大學(xué)英語創(chuàng)意閱讀三答案完整版

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UnitOne

Wordstonote;

3.6.4.5.1.2.

Understandingthetext

PartA:

Risk-taking willingtotakerisks.Theyareabletolearnunderconditionsofsomeuncertainty.

Recall usetechniqueslikerhymesandwordassociationstorecallwhathasbeenlearned.

Errors arenotdiscouragedbymakingerrorsbutrathermakeerrorsworkasaconstructivepartofthelearningprocess.

Gettingexposuretotheforeignlanguage findwaysofgettingincreasedexposuretotheforeignlanguageoutsideoftheclassroom.Thismaytaketheformsoftalkingtonativespeakers,watchingTVprogramsandvideosandreadingextensively.

Usingrulesandknowledgeofthefirstlanguage developathroughunderstandingoftherulesoftheforeignlanguageandhowtoapplytheserules.Theyalsouseknowledgeoftheirfirstlanguagetohelpthemmastertheforeignlanguage.

PartB:

1.b

2.·beforepara.13

·para.8

·para.2

3.Para.7&.13

Developingyourskills

PartA:

3.8.13.1.

PartB:

6.3.2.5.1.4.

PartC

***********

PartD

avoidantdependentparticipantcompetitivecollaborativeindependent

Extendingyourvocabulary

PartA:

cefbad

PartB:

hgjabIdecf

UnitTwo

Wordstonote:

4.5.1.3.2.

Understandingthetext

1.C.D.

2.D

3.A

4.D

5.receivingfulldetailsofimportantproductionprocesses,whichtheythenusetocopyandselltheproductionoftheseprocesses.

6.buytheexpensivesoftwaresoldbyWesterncompaniesandbecausesoftwarecountiesapplyinternationallawswithunfairharshnessinAsia.

Developingyourskills

PartA:

Text1:

Example LondaxRondax

Example Thebreakfastcereal,Kellogg’sCornflakes,wascopiedasKongalCornstrips.

Example Locallawsshouldbechangedtoprotectcompanies’intellectualpropertyrightsandifthisfailscompaniesshouldemploymoreinspectorstocheckforcopyrightabuse.

Text2:

Argument TheconceptofintellectualpropertyisaWesternoneandcanharmtheprogressofothercountries.Forthisreason,copyrightinfringementshouldnotbeconsideredillegal.

Argument Copyrightlawsarenotappliedfairly;somecountries<notablythoseintheMiddleEast>areallowedtoabusecopyrightmoreeasilythanothercountries.

PartB

PointsofContrast TextOne TxtTwo

Conceptshouldbeheldindoubt.Itisresentandignoresancientcontributionstoknowledgewhicharenotchargedfor.

Effect Companiessufferfinanciallosses

andasaresultarelesslikelyto

investinbuildingproductionplants

intheoffendingcountry.Theexistence

ofpiracyalsomakescompaniesless

willingtoputmoneyintonewresearch

anddevelopmentprojects.

Suggestedsolution Copyrightclaimsshouldbewaived,oratleastleviedatadiscountedratefordevelopingcountries.

Extendingyourvocabulary

PartA:

fakeadvancedmassiveessential

PartB

edghcbaf

UnitThree

Wordstonote

4,5,3,1,2

Understandingthetext

PartA:TrueorFalse

Statements

True

False

1.OnereasonstudentslikeusingtheWebisthatithelpsthemtobuythingsinaconvenientway.

√

2.PublishingontheWebiseasierthanpublishinginthemoretraditionalmedia.

√

3.InusingmaterialfoundontheWebforacademicpurpose,youneedtobepreparedtotakerisks.

√

4.YoushouldbesuspiciousofaWebsitewhichoffersnocontactdetails.

√

5.YouaretheWeb'squalitycontrolmechanism.

