2021-2022學(xué)年山東省濟(jì)南市實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高三（上）第一次月考英語(yǔ)試卷（附答案詳解）

2021-2022學(xué)年山東省濟(jì)南市實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高三（上）第一次月考英

語(yǔ)試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）

A

AQUILAChildren'sMagazineisthemostintelligentreadforcuriouskids.Fullofenthusiasticarticles

andchallengingpuzzles,everyissuecoversscience,historyandgeneralknowledge.AQUILAisaquality

production,beautifullyillustratedwithcontemporaryartworkthroughout.

?Intelligentreadingfor8-12-year-olds

?Coolscienceandchallengingprojects

?Inspiresself^motivatedlearning

?Excitingnewtopicseveryissue

AQUILAiscreatedandownedbyanindependentUKcompany.Ithas28pages,printedon

high-qualitypaperandtherearenoadvertisementsorposters.Insteaditisfullofwell-writtenarticles,

thought-provoking（令人深思的）ideasandgreatcontemporaryartwork.Eachmonthlyissueiscentred

aroundanewtopic.

AQUILAworksasasuperblearningextensiontocurrentprimary（orKS2andKS3）curriculum（課

程）,butitismuchmorethanthat!Entertainingandalwayssurprising,AQUILAisrecommendedbecause

itwidenschildren'sinterestandunderstanding,ratherthanencouragingthemtoconcentrateonlyontheir

favouritesubjects.Itgiveschildrenawell-roundedunderstandingoftheworld,inallitscomplexity.

TheconceptsinAQUILAcanbechallenging,requiringgoodcomprehensionandreadingskills.Eight

yearsisusuallyagoodagetostart.Somegentleinterestfromanadultisoftenhelpfulatthestart.

In2021AQUILAwillhavebeeninpublicationfor29years,butithasneverappearedinnewsstands

orshops.Wearesubscriptiononly.

AQUILASubscription

UK:12Months￡55—4Months￡30

Europe:12Months￡60-4Months￡35

World:12Months￡70—4Months￡35

Birthdays

SelecttheBirthdayoption,writeagiftmessageandchoosethebirthdaymonth.Wewilldispatchto

arriveatthestartofthemonthyouhaveentered.ThepackagepostsinablueenvelopemarkedMOpenon

yourbirthday".

1.WhatisspecialaboutAQUILA?

A.Itisavailableinshops.B.Itisforkidsofallages.

C.Itprintsreaders*artwork.D.Ithasnoadvertisements.

2.WhatdoesAQUILAofferitsreaders?

A.Articlesonmodernart.

B.Familyreadingmaterials.

C.Knowledgebeyondschoolsubjects.

D.Ideasonimprovingreadingskills.

3.WhoarethetargetreadersofAQUILA?

A.Foreignlanguagelearners.

B.Childrenwithlearningdifficulties.

C.Parent-childreadinglovers.

D.Curiouskidswithgoodcomprehension.

B

Zakiwassmallforhistwelveyears,andhewasangrybeingtreatedasachild.Farid,hisolderbrother,

hadbeenlookeduponasamanlongbeforehewasZaki'sage.EverydayFaridandtheotheryoung

Bahrainimenwentoutintheirwoodenboatstodiveforoysters（牡蠣）.ManytimesZakibeggedtogo

along,butFaridalwaysrefusedtolethim.

SoeverydayZakiwouldgototheshallowwatertopractice.Hisgrandfather,aformerdiver,would

watchhimandadvisehim.Allmorning,Zakiwouldpracticedivingbeneaththewaves.Everyafternoon,

againandagainhewouldgounderwaterandholdhisbreath.Witheachday'spractice,hisdivingimproved

andhecouldholdhisbreathalittlewhilelonger.SoonZakifeltasmuchathomeinthewaterashedidout

ofit.

Zakiroseearlyoneday.Hewantedtocompetewithhisbrother.Theydivedbeneaththewaves.Zaki

openedhiseyesandfoundhimselflookingintohisbrother'sface.Faridwassmilingwithconfidence.

