2023年高考英語(yǔ)重難題型高分攻略04 段中設(shè)空題-（學(xué)生版）

備戰(zhàn)2023高考七選五之段中段空

目錄內(nèi)容

板塊一題型解析

板塊二高考真題感悟

板塊三?？碱}練手

板塊四課后習(xí)題訓(xùn)練

-：題型解析

七選五的設(shè)空位置無(wú)非就段首；段中以及段尾；設(shè)空位置不同考查學(xué)生的能力也有所不

同；段中主要考查有以下兩個(gè)方面：段中句作為過(guò)渡句；充當(dāng)承上啟下的作用；承接前段最

后一句；引出本段第二句；其次；作為分論點(diǎn)；與全段中心主旨形成呼應(yīng)關(guān)系。

解題方向：

段中設(shè)空的題目即為主題句的展開(kāi)句。此種題要注意分析前后的邏輯性和內(nèi)容的連貫性,

注意句子之間的銜接手法。做題時(shí)，首先要依據(jù)信息詞將選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行排除，然后將剩下的可能

答案逐一代入，看哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)能和設(shè)空處的前后內(nèi)容達(dá)到語(yǔ)意連貫及邏輯通順，從而最終確定

最佳選項(xiàng)，得出答案。以下為依據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系去解題的常用方法：

1.并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系

并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系是指后一句對(duì)前一句是一種順承邏輯關(guān)系。常見(jiàn)的表示并列關(guān)系的標(biāo)志

性詞語(yǔ)有first(ly),second(ly),third(ly),next/then,finally/last,firstofall,foronething,foranother

thing,some...otherstobeginwith,toconclude等；常見(jiàn)的表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)有also,

further,furthermore,likewise,similarly,moreover,inaddition,what'smore,notonly...butalso...

等。

2.轉(zhuǎn)折或讓步關(guān)系

轉(zhuǎn)折或讓步關(guān)系是指后一句對(duì)前一句構(gòu)成逆轉(zhuǎn)邏輯關(guān)系。常見(jiàn)表示轉(zhuǎn)折或讓步關(guān)系的標(biāo)

志性詞語(yǔ)有but,however,nevertheless,still,yet,while/though/although,or/otherwise,instead,on

thecontrary,incontrast,incomparison,bycomparison等。

3.因果關(guān)系

因果關(guān)系是指后一句為前一句的結(jié)果(有時(shí)也為原因)。常見(jiàn)的標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)有so,therefore,

thus,consequently,asaresult(of),so/such...thatsothat,resultin/from,leadto,dueto,thanks

to,owingto等o

4.例證關(guān)系

例證關(guān)系是前后句的某句是為了證明或解釋另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式具有多樣性,

思維過(guò)程基本是歸納（從例子到觀點(diǎn)）和推理（從觀點(diǎn)到例子）。常見(jiàn)的標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)有forexample,

forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords,thatis（tosay）等。

解題技巧：

設(shè)空特點(diǎn)

段中位置設(shè)題一般是段落細(xì)節(jié)句或過(guò)渡句。

解題技巧

細(xì)節(jié)句

1.閱讀空格前后內(nèi)容，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞

2.閱讀各個(gè)選項(xiàng)，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞

3.比較匹配關(guān)鍵詞，確定答案

4.利用詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)確定答案利用表并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步和因果關(guān)系的過(guò)渡銜接詞確定選項(xiàng)

過(guò)渡句

1.閱讀空格前后內(nèi)容，挖掘內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系

2.閱讀各個(gè)選項(xiàng)，標(biāo)記表轉(zhuǎn)折、并列、讓步或因果關(guān)系的過(guò)渡銜接詞

3.注意詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn):同源詞、同義、近義或反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，不同時(shí)態(tài)形式的動(dòng)詞等

二：高考真題感悟

例題1：InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,ifsconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.

PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.___3___,insteadpreferringtouse

theirhands.InChile,youmaynevertouchanyfoodwithyourfingers.PeopleinThailandgenerally

usetheirforksonlytopushfoodontotheirspoons.

A.Themorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetime

B?Themoretimeyouspendinanygivencountry

C.Mexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensils

例題2：?Moreisn'talwaysmerrier

Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantsto

becontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.___7___.Therearealternativestoconstant

writtencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.