√

PartBInterpretation

1.b>2.d>3.a>4.b>

Developingyouskills

PartA:Structureofapassage<sequencinginformation>:furtherpractice

Ifnoemailaddressisgiven,carryoutnamesearchesusingon-linecatalogues.<c>

Ifthesiteisprivate,checkitforauthor'sbiodata,affiliationsandanymeansofcontact.<b>

Ifanemailaddressisprovided,examineitcloselytoestablishwhetheritisinstitutionalorindividualandifstillindoubt,contacttheauthordirectly.<d>

Examinethedocumentitselftocheckitforcompliancewithacademicconventions,toneandstyle,backgroundinformationandknowledgeofup-to-dateresearchmethods.<e>

Checktofindoutifasiteisinstitutionalorindividualbylookingforalogo,organizationchart,missionstatementetc.<a>

PartB:Structureofapassage<paragraphinsertion>:furtherpractice

Inserttheparagraphbetweenthepresentparagraphs1and2

PartC:Structureofapassage<paragraphreversal>:furtherpractice

Paragraph3andparagraph4needtobereversed.

Extendingyourvocabulary

PartA:Wordfamilies

download

programme

interface

email

ICQ

virus

games

Excel

PartB:"Oddmanout"

of

a>atinonunderbelownear

dance

b>singtalkspeakshoutwhisperscream

spherical

c>squarecirculartriangularrectangularhexagonal

walk

d>dripsquirttrickleflowrungush

hold

e>walkrunleapjumpjogstrollhop

"of"istheonlyonewhichdoesnotindicateposition/location.

"dance"doesnotdescribesound;theotherwordsaresoundsmadeusingthehumanvoice.

"spherical"describesathree-dimensionalshape;theothersaretwo-dimensional.

"walk"isneverusedtodescribethemovementofaliquid;theotherwordsdoso.

"hold"describesastableaction,notamovement;theotherwordsdescribeeitherhorizontalorverticalmovement.

Expandingyourcreativity

ComparingtheWebwithtraditionalmedia

Web

TraditionalMedia

TheWebgivesaccesstoagreatamountofdataandiseasytoaccessinanylocation.

Travelisnecessarytovisitlibraries.

ItispossibletoputanykindofmaterialuponWebandreachaverylargeaudience.

Publishingcompaniesselectauthorsverycarefully;booksarereviewedbyexperts,andeditorsandbookdesignersmakefurtherimprovements.

TherearenochecksonmaterialtobeputuponWebandoneresultofthisistheverylargeamountofpornographyavailable.

ThecontentofTV,videoandradioprogrammesiscontrolledbylawtoprotectaudiencefrombias,sex,violenceandbadlanguage.

UnitFour

Wordstonote

5,8,1,6,10,4,2,7,9,11,3

Understandingthetext

PartA:Author'sattitudeandpurpose

1.d>2.c>

PartB:Comprehensionthetext

1.c>2.d>3.c>4.d>5.a>

Developingyourskills

PartA:Recognisingthethemeofaparagraph:furtherpractice

Paragraph1

researchintowhysomepeoplelivetobeveryold

Paragraph2

ageneforlonglifehighlyunlikely

Paragraph3

agingcannotbeprevented

Paragraph4

improvingliferatherthanmakingitlonger

Paragraph5

theprotectivefunctionoftheagingprocess

Paragraph6

non-geneticfactorsinagingresearch

PartB:Respondingtoquestionsonthetext

Q2

A2.No,agingcannotbepreventedbutpeoplewhotakedietarysupplements<especiallythosewhichdestroyfreeradicalmolecules>mayfeelmoreenergetic.

Q3

A3.Yes,becausescientistsbelievethatextendingthehumanlifespanmightwellleadtoseriousnegativeeffects.

Q4

A4.Yes,itis.Theagingprocessisimportantinfightingcancer,becauseproteinswhichdestroycancercellsalsocauseaging.

Q5

A5.Yes,theyareveryimportant.Researchshowsthathealthyfood,lowstressandanoutdoorlifestylearebestforlonglife.

PartC:Contextsandimplications

EnglishProverbs

1.Youareasoldasyoufeel.

●Yourfeelingsaboutyourselfareveryimportant;ninety-year-oldpeoplecanfeelandactlikefiftyyearoldsiftheyhavetherightattitudetolife.

●Somebodymightsaythistocheeranotherpersonuportoencouragethepersontofeelbetterabouthimselforherself.

●Thespeakerprobablyhasanoptimistic<andyoung>feelingaboutlife.

