78-318(洗滌器和刮水器)國外汽車行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)萊茵技術(shù) 汽車行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

78/318/EECCONCERNINGTHEADOPTIONOFUNIFORMTECHNICALPRESCRIPTIONSFORWHEELEDVEHICLES,EQUIPMENTANDPARTSWHICHCANBEFITTEDAND/ORBEUSEDONWHEELEDVEHICLESANDTHECONDITIONSFORRECIPROCALRECOGNITIONOFAPPROVALSGRANTEDONTHEBASISOFTHESEPRESCRIPTIONS*/關(guān)于為輪式車輛、可安裝和/或用于輪式車輛的裝備和部件采用統(tǒng)一技術(shù)條件規(guī)定以及對(duì)等承認(rèn)根據(jù)這些技術(shù)規(guī)定所作認(rèn)證的條件?/國家汽車質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢驗(yàn)中心萊茵技術(shù)（上海）有限公司北京辦事處

EN中文ConsolidatedTEXT統(tǒng)一文本producedbytheCONSLEGsystemoftheOfficeforOfficialPublicationsoftheEuropeanCommunities歐洲共同體官方出版物辦公室CONSLEG體系出版:Numberofpages:72頁數(shù)：72頁OfficeforOfficialPublicationsoftheEuropeanCommunities歐洲共同體官方出版物辦公室

共72頁第1頁1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.001本文件純屬文件編制工具，有關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)其內(nèi)容不承擔(dān)任何責(zé)任。?B 1977年12月21委員會(huì)就各成員國有關(guān)汽車風(fēng)窗除霜和除霧裝置的相關(guān)法律發(fā)布的指令(78/318/EEC)(OJL81,28.3.1978,p.49)：公報(bào) 編號(hào)頁碼 日期?M11994年12月16日委員會(huì)指令94/68/ECL354119?A1有關(guān)捷克共和國、愛沙尼亞共和國、L236332003年塞浦路斯共和國、拉托維亞共和國、立陶宛共和國、匈牙利共和國、馬耳他共和國、波蘭共和國、斯洛文尼亞共和國和斯洛伐克共和國的準(zhǔn)入條件法案以及對(duì)歐洲聯(lián)盟的建立條約的調(diào)整?C1勘誤表，OJL194,19.7.1978,p.30(78/318/EEC)共72頁第2頁▼BCOUNCILDIRECTIVEof21December1977ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtothewiperandwashersystemsofmotorvehicles(78/318/EEC)THECOUNCILOFTHEEUROPEANCOMMUNITIES,HavingregardtotheTreatyestablishingtheEuropeanEconomicCommunity,andinparticularArticle100thereof,HavingregardtotheproposalfromtheCommission,HavingregardtotheopinionoftheEuropeanParliament(1),HavingregardtotheopinionoftheEconomicandSocialCommittee(2),Whereasthetechnicalrequirementswhichmotorvehiclesmustsatisfypursuanttonationallawsrelateinteraliatotheirwipersandwashers;WhereasthoserequirementsdifferfromoneMemberStatetoanother;whereasitisthereforenecessarythatallMemberStatesadoptthesamerequirementseitherinadditiontoorinplaceoftheirexistingrules,inorder,inparticular,toallowtheEECtype-approvalprocedurewhichwasthesubjectofCouncilDirective70/156/EECof6February1970ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtothetype-approvalofmotorvehiclesandtheirtrailers(3),asamendedbyDirective78/315/EEC(4),tobeintroducedinrespectofeachtypeofvehicle;WhereasitisdesirabletodraftthetechnicalrequirementssothattheyhavethesameaimastheworkbeingcarriedoutonthesubjectintheUNEconomicCommissionforEurope;WhereastheserequirementsapplytomotorvehiclesincategoryM1(theinternationalclassificationofmotorvehiclesisgiveninAnnexItoDirective70/156/EEC);Whereastheapproximationofthenationallawsrelatingtomotorvehi?clesentailsreciprocalrecognitionbyMemberStatesofthecheckscarriedoutbyeachofthemonthebasisofthecommonrequirements;（1） OJNoC118,16.5.1977,p.33.（2） OJNoC114,11.5.1977,p.8.（3） OJNoL42,23.2.1970,p.1.（4） Seepage1ofthisOfficialJournal.共72頁第3頁1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.001▼B1977年12月21委員會(huì)就各成員國有關(guān)汽車風(fēng)窗除霜和除霧裝置的相關(guān)法律發(fā)布的指令(78/318/EEC)考慮到歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體成立時(shí)的條約，尤其是該條約第100條；考慮到委員會(huì)的提議；考慮到歐洲議會(huì)的意見(1)；考慮到經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)委員會(huì)的意見(2)；鑒于按照國家法律汽車必須滿足的技術(shù)要求與風(fēng)窗除霜和除霧裝置有關(guān),鑒于各成員國之間上述要求彼此不同；鑒于各成員國為此或者必需在其現(xiàn)有法規(guī)之外另外采用同樣的要求，或者必需用同樣的要求取代其現(xiàn)有法規(guī)，以達(dá)到使歐共體型式認(rèn)證程序用于每種車型之特殊目的，該型式認(rèn)證程序是1970年2月6日的委員會(huì)就各成員國有關(guān)汽車及汽車掛車型式認(rèn)證的相關(guān)法律發(fā)布的委員會(huì)70/156/EEC號(hào)指令(3)的主題；由78/315/EEC(4)號(hào)指令進(jìn)行增補(bǔ)。