E.Friendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunication

F.Itiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmedia

G.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind

例題3：Alwayskeepapencilandpaperbesideyou.___15Notealsothefactsimportant

foryourpurposeaswellasanythingwhichleadsyoutofurtherresearch.Youdon*thavetowrite

thesethingsindetail.Itisenoughtoputthepagenumberandoneortwowordsasareminder

E.Makeanoteofanypagewhichisofspecialimportance.

F.Youmayfindyourselfhavingtolearnsomethingbyheart.

G.Keeptheroomcoolratherthanwarmtoavoidfeelingsleepy.

例題4：Whenitcomestohearthealth,thereisspeculation（推測(cè)）thatit'snotthestyleof

music,butratherthetempothatmakesitsogoodfbryourhearthealth.InoneEuropeanstudy,

participantslistenedtomusicastheresearchersmonitoredtheirheartratesandblood

pressure.19Ontheotherhand,whenthemusicslowed,theparticipants1stressand

anxietylevelsbecamelowerandtheeffectsonheartratesappearedtofollowsuit.

E.Theimplicationsofmusiconoverallwell-beingarereallyimpressive.

F.Itisalsohighlypopularduetotheindividualizedeffectsonstressandanxiety.

G.Interestingly,themorecheerfulthemusicwas,thefastertheirheartrateswere.

例題5："Ioftensendpostcardstofamilyandfriends."hesaystoChinaDaily,nbutyoucan

imaginethatafterawhile,youneverreceiveasmanyasyousend,andyourealizethatnoteveryone

isintoit___22___"Seekingotherlike-mindedsouls,however,Paulostartedlookingina

somewhatunlikelyplace:online.ManywouldsaytheInternetisaplaceforpeoplewhohavegiven

uponthetraditionalpostalservice,butPaulo'shunch（直覺(jué)）paidoff.

A.Andthat*stotallyfine

B-Thatmakesitextrahardtolearnandpracticeit

C.Helikestothinkofsendingpostcardsasafamily-friendlyhobby

三：模考題練手

例題1：Electrolytesareessentialminerals.40Somesportsdrinksadssayyouneedto

addelectrolytestostayhealthy.Butsomeexpertssaythatyourbodyproduceselectrolytes.You

mayneedmorewaterifyouexercisealotduringtheheatoftheday.Otherwise,mostpeopleget

enoughelectrolytesfromfood.

A.Justdrinkwhenyouarethirsty.

B.Theyarevitaltomanyfunctionsinthebody.

C.Itgivesyoumoreenergyandmakesyoulookgood.

D.Instead,yourbodyandtheactivitiesyouattendmatter.

例題2：Oneisimmediatelyseenasselflessandhelpfulwhenonevolunteerstohelpout

someonesuchasafriend,teacherorparent.37,whenyouhelpateachertocleanthe

classroomorgetinvolvedinacleanlinesscampaignattheschoollevelorothercommunityprojects.

Teachersandadultswouldlookatayoungpersonwhovolunteershisorhertimeforcertain

activitiesasmature,responsibleanddeservingofrespect.

A.Youwillfeelyouareproud

B.Yourstandingwouldbelifted

C.Thisisespeciallybeneficialtostudents

D.Oneshouldactivelybeinvolvedinvolunteering

例題3：Childrenshouldbetaughttositdownandplayquietlyorreadabookiftheycan.In

creatingthishabit,parentsplayavitalroleastheyalsohavetositdownandoccupythemselves.

19.Theywantthingstobeexcitingandfast-moving.Ifparentsthemselvesdonotreadorspend

timequietly,itishardtoexpectthechildrentodoso.

B.Goodhabitscanbetaughtintheearlyyears.

C.Childrenmustbetaughttobepartofthefamily.

D.Inthisfastworld,everyoneexpectstobeentertained.

例題4：Stayinshapeanddressupwell

Sometimes,awkwardnesscouldbeduetobeingoverweight.Whenyouarelargeinsize,you

tendtogetveryself-consciousSo,inordertoavoidthis,getintothehabitofexercisingeveryday

7Ifyoulookasifyouhavejuststeppedoutofa1980'sfilmwhenactuallyitis2011,

thereisnodoubtthatyouareboundtofeelawkwardaboutyourself.