2.Lifebeginsatforty.

●Fortyisn't"old",it'ssimplya"birth"intoanewstageoflife.

●Itmightbesaidtosomeoneapproachinghisorherfortiethbirthday.

●Heorshedoesn'tfearbeingforty,doesn'tthinkfortyisold,andthinksof"middleage"asbeingthebeginningofaninterestingstageoflifewhenheorshecandonewthings.

3.Nobodygrowsoldbymerelylivinganumberofyears;peoplegrowoldbydesertingtheirideals.

●Yearsaren'timportant;preservingyouthfulidealismismoreimportant.

●Inadebateabouttheproblemsofaging,forexample.

●Youthfulidealsshouldbekeptthroughoutthewholeoflife;ifyoukeeptheseideals,youcanstayyounginyourattitude.

4.Youthlooksforwardbutagelooksback.

●Youngpeopleanticipatethefuturewithpleasure;olderpeoplereminisceabouttheiryouth.

●Perhapsinasituationwhensomeoneisreflectingseriouslyaboutlife.

●It'saphilosophical,analyticalcommentaboutattitudes.

5.It'snothowoldyouare,buthowyouareold.

●Ageisnotimportant;yourattitudetowardsyourageandlifeingeneraliscrucial.

●Inasituationtoencouragesomebodytobemoreoptimistictowardslife.

●Thespeakerisalmostcertainlyoptimistic;thesuggestionisthattherearemanywaystobeoldandsomeofthemaregood.

6.Hethatinyouthnovirtueuses,inageallhonorhimrefuses.

●Bevirtuouswhenyouareyoungifyouwantrespectlaterinlife.

●Perhapsinacontextwhereanolderpersonwantstogivefriendlyadvicetoayoungsterwhentheyoungerpersoniswonderingabouttherightcourseofaction.

●Thespeakerseesadirectlinkbetweenactionsinyouthandtheconsequencesinlaterlife.

7.Youngfolkthinkoldfolkarefools,butoldfolkknowyoungfolkarefools.

●Youngstersonlyhaveopinions;theireldersknowthetruththroughexperience.

●Perhapsinasocialsettingwherepeoplefromdifferentgenerationsareteasingeachother.

●Thespeakeralmostcertainlybelongstotheoldergenerationandisconfidentofhisorherownsuperiorknowledge.

8.Oldagedoesn'tseemsobadwhenyouconsiderthealternative.

●Theonlyalternativeistodiebecauseyoucannotbecomeyoungagain.

●Asajokeorahumorouscomment,perhapsaftersomeonehassaidsomethingnegativeaboutbeingold.

●He/Shecertainlyviewsaginginapositivelight.

9.Anoldpersonlovediswinterwithflowers.<German>

●Anoldpersonwhoislovedhasanextrabonusbecauselovebrightenstheirlife;oldageislikethewinterofaperson'slife,butwinteralsohasitsbeautifulorbrightaspects,likeflowers.

●Perhapsitwouldbesaidtoanolderperson,toremindhim/heroflife'sblessings.

●It'sacommentreflectingbothjoyandsadness;itrecognizesthatsomeoldpeopleenjoytheloveoffamily,friends,neighbours,etc.,butsomearealoneandlonely.

10.Fortyistheoldageofyouth,fiftyistheyouthofoldage.<French>

●Youngpeopleseefortyas"old",butolderpeopleseefiftyas"young".

●Thisisperhapsmorelikelytobewrittenratherthanspokenperhapsinanessay.Thewriterseemstohavesomeoptimismaboutbeingfifty.

●Itisareferencetodifferentperspectives,differentattitudesofvariousagesto"age".

11.Oldageisnotmisery,experiencehelps.<Greek>

●Peoplemaythinkthatbeingoldisamisery,buthavingtheyearsofexperienceofoldpeoplehelpsyoutoliveyourlifeinabetterway.Analternativeinterpretationisthatitisnotsimplyoldagewhichmakesolderpeoplemiserable,itistheaccumulationoftheirexperienceswhichmakethemmiserable.Thesecondinterpretationisaratherwryjoke.