鑒于需要起草技術(shù)要求使之與歐盟經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì)為歐洲就該課題進(jìn)行的工作具有相同的目的;鑒于這些要求適用于M1類別中的汽車輛(在第70/156/EEC號(hào)指令的附件I中給出了汽車輛的國際分類);鑒于與汽車輛相關(guān)的國家相關(guān)法律要求各成員國相互承認(rèn)根據(jù)統(tǒng)一要求進(jìn)行的認(rèn)證;(1)OJNo.C118,16.51997,p.33(2)OJNo.C114,11.5,1977,p.8(3)OJNo.L42,23.2.1970,p.1(4)參見該公報(bào)的第一頁。共72頁第4頁▼BWhereaswindscreen-washersystemsarealreadymarketedbothseparatelyandafterbeingfittedtoavehicle;whereasifitispossibletocheckthembeforetheyarefittedtoavehicle,theirfreemovementmaybefacilitatedbytheintroductionofEECtype-approvalforsuchsystems,whichareregardedasseparatetechnicalunitswithinthemeaningofArticle9aofDirective70/156/EEC,HASADOPTEDTHISDIRECTIVE:Article1ForthepurposesofthisDirective,'vehicle'meansanymotorvehicleincategoryM1(?MlasdefinedinAnnexIIAtoDirective70/156/EEC)intendedforuseontheroad,havingatleastfourwheelsandamaximumdesignspeedexceeding25km/h.Article2NoMemberStatemayrefusetograntEECtype-approvalornationaltype-approvalofavehiclewithregardtothewindscreen-washerandwindscreen-wipersystems,orofawindscreen-washersystem,if:suchavehiclesatisfiestherequirementsof?MltherelevantAnnexesrelatingtothewindscreen-washerandwindscreen-wipersystems,suchawindscreen-washersystemregardedasaseparatetechnicalunit?MlwithinthemeaningofArticle2ofDirective70/156/EECsatisfiestherelevantrequirementslaiddowninAnnexI,suchavehicleisfittedwithawindscreen-washersystemwhichhasbeengrantedtype-approvalaaseparattechnicalunit?M1withinthemeaningofArticle2ofDirective70/156/EECandhasbeeninstalledinaccordancewiththerequirementslaiddownin6.2.5ofAnnexI.Article31. NoMemberStatemayrefuseorprohibitthesale,registration,entryintoserviceoruseofanyvehicleongroundsrelatingto:itswindscreen-wiperandwindscreen-washersystems,ifthesesatisfytherequirementslaiddownin?MltherelevantAnnexesitswindscreen-washersystemifthishasbeengrantedtype-approvalasaseparatetechnicalunit?MlwithinthemeaningofArticle2ofDirective70/156/EECandhasbeeninstalledinaccordancewiththerequirementslaiddownin6.2.5ofAnnexI.共72頁第5頁1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.001▼B鑒于風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌器系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)單獨(dú)銷售,或安裝在車輛上銷售,鑒于可以在安裝之前進(jìn)行認(rèn)證,可通過引入歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體有關(guān)此類系統(tǒng)的型式認(rèn)證促進(jìn)其自由活動(dòng),在第70/156/EEC號(hào)指令的第9a條中其被視為獨(dú)立的技術(shù)設(shè)備。鑒于以上各項(xiàng)，歐洲共同體委員會(huì)采納了本指令：第1條在本指令中，‘車輛’是指在M1（在70/156/EEC號(hào)指令的附件2A中有規(guī)定）類別中擬在公路上使用的任何汽車輛，至少要有四個(gè)輪子，最大設(shè)計(jì)速度在25公里/小時(shí)以上。第2條在下列情況下，任何成員國都不得以風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌器和風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜系統(tǒng)為由拒絕提供歐洲共同體型式認(rèn)證或國家型式認(rèn)證：－該車輛符合與（M1）風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌器和風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜系統(tǒng)相關(guān)的附件之要求－在70/156/EEC號(hào)指令中被視為獨(dú)立技術(shù)設(shè)備的風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌器系統(tǒng)（M1）符合附件I中的相關(guān)要求－該車輛安裝了作為在70/156/EEC號(hào)指令第2條中被視為獨(dú)立技術(shù)設(shè)備授予型式認(rèn)證的風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌器系統(tǒng)（M1），并且安裝符合附件I第6.2.5條的要求。第3條1.任何成員國都不得以下列事項(xiàng)為由拒絕或禁止任何車輛的銷售或注冊(cè)、投入運(yùn)行或使用。-風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜和風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌器系統(tǒng)，如果其符合M1相關(guān)附件中的要求-風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌器系統(tǒng)，如果作為在70/156/EEC號(hào)指令第2條中被視為獨(dú)立技術(shù)設(shè)備授予型式認(rèn)證的風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌器系統(tǒng)（M1），并且安裝符合附件I中的第6.2.5條的要求。