A.ParticipateinTeamActivities.

B.Learnhowtoendaconversation.

C.Secondly,haveappropriateclotheson.

例題5：Practiseintellectualhumility（謙遜）.Oneapproachto,well,arguing,istoletgoofthe

ideaofbeing“right”.Oratleastseriouslyconsiderthatyoumightactuallybewrong.19.

Reallytrytounderstandwheretheotherpersoniscomingfrom.Arguingisjusttowaste

somebody'stime.

E.Butnotallofwhat'soutthereisquitewhatitseems

F.Sodon'trushtodecide,andbeactivelypreparedtochangeyourmind

G.Puttingyourselfintheotherperson'sshoescanleadtomuchmoreproductiveoutcomes

例題6：We'vebeentest-drivingsomenewcarsrecently.Iappreciatethecleanandsimple

designinside.Forsomereasons,manycarmakershavebeenshiftedfromphysicalcontrolstotouch

screens.16Insteadoflotsofphysicalbuttons,youhaveasingletouchscreen.Youcan

useittomovebetweenthedifferentcontrols.

A.Butthisalsomeansextrastepsforeachaction.

B.Thetouchscreenisfarmorecomplexthanbuttons.

C.Newcarsareoftencompletelytouchscreen-controlled.

例題7：Cyclingcanbeagreatwaytotraveltoandfromworkorgetabouttown.Bycycling,you

savemoneyonfuelortrainfares.Ifyoudodriveintowork,sometimesfindingsomewheretopark

canbeanightmare,whereasfindingsomewheretochainyourbikeupcanbemuchsimpler.Then,

onthetrain,therearechangesatstationsandothercommutersspeakingloudlyontheirphonesto

dealwith.19Andifyou'reworriedaboutsafety,therearedesignatedcyclelanesinmany

majorcities.Wearinghigh-visibilityclothing,sometimesreferredtoas6hi-vis\isanotherwayto

improveyoursafetywhencyclingontheroads.

A.Cyclistsfaceneitheroftheseissues.

B.Inrecenttimes,cyclinghasseenaboostinpopularity.

C.Therearealsosomeplussidesforyourwallefshealth.

四：課后習(xí)題訓(xùn)練

PassageA

Doyouhaveagarden?Wouldyouliketobeabletorelaxinthegardenmoreoften?Having

outdoorspaceisawonderfulthing.16Luckily,youcanusethefollowingtipstomakeyour

gardenmorerelaxingandwelcoming.

Createasenseofprivacy.

17Ifyoufeelthateveryonecanseeyou,andthereisnodefinedprivatearea,itmay

notseemlikeawelcomingspace.Thereareafewdifferentwaysyoucanaddressprivacy.For

example,youcanusegreeneryliketreestocreateprivacy.

Usetrendyandstylishoutdoorlighting.

Ifyouhaveplansofbeingabletoenjoyyourgardenintheeveninghours,you'llneedlighting.

18Theyaddjusttherightamountofsophistication（精致）andclasstoyourgarden.You'll

findthemavailableinavarietyofstylesandsizes,andfinishesfromsomethingthatlookstraditional

tomoreunderstatedmodernmodels.

____19____

Gardenfurniturewillalsoplayabigroleinhowrelaxingandwelcomingyourgardenis.First,

youshouldmakesureyouhaveenoughseatingforyouandyourguests,Second,itneedstobemore

comfortablesothatpeoplearewillingtostayandhangout.

Adiningtableandchairsareusuallypopular,butyoumayprefersomethingmorerelaxinglike

anoversizedchairoralargesofa.

Payattentiontotheatmosphere.

Theatmosphereshouldalsobeconsideredinyourdesignplan.20Forexample,you

canusewaterfeaturesthataddasenseofpeacefulness.Also,ifsagoodideatochooseanoutdoor

soundsystemsoyoucanplaymusicsoftly.

A.Lessenyourgardenfurniture.

B.Upgradeyourgardenfurniture.

C.Itcanbeachievedinmanyways.

D.Creatingaprivateatmospherecostslittle.

E.Oneofthehottesttrendsofthemomentiswalllanterns.

