高中英語閱讀訓練習題及答案

A(words:311&225)TheBritishNationalHealthService(NHS)wassetupin1948andwasdesignedtoprovideequalbasichealthcare,freeofcharge,foreverybodyinthecountry.Beforethistimehealthcarehadtobepaidforbyindividuals.NowadayscentralgovernmentisdirectlyresponsiblefortheNHSalthoughitisadministeredbylocalhealthauthorities.About83percentofthecostofthehealthserviceispaidforbygeneraltaxationandtherestismetfromtheNationalInsurancecontributionspaidbythoseinwork.Therearechargesforprescriptionanddentalcarebutmanypeople,suchaschildren,pregnantwomen,pensioners,andthoseonIncomeSupport,areexemptfrompayment.Mostpeopleareregisteredwithalocaldoctor(aGP,orGeneralPractitioner)whoisincreasinglylikelytobepartofahealthcentrewhichservesthecommunity.AsthepopulationofBritaingetsolder,thehospitalservicenowtreatsmorepatientsthanbefore,althoughpatientsspendlesstimeinhospital.NHShospitals—manyofwhichwerebuiltinthenineteenthcentury—providenearlyhalfamillionbedsandhaveover480,000medicalstaff.TheNHSisthebiggestemployerinEuropealthoughBritainactuallyspendslessperpersononhealthcarethanmostofherEuropeanneighbours.Duringthe1980stherewasconsiderablerestructuringoftheHealthServicewithanincreasedemphasisonmanagerialefficiencyandtheprivatizationofsomeservices(forexample,cleaning).Attheendofthe1980sthegovernmentintroducedproposalsforfurtherreformoftheNHS,includingallowingsomehospitalstobeself-governing,andencouragingGPstocompeteforpatients.PatientswouldbeabletochooseandchangetheirfamilydoctormoreeasilyandGPswouldhavemorefinancialresponsibility.ThepoliticalquestionscontinueofhowmuchmoneyshouldbeprovidedtosupporttheNHSandwhereitshouldcomefrom.41.Wecanknowfromthefirstparagraphthat______________.A.theoriginalaimoftheNHSwastoprovideequalbasichealthcareforeverybodyB.peopledidn’thavetopayforhealthcaresincetheNHSwassetupC.patientswerechargedforreceivinghealthcarebefore1948D.theNHSwasanorganizationwhichgavefreeadvicetovillagers42.WhatdoweknowabouttheNHS?A.It’smanagedbythecentralgovernment.B.ItscostismainlypaidforbytheNationalInsurancecontributions.C.IthiresmorepeoplethananyotherunitinEurope.D.Fewerpatientsgotoitshospitalsthanbeforebecausetheyspendlessonhealthcare.43.AllthefollowingstatementsaboutGPsaretrueexceptthatthey____________.A.takecareofthelocalpeople’shealthB.oftentakepartincompetitionstoseewhoisthebestC.workunderhighpressurenowadaysD.havemoreresponsibilitiesthanbefore44.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exempt”probablymean?A.suffering B.different C.prevented D.free45.ThebiggestproblemfortheNHSis______________.A.manyhospitalsaretoooldtobeusedB.someservicesareinthechargeofindividualsC.moreandmorepatientsgotoGPsfortreatmentD.thereisnotenoughmoneyforfurtherreform【答案與解析】41—45CCBDD 國家保健中心由中央政府直接負責，但由地方當局管理。建立國家保健中心的最初目的是為農村居民提供免費的基本健康護理，尤其兒童、孕婦等可享受免費治療。41.C。細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一自然段最后一句可知，建立國家保健中心的最初目的是為農村居民提供免費的基本健康護理，而不是針對所有的人，所以前兩項錯誤。42.C。細節(jié)理解題。根據第4自然段“TheNHSisthebiggestemployerinEurope…”可知。從第二自然段第一句可以看出國家保健中心由中央政府直接負責，但由地方當局管理，所以A項錯誤。43.B。細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一自然段話“andencouragingGPstocompeteforpatients”可知政府鼓勵全科醫(yī)生之間相互競爭，而不是讓他們進行競賽，看誰的醫(yī)術高明。44.D。猜測詞義題。前面提到醫(yī)生開藥方及給病人治療牙病需要收費，再結合but一詞可推斷兒童、孕婦等可享受免費治療。45.D。細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一自然段最后一句可知。