●Perhapseitherasajokeorasaserious<butpessimistic>commentonlife,almostcertainlymadebyanoldperson.

●Itcouldreflectahumorous,philosophical,non-seriousview;ortheopposite,amournfulcry.

12.Bylivinglongwelearntolive.<Italian>

●Experience<"livinglong">teachesushowtolivewell.

●Again,perhapsitismorelikelytobewrittenthanspoken.

●Experiencesovermanyyearsareseenasblessingsandbenefits.

13.Ifoneknewthevalueofyouth,therewouldbelittletolamentinoldage.<Turkish>

●Enjoyyouryouthandmakethemostoftheopportunitieswhichcomeyourway;then,whenyouareolder,youwon'thaveanyregretsthatyouwastedit.

●Anolderpersonperhapsaparenttoayoungerpeople;thecommentalsoshowswryhumourbysuggestingthatthemainpreoccupationofolderpeopleisthattheylamenttheirlostyouth.

●He/Sheseesyouthaspricelessandnottobewasted.

14.Attwentyapersonwillbeapeacock,atthirtyalion,atfortyacamel,atfiftyasnake,atsixtyadog,atseventyamonkey,andateightynothingatall.<Spanish>

●Thegeneralmeaningisthatpeoplechangeastheygrowolder.Thespecificmeaningofeachstagedependsonhowpeopleunderstandthemetaphorsoftheanimals<andthisvariesindifferentcultures>.AlikelySpanishinterpretationis:attwentypeopleareconcernedwiththeirappearance,atthirtytheyarebrave,atfortytheycarryheavyburdens,atfiftytheytwistandturnandcan'tbetrusted,atsixtytheyareloyal,atseventytheyarewise,ateightytheyarenothing.

●Asit'sratherlong,itismorelikelytobepartofawrittenpaper.Nowitcouldbesaidbyanybodyatanystagebutprobablyoriginallyitwaswrittenbyanolderperson.

●Perhapsitreflectsacynicalattitudetothewaypeopledevelop.PerhapsstudentsmightherebeaskedtoexplainwhateachofthedifferentcreaturesatthevariousstagesofliferepresentinChineseorothercultures.

15.Ebbtidehascometomeastothesea,

Oldagemakesmebleed,

ThoughImaysorrowoverthis,

Thetidereturnshappily.<Irish>

●Thetide"ebbs"<i.e.itsstrengthandpowerislessened>andhumanbeingsgetolderandbecomelessstrong.Thismakes"me"feelsad;buttheseaisnotsadbecauseafteritebbs,thetidereturnsasstrongaseverandotherpeopleareyoungandtheirtideisrising.

●Spokenorreadinapoem.

●Perhapssaidbysomeonewho,thoughhe/shefeelssad,canrationalizeandseethatthereisnoreasontobesad.

Extendingyourvocabulary

Synonymsandwordclasses

Words

WordsfromText

WordClass

1.discovery<paragraph1>

breakthrough

noun

2.unexpectedlyfast<para.1>

dramatically

adverb

3.additionstonormalfoodintake<para.1>

dietarysupplements

noun

4.prolonged<para.1>

extended

verb

5.donewithoutactiveintervention<para.2>

passively

adverb

6.getting<para.3>

contracting

noun<gerund>

7.havingnoend<para.3>

eternal

adjective

8.improving<para.4>

boosting

noun<gerund>

9.usually<para.4>

normally

adverb

10.leadingtodisagreement<para.5>

controversial

adjective

Furtherinformation

Paradoxes:Weageinordertolivelonger

Theessentialpointforstudentstoconsideristhatparadoxesexpressdilemmas,contradictions,uncertaintiesandambiguities.Oftenparadoxesalsogiveinsightsintothedifficultiesoflife;theymayexpressthesedifficultieswithhumour.Studentsmaydiscusstheparadoxesinpairsthemainideaistoconsiderwhattheymeanandtotrytoexpresstheapparentcontradictions.Thisisausefulandperhapschallengingtasktothink,throughusingEnglish.Thetaskdoesnotnecessarilyrequireanelaborategrammarortheuseofcomplexgrammar.Itdoesrequirelogicalandimaginativethinkingandclear,perhapssimple,expression.Teachersmayfinditusefultoaskstudentstoworkinpairsandchoosedifferentparadoxesandwritedowntheirthinkingandexplanationsaboutthem;latertheycanreadtheirexplanations<slowly>totheclass,whomayjudgewhichistheexplanationwhichbestexplorestheparadox.