共72頁第6頁2. NoMemberStatemayprohibittheplacingonthemarketofanywindscreen-washersystemregardedasaseparatetechnicalunit?M1withinthemeaningofArticle2ofDirective70/156/EECifitconformstoatypewhichhasbeengrantedtype-approvalwithinthemeaningofthesecondindentofArticle2.Article4TheMemberStatewhichhasgrantedtype-approvalshalltakethemeasuresrequiredtoensurethatitisinformedofanymodificationofapartorcharacteristicreferredtoin?Ml2.1ofAnnexI.ThecompetentauthoritiesofthatMemberArticle5Anyamendmentsnecessarytoadapttherequirementsof?MltheAnnexestotechnicalprogressshallbeadoptedinaccordancewiththeprocedurelaiddowninArticle13ofDirective70/156/EEC.However,thisprocedureshallnotapplytoamendmentsintroducingrequirementsforwiperandwashersystemsotherthanforthewindscreen.Article6MemberStatesshallbringintoforcetheprovisionsnecessaryinordertocomplywiththisDirectivewithin18monthsofitsnotificationandshallforthwithinformtheCommissionthereof.MemberStatesshallensurethatthetextsofthemainprovisionsofnationallawwhichtheyadoptinthefieldcoveredbythisDirectivearecommunicatedtotheCommission.Article7ThisDirectiveisaddressedtotheMemberStates.共72頁第7頁1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.0012.任何成員國都不得阻止把在70/156/EEC號(hào)指令第2條中被視為獨(dú)立技術(shù)設(shè)備的風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌器系統(tǒng)投放市場(chǎng)，但前提是其符合在第2條第2款語義中被授予型式認(rèn)證的型式。第4條對(duì)車型提供歐共體型式認(rèn)證的成員國應(yīng)設(shè)法得知是否對(duì)（M1）附件I的2.1項(xiàng)所述的車輛任何部件或性能做了改動(dòng)。成員國的主管部門應(yīng)確定是否有必要對(duì)改動(dòng)了的車型重新進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)和編寫新的報(bào)告。如果有關(guān)試驗(yàn)表明車輛不符合本指令的要求，則不得對(duì)改動(dòng)進(jìn)行歐共體型式認(rèn)證。第5條為適應(yīng)技術(shù)進(jìn)步，應(yīng)按1第70/156/EEC號(hào)指令的第13條制定的規(guī)程對(duì)附件的有關(guān)要求進(jìn)行必要的修正。但是，該規(guī)程不適用于對(duì)除風(fēng)擋玻璃以外的其他風(fēng)窗除霜和洗滌器系統(tǒng)要求的修正。第6條1.在接到通知后，成員國要在18個(gè)月內(nèi)實(shí)施符合本指令要求的必要規(guī)定，并要將條款的內(nèi)容立即通知本委員會(huì)。2.成員國要確保將在本指令管轄領(lǐng)域內(nèi)所采納的立法規(guī)定文本傳達(dá)給本委員會(huì)。第7條本指令向各成員國轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)。共72頁第8頁▼BLISTOFANNEXES▼M1AnnexI:?MlScope,definitions,applicationsforEECtype-approval,grantingofEECtype-approval,specifications,testprocedure,markings,amendmentstoapprovals,conformityofproduction?M1 AnnexII:ProcedurefordeterminingtheHpointandtheactualseat-backangleandforverifyingtherelativepositionsoftheRandHpointsandtherelationshipbetweenthedesignseat-backangleandtheactualseat-backangle?Ml AnnexIII:Methodfordeterminingthedimensionalrelationshipbetweenthevehicle'sprimaryreferencemarksandthethree-dimensionalreferencegrid?Ml AnnexIV:ProcedurefordeterminingvisionareasonthewindscreensofcategoryM1vehiclesinrelationtotheVpoints?M1 AnnexV:Test-mixturespecificationforwindscreen-wipersystemandwindscreen-washersystemtests?Ml AnnexVI:?MlInformationdocument(vehicle)AnnexVII:?MlInformationdocument(separatetechnicalunit)AnnexVIII:Type-approvalcertificate(Vehicle)AnnexIX:Type-approvalcertificate(Separatetechnicalunit)共72頁第9頁1978L附件列表附件1：?M1歐共體型式認(rèn)證的范圍，定義、申請(qǐng)，歐共體的生產(chǎn)型式認(rèn)證、規(guī)范、測(cè)試程序，標(biāo)記，批準(zhǔn)修正，生產(chǎn)合格性附件2：確定H點(diǎn)和實(shí)際座椅靠背角度，驗(yàn)證R點(diǎn)和H點(diǎn)的相對(duì)位置和設(shè)計(jì)座椅靠背角度與實(shí)際座椅靠背角度之間關(guān)系的程序附件3：確定車輛主參考標(biāo)記和三維參考網(wǎng)格之間空間關(guān)系的方法附件4：確定M1類別車輛相對(duì)于V點(diǎn)（M1）的風(fēng)擋玻璃上的視野區(qū)域的程序附件5：風(fēng)擋玻璃系統(tǒng)和風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌器系統(tǒng)測(cè)試的測(cè)試混合物規(guī)范附件6：M1信息文件（車輛）附件7：M1信息文件（單獨(dú)的技術(shù)設(shè)備）▼M1附件8：型式認(rèn)證證書（車輛）附件9：型式認(rèn)證證書（單獨(dú)的技術(shù)設(shè)備）共72頁第10頁▼BANNEXI▼M1SCOPE,DEFINITIONS,APPLICATIONFORTHEEECTYPE-APPROVAL,SPECIFICATIONS,TESTPROCEDURE,MARKINGS,AMENDMENTSTOAPPROVALS,CONFORMITYOFPRODUCTION▼B1. SCOPE1.1. ThisDirectiveappliestothe180_forwardfieldofvisionofthedriversofvehiclesincategoryM11.1.1Itspurposeistoensuregoodvisibilityunderadverseweatherconditionsbyspecifyingtherequirementsforthewindscreen-wiperandwindscreen-washersystemsofcategoryM1vehicles.1.1.2TherequirementsofthisDirectivearesowordedastoapplytocategoryM1vehiclesinwhichthedriverisontheleft.IncategoryM1vehiclesinwhichthedriverisontheright,theserequirementsshallbeappliedbyreversingthecriteriawhereappropriate.2. DEFINITIONS

