個世紀前，被稱為汽車的新野獸對人們來說比無人駕駛汽車對我們來說更具威脅性和陌生感)”以及本文回顧了百年前人們對于汽車的態(tài)度，由歷史照見今日，給今天無人駕駛技術(shù)的問題帶來了啟示。B選項“無人駕駛汽車？史給我們的啟示”最符合文章標題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Bodyimageisaperson’sopinionsandfeelingsabouthisorherownbodyandphysicalappearance.36Youappreciateyourbodyforitscapabilitiesandacceptifsimperfections.So,whatcanyoudotodevelopapositivebodyimage?Herearesomeideas.Recognizeyourstrengths.Differentbodytypesaregoodfordifferentthings.Whatdoesyourbodydowell?Maybeyourspeed,strength,orcoordinationmakesyoubetterthanothersatacertainsport.Thatmaybebasketball,tabletennis,mountainbiking,dancing,orevenrunning.Orperhapsyouhavenonsportsskills,likedrawing,painting,singing,playingmusicalinstrument,writingoracting.37Exerciseregularly.Exercisecanhelpyoulookgoodandfeelgoodaboutyourself.Goodphysiques(體型)don’tjusthappen.38Ahealthyhabitcanbeassimpleasexercising20minutestoonehourthreedaysaweek.Workingoutcanalsoliftyourspirits.39Practicinggoodhabits—regularshowering;takingcareofyourteeth,hair,andskin;wearingcleanclothes,andsoon—canhelpyoubuildapositivebodyimage.Beyourself.Yourbodyisjustonepartofwhoyouare.40Sotrynottoletsmallimperfectionstakeover.A．Respectyourbody.B．Usethisasanopportunitytodiscoverwhatyou’regoodat.C．Yourtalentforedy,aquickwit,andalltheotherthingsmakeyouunique.D．Theytakehardwork,regularworkouts,andahealthydiet.E．Havingapositivebodyimagemeansfeelingsatisfiedwiththewayyoulook.F．Justexploretalentsthatyoufeelgoodabout.G．Thegoodnewsisthatselfimageandbodyimagecanbechanged.【答案】36．E37．F38．D39．A40．C【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了提高自我外在形象的方法和策略。由上文“Bodyimageisaperson'sopinionsandfeelingsabouthisorherownbodyandphysicalappearance.（形象是一個人對自己身體和外表的看法和感受）”和下文“Youappreciateyourbodyforitscapabilitiesandacceptitsimperfections.(因為身體的能力你欣賞它，同時要接受它的不完美)”可知，上文解釋了什么是bodyimage，下文則讓讀者接受自己身體上的不完美，由此推知空處陳述好的外形對我們的影響。E項“Havingapositivebodyimagemeansfeelingsatisfiedwiththewayyoulook”（有好的外形意味著你對自己的樣子很滿意）切題，起到承上啟下的作用。故選E。根據(jù)本段首句“Recognizeyourstrengths.(認清你的強項)”和下文“Thatmaybebasketball,tabletennis,mountainbiking,dancing,orevenrunning.Orperhapsyouhavenonsportsskills,likedrawing,painting,singing,playingamusicalinstrument,writing,oracting.（那可能是籃球、乒乓球、山地自行車、舞蹈，甚至跑步?；蛘吣阌蟹求w育技能，比如繪畫、唱歌、演奏樂器、寫作或表演）”可知，有很多技能可以供我們開發(fā)，只要我們積極去探索就一定能找到適合自己的。F項“Justexploretalentsthatyoufeelgoodabout.”（要去探索你感覺好的才能）切題，起到總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容的作用。故選F。由上文“Goodphysiques(體形)don'tjusthappen.（好的體形不會自己產(chǎn)生）”和下文“Ahealthyhabitcanbeassimpleasexercising20minutesto1hourthreedaysaweek.Workingoutcanalsoliftyourspirits.(一個健康的習慣簡單的就像每天鍛煉20分鐘到一個小時。鍛煉也能提升你的精神)”可推知，好的體形是需要通過鍛煉等來塑造的。D項“Theytakehardwork,regularworkouts,andahealthydiet.”（它們需要艱辛的努力，定期鍛煉和健康的飲食）切題，該選項中的they代指上文的goodphysiques。故選D。后文提到“Practicinggoodhabits—regularshowering;takingcareofyourteeth,hair,andskin;wearingcleanclothes,andsoon—canhelpyoubuildapositivebodyimage.”（養(yǎng)成好習慣——經(jīng)常洗澡；照顧好你的牙齒、頭發(fā)和皮膚；穿干凈的衣服，等等，可以幫助你建立一個積極的身體形象。）該段提到洗澡、刷牙、照顧好頭發(fā)皮膚，穿干凈的衣服等等，這些都是對自己身體愛護的一個表現(xiàn)。A項“Respectyourbody.”（尊重你的身體）符合文意，總結(jié)了后文中對自己身體愛護的內(nèi)容，該項起到引出后文的作用。故選A。40．前文提到“Beyourself.Yourbodyisjustonepartofwhoyouare.”（做你自己。你的身體只是你的一部分。）要接受自己的身體，無論好壞。后文提到“Sotrynottoletsmallimperfectionstakeover.”（所以盡量不要讓小的不完美占據(jù)主導。），一個人都會有好的和壞的，要多多去發(fā)現(xiàn)自己好的一面，C項“Yourtalentforedy,aquickwit,andalltheotherthingsmakeyouunique.”（你在喜劇方面的天賦、機智和所有其他方面都使你獨一無二。）該項提到每個人在不同的方面都會有屬于自己擅長和好的一面，該項符合文意，起到承上啟下的作用。故選C。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Beingvulnerable(脆弱的)isnotachoice.It’sa41inourlife.Whatwedowithvulnerabilitycaneitheropendoorstodeeperconnections,orbuildwallsthat42progressandfulfillment.Vulnerability43thestateofbeingexposedtothepossibilityofbeingharmed,eitherphysicallyoremotionally.It’spartofhuman44becausewearevulnerableinsomewayatalltimes.Wearevulnerabletoviruses,accidents,misunderstandingsand45causedbywhateverreasons.Theonlychoicewereallyhaveiswhetherto46itornot.Whensomepeople47thattheyhavenovulnerability,theyarehardtodevelopmeaning