統(tǒng)考版2024屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪專(zhuān)項(xiàng)分層特訓(xùn)卷40分閱讀理解提分練六

40分閱讀理解提分練(六)閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(A)[2023·廣州市綜合測(cè)試一]Exercisingregularlynotonlyhelpsyoukeepslim,butalsoimprovesyouroverallhealthandwell-being.Differentexercisesproducedifferentresults,astheyfocusondifferentpartsofthebody.Therearefourbroadexercisecategories:endurance,strength,flexibility,andbalance.Manypeopleoftenonlyfocusononeexercisetype,butincludingallfourinyourworkoutwillproducebetterresultsandreduceyourriskofinjury.EnduranceEnduranceexercisesincreaseyourbreathingandheartrate.Bydoingenduranceexercises,youareworkingtokeepyourheart,lungs,andblood-flowsystemhealthywhileimprovingyourtotalfitness.Overtimetheseactivitieswillmakeeverydayactivitiesseemeasier.StrengthIfyouwanttobuildupyourmuscles,thenstrengthexercises,whicharealsoknownas“resistancetraining”，arerightforyou.Eventheslightestincreaseinstrengthcanmakeahugedifferenceinyourabilitytocarryoutdailytasks.Developingstrongmusclesalsoreducesyourriskofweakbones.FlexibilityFlexibilityexerciseshelpstretchyourbody'smuscles.Thisallowsformorefreedomofmovementforotherexercisesandcanalsoimproveyourrangeofmotion,posture,abilitytobreathedeeply,andbloodflow.Also,itreducesthemuscletensioncausedbystress.BalanceBalanceexerciseshelppreventfallsandareespeciallyimportanttoolderadults,helpingthemstayindependent.Mostgoodbalanceexercisesareonesthatkeepyouconstantlymovingwithyourfeetontheground.Heel-to-toewalkingandstandingononefootaresimplewaystoimprovebalance.1．Howcanapersonbenefitmostfromtheirexerciseroutine?A．Bycombiningdifferentexercisetypestogether.B.Byhavingsufficientrestbetweentheirworkouts.C．Byconcentratingononetrainingaspectatatime.D．Byincreasingthefrequencyoftheirtraininggradually.2．Whichexercisetypesaremostusefultoimproveaperson'sbreathingfunction?A．StrengthandBalance.B．FlexibilityandBalance.C．EnduranceandStrength.D．EnduranceandFlexibility.3．Whichpartofthebodyplaysthemostimportantroleinbalance-relatedexercises?A．Arms.B．Legs.C．Thewaist.D．Theneck.(B)[2023·武漢市高中調(diào)研考試]Amild-manneredcatbyday,atnightRustywasjusttheopposite.Often,BillandIwouldlieinbedquarrellingoverwhetherweshouldletitouttowanderinthedarkorputupwithanothersleeplessnight.So,instead,welayinthedarkeachnoisynightandwonderedwhatdamageRustywoulddo.Andalwaysinthemorning,ifIhadforgottentoputthebutterinthecupboard,thereweremarksfromarough,littletongueandonceevenapawprint.Somethinghadtogive.Billlookedatmestraightintheeyes,“Doit.”Myreservationsweresuchthatittookmeseveralweekstodecidebecausewedidn'thavemuchchoice.Thatnight,IputRustyonhiscatbedandpattedhimalittleguiltilyonthehead.ThenIbeganfillingthekitchensinkwithabouttwoinchesofwater.Rustylovedjumpingintoadampsinkandthentrackingwateralloverthecupboardsandacrossthekitchenfloor.AccordingtothearticleIsavedfromawebsitetomyfolder,catsusedtojumpingintoyoursinkwon'tdoitagainiftheyjumpinandfindacoupleofinchesofwater.Next,Iclearedthecupboardsofeverything.ThenIgotoutallmymetalcookiesheetsandaforktogowitheach.Accordingtothearticle,youshouldsupportacookiesheetwithafork.Whenyourcatjumpsonthecounter,hewillknockdowntheinsecurelybalancedcookiesheets.Whathappensnextwillstophimfromdoingitasecondtime.Everythinginplace,Islippedontoourbedquietly,waiting.Suddenly,therecameanawfullyloudnoiseofmetal.Achainreactionofcrashesnext.Finally,Rustyroundedthecornerinthehallheavilyandleapedthroughourdoorwayontothefootofourbed,tremblingunderourcover.AndthatwasthenightRusty,theMidnightTroublemaker,retired.4．