統(tǒng)考版2024屆高考英語二輪專項(xiàng)分層特訓(xùn)卷40分閱讀理解提分練四

40分閱讀理解提分練(四)閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(A)·Doananonymous(匿名的)actofkindnessforsomeone.·LeaveaSmileCardbehindtoencouragethemtopayitforward.·Shareyourstoryheretospreadtheinspiration.·Changetheworld,onekindactatatime.ORDERSMILECARDSTorequestSmileCards,pleasefillouttheformbelow.Avolunteerwillmailyouanorderoftencardswithintwoweeks.SmileCardsareofferedtoanyonewhorequeststhemonapay-it-forwardbasis.Thatmeansthereisnochargeforasetofcards.Someonebeforeyouhaspaidforyourcards,andyouareinvitedtokeepthechaingoingandpayforwardwhateveryouwishforthenextperson!Forspecialeventsorcircumstances,youcanalsoplacealargequantityofrequests.Note:WhenusingaSmileCard,remembernottojusthanditoutbyitself.TheideaistodosomethingkindforsomeoneandthenleavetheSmileCardbehind,sothattheyknowsomeonereachedouttothem,andthattheyareinvitedtopayforwardthekindnessandkeeptheripplesgoing!ABOUTUSKindSpringisaplacetopracticesmallactsofkindness.ForoveradecadetheKindSpringusercommunityhasfocusedoninnertransformation,whilecollectivelychangingtheworldwithgenerosity,gratitude,andtrust.Thesiteis100%volunteer-runandtotallynon-commercial.Itisasharedlaboroflove.1．WhencanyouuseaSmileCard?A．Yourfriend'sbirthdayisapproaching.B．Yourclassmatehaswonfirstprize.C．You'veorderedlunchforapoorfriend.D．Youfindyourclassmateinlowspirits.2．ToorderSmileCards,youhaveto________．A．payfortheminadvanceB．placealargequantityofrequestsC．mailsomenecessaryinformationD．tellwhatfavoryouwilldoforothers3．ThepurposeofusingSmileCardsistoencouragepeopleto________．A．spreadkindnessB．becomevolunteersC．a(chǎn)dvertiseforKindSpringD．payothers'kindnessback(B)[2023·全國甲卷，D]Grizzlybears,whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg,occupyaconflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsyche—werevere(敬畏)themevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams.AskthetouristsfromaroundtheworldthatfloodintoYellowstoneNationalParkwhattheymosthopetosee,andtheiranswerisoftenthesame:agrizzlybear.“Grizzlybearsarere-occupyinglargeareasoftheirformerrange，”saysbearbiologistChrisServheen.Asgrizzlybearsexpandtheirrangeintoplaceswheretheyhaven'tbeenseeninacenturyormore,they'reincreasinglybeingsightedbyhumans.ThewesternhalfoftheU．S.wasfullofgrizzlieswhenEuropeanscame,witharoughnumberof50，000ormorelivingalongsideNativeAmericans.Bytheearly1970s,aftercenturiesofcruelandcontinuoushuntingbysettlers,600to800grizzliesremainedonamere2percentoftheirformerrangeintheNorthernRockies.In1975,grizzlieswerelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct.Today,thereareabout2，000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU．S.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU．S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtode-listgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturnedduetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremainlisted.Obviously,ifprecautions(預(yù)防)aren'ttaken,grizzliescanbecometroublesome,sometimeskillingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefoodandattractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Puttingelectricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimalquartersisalsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway.“Ourhopeistohaveaclean,attractant-freeplacewherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits，”saysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologistwhomanagesbearsinandaroundMissoula.4．HowdoAmericanslookatgrizzlies?A．Theycausemixedfeelingsinpeople.B．Theyshouldbekeptinnationalparks.C．