Slowly,thesmilewasdisappearingfromFarid'sface.Asmoresecondspassed,aworriedlookappearedon

Farid'sface.FaridwasrealizingthatZakicouldpossiblybeathim.LookingintoFarid'seyes,Zaki

suddenlyunderstoodwhatlosingcouldmeantohisbrother.Neverwouldthevillagersallowhimtoliveit

down.Hewouldbelaughedatbylosingtoalittlechild.Almostwithoutthinking,Zakikickedhisfeetand

rosetothesurfaceofthewaterasecondbeforeFarid*sheadappearedbesidehim.

ThemenaroundthemcheeredandpattedFaridontheback.Farid,however,puthisarmaroundZaki*s

shoulders."Today,"Faridannounced,"weshallhaveanewdiveramongus."Thenquietly,forZaki'sears

alone,hesaid"Thankyou,mybrother.*'AndZakiknewthattheybothhadlearnedthatittakesmorethan

strengthtomakeaman.

4.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Zaki'sgrandfatherwasagooddiver.

B.Zakilikedstayingathomeeveryday.

C.Zakipractisedhardinthewaterdaily.

D.Zaki'sgrandfatherencouragedhimtodive.

5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesZakiaccordingtoparagraph3?

A.Considerate.B.Ambitious.C.Confident.D.Adventurous.

6.Whatcanweinferfromthelastsentenceofthetext?

A.Faridbeathislittlebrothereasily.

B.Zakiwasasstrongashisbrother.

C.Zakiregrettedlosingthecompetition.

D.BothFaridandZakihadgrownup.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Farid'sPrideB.Zaki'sChallenge

C.Brothers*CompetitionD.Grandfather'sAdvice

c

Whenananimalspeciesisconsideredendangered,itmeansthattheInternationalUnionfor

ConservationofNature(IUCN)hasevaluateditasnearlyextinct,whichmeansthatamajorityofits

populationhasalreadydiedoffandtherateofbirthislowerthanthespecies'deathrate.Today,moreand

moreanimalandplantspeciesareonthewaytoextinctionbecauseofavarietyofmajorfactorsthatcause

aspeciestobecomeendangered,andasyoumightexpect,humansplayaroleinquiteafewofthem一in

fact,thebiggestthreattoendangeredanimalsishumanencroachment（侵入）ontheirhabitats.

Everyspeciesneedsahabitat,whereananimalfindsfood,raisesitsyoung.Unfortunately,humans

destroyanimalhabitatsinanumberofdifferentways:buildinghouses,clearingforeststogellumberand

toplantcrops,drainingriverstobringwatertothosecrops,andmakingstreetsandparkinglots.

Inaddition,humandevelopmentpollutestheenvironmentwithallkindsofchemicals,whichdestroys

foodsourcesandsheltersforthecreaturesandplantsofthatarea.Asaresult,somespeciesdieoutwhile

othersarepushedintoareaswheretheycan'tfindfoodandshelters——tomakemattersworse,whenone

animalpopulationsuffers,itaffectsmanyotherspeciesinitsfoodweb,somorethanonespecies*

populationislikelytodecrease.

Habitatdestructionisthenumberonereasonfbranimalendangerment,whichiswhyconservation

groupsworkhardtorepairtheeffectsofhumandevelopments一manynon-profitgroupsliketheNature

Conservancyaretakingmeasurestocleanupcoastlinesandestablishnaturepreservestopreventfurther

harmtonativeenvironmentsandspeciesaroundtheworld.

8.Aspeciesisconsideredendangered.

A.whentheIUCNhasnoticeditspopulationchange

B.whenmostofitspopulationhasdiedoff

C.whenthespecies1birthrateisclosetoitsdeathrate

D.whenthespeciesislosingitshabitat

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"lumber“probablymean?

A.Gas.B.Food.C.Chemicals.D.Wood.

10.Whatisbeingdonetoprotecttheendangeredspecies?

A.Callingforhumandevelopment.B.Raisingmoney.

C.Establishingnaturepreserves.D.Educatingpeople.

11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Habitatdestructioncausesanimalendangerment.

B.Animalsdieoutduetoenvironmentpollution.

C.Measuresneedtobetakentoincreasespecies.

D.Non-profitgroupsaremakinggreatcontributions.

D

Therewillbemoreplasticthanfishintheworld'soceansby2050.Thatiswhatanewreportfromthe

WorldEconomicForumandEllenMacArthurFoundationwarns.Ifthecurrenttrendcontinues,thereport

said,oceanswillcontainonetonofplasticforeverythreetonsoffishin2025.By2050,plasticswillweigh

morethanfish.Theproblemisthateachyearatleast8milliontonsofplasticsendupinoceansaroundthe

world.Thisisthesameasdumpingthecontentsofonegarbagetruckintotheoceaneveryminute.