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesRustyatnight?A．Cold-blooded.B．Adorable.C．Good-tempered.D．Troublesome.5．WhatdidBillmeanbysaying“Doit”？A．Toleavethecatoutdoor.B．Togivethecatalesson.C．Toreservefoodforthecat.D．Togivethecatmorebutter.6．Whatdidthewriterdobeforeshewenttobedthatnight?A．Filledthesinkwithwater.B．Laidtwotrapsforthecat.C．Coveredthecounterwithsheets.D．Cleanedthekitchenthoroughly.7．Howdidtheauthorprobablyfeelabouttheoutcomeofhereffort?A．Satisfied.B．Disappointed.C．Anxious.D．Regretful.(C)[2023·保定市高三第一次模擬考試]WhencloudsofradiationbeganstreamingintotheairaroundtheFukushimaDaiichinuclearplant,160，000residentsweretoldtosimplycutandrun.However,itseemedonly159，998residentslistened.Theothertwo—NaotoMatsumuraandSakaeKato—remained.Thetwomenwouldgiveupeverythingratherthanletother__beingsstarve.Livingwithinthe12.5-mileexclusionzone(禁區(qū))aroundthedamagedreactor,thetwomen,unrelatedtooneanother,bothlivealonewhiletakingcareofdozensofanimalsthatwereleftbehindwhentheevacuation(撤離)orderwasgiven.ReportsfromReutersandDWstatethat57-year-oldKatohas41catswholivewithhiminhishomeinthemountainsalongwithadogheadoptednamedPochi.Katosayshewillstaywithhisanimalsandensuretheyarecomfortableallthroughtheirlives.Matsumuraleftthecityatfirstbutreturnedshortlyafterforhisownanimals.Oncehereturned,thenow55-year-oldrealizedthateveryoneelse'spetsandlivestockwerestillthere.Sohebegantakingcareofawidecommunityofanimalsincludingpigs,cats,dogs,ponies,ostriches,andcows.GNNreportedthatMatsumurawentbackinsidetheexclusionzoneandrealizedlocalpetdogshadnoteatenforseveraldays.Afteritbecameclearthatnoonewascomingbacktotheneighborhood,hewentaroundunchainingdogsfromtrees,lettingcowsoutoftheirbarns,andfeedinganythinginneed,whichearnedhimthenickname“GuardianofFukushima'sAnimals”．EverythingbothKatoandMatsumuraaredoingisrisky.ThoughproudofwhatKatoandMatsumurahavedone,theirfriendsandfamilieshopethattheycanleavethedangerousarea.Yettheyseemtobedeterminedinwhattheyaredoingandbothplantostaytherewiththeanimals,comewhatmay.8．Whatdoesthephrase“otherbeings”inParagraph1probablyreferto?A．Animals.B．People.C．Plants.D．Residents.9．WhatkindofpersonisSakaeKato?A．Curious.B．Caring.C．Ambitious.D．Lonely.10．WhatdoweknowaboutNaotoMatsumura?A．Heis57yearsold.B．HeknowsKatoverywell.C．Hehasdozensofanimalstolookafter.D．Helives12.5milesfromtheexclusionzone.11．Whatcanweinferaboutthetwomenfromthetext?A．Theywillfollowtheadviceoftheirfamilies.B．Theywillcallonmorepeopletoprotectanimals.C．Theystayinthemountainstoenjoyloneliness.D．Theyhavenoregardfortheirownsafety.