Theyareofhighscientificvalue.D．TheyareasymbolofAmericanculture.5．Whathashelpedtheincreaseofthegrizzlypopulation?A．TheEuropeansettlers'behavior.B．Theexpansionofbears'range.C．Theprotectionbylawsince1975.D．ThesupportofNativeAmericans.6．WhathasstoppedtheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicefromde-listinggrizzlies?A．Theoppositionofconservationgroups.B．Thesuccessfulcomebackofgrizzlies.C．Thevoiceofthebiologists.D．Thelocalfarmers'advocates.7．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Foodshouldbeprovidedforgrizzlies.B．Peoplecanliveinharmonywithgrizzlies.C．Aspecialpathshouldbebuiltforgrizzlies.D．Technologycanbeintroducedtoprotectgrizzlies.(C)TherearemanydifferenttypesofhousesintheUK.Youmayseedetached,semi-detached,terraced(排屋的)housesorevenend-of-terracehousesonatypicalstreet.Youmightseeapartmentsinwealthierpartsoftown,orpeoplelivinginbungalows,preferringtolivealifewithoutstairs.Strangecottagesmaydotthecountryside,whileheadingtothecitiesyoucouldseeanynumberoftypesofflats，includinghousesturnedintoflats,studiosandduplexes(復(fù)式公寓).Butonethingyouwillnoticeisthatmanyhousescomefromdifferenteras,andaskingtheBritishabouttheiridealhome，manyofthemwillhaveaspecificperiodproperty(特性)inmind.Forsome,itcouldbeVictorianhouses，whichareoftenseenwithbaywindows,highceilings,stainedglassdoorsandcoloredbrickwork.DuringtheVictorianera,ahugenumberofhouses,particularlyterraced,werebuiltintownsandcitiestoaccommodatevastnumbersofworkerswhoweremovingfrommoreruralareas.Georgianarchitecturereferstohousesbuiltduringtheperiodof1714and1830duringtheruleoffourBritishmonarchs.Usuallyhouseswiththisarchitecturalstylehaveamoresymmetricaltheme,bothinternallyandexternally,withasmallsquaregardeninfront.Forthosenotintoolderproperties,newbuildingsfromthe1990sonwardsofferbetterinsulation(隔熱，絕緣)againstthecoldandnewerelectrics.Andthosewhopreferlessrepairscouldalwaysgowiththeopen-planorminimalistlookofthemodernera.So,whetherit'shighceilings,betterinsulation,brickwork,bungalowsorsquaregardens,peopleinBritainhaveawidevarietyofpreferenceswhenitcomestowheretheylive.Andtheiridealhomemayjustsimplybeacaseofwhatstylefeelslikehome.8．WhatdotheVictorianhouseshave?A．Asmallsquaregardeninfront.B．Highceilingsandcoloredbrickwork.C．Amoresymmetricalthemethananyotherera.D．Brokenwindowsandstainlessdoors.9．WhydoestheauthormentionVictorianandGeorgianhouses?A．Todisplaythewisdomofthearchitects.B．Tointroducetheoriginofthem.C．ToattractpeopletoBritishhouses.D．ToshowthediversityofBritishhouses.10．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．ThepreferenceofBritishforthehouses.B．ThehistoryoftheGeorgianhouses.C．ThehousestructuresofBritain.D．ThefinesceneryinBritain.11．Whatwilltheauthorprobablytalkaboutnext?A．IdealBritishhome.B．Terracedhouses.C．Georgianhouses.D．Squaregardens.(D)[2023·福州市高三質(zhì)檢]WhenIsteppedintotheSamcheongParkLibraryinSeoul,Isawthefuture.Thesimplebuildinghadaniceselectionofbooksandacafewherereaderscouldenjoycoffeewhilegazingattheleavesoutside.Itwasspecificallydesignedwithoutanylatesttechnology.“What'ssoinnovativeaboutthat？”alibrarianinTorontoaskedwhenIshowedherpictures.Innovationtohermeantdigitaltechnology,like3Dprinters.“Whycouldn'ttheybothbeinnovative？”