F.However,itdoesrequirecreativethinkingtomakethemostofit.

G.Onecomplaintthathomeownershaveabouttheirgardenisalackofprivacy.

PassageB

Expertsarealwaysadvocatingthehealthbenefitsofbiking.Andwhilethebarriertoentryis

low—prettymuchallyouneedtoknowtostartcyclingishowtorideabikeitself-peopleoften

askmeifIhaveanytipsforbeginners.BelowareafewthingsI'velearnedalongthewaythathelp

makeforasaferandmorejoyfulride.

Followtherulesoftheroad.Brakeatyellowlights,stopfbrpedestriansandmaintainasolid

distancefromcars.16Therefore,neverflythroughstopsigns,approachtooclosetothe

frontvehiclesorshoutatcars.

17ABritishdoctorrecentlymadeheadlineswhenheclaimedthatwearingabike

helmetisactuallymoredangerousthantravelingwithoutone,butmostresearchsuggestsotherwise.

Afull98percentofbikecommuters（上下班者）ownahelmet,soyou911beingoodcompany,

anyway.

Makeaplaylist.Lawsagainstridingwithheadphonesvaryfromstatetostate,andit'snever

propertolistentomusicinmorethanoneear.Butcruisingaroundtoasoundtrackcanbean

amazingfeeling,soconsiderbuyingawirelessspeakeryoucanfixonyourframe.18

Knowyourrights.Ifyoudoendupgettingintoacollision,stayonthesceneuntilthepolice

come.19Cyclistsaretoooftentakenadvantageofinbadsituations,especiallyiftheir

injuriesdon'tseemtobeapparent.

Findsomefriends.Asgreatasitcanbetobikealone,zippingdownthestreetinabiggroupis

anequallysatisfyingexperience.20Variousbicycletripsareoftenorganized,which

providesopportunitiestodevelopfriendshipamongbikers.

A.Getfullyequipped.

B.Besuretogetahelmet.

C.Mostcitieshaveenoughresourcesfbrthecyclingcommunity.

D.It'snecessarythatyougivethemanaccuratereportoftheincident.

E.Mostofuswillfeelitobviouslysafertorideonabikethaninacar.

F.Thenputtogetheralistofyourfavoritetunesandgetreadytoenjoythem.

G.Pushingtothelimitnotonlygivesbikersabadreputation,butalsoagreatdanger.

PassageC

Throughoutmylife,thereisoneteacherwhoreallyimpressesme.31.

Mytimein8thgradefeltlikeforeverbecauseyoujustwanttobeinhighschoolalready.Math

youjustwantedtosleep,scienceyouwantedtocry,socialstudiesyouwouldwishforittobeover,

butEnglishclasswouldjustmakeupforthewholeday.Mrs.Thomaswouldactuallymakemewant

tostayawakeinherclass.Itwaslikesheactuallyunderstoodusandknewhowtokeepourfull

attention.EverydayIcouldn'twaittogotoherclass.32Youcouldtalktoherlikeshewas

yourfriendandnotyourboss.

33Likeinthebeginningoftheyearshemadeustakepicturesofourselvesandwrite

goalsofwhatyouwantedfortheschoolyear.Everyday,whenyouwouldcomeintoclass,youwould

lookatyourgoalsandseeifyouachieveany;itwasprettysmart.Iremembershealsomadeuswrite

alettertoourselvesinthebeginningoftheyear.Weopenedthemattheendoftheyeartoseehow

muchwechanged.Itwaslikeshewastryingtopushustobeabletocompletethosegoals,sothatlater

oninlifewecanusethatabilityagain.34IfyouwantedanA,youhadtoworkforthatA.

Mrs.Thomasnotonlygotusreadyforhighschoolbutalsoreallypreparedmeforlifeinthe

future.35

A.Thefollowingisaclassshetaughtus.

B.Shemademerealizehowinterestinglearningcanbe.

C.Sheoftenmadeusstruggleforwhatwedreamedofinlife.

D.Irememberhowmuchfunitwastodoactivityinherclass.

E.ShewouldwakemeupwhenIsometimessleptinherclass.

F.Shewouldmakejokesthatwouldrelatetothelessonandpleaseus.

G.Tmjustwaitingforthenextteacherwhocanaffectmylifeandmeasaperson.