Notallplasticendsupintheoceanbecausesomeonethrowsaplasticbottleintothewater.Plastic

containersandothertrashthrownontostreetsandsidewalksoftenaresweptintooceans.Unlikeother

typesoftrashintheocean,theplasticneverbio-degrades.Thereisawaytoslowtheamountofplastics

goingintotheoceans-peoplecanrecyclemore.Currentlyonlyabout14percentofplasticsarerecycled.

ResearchinEuropeshowsasmuchas53percentofplasticcouldberecycledusingavailabletechnology.

Thereportsaysthatanothersolutionisusinglessplasticforpackagingproducts.Butthatisnotlikelyto

happen.

"Givenplasticpackaging'smanybenefits,boththepossibilityanddesirabilityofanacross-the-board

dramaticreductioninthevolumeofplasticpackagingusedisclearlylow,“thereportsaid.Buttheauthors

notereducingtheuseofplasticsshouldbetriedHwherepossible."Fordecades,scientistswarnedthat

plasticsarekillingfish.Researchshowsthatfisharedyingfromchokingaftereatingplastics.Another

causeofdeathisthatplasticscause"intestinalblockageandstarvation,"theenvironmentalgroupsaid.

12.WhyisthegarbagetruckmentionedinParagraph1?

A.Toexplainhowplasticsendupintheocean.

B.Towarnpeopleagainsttheoceanpollution.

C.Toclarifytheseriousnessoftheproblem.

D.Topointoutsomedetailsofthereport.

13.Whyisplasticmoredangerousthanothertypesoftrash?

A.Thereistoomuchofit.B.Itpoisonstheoceanwater.

C.Itisfromdifferentsources.D.Itishardtobreakdown.

14.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothesuggestedsolutions?

A.Pessimistic.B.Curious.C.Unconcerned.D.Terrified.

15.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.Peoplearenotawareoftheproblem.

B.Recyclingislimitedbylackoftechnology.

C.Plasticpackaginghasbecomepartofourlife.

D.Fishintheoceanwillbereplacedbyplastics.

二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）

Itisagreatexperienceforchildrentoseewhafsgoingonoutsideofwhattheyseeon

television.⑴Thenon-profitInaPerfectWorldworkstoputthefuturedirectlyinchildren'shandswith

youthinvolvement.Itisworkingtodevelopidealismintoactionforkidsofallages.

⑵Theyparticipatein"EverydayKindness"activitiesthatencouragethemtobegintounderstand

othersmightnothavewhattheyhave,andtoengageinserviceactivities.Thesearegenerallyfamily

activitiessuchaswritingdeliveryworkersthank-younotes,painting"loverocks"andrecycling

packages.⑶

Theseearlyactsofserviceprepareparticipantstobecome"YouthAmbassadors",aged13-18.Aspartof

thistwo-yearcurriculum,ambassadorshaveweeklymeetingswiththeirprogrammanager.⑷Recent

youth-ledprojectshaveincludedcreatingcarepackagesfornursesandcaregivers,offeringgrocery

deliverytoisolatedcommunitymembersandadoptinganursinghome.Activitiesarecreatedbasedonthe

ambassadors'interests,andthisprogramisalsonowofferedvirtually.

Theorganization'sbackpackdriveisanotherprojectinspiredbykidsthemselves.⑸Thisisalsoa

drivetobuildalong-termvisionfromtheveryyoungestages.Changescanbenoticedinthekidsthrough

theseactivities.

InaPerfectWorld,thesechangeswilllastalifetime.They'renotjusttakingpartinonefundraiser,and

theyYenotjustdoingoneserviceactivity,they'rereallygettingtrainingonhowtobeachangemaker.

A.Theyareevenatalosswhattodo.

B.Theyparticipateinserviceactivitiesregularly.

C.ThiseffortbeginswithnDreamcatchers"ages5-12.

D.Parentsmayconsideriftheirchildrencancreatetheirfuture.

E.Newactivitiesareaddedregularlytoaddresscurrentcircumstances.