Page42

●Thechildisthefatheroftheman.

Childrengrowuptobecomeadultsandwhathappensinchildhoodisvitallyimportantbecauseadultsdeveloponthebasisoftheirchildhood.Justasachildinheritsgeneticcharacteristicsfromtheirparents,thestageofearlychildhoodforanindividualisthesocial"inheritance"ofeachadultthisisthebasisforthedevelopmentoftherestoftheirlife<whenthechildbecomes"theman">.Parentshavechildrenwhogrowup;however,childrenalsogrowuptobecomeparents,whohavechildrenintheirturnwhoalsobecomeparents...

●Badisnevergooduntilworsehappens.

Whensomethingbadhappensitisdifficulttoseeanythinggoodaboutit.Butwhensomethingevenworsehappens,whatwethoughtwasbadbeforedoesn'tlooksobadafterall.Ofcourse,whatis"worse"mayalsoseemnotsobadwhensomethingworsestillhappens!Ourperceptionsofwhatarebadorgoodeventsarerelativetootherevents.

●Everythingchangesexceptchangeitself.

Changeisineverything.Onlythelawthateverythingchangesdoesnotchange.Ontheotherhand,ifeverythingchanges,thisshouldincludechangeitself<thenatureofparticularchangesshouldchangeoreventheverynatureofchangeitself>.Ifchangechangesthenthismustincludenochange,whichwouldbeachangefromchanging.Ifchangedoesnotchange,thenthereissomethingtowhichthelawofchangedoesnotapplywhichmeansthatnoteverythingchanges.

●Allruleshaveexceptions,includingthisone.

Aruleisageneralstatement.Itmayincludeeverythinginitsscopeoritmayhaveexceptions.Theproblemhereisthatiftheruleisthat"allruleshaveexceptions",thenthereareexceptionstotherulethat"allruleshaveexceptions":Doesthismeanthattheruleisn'taruleorthattheexceptionisn'tanexceptionorthattheexceptiontotherulethat"allruleshaveexceptions"meansthattherearenoexceptions,includingtheexceptiontotherulethat"allruleshaveexceptions"...?

●Asadistisapersonwhoiskindtoamasochist.

Asadistissomeonewhogetspleasurefromhurtingorbeingcrueltosomeoneelse.Amasochistissomeonewhogetspleasurefrombeinghurt.Weexpectthesadisttobenastytoothers,includingbeingnastytothemasochist.Butthesadistknowsthatthemasochistwantstobehurt,sobeingkindtothemasochist<whoexpectstobehurtbythesadist>isawayforthesadisttogetpleasure.Theproblemnowisthatthesadistisgettingpleasurebynothurtingsomeone<whichmeansthatthesadistisn'tbeingasadist>.Asecondproblemisthatthemasochistmaybegettingpleasurebyanticipatingbeinghurt<whichheenjoysandlooksforwardto>andmaythereforebegettingpleasurefromthekindnessofthesadist<who,asthemasochistknows,wantstohurtthemasochist>becauseheanticipatesbeinghurtbynotbeinghurtyet<whichmeansthatthemasochistisn'tbeingamasochist>.

●Nothingisenoughforthepersontowhomenoughistoolittle.

Somepeoplearegreedy.Theywantmorethanothers.Theywantmorethantheamountwhichwouldsatisfyothers.<andbeenoughforthem>.Soforthegreedyperson"enough"<forothers>isalwaystoolittle<forthegreedyone>.Sothereisnever"enough"and"nothingisenough"forthegreedyperson;thismeansthereisno"enough".Buttheproblemisthatitmayalsomeanthatifthegreedypersonhas"nothing",itis"enough"<because"nothingisenough">,inwhichcasethepersonisnotgreedyandis,infact,satisfiedwithnothing<sincehehas"nothing"whichis"enough">.

●Iftherichcouldhireotherpeopletodieforthem,thepoorcouldmakeawonderfulliving.