(D)[2023·濟(jì)南市4月高考模擬]Haveyoueverbeenseizedwithakindofwarmandunclearfeelingwhenyoustartanold-fashionedgame?Ormaybewhenyouthinkbacktocelebratingtheholidaysasakid,somethingmagicaljustseemstobemissingnow.That'snostalgia(懷舊).Intheearly20thcentury,nostalgiawasconsideredamentalconditionsimilartodepression.Anyoneseparatedfromtheirnativeplaceforalongtimewaseasytosuffernostalgia.Butoverthenextfewdecades,themeaningofnostalgiahasexpandedfromindicatinghomesicknesstoagenerallongingforthepast.Andratherthananawfuldisease,itturnsouttobeseenasabittersweetexperience.Fromseveralformerstudies,researchersoftheUniversityofSouthamptonsupposednostalgiamightprotectpeoplefrombeinginabadmood,evenwhentheythinkaboutupsettingthings—likedeath.Totestitout,theyconductedanexperiment,where75peoplewroteabouttheirowndeaths,andthendidawordcompletiontask,inwhichtheywereaskedtocompletedifferentwordsbasedonasix-letterwordstartingwithC-O-F-F.Thepeoplewhothoughtaboutdyingbutdidn'tgetnostalgicansweredwithmanydeath-relatedwords,suchas“coffin(棺材)”，whilethenostalgicpeoplegavemoreanswersunrelatedtodeathlike“coffee”，almostasifthey'dneverthoughtaboutdeathinthefirstplace.Theresearchersthinkthatcouldmeannostalgia,despitebeingacomplexemotionalstatethatcanincludefeelingsoflossandsadness,doesn'tgenerallyputpeopleinanegativemood.Instead,byallowingindividualstorememberpersonallymeaningfulandrewardingexperiences,nostalgiacanboostpsychologicalwell-being.Thesestudiesareprettylimited,though,andthere'sstillalotwedon'tknowaboutnostalgia.Still,thesestudiessupportthatnostalgiahasapurpose.Ifpeoplearefeelingdown,itmightcheerthemup.Buttherearealsosomelesshelpfulsideeffects.Forexample,advertisershavediscoveredhowpowerfulnostalgiaisasamarketingtechnique,fornostalgiainadscanmakepeoplepartwithcashmoreeasily.So,itisnotallsugarcookies.12．WhatisParagraph2intendedtoexplain?A．Thedepressioncausedbylong-termnostalgia.B.Thementalconditionsofpeopleawayfromhome.C．Theunderstandingsofnostalgiaindifferentperiods.D.Therelationshipbetweenhomesicknessandnostalgia.13．Howdidtheresearchersprovetheresultoftheformerstudies?A．Byperformingatest.B．Byintroducingaconcept.C．Bydoinganinvestigation.D．Byconductinganinterview.14．WhatcanweinferaboutnostalgiafromParagraph4?A．Itneedstobefurtherstudied.B．Ithelpstoremovebadfeelings.C．Itbenefitspeople'sphysicalhealth.D．Itmakespeoplefeellifeiscomplex.15．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheReasonsforFeelingNostalgiaB．TheCommercialValuesofNostalgiaC．Nostalgia:AMethodforaBetterMoodD．Nostalgia:ABitterandPleasantExperience第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TheHumanLibraryhasbeenworkingtoencourageasenseofsharedhumanityforalmosttwodecades.Itisquitedifferentfromtraditionallibraries.__16__Youcanreviewyourperspectivewiththehelpofborrowedhumanbooks.TheHumanLibraryisanassociationwhichattemptstocreaterespectandunderstandingforthediversityinsocietythroughefforts.__17__Inthisplace,peoplewhootherwisewouldnevermeetortalkcanfindroomforconversation.Asitswebsitedetails,thelibraryhostsweeklyeventsinlocalcommunities.Thevolunteers，“humanbooks”，welcomemembersofthepublictocomeandtalktothem.__18__RonniAbergelisthefounderofthelibrary.__19__Ashisideahasspreadlikeabestseller,thelibraryhashostedeventsinmorethan80countries,inlibraries,museums,festivalsandschools.Ithasmorethan1，000humanbooksincirculationinmorethan50languages,withespeciallystrongpresenceinAmericancitiessuchasChicagoandSanFrancisco.