▼M1▼5? M12.1.Vehicletypewithregardtoitswindscreen-wiperandwind-screen-washersystems'Vehicletypewithregardtoitswindscreen-wiperandwindscreen-washersystems'meansvehicleswhichdonotdifferinsuchessentialrespectsas:? M12.1.1.theexternalandinternalformsandarrangementswithintheareaspecifiedinSection1whichmayaffectvisibility;▼M12.1.2.theshapeanddimensionsofthewindscreenanditsmountingswherethesearelikelytoaffectthevisionareascoveredbyAnnexIV;▼B? M12.1.3.thecharacteristicsofthewindscreen-wiperandwindscreen-washersystems.? M12.2.Three-dimensionalreferencegrid'Three-dimensionalreferencegrid'meansareferencesystemwhichconsistsofaverticallongitudinalplaneX-Z,ahorizontalplaneX-YandaverticaltransverseplaneY-Z(seefigure2ofAnnexIII).Thegridisusedtodeterminethedimensionalrelationshipsbetweenthepositionsofdesignpointsondrawingsandtheirpositionontheactualvehicle.TheprocedureforsituatingthevehiclerelativetothegridisspecifiedinAnnexIII;allcoordinatesreferredtogroundzeroshallbebasedonavehicleinrunningorder(asdefinedin2.6ofAnnexItoDirective70/156/EEC)plusonefront-seatpassenger,themassofthepassengerbeing75kg+-1%.共72頁第11頁1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.001附件1▼B▼M1歐共體型式認(rèn)證的范圍，定義、申請(qǐng)，歐共體的生產(chǎn)型式認(rèn)證、規(guī)范、測(cè)試程序，標(biāo)記，批準(zhǔn)修正，生產(chǎn)合格性▼B1．適用范圍1.1本指令適用于M1類車輛司機(jī)前方180度的視野范圍。1.1.1.本指令的目的在于通過規(guī)定M1類車輛的風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜和除霧裝置的要求，確保在惡劣天氣情況下具有良好的能見度2.定義：▼M1▼5?M12.1與風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜和除霧裝置相關(guān)的車輛型式。與風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜和除霧裝置相關(guān)的車輛型式是在下列基本方面相同的車輛：?M12.1.1在第一節(jié)中規(guī)定的區(qū)域內(nèi)可能影響能見度的外部和內(nèi)部形式及布置。▼M12.1.2風(fēng)擋玻璃的形狀和尺寸及其安裝位置都可能影響附件4涵蓋的視野范圍。▼B?M12.1.3風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜和除霧裝置的特征?M12.2三維參考網(wǎng)格三維參考網(wǎng)格是指包含一個(gè)X-Z垂直縱切面，一個(gè)X-Y水平面和一個(gè)Y-Z垂直截面（參見附件3的表2）的參考系統(tǒng)。這一網(wǎng)格適用于決定圖紙上的設(shè)計(jì)點(diǎn)與在實(shí)際車輛上的位置之間的空間關(guān)系。附件3規(guī)定了如何相對(duì)于網(wǎng)格定位車輛的程序，參考地面零點(diǎn)的所有坐標(biāo)都應(yīng)以處于工作狀態(tài)的車輛（在70/156/EEC號(hào)指令附件I的第2.6條有相關(guān)定義）加上一位前排乘客為基礎(chǔ)，乘客質(zhì)量不得超過75公斤＋1％。共72頁第12頁? M12.2.1.Vehiclesfittedwithsuspensionenablingtheirgroundclearancetobeadjustedshallbetestedunderthenormalconditionsofusespecifiedbythemanufacturer.? M12.3Primaryreferencemarks'Primaryreferencemarks'meansholes,surfaces,marksandidentificationsignsonthevehiclebody.ThetypeofreferencemarkusedandthepositionofeachmarkrelativetoX,YandZcoordinatesofthethree-dimensionalreferencegridandtoadesigngroundplaneshallbespecifiedbythevehiclemanufacturer.Thesemarksmaybethecontrolpointsusedforbodyassemblypurposes.▼M1▼B? M12.4.Actual?Mltorsoangle(SeeAnnexII).▼B? M12.5.Design?Mltorsoangle(SeeAnnexII).? M12.6.Vpoints'Vpoints'meanspointswhosepositioninthepassengercompartmentisdeterminedbyverticallongitudinalplanespassingthroughthecentresoftheoutermostdesignatedseatingpositionsonthefrontseatandinrelationtotheRpointandthedesignangleoftheseatback,whichpointsareusedforverifyingcompliancewiththefieldofvisionrequirements(seeAnnexIV).? M12.7.Rpointorseatingreferencepoint(SeeAnnexII).? M12.8.Hpoint(SeeAnnexII).? M12.9.Windscreendatumpoints'Windscreendatumpoints'meanspointssituatedattheintersectionwiththewindscreenoflinesradiatingforwardfromtheVpointstotheoutersurfaceofthewindscreen.? M12.10Transparentareaofawindscreen'Transparentareaofawindscreen'meansthatareaofavehiclewindscreenorotherglazedsurfacewhoselighttransmittance,measuredatrightanglestothesurface,isnotlessthan70%.? M12.11Horizontalseat-adjustmentrange'Horizontalseat-adjustmentrange'meanstherangeofnormaldrivingpositionsdesignatedbythevehiclemanufacturerfortheadjustmentofthedriver'sseatinthedirectionoftheXaxis(see2.3).? M12.12.Extendedseat-adjustmentrange'Extendedseat-adjustmentrange'meanstherangedesignatedbythevehiclemanufacturerfortheadjustmentoftheseatinthedirectionoftheXaxis(see2.3)beyondtherangeofnormaldrivingpositionsspecifiedin2.13andusedforconvertingseatsintobedsorfacilitatingentryintothevehicle.