Everybodydiesatsometime.Richpeoplemaywishtokeeponlivingbecausetheyhavelotsofmoneytoenjoytheirlife.Soiftherichpeoplecouldpaypoorpeopletodieforthem,thentherichpeoplecouldkeeponlivingforlongerandkeeponenjoyingtheirlife.Thepoorwouldmakealiving<i.e.earnmoneytolive>bydyinginsteadoftherich.Ofcourse,payingonepoorpersontodieinsteadoftherichpersonwhoisdyingwouldnotbeenoughbecausedeathisalwayswaiting<foreverybody,richorpoor>,sotherichwouldhavetokeeponpayingmoreandmorepoorpeopletodieforthemotherwisetheycanonlypostponedeathforashorttime.Sothepoorpeoplecanmakeawonderfullivingbecausetheywillbecontinuallypaidmoneybytherich.Butthepooronlygetthismoneyifsomeofthemkeepdying.Sonow,manypoorpeopledie<paidforbytherich>buttheotherswhoarestilllivinggetrich<keepingthemoneywhichtheirdeadpoorrelativesreceivedfromtherich>.Butthesenewrichpeople<whowerepoorbefore>willdieunlesstheypaypoorpeopletodieforthem.Iftheydoso,thepoorrelativesofthosepooroneswhodieforthenewrichwillthemselveseventuallybecomerichandwillneedtopayotherpoorpeopletodieforthemiftheywishtokeeponliving.

UnitThree

Wordstonote

4,5,3,1,2

Understandingthetext

PartA:TrueorFalse

Statements

True

False

1.OnereasonstudentslikeusingtheWebisthatithelpsthemtobuythingsinaconvenientway.

√

2.PublishingontheWebiseasierthanpublishinginthemoretraditionalmedia.

√

3.InusingmaterialfoundontheWebforacademicpurpose,youneedtobepreparedtotakerisks.

√

4.YoushouldbesuspiciousofaWebsitewhichoffersnocontactdetails.

√

5.YouaretheWeb'squalitycontrolmechanism.

√

PartBInterpretation

1.b>2.d>3.a>4.b>

Developingyouskills

PartA:Structureofapassage<sequencinginformation>:furtherpractice

Ifnoemailaddressisgiven,carryoutnamesearchesusingon-linecatalogues.<c>

Ifthesiteisprivate,checkitforauthor'sbiodata,affiliationsandanymeansofcontact.<b>

Ifanemailaddressisprovided,examineitcloselytoestablishwhetheritisinstitutionalorindividualandifstillindoubt,contacttheauthordirectly.<d>

Examinethedocumentitselftocheckitforcompliancewithacademicconventions,toneandstyle,backgroundinformationandknowledgeofup-to-dateresearchmethods.<e>

Checktofindoutifasiteisinstitutionalorindividualbylookingforalogo,organizationchart,missionstatementetc.<a>

PartB:Structureofapassage<paragraphinsertion>:furtherpractice

Inserttheparagraphbetweenthepresentparagraphs1and2

PartC:Structureofapassage<paragraphreversal>:furtherpractice

Paragraph3andparagraph4needtobereversed.

Extendingyourvocabulary

PartA:Wordfamilies

download

programme

interface

email

ICQ

virus

games

Excel

PartB:"Oddmanout"

of

a>atinonunderbelownear

dance

b>singtalkspeakshoutwhisperscream

spherical

c>squarecirculartriangularrectangularhexagonal

walk

d>dripsquirttrickleflowrungush

hold

e>walkrunleapjumpjogstrollhop

"of"istheonlyonewhichdoesnotindicateposition/location.

"dance"doesnotdescribesound;theotherwordsaresoundsmadeusingthehumanvoice.

"spherical"describesathree-dimensionalshape;theothersaretwo-dimensional.

"walk"isneverusedtodescribethemovementofaliquid;theotherwordsdoso.

"hold"describesastableaction,notamovement;theotherwordsdescribeeitherhorizontalorverticalmovement.

Expandingyourcreativity

ComparingtheWebwithtraditionalmedia

Web

TraditionalMedia

TheWebgivesaccesstoagreatamountofdataandiseasytoaccessinanylocation.