PassageD

Self-careBenefitsofArt

Painting,sculpting,writinganddrawingareallkindsofcreativeactivitiesinwhichyoucan

enjoyalltheamazingbenefitsofart.

Ithelpsprocessyouremotions

Itturnsoutthatartcanplayabigroleinmaintainingahealthystateofmind.Itissuggestedthat

wetryoutabitoffreeformdrawing.Takeapaintbrushorcoloredpencilandallowyouremotionsto

guideyou.16.

Itmayimprovefocusandmentalperformance

17.Itleadstomoresatisfactionandsuccessinlife.Traininginanytypeofart,suchas

music,dance,orpainting,improvesthebrain'sattentionspan.Youcouldcallitamentalworkout

becauseitstrengthensyourabilitytofocusandyourcognitiveperformanceoverall.

____18____

Ifyougetstuckonsomething,takeanartbreak!Astudyfoundthatthosewhopracticeart

regularlyimprovetheirproblem-solvingskills.Immersingyourselfinacreativeactivitylikearthelps

solvereal-worldproblems.Usingyourimagination,youfireupdifferentareasofthe

brain.19.Evensomethingassimpleasanadultcoloringbookwithcrayonscanwork.

Itimprovesself-confidence

Accordingtoexperts,childrenwhoparticipateinartactivitiesbuildself-respect.Thepraisethey

receivefromtheirfriends,whendrawingorpainting,makesthemfeelgood.Atthesametime,they

learnhowtoacceptcriticism.20.Whenyouputyourtimeandefforttowardsanartproject,

andseeitthroughtotheend,youfeelproudofyouraccomplishmentandexperienceanice

improvementtoyourself-esteem.

A.Itofferswaysofreflection

B.Ithelpswithproblemsolving

C.Learningtofocushelpscompleteyourmaintasks

D.Youallowyourmindtowander,whichcanleadtonewideas

E.Artprovidesatypeofself-expressionthroughdifferentmedia

F.Nottomention,workinghardtocreateartbringsasenseofpride

G.Thishelpsconnectwithyouremotionsandexpressyourselfbeyondwords

PassageE

Acareeraptitude（能力、傾向）testisoftenusedtohelpthoseinterestedinenteringthework

force.___36___.Thesetestscanhelpevaluatehowapersonthinksandbestunderstandwhatareasof

interestapersonmaywanttogoafter.

___37___.Theywilltypicallyconsistofanumberofquestionsphrasedasmultiple-choiceor

true/falsequestions.TheseareoftenusedsothattheresultsofthetestcanbedeteiTninedthrough

computeranalysisofanswers.Take123CareerTestforanexample.123CareerTestisafive-to-ten

minuteassessmentofyourcareerpersonality.Youlookatpicturesofpeoplewhoaredoing

work-relatedtask,andchoose“yes"or"no"inregardtowhetheryoucouldseeyourselfenjoyingthat

task.___38___,thecomputerwillsoontellyouwhatworkenvironmentsandoccupationsbestsuit

yourcareerpersonality.

123CareerTestshowshowwonderfulcareeraptitudetestcanbe.Youmaynowbeeagertotry

one.___39___.

Somecareeraptitudetestsmayonlyfocusonanalyzingthetypesofskillsorstrengthsand

weaknessesapersonmayhave.Theresultsofsuchtestsmaynotalwaysmatchwhatapersonwants

todo.Someonecouldbeverystrongatcriticalthinkingandanalysis,whichmayindicateheorshe

hasanaptitudeforbecomingascientist.Ifthatpersonhasnoparticularinterestinscience,however,

thentheresultsofsuchatestwouldnotnecessarilyindicatewhatcareerheorsheshouldpursue.

—40—.

A.Itisrelativelyeasytocarryout

B.Itindicateswhattestsaremoresuitableforthem

C.Itdetermineswhatcareermightbethebestchoiceforthem

D.Afteryoufinishthetasksrelatedtochoosing“yes"or"no"

E.Butbeforeyoudothat,there'ssomethingyou'dbetterknow

F.Theresultsonlyshowacareerwhichheorshemaybegoodat

G.Therearemanywaysinwhichacareeraptitudetestcanbeprepared

PassageF

Ifyou'regoingtravellingafteruniversityorasacareerbreak,anextendedperiodoftimeof

unemploymentcanleaveagapingholeinyourCV.16Aslongasyouplanyourtrip

carefullyandthinkaboutwhatyoucando,travellingcanactuallyboostyourCVandcareer.