F.However,thekidsmayaswellstarttotakepartasearlyastheycan.

G.Theidea,actually,goesbeyondaddressinganyoneofimmediateneeds.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共22.5分)

Insearchofalittlequiet,IhavespentsometimewanderingthroughtheAustraliantown,Walhalla.IfI

hadarrivedabout150yearsearlier,Iwouldhavefounda(an)(21)goldfieldtown.MAround1890,the

mainminewasthe(22)goldproducerinVictoria,"explainstheWalhallaStarHotel'sowner,Michael

Leaney.Aswewalkalongthemainroad,greenhighhillsriseoneitherside.Wefeel(23).

Whenthegoldranout,mostpeople(24),andtodayonlyabouttwenty(25)residentsareleftin

Walhalla.Astheresidentsleft,manybuildingswere(26).Whenthe70scame,thetownbegantobe

transformedintoatourist(27)andsomehistoricbuildingshavebeenrebuilt.

ThatnightwehavegreatdinneratWalhalla'spub.Wewalkbackinthedark.Therearenostreetlights

inthetownsothestars(28)brightlyagainstthenightsky.WalhallawasthelasttowninAustraliatoget

electricity.Leaneysays(29)moredevelopmentistocome:theIntemetandmobile(30)willimprove.

Afteraquickbreakfastatthehotelthenextmorning,Iwalkdownwhatwasonceahighstreetlined

with⑶)totheedgeofthelittletown.Holidayhomesandhistoricsignsare(32)inthetown.The

walktakesmeontothetram(礦車(chē))line.Alongsidethemountain,it'sthe(33)wherewoodfromthe

valleywasoncetransporteduptothemine.Thesedaysifsidealforviewsintothevalleybelow.The

mountain'streeswere(34)andnowtheyaregreenagain.

Leaneyhasinvitedmetorideanold-fashionedtrainthatrunsontherebuilttrainlinefromWalhallato

anearbytown.Theviewsare(35).Backintown,IleaveLeaneyformynextstop.

21.A.emptyB.far-offC.peacefulD.busy

22.A.biggestB.smallestC.oldestD.poorest

23.A.lonelyB.relaxedC.nervousD.regretful

24.A.movedawayB.hungaroundC.floodedinD.cheeredup

25.A.temporaryB.happyC.royalD.permanent

26.A.soldoutB.takenoverC.desertedD.shared

27.A.foundationB.opponentC.destinationD.possession

28.A.bounceB.shineC.emergeD.strike

29.A.thankfullyB.suddenlyC.unluckilyD.anxiously

30.A.benefitB.coverageC.comparisonD.competition

31.A.factoriesB.hospitalsC.museumsD.shops

32.A.spreadB.decoratedC.distributedD.placed

33.A.trackB.siteC.streetD.town

34.A.plantedB.destroyedC.burnedD.buried

35.A.boringB.plainC.heartbreakingD.breathtaking

四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

36.Tosomepeople,stayinginahotelisthewholepointoftravelling.Butwhatifyouarelooking

forsomethingmoreadventurous?Anewtypeof(1)(accommodate)maycatchyourattention.

Thatisspendinganightinacave.TheEnchantedCave,⑵islocatedintheBlueMountainsin

Australia,isanattractivedestination.⑶(design)toexcitethesenses,theCavehangsoversome

ofthemostbeautiful⑷(nature)sights.Atable,cupboardandsinkcarvedoutofstone⑸(lay)

inside.Modernfacilitiesinthecaveincludeaminikitchen,⑹mostcomfortablebedintheworld,

afireplaceandahotbath.OutdoorloverscantakefulladvantageoftheCavebyhikingthroughthe

pathsand⑺(put)theirtoesinthenearbyriver.TheEnchantedCaveinthewestofSydney

is⑻(true)aonce-in-a-lifetimeexperience.Itisaperfectwayforcouples⑼(enjoy)a

romanticnightunderthetwinklingstars.Youcanenjoyallofthisfbrthereasonablepriceof$500per

personeachnight.Keepacloseeye(10)theschedulesinceyoucangeta20%discountduringthe

summeroftheyear.