BParentshavetodomuchlessfortheirchildrentodaythantheyusedtodo，andhomehasnativetotheUnitedStates.Althoughitwasnevercompleted.Itcontainsmorethansevenhundredspeciesrepresenting164familiesoffloweringplants,agroupoffruitsshowingtheeffectoffungusdiseases,andthousandsofflowerpartsandmagnifieddetails.Everydetailoftheseisaccuratelyreproducedincolorandstructure.Themodelsarekeptinlockedcasesastheyaretoovaluableandfragileforclassroomuse.51.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AnExtensiveCollectionofGlassFlowersB.TheLivesofLeopoldandRudolphC.FlowersNativetotheUnitedStatesD.MaterialUsedforArtificialFlowers52.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthegoalofLeopoldandRudolphwasto______________.A.createabotanicalgardenwhereonlyexoticflowersgrewB.doathoroughstudyofplantstructureC.makeacopyofonememberofeachUnitedStatesflowerfamilyD.showthatglassaremorerealisticthanwaxflowers53.Theunderlinedword“it”refersto______________.A.theintentionB.thecollectionC.onemember D.eachflowerfamily54.WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthedisplayattheBotanicalMuseumofHarvardUniversity?A.Modelsof164familiesoffloweringplants.B.Magnifieddetailsofflowerparts.C.Severalspeciesofnativebirds.D.Agroupofdiseasedfruits.55.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheflowersatHarvardUniversity?A.Theyformacompletedcollection.B.Theyhaveamarvelousfragrance.C.Theyareloanedtoschoolsforclassroomuse.D.Theyuseauthenticrepresentations.【答案與解析】51—55ACBCD51.A。細節(jié)理解題。短文說明了美國theBotanicalMuseumofHarvardUniversity收藏玻璃花的目的、收藏品的豐富、精致的細節(jié)等內容,所以用AnExtensiveCollectionofGlassFlowers作標題最合適。52.C。推理判斷題。根據第二段的“TheintentionwastohavethecollectionrepresentatleastonememberofeachflowerfamilynativetotheUnitedStates.”可知收藏的目的是把美國所有的花都復制一種。53.B。推理判斷題。根據它前后的內容:目的是使收藏能代表美國的每一類花,盡管還沒有完成,只能是收藏還沒有完成。54.C。細節(jié)理解題。信息來自第二段的內容,C項的內容在第二段中沒有提及,其他各項的內容都有相關的說明。55.D。推理判斷題。根據第二段的“Everydetailoftheseisaccuratelyreproducedincolorandstructure.”可知這些玻璃花的每一個細節(jié)都制作得很精致,都是真實的再現。D（words:163&195）VeryfewpeoplewerecomingtoeatattheWhiteRoseRestaurant,anditsownerdidnotknowwhattodo.Thepricewasreasonableandthefoodwasofgoodquality,butnobodyseemedtowanttoeatthere.Thenhedidsomethingthatchangedallthat,andinafewweekshisrestaurantisalwaysfullofmenwiththeirladyfriends.Wheneveragentlemancameinwithalady,asmilingwaitergaveeachofthemamenu(菜單),Themenulookedexactlythesameontheoutside,buttherewasanimportantdifferenceinside.Themenuthatthewaitergavetothemansuppliedthecorrectpriceforeachdishandeachbottleofwine.whilethemenuthathegavetotheladysuppliedamuchhigherprice!Sowhenthemancalmlyordereddishafterdishandwineafterwine,theladythoughthewasmuchmoregenerous(慷慨)thanhereallywas.41.Whydidn’tpeoplecometotheWhiteRoseRestauranttoeatatfirst?A.Becausethepricewashigh.B.Becausethefoodwastoocheap.C.Becausethefoodwasnotgood.D.Thepassagedidn’tmention.42.Accordingtothepassagewecanconcludethatthepeoplewhoeatatthisrestaurantaremostly_______________.A.pooroldpeopleB.richyoungpeopleC.menwiththeirgirlfriendsD.parentswiththeirchildren43.Thedifferencebetweenthetwokindsofmenuliein______________.A.thecolor B.theshapeC.thepriceD.thefood44.Accordingtothepassagewecaninferthatwhenmenwiththeirgirlfriendseatatthisrestaurant,thefoodwaspaid___________________.A.alwaysbytheladiesonlyB.alwaysbythemenonlyC.sometimesbytheladiesD.eitherbythemenorbytheladies45.Accordingtothepassagewecanknowthat,generallyspeaking,____________.A.menaremor