Rechargeyoubatteries

Ifyou9vejustspentthreeorfouryearsatuniversity,orworkingwithoutabreak,thenyou'llneed

torechargeyourbatteries.Ifyoutaketimeouttotravelyou'llhavetheopportunitytothinkabout

what'simportantinyourlifeandrefocusonyourcareer.17

Leai*nanewskill

Ifyou'regoingonaround-the-worldtripthenyoucouldbetravellingfromanywherebetweena

monthtoayear,whydon'tyoulearnanewskillwhileyou'reontheroad?18All

businessesandcompaniesneedcandidateswithabroadskillset,solookatlearninganotherlanguage

orgettingfurtherqualificationstoboostyourCV.

Makecontacts

Whenyou'rebackpackingandtravelling,trytomakecontactswithpeoplewhomightbeuseful

foryourcareer.Withtheriseofsocialmedia,makingcontactsisassimpleassaying'justtweetme”

or"I'lladdyouonFacebook”.Thecontactsyoumakewhiletravellingcouldbeyouravenueintoa

newcareer.19

Volunteer

20Notonlywillyoumakeadifferencetothecommunityandsociety,butit'lllook

greatonyourCV.Withvolunteeringyou'lllearnwhatitmeanstoliveandworkinanothercountry,

andemployersareactivelyencouragingit.Inasurvey,63%ofHRprofessionalssaidthatthosewho

havetakenaconstructivegapyearofvolunteeringorworkingabroadhadanapplicationthatstood

outfromtherest.

A.Butdon'tworry.

B.Considerthesimplestwayyoucanmeettheirneeds.

C.It'simportanttonetworkwhereveryouareintheworld.

D.Moreoftenthannot,you'llcomehomefeelingrefreshedandenergetic.

E.Thinkaboutwhatemployersarelookingforinyourindustryandcatertothat.

FOneofthehardestthingstoovercomewhenapplyingforajobisworkexperience.

G.Volunteeringisoneofthemostpopularactivitiesforgapyearsandround-the-worldtrips.

PassageG

I'vealwaysdealtwithanxiety.Itgotparticularlybadduringtheprocessofmovingthispast

summer.36IdecidedIneededtotakeconcretestepstocalmmyselfdown,afterafew

weeksoftrialanderror.Ifoundafewsure-firewaystoachievesomepeaceofmind.Ihopethese

techniqueshelpyoufindyourownoasisinthestorm.

Stepawayfromyourscreens.Afteralongstressfulday,Fmoftentemptedtounwindwithsome

TVtime.ButnowItrytakingsometimeawayfrommyscreensfirst.37Itcanimprove

yoursleepandboostyourmood.Instead,youcanreadorhaveashortwalkortakepartinother

activities.

38Spendingtimewithyourpetscanbeagreatwaytoslowdownandputyourmindat

ease.Itcandecreaseyourbloodpressureandhelpyoumanageanxietyordepression.WhenI'm

feelingstressed.Tilwatchthesquirrelsinmybackyard.39

Tendtoyourplants.OnedaymyfriendleftaspiderplantsproutonmyfrontstoopandIdecided

totrymyhandatbeingaplantparentonceagain.Iwassurprisedbytheeffectithadonme.

40Itgavemeachancetostepawayfrommydeskandmovearound.Andtherewereeven

morebenefitsIdidn'ttakeintoaccount!

A.Spendtimewithanimals.

B.You'Hfinditinterestingtowalkoutside.

C.Ilookedforwardtocaringformyplanteveryday.

D.Buttakingtimeofftorelaxanddonothingdidn'thelp.

E.Reducingyourscreentimecanbebeneficialtoyourhealth.

F.Lookafteryourhealthcarefullyifyouwanttolivepeacefully.

G.Orrilgotomylocalparkandwatchthedogsplayingtogether.

PassageH

Ifyouarethinkingaboutaskingforaraiseinsalary,thereareseveralthingstokeepinmind.