(I)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、任務(wù)型讀寫(xiě)(本大題共1小題，共25.0分)

37.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Algebra(代數(shù))wasmylastclassoftheday.Aftertheclass,Mrs.Sharpnackaskedmetostayto

discussmymidtermmathexam,whichIhadfailed.AlthoughIdidwellinlanguageandmanyother

subjects,Iwouldn'tbeonthehonorroll(光榮榜)thattermifIcouldn'tsoonmakebigprogressin

math.Injustafewweeks,thenamesofthehonorrollstudentswouldbereadduringtheclass.Iwas

sosad.

Seeingmysadness,Mrs.Sharpnacksaid,"Doyouwantmetosparesometimetohelpwithyour

math?Ithinkyoucanmakebigandquickprogress."ButIjustwantedtogohomeandneverthink

aboutalgebraagain.uNo,thanks,1'Isaid.AndIexplained,HUnlikeotherstudentsinmyclass,Iam

justnotgoodatthiskindofmath.Andnoamountofstudyingwillchangethat."

IalmostcriedwhenItalkedaboutit.Mrs.Sharpnackcomfortedme,saying,"Ifweworktogether,

Ibelieveyoucanchangeit."Foramoment,Iwonderedifshewouldberight.nWhattimedoesyour

buscome?"sheasked.Ihad30minutesleftbeforemybuscame,andItoldherso.SheaskedifI

wouldliketousethattimetogooverthemathproblemsIhadmet.Encouragedbyher,Ianswered."I

guessso.”

Westartedrightthenandmadeaplantomeeteachdayfortwoweeks,afterwhichMrs.

Sharpnackwouldgivemeatesttocheckmyprogress.AfterMrs.Sharpnackhelpedmegooverafew

problemsthatday,itwastimeformybustocome.Iwavedhergoodbye.Inthefollowingdays,I

continuedstayingwithMrs.Sharpnackafterclass.Shewentovereachproblem,carefullyexplaining

thesolutions.

SometimesIstillcouldn'tunderstandwhatshehadsaid.Shestayedcalm,though,andwouldthink

ofadifferentwaytoexplaintheanswer.Thedaytotakethetestcamequickly.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Paragraph1

Mrs.Sharpnackhandedouttestpapers.

Paragraph2

ThenextmorningsMrs.Sharpnackcameinwithgradedpapers.

六、書(shū)面表達(dá)(本大題共1小題，共25.0分)

38.假定你是李華，暑期在紐約學(xué)習(xí)，得知當(dāng)?shù)夭┪镳^要舉辦中國(guó)瓷器(china)展。請(qǐng)寫(xiě)一封

信申請(qǐng)做志愿者，內(nèi)容包括：

1.寫(xiě)信意圖；

2.應(yīng)征目的、優(yōu)勢(shì)。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右;

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

DearSir,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

答案和解析

1?3.【答案】D、C、D

【解析】1.【文章大意】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了名為AQUILA的兒童雜志，介紹了

AQUILA雜志的一些優(yōu)勢(shì)以及訂閱價(jià)格等信息。

根據(jù)第二段第二句Ithas28pages,printedonhigh-qualitypaperandtherearenoadvertisementsor

posters.（它有28頁(yè)，用高質(zhì)量的紙張印刷，沒(méi)有廣告或海報(bào)。）可知，它有28頁(yè)，印刷在高質(zhì)

量的紙張上，沒(méi)有廣告或海報(bào)。由此可知，AQUILA特別之處在于它沒(méi)有廣告。故選D。

2.根據(jù)第三段第一句AQUILAworksasasuperblearningextensiontocurrentprimary（orKS2andKS3）

curriculum,butitismuchmorethanthat!（AQUILA是目前小學(xué)（或KS2和KS3）課程的極好的學(xué)

習(xí)擴(kuò)展，但它遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不止于此！）可知，AQUILA作為在校課程拓展，為讀者提供學(xué)?？颇恳酝獾?/p>

知識(shí)。故選C。

3.根據(jù)第四段第一句TheconceptsinAQUILAcanbechallenging,requiringgoodcomprehensionand

readingskills.8yearsisusuallyagoodagetostart.（AQUILA中的概念可能具有挑戰(zhàn)性，需要良好

的理解和閱讀技能。8歲通常是一個(gè)好的開(kāi)始。）可知，AQUILA對(duì)讀者有要求，內(nèi)容有一定難

度,需要理解力和一定的閱讀技巧。因此，可以說(shuō)AQUILA是為好奇心強(qiáng)，理解力強(qiáng)的孩子設(shè)計(jì)