共72頁第13頁1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.001?M12.2.1安裝了懸架使之能保證離地距離的車輛應(yīng)在制造商指定的正常條件下進(jìn)行測(cè)試。?M12.3主參考標(biāo)記主參考標(biāo)記是指車體上的孔，表面，標(biāo)記和識(shí)別標(biāo)記，所用參考標(biāo)記類型以及每個(gè)符號(hào)相對(duì)于三維參考網(wǎng)格的X,Y,Z坐標(biāo)和設(shè)計(jì)地平面的位置應(yīng)由車輛制造廠規(guī)定。這些符號(hào)可以是用于車體組裝目的的控制點(diǎn)。▼M1▼B?M12.4身體實(shí)際角度▼B?M12.5身體設(shè)計(jì)角度（參見附件2）?M12.6V點(diǎn)V點(diǎn)是其在車廂中的位置是由穿過前座上指定的最遠(yuǎn)就座位置中心的并相對(duì)于座椅靠背R點(diǎn)和設(shè)計(jì)角度的垂直縱切面確定的點(diǎn)，用于驗(yàn)證是否符合視野范圍要求（參見附件4）?M12.7R點(diǎn)或就座參考點(diǎn)?M12.8H點(diǎn)（參見附件2）?M12.9風(fēng)擋玻璃基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)風(fēng)擋玻璃基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)是指與從V點(diǎn)向風(fēng)擋玻璃外表面輻射的線條與風(fēng)擋玻璃的交叉點(diǎn)處。?M12.10風(fēng)擋玻璃的透明區(qū)域；風(fēng)擋玻璃的透明區(qū)域是指車輛的風(fēng)擋玻璃區(qū)域或在表面合適角度測(cè)量的透光系數(shù)不低于70%的其他拋光表面。?M12.11水平座位調(diào)節(jié)范圍水平座位調(diào)節(jié)范圍是指車輛生產(chǎn)商為沿X軸方向調(diào)節(jié)駕駛座位而指定的正常駕駛位置的范圍（參見2.3）。?M12.12座位調(diào)節(jié)擴(kuò)展范圍座位調(diào)節(jié)擴(kuò)展范圍是指車輛生產(chǎn)商為沿X軸方向調(diào)節(jié)駕駛座位而指定的（參見2.3）超出在2.13中規(guī)定的正常駕駛范圍并用于把座椅轉(zhuǎn)換為床鋪和方便進(jìn)入車輛而規(guī)定的范圍。共72頁第14頁? M12.13Windscreen-wipersystem'Windscreen-wipersystem'meansthesystemconsistingofadeviceforwipingtheouterfaceofthewindscreen,togetherwiththeaccessoriesandcontrolsnecessaryforstartingandstoppingthedevice.? M12.14.Windscreen-wiperfield'Windscreen-wiperfield'meanstheareaoftheouterfaceofawetwindscreenthatissweptbythewindscreenwiper.? M12.15.Windscreen-washersystem'Windscreen-washersystem'meansthesystemconsistingofadeviceforstoringafluidandapplyingittotheouterfaceofthewindscreen,togetherwiththecontrolsnecessaryforstartingandstoppingthedevice.? M12.16.Windscreen-washercontrol'Windscreen-washercontrol'meansadeviceoraccessoryforstartingandstoppingthewindscreen-washersystem.Startingandstoppingmaybecoordinatedwiththeoperationofthewindscreeenwiperorbetotallyindependentofit.? M12.17.Windscreen-washerpump'Windscreen-washerpump'meansadevicefortransferringthewindscreen-washerfluidfromthereservoirtotheouterfaceofthewindscreen.▼M12.18. Nozzle'Nozzle'meansadevicewhichservestodirectthewindscreen-washerfluidontothewindscreen.▼B?M12.19.Performanceofawindscreen-washersystem'Performanceofawindscreen-washersystem'meanstheabilityofawindscreen-washersystemtoapplyfluidtothetargetareaofthewindscreenwithoutleakageordisconnectionofatubeofthewashersystemoccurringwhenthesystemisusednormally.3. APPLICATIONSFOREECTYPE-APPROVAL3.1. ApplicationforEECtype-approvalforavehicletypeinrespectofitswindscreen-wiperandwindscreen-washersystems▼M1TheapplicationforEECtype-approvalpursuanttoArticle3(4)ofDirective70/156/EECofavehicletypewithregardtoitswindscreen-wiperandwindscreenwashersystemsshallbesubmittedby

