【高二 拓展閱讀-科技】Wind Energy

WindEnergyWindpowerisenergy,suchaselectricity,thatisgenerateddirectlyfromthewind.ItisconsideredarenewableenergysourcebecausethereisalwayswindontheEarthandwearen’t“usingup”thewindwhenwemakeenergyfromit.Windpoweralsodoesnotcausepollution.WindturbinesandwindfarmsInordertomakeelectricityfromwind,energycompaniesuselargewindmillscalledwindturbines.Theyarecalledthisbecausetheyuseturbinegeneratorstogeneratetheelectricity.Inordertocreatealotofenergycapableofpoweringthousandsofhomes,energycompaniesbuildlargewindfarmswithlotsofwindturbines.Theyusuallybuildtheseinconsistentlywindyplaces.Somecompaniesbuildwindfarmsoutintheocean.Thesearecalledoffshorewindfarms.HowTallArewindturbines?Windturbinesarereallybigstructures.Thetoweritselfistypicallybetween200and300feettall.Whenyouaddintheheightoftheblades,someturbinestower400feethigh!Thebladesarequitebig,too.Therearetypicallythreewindbladesonawindturbine.Eachbladeisusuallybetween115and148feetlong.HowDoesaWindTurbineWork?Awindturbineworkstheoppositeofafan.Insteadofusingelectricitytoturnthebladestomakewind,itusesthewindtoturnthebladestomakeelectricity.Whenthewindturnsthebladesthebladesturnashaftinsidetheturbine.thisshaftisbig,butturnsslowly.Theshaft,however,isconnectedtoanumberofgearswhichcausesasmallershafttoturnmuchfaster.Thissmallershaftdrivestheelectricalgeneratorwhichgeneratestheelectricitythatcanbeusedbyhomesandbusinesses.WhatIfthereIsn’tAnyWind?Ifthereisn’tanywind,thennoenergywillbegeneratedbythewindturbine.However,engineersdoalotofmeasurementsandcalculationstofigureoutthebestareastoplacethewindturbines.thewindwon'tbeblowingallthetime,buttheimportantthingishowmuchthewindblowsonaverage.ArethereAnyDrawbackstoWindPower?Onemajorissuesomepeoplehavewithwindpowerishowthewindturbinesmessupthevieworlandscape.otherdrawbacksincludethelargebladeskillingbirdsandnoisepollutionfromtheturbine.Mostpeopleagreethatthepositivesofafullyrenewableandcleanenergyresourcefaroutweighthenegatives.ReadingComprehensionChoosethecorrectanswerforeachquestion.1.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetherenewableenergy?A.Energythatisgeneratedbyburningsomething.B.Energythatisnotbeingusedup.C.Energythatweobtainfromfossilfuels.D.Energythatcausesgreatpollution.2.Whatarelargewindmillsusedforgeneratingelectricitycalled?A.Windfarms.B.Solarpanels.C.Windturbines.D.Energymills.3.Howlongisthetypicalbladeonawindturbine?A.Between200and300feet.B.About400feet.C.Lessthan100feet.D.Between115and148feet.4.Whichofthefollowingworkstheoppositeofawindturbine?A.Asolarpanel.B.Anelectricfan.C.Anuclearpowerplant.D.Ahydropower.5.Whatisadrawbacktousingwindturbinestogenerateelectricity?A.Theymessuptheview.B.Thebladescankillbirds.C.Theycancausenoisepollution.D.Alloftheabove.Vocabulary基礎(chǔ)詞energy n.能源記詞根記憶：en（使…）+erg（能量）+y→使有能量→能源搭energysources能源energyconservation節(jié)能electricity n.電，電流；電學(xué)搭produce/makeelectricity發(fā)電source n.來源；出處；水源；根源，原因記聯(lián)想記憶：水源（source）是重要的資源（Resource）搭sourceofinformation信息來源pollution n.污染；弄臟記聯(lián)想記憶：想方設(shè)法（solution），治理污染（po|utin）搭noisepollution噪音污染structure n.建筑物；結(jié)構(gòu)；體系記詞根記憶：struct（建造）ure（表結(jié)果）→建筑物例awoodenstructure木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑物typically adv.典型地，有代表性地；向來，一向搭typicallyChinesehospitality中國人特有的殷勤好客blade n.（機器上旋轉(zhuǎn)的）槳葉；刀刃，刀片；葉片，草葉搭sawblade鋸條opposite adv.相對的；相反的prep.在…對面記詞根記憶：op（反）+pos（放）+ite（…的）→放在反面→相反的搭beoppositeto與…對立electrical adj.與電有關(guān)的；電的，用電的記詞根記憶：electr（電）+ical（…的）→與電有關(guān)的搭electricalequipment電氣設(shè)備anelectricalengineer一位電氣工程師measurememt n.衡量；測量；尺寸記詞根記憶：measure（測量）+ment（表名詞）測量例Measurementofbloodpressurecanbeundertakenbypracticenurses.血壓的測量可以由實習(xí)護士來完成。resource n.[常pl.]資源記聯(lián)想記憶：re+Source（源泉）→可再用的源泉→資源搭naturalresources自然資源Vocabulary進階詞turbine n.渦輪機，汽輪機記詞根記憶：turb（攪動）+ine（表名詞）→渦輪機搭underseaturbine海底渦輪機shaft n.軸，柄，桿；矛柄，把柄：（光的）束；（電梯的）升降井英apoleorrodwhichformsthehandleofatoolorweapon記聯(lián)想記憶：變速桿（shaft）用來改變（shift）速度calculation n.計算，推算；估計，推測；計劃，打算例Thecalculationshowsthat17percentoflungcancercasescanbeattributedtohighlevelsofexposuretosecond-handtobaccosmoke.據(jù)統(tǒng)計，有17%的肺癌是由于長期處于二手煙環(huán)境而引起的。figure n.身材；輪廓；數(shù)字；圖形，圖表；人物v.算出，估算；認(rèn)為；出現(xiàn)；是重要部分；圖表表示搭figureout想出辦法average n.平均水平；平均數(shù)adj.平均的；一般的；平庸的v.平均為搭onaverage平均，通常anaverageperson常人averagesize平均大小，一般大小drawback n.缺點，障礙，不利條件；退款，退稅記組合詞：draw（拉）+back（向后）→拖后腿→缺點，障礙issue n.問題，擔(dān)憂；爭論點；發(fā)行；（報刊的）一期v.頒布；發(fā)行英aproblemorworrythatsbhaswithsthmess n.骯臟，雜亂；混亂，困境v.弄臟，弄亂；搞糟搭inamess混亂；陷入困境messwith打擾，招惹messup搞砸；弄亂outweigh vt.（在重量、價值、影響等上）超過例Clearly，theadvantages