的。故選D。

4?7.【答案】C、A、D、B

【解析】1?【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。Zaki在12歲的時(shí)候還被看做是小孩，不能出海捕魚(yú)，

成天在淺水區(qū)訓(xùn)練，而他的哥哥在12歲的時(shí)候早已經(jīng)被看作一個(gè)成人，這使他很沮喪。有一天，

他決定與哥哥比賽潛水，當(dāng)他發(fā)現(xiàn)哥哥快要堅(jiān)持不住的時(shí)候，他突然意識(shí)到失敗對(duì)哥哥意味著什

么，他在哥哥浮出水面前先浮出水面，成全了哥哥。他們倆都從中學(xué)到了很多。

第二段主要講述Zaki每天在祖父的陪伴下去淺水區(qū)訓(xùn)練，早上在波浪下潛水，下午在水下練習(xí)憋

氣，經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期的訓(xùn)練，他在水下與水面上感覺(jué)都差不多了，也就是潛水能力超強(qiáng)了。所以這段話

主要描述Zaki每天在水下的努力訓(xùn)練。故選C。

2.第三段描述的是Zaki與哥哥在水下潛水的比賽。當(dāng)他發(fā)現(xiàn)哥哥無(wú)法堅(jiān)持，想要浮出水面的時(shí)候，

他自己先浮出水面，讓哥哥贏得比賽。因?yàn)樗蝗灰庾R(shí)到了這次失敗可能意味著哥哥以后都不能

捕魚(yú)了。所以可以看出Zaki是很貼心很善解人意的。A.Considerate體貼的，體諒的；B.Ambitious

野心勃勃的；C.Confident自信的：D.Adventurous喜歡冒險(xiǎn)的。故選A。

3.由最后一段中的Thenquietly,forZaki'searsalone,hesaid"Thankyou,mybrother."（然后，只有

Zaki一個(gè)人聽(tīng)著，他輕聲說(shuō)：“謝謝你，我的兄弟?！保┛芍現(xiàn)arid理解弟弟有意讓他贏得比賽，

對(duì)弟弟很是感激，還宣布他們今天又有了一名潛水員。由最后一段中的Zakiknewthattheybothhad

learnedthatittakesmorethanstrengthtomakeaman.（Zaki知道，他們倆都明白了，造就一個(gè)人需

要的不僅僅是力量。）可知，Zaki也從比賽中懂得了成為一個(gè)真正的男人需要的不僅僅是力量。

所以兩個(gè)人都從中懂得了很多，都獲得了成長(zhǎng)。故選D。

4.本文開(kāi)始描寫(xiě)的是12歲的Zaki還被當(dāng)做小孩的失落，最后通過(guò)比賽，不僅自己成為了潛水員，

還明白了成為一個(gè)真正的男人需要的不僅僅是力量。Zaki面臨的不僅是成為潛水員的挑戰(zhàn)，更是

為人設(shè)身處地考慮的挑戰(zhàn)。所以是比賽中的這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)讓Zaki懂得了這些道理，也是這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)體現(xiàn)

著文章的中心。故選B。

8?11.【答案】B、D、C、A

【解析】1.【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章分析了人類(lèi)活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致動(dòng)物棲息地遭到破壞，從而

導(dǎo)致動(dòng)物瀕臨滅絕的現(xiàn)象。

根據(jù)第一段中的Whenananimalspecies…deathrate（當(dāng)一種動(dòng)物被認(rèn)為瀕臨滅絕時(shí)，就意味著國(guó)

際自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟（IUCN）已經(jīng)將其評(píng)估為瀕臨滅絕的動(dòng)物，這意味著它的大部分種群已經(jīng)滅絕，