themanufacturer.AmodelfortheinformationdocumentisgiveninAnnexVI.▼B?M13.1.3.vehiclerepresentativeofthevehicletypetobeapprovedmustbesubmittedtothetechnicalserviceconductingthetype-approvaltests.共72頁第15頁1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.001?M12.13風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜系統(tǒng)風(fēng)窗除霜系統(tǒng)是指由風(fēng)擋玻璃外表面的刮水裝置以及啟動(dòng)并停止該設(shè)備所需的附屬和控制裝置構(gòu)成的系統(tǒng)。?M12.14風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜刮刷區(qū)域風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜刮刷區(qū)域是指風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜刮濕的外表面積。?M12.15風(fēng)擋玻璃除霧裝置風(fēng)擋玻璃除霧裝置是指由液體存儲(chǔ)設(shè)備，風(fēng)擋玻璃外表面噴射設(shè)備以及啟動(dòng)并停止該設(shè)備所需的控制裝置構(gòu)成的一個(gè)系統(tǒng)。?M12.16風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌控制風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌控制是指一個(gè)可以啟動(dòng)并停止風(fēng)擋玻璃除霧裝置的設(shè)備或附屬裝置。啟動(dòng)和停止可以與風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜協(xié)調(diào)進(jìn)行，也可以完全獨(dú)立進(jìn)行。?M12.17風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌泵風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌泵是指將洗滌液從儲(chǔ)存罐中引向風(fēng)擋玻璃外表面的設(shè)備。▼M12.18噴嘴噴嘴是指可以把風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌液引向其外表面的裝置。▼B?M12.19風(fēng)擋玻璃除霧裝置的性能風(fēng)擋玻璃除霧裝置的性能是指在正常使用條件下把洗滌液毫無滲漏地噴射到風(fēng)擋玻璃目標(biāo)區(qū)域，并且不造成除霧裝置管路斷開的能力。3.歐共體型式認(rèn)證申請(qǐng)3.1申請(qǐng)與風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜和除霧裝置有關(guān)的歐共體型式認(rèn)證▼M13.1.1由生產(chǎn)商根據(jù)70/156/EEC號(hào)指令第3（4）條提交與風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜和除霧裝置有關(guān)的歐共體型式認(rèn)證申請(qǐng)。3.1.2附件6給出了信息文件范式。▼B?M13.1.3必須向負(fù)責(zé)型式認(rèn)證試驗(yàn)的技術(shù)服務(wù)部門呈遞對(duì)待認(rèn)證車輛類型具有代表性的車輛。共72頁第16頁3.2. ApplicationforEECtype-approvalforatypeofwindscreen-washersystemasaseparatetechnicalunit▼M1TheapplicationforECtype-approvalpursuanttoArticle3(4)ofDirective70/156/EECforatypeofwindscreen-washersystemasaseparatetechnicalunitshallbesubmittedbythemanufacturer.AmodelfortheinformationdocumentisgiveninAnnexVII.3.2.3.Onespecimenofthetypeofsystemtobeapprovedshallbesubmittedtothetechnicalserviceconductingthetype-approvaltests.Thetechnicalservicemay,ifnecessary,requestafurtherspecimen.Thespecimensmustbearinaclearlylegibleandindeliblemannertheapplicant'stradenameormarkandanidentificationofthetype.4. GRANTINGOFEECTYPE-APPROVAL4.1. Iftherelevantrequirementsaresatisfied,EECtype-approvalpursuanttoArticle4(3)and4(4)ofDirective70/156/EECshallbegranted.4.2. AmodeloftheEECtype-approvalcertificateisgivenin:AnnexVIIIforapplicationsreferredtoin3.1;AnnexIXforapplicationsreferredtoin3.2.4.3. AnapprovalnumberinaccordancewithAnnexVIItoDirective70/156/EECshallbeassignedtoeachtypeofvehicleorwindscreenwashersystemapproved.ThesameMemberStateshallnotassignthesamenumbertoanothertypeofvehicleorwindscreenwasher▼B5.SPECIFICATIONS5.1. Windscreen-wipersystem5.1.1. Everyvehiclemustbeequippedwithatleastoneautomaticwind?screen-wipersystem,i.e.asystemwhichwhenthevehicle'sengineisrunningisabletofunctionwithoutanyactionbythedriverotherthanthatneededforstartingandstoppingthewindscreenwiper.5.1.2. Thewindscreenwiperfieldmustcovernotlessthan80%ofvisionareaBasdefinedin2.3ofAnnexIV.5.1.2.1.Inadditionthewindscreenwiperfieldmustcovernotlessthan98%ofvisionareaAasdefinedin2.2ofAnnexIV.5.1.3. Thewindscreenwipermusthaveatleasttwosweepfrequencies:5.1.3.1. oneofnotlessthan45cycles/minute(acyclebeingtheforwardandreturnmovementofthewindscreenwiper);5.1.3.2. oneofnotlessthan10andnotmorethan55cycles/minute.5.1.3.3. Thedifferencebetweenthehighestandatleastoneofthelowersweepfrequenciesmustbeatleast15cycles/minute.共72頁第17頁1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.0013.2申請(qǐng)作為獨(dú)立技術(shù)設(shè)備的風(fēng)擋玻璃系統(tǒng)歐共體型式認(rèn)證▼M13.2.1由生產(chǎn)商根據(jù)70/156/EEC號(hào)指令第3（4）條提交與作為獨(dú)立技術(shù)設(shè)備的風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜和除霧裝置有關(guān)的歐共體型式認(rèn)證申請(qǐng)。3.2.2附件7給出了信息文件范式。3.2.3應(yīng)向負(fù)責(zé)型式認(rèn)證試驗(yàn)的技術(shù)服務(wù)部門呈遞有待認(rèn)證的系統(tǒng)的一份樣品。技術(shù)服務(wù)部門在任何需要時(shí)可要求提交其他樣本。樣本必須清楚地做上永久性的制造商商名或標(biāo)志或類型標(biāo)號(hào)。4.授予歐共體型式認(rèn)證4.1.如果滿足了相關(guān)要求，要按第70/156/EEC號(hào)指令的第4條之(3)和第4條之(4)(在適用時(shí))授予歐共體型式認(rèn)證。4.2.在以下各項(xiàng)中給出了歐共體型式認(rèn)證證書的范式：4.2.1.4.2.2.4.3.