Iasked.Weareconstantlytoldthatinnovationisthemostimportantforceinoureconomy,withoutwhichwewouldbeleftbehind.Butthatfearofmissingouthasledustofallintothefalsetrapsofinnovationovertrulyinnovativeideasthatmaybesimplerandmoreeffective.Thismindsetimpliesthatifyoujustbuythenewthing,youhaveinnovated!Eachyear,businessesandindividualsrunaroundlikebrokentoyrobots,tryingtofigureouttheirstrategyforthelatestbuzzwordequipment.Atbest,thisisawasteofresources.Devicesarebought,usedandabandoned,asthetechnology'scapabilitiesfallshortofitspromise.Butatitsworst,thisapproachcantrulycausedamage.Schoolscutfieldtripstopurchasetabletswithfewprovenbenefits.CompaniesthatappliedAItohiringhaveactuallystrengthenedgenderandracialprejudices.Trueinnovationisn'tjustsomemagicdevices.Itisacontinuingprocessofreflectionandreassessment,whichoftenmeansadopting“old”ideasandtoolsinanewcontext,orevenreturningtomethodsthatworkedinthepast.Adjustedproperly,theserearview(后視的)innovationshaveprovedastransformativeasnoveltechnologies.LooknofartherthanthestreetsofNewYork,whichhavebeenredesignedrecentlytoaccommodatecyclistswithcar-freezones.Theideaisn'tnew.Itwascreatedhalfacenturyago,withtheaimofbringingcitiesbacktotheirresidents.Andwhilee-readersaleshavebeenexploding,Penguinjustannounceditwouldpublishtinyprintedbooks,anidealsolutionforamarketdemandingbothconvenienceandpracticability.12．Whyisalibrarianmentioned?A．Tosetanexample.B．Tociteanauthority.C．Tomakeaprediction.D．Topresentanargument.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“buzzword”meaninPara.3?A．Fashionable.B．Affordable.C．Practical.D．Imaginative.14．Whatdoesthewriteragreewithaboutinnovation?A．Wastedresourcesleadtoinnovation.B．Magicdevicesencourageinnovation.C．Innovationshouldbehuman-centered.D．Thepoweroftechnologyisundervalued.15．Whatisprobablythebesttitleofthetext?A．InnovationIsNotThatExpensiveB．TheFutureLiesinReturningtothePastC．SomeBestIdeasAreintheRearviewMirrorD．Innovation:TheMostImportantForceinEconomy第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wantarelaxingbutfunchallengeathome？__16__Puzzleshavebeenaroundformorethan250yearsandthechallengeofworkingoutwhereeachpiecegoesandcarefullyrecreatingthesceneontheboxlidcankeepyoubusyforhours,daysorevenweeks.Puzzlescomeinahugerangeofsizesanddifficultylevels.Forbeginners,a100-piecepuzzleisusuallyagoodstartingpoint.__17__Trygroupingpieceswiththesamecolourordesignbecausetheywillprobablygointhesameareaoncethepuzzletakesshape.__18__Thosepiecesareeasiertofindbecausetheyhaveastraightside.Staypatientasyousearchthroughpiecesandtrytomakethemfittogether.Youmaynotfindanyconnectingpiecesforagesbutthenseveralmaysuddenlyappear.Forarealtest,puzzlesthathave1，000piecesormoreareatoughtaskandit'sbesttocompletethemwithfriendsorfamilyifyoucan.Choosingascenethatinterestsyou,suchasafavouritefilm,sportorlocation,canhelpkeepyouinterestedanddeterminedtoworktothefinalpiece.Youcangetfuneducationalpuzzles,too.__19__Someofthebestplacestopickuppuzzlesarecharityshops.They'reoftenonsaleforlessthan5.Onceyouhavecompletedapuzzle,it'snicetoexchangeitwithafriend.__20__Youjustuploadanimage,suchasafamilyscene,andtheywillmakeapuzzlefromitandpostittoyou.Itmakesalovelyandunusualpresent.A．Sootherscanhaveago.B．Youcan'tbeatagoodpuzzle.C．Somecompaniesmakepersonalisedpuzzles.D.However,agoodstartdoesn'talwaysleadtoagoodresult.E．Mostpeopleliketostartbygettingthefouredgesofapuzzlelaidout.F．Itcangetyouusedtosortingouthowtheshapes,patternsandcoloursgotogether.G．Forexample,youmaytryamapoftheworld,historicaltimelinesortheperiodictable.[答題區(qū)]16．________17.________18.________19.________20.________40分閱讀理解提分練（四）閱讀理解第一節(jié)（A）語篇類型：應(yīng)用文主題語境：人與社會——健康生活——笑臉卡【文章大意】文章主要介紹了微笑卡卡片，并講述如何申請微笑卡，微笑卡的使用注意事項(xiàng)和背后負(fù)責(zé)的團(tuán)隊(duì)。1．答案與解析：C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章ORDERSMILECARDS中Note的內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)有人做了一件善事，可以留下一張微笑卡片。C項(xiàng)是為朋友做一件善事，所以可以使用微笑卡片。故選C。2．