而且出生率低于該物種的死亡率）可知，當(dāng)一個(gè)物種的大多數(shù)群體都已經(jīng)滅絕的時(shí)候，這個(gè)物種

就被認(rèn)為是瀕危物種了。故選B。

2.根據(jù)第二段中的Unfortunately,humansdestroyanimalhabitatsinanumberofdifferentways:

buildinghouses,clearingforeststogetlumberandtoplantcrops,drainingriverstobringwatertothose

crops,andmakingstreetsandparkinglots.（不幸的是，人類(lèi)通過(guò)許多不同的方式破壞動(dòng)物的棲息地：

建造房屋，砍伐森林以獲得lumber和種植作物，排水為這些作物帶來(lái)水，以及建造街道和停車(chē)場(chǎng)）

及常識(shí)可知，人們砍伐森林的目的是得到木頭和獲得空間來(lái)種莊稼。由此推知，劃線詞的意思為

“木頭”。故選D。

3.根據(jù)最后一段中的manynon-profitgroupsliketheNatureConservancyaretakingmeasurestoclean

upcoastlinesandestablishnaturepreservestopreventfurtherharmtonativeenvironmentsandspecies

aroundtheworld.（許多非營(yíng)利組織，如自然保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)，正在采取措施清理海岸線，建立自然保護(hù)

區(qū)，以防止對(duì)世界各地的本土環(huán)境和物種的進(jìn)一步傷害）可知，清理海岸線，建立自然保護(hù)區(qū)都

是正在采取的措施，這些措施的目的就是保護(hù)本土環(huán)境和物種。故選C。

4.第一段首先說(shuō)明了瀕危物種的概念，然后在段末infact,thebiggestthreattoendangeredanimalsis

humanencroachment（侵入）ontheirhabitats（事實(shí)上，瀕危動(dòng)物的最大威脅是人類(lèi)的入侵它們的棲

息地）點(diǎn)明目前導(dǎo)物種瀕危的主要原因：棲息地遭到人類(lèi)破壞。根據(jù)第二段中的Unfortunately,

humansdestroyanimalhabitatsinanumberofdifferentways（不幸的是，人類(lèi)破壞動(dòng)物棲息地的方

式多種多樣）;第三段中的Inaddition,humandevelopmentpollutestheenvironmentwithallkindsof

chemicals,whichdestroysfoodsourcesandsheltersforthecreaturesandplantsofthatarea（此外，人

類(lèi)的發(fā)展用各種化學(xué)物質(zhì)污染了環(huán)境，破壞了該地區(qū)生物和植物的食物來(lái)源和住所）和第四段中

的Habitatdestructionisthenumberonereasonforanimalendangerment（棲息地的破壞是動(dòng)物瀕臨滅

絕的首要原因）可知，第二段到第四段主要分析了動(dòng)物棲息地遭到破壞從而導(dǎo)致動(dòng)物瀕臨滅絕的

現(xiàn)象。由此可知，文章的中心就是在闡述：棲息地遭到破壞導(dǎo)致動(dòng)物瀕臨滅絕。故選A。

12?15.【答案】C、D、A、C

【解析】1.【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了海洋塑料垃圾日益增加，對(duì)魚(yú)類(lèi)危害

很大。但是目前回收塑料垃圾比例很低，而我們生活又離不開(kāi)塑料袋。因此，如何能更好地解決

這一問(wèn)題迫在眉睫。

根據(jù)最后一段By2050,plasticswillweighmorethanfish.Theproblemisthateachyearatleast8million

tonsofplasticsendupinoceansaroundtheworld.Thisisthesameasdumpingthecontentsofone

garbagetruckintotheoceaneveryminute.（到2050年，塑料廢棄物總重量會(huì)比魚(yú)重很多。問(wèn)題是，

每年至少8百萬(wàn)頓塑料廢棄物會(huì)被扔進(jìn)世界各地的海洋。這就和每分鐘往海洋中傾倒一垃圾車(chē)的

垃圾是一樣的）可知，作者用這種直觀細(xì)化的方法闡述了海洋塑料垃問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重性，與選項(xiàng)C（為

了闡述問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重性）符合，故選C。

2.根據(jù)第二段Unlikeothertypesoftrashintheocean,theplasticneverbio-degrades.（不像海洋中的

其他種類(lèi)的垃圾，塑料垃圾不會(huì)進(jìn)行生物降解）可知，塑料垃圾很難降解，與選項(xiàng)D（它很難降

解）符合，故選D。

3.根據(jù)第二段Thereisawaytoslow-Butthatisnotlikelytohappen.（有一種方法可以減緩塑料垃

圾進(jìn)入海洋一一人們可以多回收。當(dāng)下只有14%的塑料可以被回收。歐洲的研究表明，使用現(xiàn)有

技術(shù)，多達(dá)53%的塑料可以被回收。這個(gè)報(bào)告說(shuō)另一種解決方法是少使用塑料袋來(lái)包裝產(chǎn)品。但

是那是不可能發(fā)生的）可知，塑料的循環(huán)使用比例低，且減少塑料包裝的使用是不太可能，所以

可推斷出作者對(duì)所提的建議是持悲觀態(tài)度，故選A。

4.根據(jù)第二段Thereportsaysthatanothersolutionisusinglessplasticforpackagingproducts.Butthatis