要按第70/156/EEC號(hào)指令的附件7對(duì)每類認(rèn)證車輛或每類風(fēng)擋玻璃系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行認(rèn)證編號(hào)。同一成員國不得對(duì)另一類車輛或另一類風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌器進(jìn)行相同的編號(hào)。▼B5.規(guī)格5.1.風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜系統(tǒng)5.1.1每臺(tái)車輛都必須安裝至少一套自動(dòng)風(fēng)窗除霜系統(tǒng)，當(dāng)車輛發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)運(yùn)行時(shí)除了啟動(dòng)和停止風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜的所需的動(dòng)作以外，傳動(dòng)裝置不需要進(jìn)行任何動(dòng)作，該系統(tǒng)就能夠工作。5.1.2.風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜的刮刷面積應(yīng)不低于附件中4中2.3所定義的視野范圍B的80%。5.1.2.1另外風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜的刮刷面積應(yīng)不低于附件4中2.2所定義的視野范圍A的98%。5.1.3風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜至少應(yīng)具有兩種刮刷頻率：5.1.3.1.高頻必須不小于45次/分鐘(風(fēng)窗除霜工作時(shí)刮片的一個(gè)往返運(yùn)動(dòng)為一次)5.1.3.2.低頻不得小于10次/分鐘，但不得高于55次/分鐘5.1.3.3最高頻和最低頻之一之差不得小于15次/分鐘,共72頁第18頁▼M15.1.4.thefrequenciesreferredtoinpoint5.1.3shallbeachievedassetoutinitems6.1.1to6.1.6and6.1.8.▼B▼M15.1.5. Intermittentoperationwindscreen-wipersystemsmaybeusedfopurposesofcomplyingwiththerequirementsof5.1.3,providedthatoneofthefrequenciescomplieswiththerequirementsof5.1.3.1andthatoneoftheotherfrequenciesobtainedwhenthemainfrequencyisinterruptedisnotlessthan10cycles/minute.5.1.6. Whenthewindscreen-wipersystemisstoppedbytheuseofthewindscreen-wipercontrol,thebladesmustreturnautomaticallytotheirpositionofrest.5.1.7. Thesystemshallbecapableofwithstandingstallingfor15seconds.Theuseofautomaticcircuitprotectiondevicesisallowed,providedthatforpossibleresettingnoactionisrequiredoncontrolsotherthanthewindscreen-wipercontrol.Thetestprocedureandconditionsaredescribedinitem6.1.7.▼B▼M15.1.8. Thewindscreenwiperfieldmustmeettheminimumrequirementsof5.1.2whenthewipersaretestedatasweepfrequencyconformingtotheprovisionsof5.1.3.2undertheconditionssetoutin6.1.10.5.1.9. Theaerodynamiceffectsassociatedwiththewindscreen'ssizeandshape,andtheefficiencyofthewindscreen-wipersystem,mustbedeterminedunderthefollowingconditions:5.1.9.1.Whensubjectedtoarelativeairspeedequalto80%ofthevehicle'smaximumspeed,butnotexceeding160km/h,thewindscreenwipersystems,operatingatmaximumfrequency,shallcontinuetosweepafieldasspecifiedinitem5.1.2.1withthesameefficiencyandunderthesameconditionsassetoutinitem6.1.10.2.▼B5.1.10. Thewiper-armmountingmustenablethewiperarmtobedisplacedfromitspositiononthewindscreensoastoallowthewindscreentobemanuallycleaned.?MlThisrequirementdoesnotapplytodeviceswhich,whenparked,areinanareaofthewindscreenwhichishiddenfromviewbypartsofthevehicle(suchasthebonnet,instrumentpanel,etc...).5.1.11. Thewindscreen-wipersystemmustbecapableofoperatingfortwominutesonadrywindscreenwiththeoutsidetemperatureat—18+-3‘cundertheconditionsspecifiedin6.1.11.共72頁第19頁1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.001▼M15.1.4應(yīng)按6.1.1到6.1.6和6.1.8項(xiàng)的規(guī)定實(shí)現(xiàn)5.1.3項(xiàng)中提及的頻率。▼B5.1.5為遵守5.1.3項(xiàng)之要求，可以采用間歇式操作風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜系統(tǒng)，但前提是有一個(gè)頻率符合5.1.3.1的要求，在主頻率被中斷時(shí)獲取的另一頻率不應(yīng)小于10次/分鐘。5.1.6當(dāng)采用風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜控制器停止風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜系統(tǒng)時(shí)，葉片必須自動(dòng)返回到靜止位置。▼M15.1.7系統(tǒng)應(yīng)能夠承受15秒鐘的失速。允許采用自動(dòng)回路保護(hù)設(shè)備，但前提是除風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜控制器之外其他任何控制器都不需要?jiǎng)幼骶涂梢赃M(jìn)行重置。6.1.7描述了測(cè)試程序和條件。▼B5.1.8.風(fēng)擋玻璃刮刷在采用符合5.1.3.2之條款的刮刷頻率，在6.1.10規(guī)定的條件下進(jìn)行測(cè)試時(shí)，其刮刷范圍必須滿足5.1.3.2中的最低要求。5.1.9必須在下列條件下確定與風(fēng)擋玻璃的尺寸和形狀相關(guān)的氣動(dòng)效應(yīng)。