答案與解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Pleasetellus...dousingthem”可知，在申請微笑卡片時(shí)需要填寫一些信息以讓負(fù)責(zé)團(tuán)隊(duì)對申請者申請卡片的意圖和申請者想為人們做哪些事情有所了解，要訂購微笑卡片，你需要說出你會為別人做什么。故選D。3．答案與解析：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)ORDERSMILECARDS部分Note中的“sothattheyknow...theripplesgoing！”可知，寄卡片者在送出卡片前會為收卡片者做一件善事，這樣收卡片者就會知道有人向他們伸出了援助之手，他們也會被邀請將這種善意傳遞下去。由此可知，使用微笑卡片是為了鼓勵人們傳播善意。故選A。（B）語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與自然——野生動物——美國灰熊【文章大意】講述了美國灰熊從瀕危物種恢復(fù)到2000多頭，但也帶來了一些問題。4．答案與解析：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Grizzlybears,whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg,occupyaconflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsyche—wereverethemevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams.（灰熊可以長到2.5米長，體重超過400公斤，在美國人的心理中占據(jù)著一個(gè)矛盾的角落——即使它們給我們帶來可怕的夢，我們也敬畏它們）”可知，美國人對灰熊既有害怕，又有敬畏，他們的情感是混合的。故選A項(xiàng)。5．答案與解析：C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“In1975,grizzlieswerelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct.（1975年，灰熊被列入《瀕危物種法》）”以及第四段“Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU．S.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU．S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtode-listgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.（如今，美國大約有2000只或更多的灰熊。它們的恢復(fù)非常成功，以至于美國魚類和野生動物管理局兩次試圖將灰熊從名單上除名，這將放松對灰熊的法律保護(hù)，允許它們被獵殺）”可推知，由于1975年起受法律保護(hù)，灰熊的數(shù)量有了增長。故選C項(xiàng)。6．答案與解析：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Today,thereareabout2，000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU．S.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU．S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtode-listgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturnedduetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremainlisted.（如今，美國大約有2000只或更多的灰熊。它們的恢復(fù)非常成功，以至于美國魚類和野生動物管理局兩次試圖將灰熊從名單上除名，這將放松對灰熊的法律保護(hù)，允許它們被獵殺。由于環(huán)保組織的訴訟，這兩項(xiàng)努力都被推翻了。目前，灰熊仍在名單上）”可知，是環(huán)保組織的反對阻止了美國魚類和野生動物管理局將灰熊從瀕危物種名單上除名。故選A項(xiàng)。7．答案與解析：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Obviously,ifprecautionsaren'ttaken,grizzliescanbecometroublesome,sometimeskillingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefoodandattractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Puttingelectricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimalquartersisalsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway.‘Ourhopeistohaveaclean,attractant-freeplacewherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits，’saysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologistwhomanagesbearsinandaroundMissoula.（顯然，如果不采取預(yù)防措施，灰熊會變得很麻煩，有時(shí)會殺死農(nóng)場動物，或者在院子里尋找食物。如果人們把食物和引誘劑從他們的院子和露營地移走，灰熊通常會安然通過。在雞舍和其他農(nóng)場動物生活區(qū)周圍設(shè)置電動圍欄也能有效地趕走灰熊。‘我們希望有一個(gè)干凈，沒有誘餌的地方，熊可以通過，而不會養(yǎng)成壞習(xí)慣，’詹姆斯·瓊克爾說，他是一位長期管理米蘇拉及其周圍熊的生物學(xué)家）”可推知，灰熊數(shù)量增長，雖然會帶來一些麻煩，但是如果采取一些預(yù)防措施，人和灰熊可以和諧相處。故選B項(xiàng)。C語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會——?dú)v史、社會與文化——英國人的房子【文章大意】本文介紹了英國房子的類型及反映英國不同時(shí)代特點(diǎn)的房子。8．答案與解析：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段首句可知，高高的天花板和彩磚是維多利亞時(shí)代房子的特點(diǎn)。故B項(xiàng)正確。9．答案與解析：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二、三段可知，維多利亞時(shí)代的房子和建于1714年至1830年間的喬治王朝時(shí)期的房子有著明顯不同的特點(diǎn)；再結(jié)合文章又介紹了20世紀(jì)90年代房子的特點(diǎn)（抗寒、電氣設(shè)備新）可推知，作者提及維多利亞時(shí)代的房子和喬治王朝時(shí)期的房子是為了證明英國房子的多樣性。故D項(xiàng)正確。10．答案與解析：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二、三段描述可知，文中介紹了維多利亞時(shí)代的房子和喬治王朝時(shí)期的房子，以及20世紀(jì)90年代的房子；再結(jié)合第四段中的“peopleinBritainhaveawidevarietyof