notlikelytohappen.（這個(gè)報(bào)告說(shuō)另一種解決方法是少使用塑料袋來(lái)包裝產(chǎn)品。但是那是不可能發(fā)

生的）可知，想要減少塑料包裝的使用很難，因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)成為日常生活的一部分，與選項(xiàng)C（塑

料包裝已經(jīng)成為我們生活的一部分）符合，故選C。

16?20.【答案】D、C、E、B、G

【解析】1.【我只知道有】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了非盈利性組織InaPerfectWorld通過(guò)組

織服務(wù)活動(dòng)為孩子們提供了一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)去接觸社會(huì)。

下文Thenon-profitInaPerfectWorldworkstoputthefuturedirectlyinchildren'shandswithyouth

involvement.Itisworkingtodevelopidealismintoactionforkidsofallages.（非營(yíng)利組織InaPerfect

致力于通過(guò)讓兒童參與來(lái)直接掌握未來(lái)。它努力將理想主義轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檫m合所有年齡段的孩子

的行動(dòng)。）說(shuō)明這個(gè)非盈利組織通過(guò)讓兒童直接參與，讓他們把握自己的未來(lái)，D項(xiàng)中的createtheir

future.與之相符，因此推斷D項(xiàng)（父母可以考慮他們的孩子是否能創(chuàng)造他們的未來(lái)。）符合語(yǔ)境，

與上文forchildrentoseewhat'sgoingonoutsideofwhattheyseeontelevision是順承關(guān)系，弓I出本文

的主題，介紹非盈利組織InaPerfectWorld,故選D。

2.下文Theyparticipatein"EverydayKindness"activitiesthatencouragethemtobegintounderstand

othersmightnothavewhattheyhave,andtoengageinserviceactivities.（他們參與"日常善良"活動(dòng)，

這些活動(dòng)鼓勵(lì)他們開(kāi)始了解其他人可能沒(méi)有他們所擁有的，并參與服務(wù)活動(dòng)）講述孩子們參與不

同的活動(dòng)，空格處應(yīng)該提到they指代的人，C項(xiàng)中的"Dreamcatchers"ages5-12.符合語(yǔ)境，指代這

個(gè)組織面向的兒童，C項(xiàng)中的Thiseffort指代上文提到的workstoputthefuturedirectlyinchildren's

handswithyouthinvolvement.Ilisworkingtodevelopidealismintoactionforkidsofallages,這個(gè)非

盈利組織致力于做的事情，因此推斷C選項(xiàng)（這些努力從5至12歲的“捕夢(mèng)者”開(kāi)始。）符合語(yǔ)

境。故選C。

3.上文Thesearegenerallyfamilyactivitiessuchaswritingdeliveryworkersthank-younotes,painting

"loverocks"andrecyclingpackages.（這些通常都是家庭活動(dòng)，比如給快遞員寫(xiě)感謝信、畫(huà)"愛(ài)石"

和回收包裝）介紹了一些家庭活動(dòng)，E項(xiàng)中的activities與上文?致，因此推斷E項(xiàng)（定期增加新

的活動(dòng)以應(yīng)對(duì)當(dāng)前的情況。）符合語(yǔ)境，與上文是順承關(guān)系。故選E。

4.上文Aspartofthistwo-yearcurriculum,ambassadorshaveweeklymeetingswiththeirprogram

manager.（作為這兩年課程的一部分，大使們每周都會(huì)與他們的項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理會(huì)面）介紹了大使們的

一些工作，B項(xiàng)中的participateinserviceactivitiesregularly進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明大使們參加的活動(dòng)，they指

代上文提的ambassadors,因此推斷B選項(xiàng)（他們定期參加服務(wù)活動(dòng)。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。

5.上文Theorganization'sbackpackdriveisanotherprojectinspiredbykidsthemselves.（該組織的