▼M15.1.9.1當(dāng)相對(duì)空氣速度等于車輛最大速度的80％，但不超過160公里/小時(shí)時(shí)，以最大頻率工作的風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜系統(tǒng)應(yīng)繼續(xù)以5.1.2.1項(xiàng)中規(guī)定的范圍刮刷，采用第6.1.10.2項(xiàng)規(guī)定的效率和條件。▼B5.1.10刮水臂的安裝應(yīng)使其能夠離開其在風(fēng)擋玻璃上的位置，允許對(duì)風(fēng)擋玻璃進(jìn)行手動(dòng)清洗。該項(xiàng)要求不適用于在歸位時(shí)處于被車輛某些部件阻擋的風(fēng)擋玻璃區(qū)域內(nèi)的設(shè)備（例如機(jī)罩，儀表板等）。5.1.11風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜系統(tǒng)必須能夠在車外溫度達(dá)到－18＋3℃共72頁第20頁5.2. Windscreen-washersystem5.2.1.Everyvehiclemustbefittedwithawindscreen-washersystemwhichiscapableofwithstandingtheloadsproducedwhenthenozzlesarepluggedandthesystemisactuatedinaccordancewiththeproceduresetoutin6.2.1and6.2.2.▼M15.2.2.Theperformanceofthewindscreenwashersystemshallnotbeadverselyaffectedbyexposuretothetemperaturecycleslaiddowninpoints6.2.3and6.2.4.▼B5.2.3. Thewindscreen-washersystemmustbecapableofdeliveringsuffi?cientliquidtoclear60%oftheareadefinedin2.2ofAnnexIVundertheconditionsdescribedin6.2.5ofthisAnnex.5.2.4. Thecapacityofthereservoircontainingtheliquidmustnotbelessthanonelitre.6.TESTPROCEDURE▼M1▼B6.1. Windscreen-wipersystem6.1.1. Thetestsdescribedbelowmustbecarriedoutunderthefollowingconditions,unlessotherwisespecified:6.1.2. theambienttemperaturemustnotbelessthan10’cormorethan40‘c;6.1.3. thewindscreenmustbekeptconstantlywet;6.1.4. inthecaseofanelectricwindscreen-wipersystemthefollowingadditionalconditionsmustbemet:6.1.4.1. thebatterymustbefullycharged;6.1.4.2. theenginemustberunningat30%ofthespeedatwhichitdevelopsmaximumpower;6.1.4.3. thedipped-beamheadlampsmustbeswitchedon;6.1.4.4. theheatingand/orventilationsystems,iffitted,mustbeoperatingatmaximumelectricalconsumption;6.1.4.5. thedefrostinganddemistingsystems,iffitted,mustbeoperatingatmaximumelectricalconsumption.6.1.5. Compressedairoperatedorvacuumoperatedwindscreen-wipersystemsmustbeabletofunctioncontinuouslyattheprescribedsweepfrequencieswhatevertheenginespeedorengineload.6.1.6. Thesweepfrequenciesofwindscreen-wipersystemsmustcomplywiththerequirementsof5.1.3afterapreliminaryoperatingtimeof20minutesonawetsurface.6.1.7. Therequirementsof5.1.7shallbesatisfiedwhenthewiperarmsarerestrainedintheirverticalpositionforaperiodof15secondswiththewindscreen-wipercontrolsetatthemaximumsweepfrequency.共72頁第21頁1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.0015.2風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌器系統(tǒng)5.2.1每臺(tái)車輛都必須安裝能夠承受當(dāng)堵住噴嘴，系統(tǒng)根據(jù)6.2.1和6.2.2中規(guī)定的程序啟動(dòng)時(shí)產(chǎn)生的負(fù)荷的風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌器系統(tǒng)。▼M15.2.2風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌器系統(tǒng)的性能不能受到6.2.3和6.2.4中規(guī)定的溫度周期的負(fù)面影響。▼B5.2.3風(fēng)擋玻璃洗滌器必須能夠在本附件6.2.5中規(guī)定的條件下提供能夠清潔在附件4的2.2中規(guī)定的面積60％的足夠液體。5.2.4液體罐的容量不能低于1升。6.檢測(cè)程序6.1風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜系統(tǒng)6.1.1必須在下列條件下進(jìn)行下面的測(cè)試（除非特殊規(guī)定）：6.1.2環(huán)境溫度應(yīng)在10～40攝氏度之間；6.1.3風(fēng)窗玻璃應(yīng)保持潮濕6.1.4電動(dòng)風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜系統(tǒng)必須滿足以下條件：6.1.4.1蓄電池必須是充滿電的6.1.4.2發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速必須接近最大功率轉(zhuǎn)速的30％:6.1.4.3接通近光前照燈：6.1.4.4如果安裝了暖風(fēng)系統(tǒng)和/或通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)，必須在最高耗電狀態(tài)下工作;6.1.4.5如果安裝了除霜除霧系統(tǒng)，必須在最高耗電狀態(tài)下工作;6.1.5壓縮空氣或真空操作的風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜6.1.6在濕表面上初始工作20分鐘后，風(fēng)擋玻璃風(fēng)窗除霜系統(tǒng)的刮刷頻率必須滿足5.1.3中的要求。6.1.7當(dāng)風(fēng)窗除霜搖臂在垂直位置停留15秒鐘，并且風(fēng)擋玻璃刮水控制器被設(shè)置在最大刮刷頻率時(shí)，應(yīng)滿足5.1.7中的要求。共72頁第22頁6.1.8. Theouterfaceofthewindscreenshallbethoroughlydegreasedbymeansofmethylatedspiritoranequivalentdegreasingagent.Afterdrying,asolutionofammoniaofnotlessthan3%andnotmorethan10%shallbeapplied.Thesurfacesha