First,considerwhetheryoudeserveahighersalary.___36___Sitdownandmakealistofyourjob

accomplishments.Beasspecificaspossible.Forexample,thinkaboutimportantprojectsyouhave

workedon,thingsyouhavedonetoimprovetheorganizationofworkinyourdepartment,orhow

youreffortshavebroughtmoremoneytothecompany.Alsoincludeanyprofessionaldevelopment

opportunitiesyouhavetakenadvantageofrecentlyandbereadytoexplainhowtheyhaveimproved

yourperformanceonthejob.___37___Bearinmindthatsalarylevelsarebasednotonlyon

performancebutalsoonthemarketforyourparticularskills.Beforeyouaskforaraise,youneedto

dosomeresearch.Youshouldinvestigatetheindustrystandardsforsalariesforpeopleinsimilar

positionswithsimilarlevelsofexperience.38Yourinitialrequestshouldactuallybeslightly

higherthantheamountyouwantinordertoleavesomeroomfornegotiation.Then,ifyouhavetogo

lowerthanthisamount,youstillendupwithsomethingclosetowhatyouwant.

___39___Ifyouhaverecentlybeengivennewresponsibilities,itmakessensetoaskforahigher

levelofcompensation.Ontheotherhand,ifthecompanyisgoingthroughfinancialdifficulties,a

requestformoremoneywillprobablynotbemetwithafavorableresponse.Itwouldbebettertowait

untilthecompanyisinabetterfinancialposition.Finally,nevergivepersonalreasonsforwantinga

highersalary.Yourneedtopayyourchild*scollegetuitionorbuyabiggerhouseisofnoconcernto

yourboss.___40___Thatiswhereyouneedtokeeptheconversation.

A.Thiswillhelpyoudeterminewhatwouldbeareasonableamountofmoneytoaskfor.

B.Skillsplayakeyroleinyoursalarylevel.

C.Acrucialpointisthetimingofyourrequest.

D.Everyoneiseagerforaraiseinsalary.

E.Youprobablydo,butyoushouldbeabletoexplainexactlywhytoyourboss.

F.Yoursalarylevelshouldbebasedonprofessionalconsiderationsalone.

G.Thenyouwillbebetterpreparedwhenyoumeetwithyourboss.

PassageI

In2013,digitalmediaconsultantBaratundeThurstonlaunchedanexperiment.Hedecidedto

disconnectfromhisonlinelifefortwenty-fivedays:noFacebook,noTwitter,notevene-mail.He

neededthebreak.36

Itdidn'ttakehimlongtoadjusttoadisconnectedlife.Bytheendofthatfirstweek,hewasless

stressedaboutnotknowingnewthings.37HeenjoyedfoodwithoutTwitteringthe

experience.Buttheendcametoosoon.Afterthetwenty-fivedays,hehadtorestorehisonline

presence.

Hisexperimentsummarizestwoimportantpointsaboutourrelationshipwithsocialnetworks

likeFacebookandTwitter.Thefirstpointisthatweincreasinglyrecognizethatthesetoolsfragment

（碎裂）ourtimeandreduceourabilitytoconcentrate.38Buttheproblemisespecially

seriousifyou'reattemptingtoimproveyourabilitytoworkdeeply.

Tofightbackagainstthesedistractions,ThurstonfelthisonlyoptionwastoquittheInternet

altogether.ButtheproblemisthatnooneismeanttoactuallyfollowThurston'slead.39

Thatistoacceptourcurrentdistractedstateasunavoidable.Thisbringsmetothesecondpoint

summarizedbyThurston9sstory:itdidn'ttakehimlongoncetheexperimentendedtoslidebackinto

thefragmented

statewherehebegan.

Thisruleproposesathirdoption:acceptingthatthesetoolsmightbevitaltoyoursuccessand

happiness,butmeanwhileacceptingthatmostpeopleshouldbeusingfewersuchtools.Iwon'task

you,inotherwords,toquittheInternetaltogetherlikeThurstondid.40Thereisamiddle

ground,andifyou'retodevelopadeepworkhabit,youmustfighttogetthere.

A.Hestruckupconversationswithstrangers.

B.Itisarealproblemformanydifferentpeople.

C