__20__Theyhaveservedasatimelywaytoreachouttoscoresofpeoplestuckathome,andfearfulofbeingtooclosetostrangers.Beingabookinthelibraryismorethanwhatyouexpectandissomethingyouwillneverforget.Itisalsoanopportunitytomeetalotofpeoplethataredifferentfromyouandyetyouwillfindyousharealotincommon.A．Itcreatesasafespacefordialogue.B．Hisambitionistobuildahigh-techlibrary.C．COVID-19hasledtomanyvirtualeventsaswell.D．Thislibraryallowspeopletostartanonlineconversation.E．Hejustwantstogetthewholeworldlisteningandtalking.F．Here,variousquestionsareexpected,appreciatedandanswered.G．Atthislibrary,youcan“borrow”peopleforaconversationinsteadofbooks.[答題區(qū)]16．________17.________18.________19.________20.________40分閱讀理解提分練（六）閱讀理解第一節(jié)（A）語(yǔ)篇類(lèi)型：說(shuō)明文主題語(yǔ)境：人與自我——鍛煉——四種鍛煉類(lèi)型【文章大意】本文主要介紹了四種鍛煉類(lèi)型的作用，這四種鍛煉類(lèi)型分別是耐力性運(yùn)動(dòng)、力量運(yùn)動(dòng)、柔韌性運(yùn)動(dòng)和平衡運(yùn)動(dòng)。1．答案與解析：A考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“butincludingallfourinyourworkoutwillproducebetterresults”可知，把這四種鍛煉類(lèi)型結(jié)合在一起才能使一個(gè)人從其鍛煉習(xí)慣中獲益最大。故選A項(xiàng)。2．答案與解析：D考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)Endurance部分第一句中的“Enduranceexercisesincreaseyourbreathing”和Flexibility部分第二句中的“abilitytobreathedeeply”可知，耐力性運(yùn)動(dòng)和柔韌性運(yùn)動(dòng)這兩種鍛煉類(lèi)型都對(duì)改善呼吸功能有幫助。故選D項(xiàng)。3．答案與解析：B考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)Balance部分第二句可知，大多數(shù)好的平衡運(yùn)動(dòng)就是那些能讓你的腳保持在地面上不停地移動(dòng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。由此可推知，腿在與平衡有關(guān)的運(yùn)動(dòng)中發(fā)揮著最重要的作用，故選B項(xiàng)。（B）語(yǔ)篇類(lèi)型：記敘文主題語(yǔ)境：人與自然——人與動(dòng)物——作者與貓的“較量”【文章大意】作者家的貓總是在晚上制造噪聲影響他們休息，所以，作者根據(jù)網(wǎng)上的攻略，設(shè)置了兩個(gè)陷阱，此后貓?jiān)僖膊辉诎胍谷锹闊┝恕?．答案與解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Amild-manneredcatbyday...putupwithanothersleeplessnight”和第二段中的“eachnoisynightandwonderedwhatdamageRustywoulddo”可知，夜晚Rusty是一只喜歡折騰、制造麻煩的貓，故D項(xiàng)正確。mild-mannered“溫和的，溫柔的”。5．答案與解析：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Ibeganfillingthekitchensinkwithabouttwoinchesofwater...won'tdoitagain”和第五段中的“Igotoutallmymetalcookiesheetsandafork...stophimfromdoingitasecondtime”可以推斷，作者通過(guò)一些方法想給貓一個(gè)教訓(xùn)，讓貓?jiān)谝雇戆察o下來(lái)并且以后再也不敢制造噪聲，故B項(xiàng)正確。6．答案與解析：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Ibeganfillingthekitchensinkwithabouttwoinchesofwater”和第五段中的“Igotoutallmymetalcookiesheetsandaforktogowitheach”可知，作者在睡前給貓?jiān)O(shè)置了兩個(gè)陷阱，故B項(xiàng)正確。7．答案與解析：A觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章開(kāi)頭對(duì)Rusty吵鬧情況的描述和最后一段中的“AndthatwasthenightRusty，theMidnightTroublemaker，retired”可以看出，作者應(yīng)該會(huì)對(duì)這個(gè)結(jié)果感到很滿意，故A項(xiàng)正確。C語(yǔ)篇類(lèi)型：新聞報(bào)道主題語(yǔ)境：人與自然——保護(hù)動(dòng)物——福島動(dòng)物衛(wèi)士【文章大意】本文主要講述了福島核電站事故后，當(dāng)?shù)厮芯用癖煌ㄖ冯x，而SakaeKato和NaotoMatsumura不顧個(gè)人安危，選擇留在禁區(qū)照顧當(dāng)?shù)氐膭?dòng)物。8．答案與解析：A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)句意可以判斷，二人選擇留下是為了避免“otherbeings”挨餓，再根據(jù)第二段中的“takingcareofdozensofanimalsthatwereleftbehindwhentheevacuation（撤離）orderw