Travelisnecessarytovisitlibraries.

ItispossibletoputanykindofmaterialuponWebandreachaverylargeaudience.

Publishingcompaniesselectauthorsverycarefully;booksarereviewedbyexperts,andeditorsandbookdesignersmakefurtherimprovements.

TherearenochecksonmaterialtobeputuponWebandoneresultofthisistheverylargeamountofpornographyavailable.

ThecontentofTV,videoandradioprogrammesiscontrolledbylawtoprotectaudiencefrombias,sex,violenceandbadlanguage.

UnitFour

Wordstonote

5,8,1,6,10,4,2,7,9,11,3

Understandingthetext

PartA:Author'sattitudeandpurpose

1.d>2.c>

PartB:Comprehensionthetext

1.c>2.d>3.c>4.d>5.a>

Developingyourskills

PartA:Recognisingthethemeofaparagraph:furtherpractice

Paragraph1

researchintowhysomepeoplelivetobeveryold

Paragraph2

ageneforlonglifehighlyunlikely

Paragraph3

agingcannotbeprevented

Paragraph4

improvingliferatherthanmakingitlonger

Paragraph5

theprotectivefunctionoftheagingprocess

Paragraph6

non-geneticfactorsinagingresearch

PartB:Respondingtoquestionsonthetext

Q2

A2.No,agingcannotbepreventedbutpeoplewhotakedietarysupplements<especiallythosewhichdestroyfreeradicalmolecules>mayfeelmoreenergetic.

Q3

A3.Yes,becausescientistsbelievethatextendingthehumanlifespanmightwellleadtoseriousnegativeeffects.

Q4

A4.Yes,itis.Theagingprocessisimportantinfightingcancer,becauseproteinswhichdestroycancercellsalsocauseaging.

Q5

A5.Yes,theyareveryimportant.Researchshowsthathealthyfood,lowstressandanoutdoorlifestylearebestforlonglife.

PartC:Contextsandimplications

EnglishProverbs

1.Youareasoldasyoufeel.

●Yourfeelingsaboutyourselfareveryimportant;ninety-year-oldpeoplecanfeelandactlikefiftyyearoldsiftheyhavetherightattitudetolife.

●Somebodymightsaythistocheeranotherpersonuportoencouragethepersontofeelbetterabouthimselforherself.

●Thespeakerprobablyhasanoptimistic<andyoung>feelingaboutlife.

2.Lifebeginsatforty.

●Fortyisn't"old",it'ssimplya"birth"intoanewstageoflife.

●Itmightbesaidtosomeoneapproachinghisorherfortiethbirthday.

●Heorshedoesn'tfearbeingforty,doesn'tthinkfortyisold,andthinksof"middleage"asbeingthebeginningofaninterestingstageoflifewhenheorshecandonewthings.

3.Nobodygrowsoldbymerelylivinganumberofyears;peoplegrowoldbydesertingtheirideals.

●Yearsaren'timportant;preservingyouthfulidealismismoreimportant.

●Inadebateabouttheproblemsofaging,forexample.

●Youthfulidealsshouldbekeptthroughoutthewholeoflife;ifyoukeeptheseideals,youcanstayyounginyourattitude.

4.Youthlooksforwardbutagelooksback.

●Youngpeopleanticipatethefuturewithpleasure;olderpeoplereminisceabouttheiryouth.

●Perhapsinasituationwhensomeoneisreflectingseriouslyaboutlife.

●It'saphilosophical,analyticalcommentaboutattitudes.

5.It'snothowoldyouare,buthowyouareold.

●Ageisnotimportant;yourattitudetowardsyourageandlifeingeneraliscrucial.

●Inasituationtoencouragesomebodytobemoreoptimistictowardslife.

●Thespeakerisalmostcertainlyoptimistic;thesuggestionisthattherearemanywaystobeoldandsomeofthemaregood.

6.Hethatinyouthnovirtueuses,inageallhonorhimrefuses.

●Bevirtuouswhenyouareyoungifyouwantrespectlaterinlife.

●Perhapsinacontextwhereanolderpersonwantstogive