英語(yǔ)四級(jí)寫作知識(shí)點(diǎn)

英語(yǔ)四級(jí)寫作知識(shí)點(diǎn)目錄1-英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文常用句型2-英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文加分句型3-英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文預(yù)測(cè)30篇4-英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文必背萬(wàn)能句5-說(shuō)明原因型5大模板6-英語(yǔ)四級(jí)寫作模板7-英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試高分作文高使用率句式總結(jié)8-英語(yǔ)四級(jí)寫作備考思路1、英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文常用句型一、~~~the+~est+名詞+(that)+主詞+haveever+seen(known/heard/had/read,etc)

~~~themost+形容詞+名詞+(that)+主詞+haveever+seen(known/heard/had/read,etc)例句：HelenisthemostbeautifulgirlthatIhaveeverseen.

海倫是我所看過最美麗的女孩。

Mr.ChangisthekindestteacherthatIhaveeverhad.

張老師是我曾經(jīng)遇到最仁慈的教師。二、Nothingis+~~~erthanto+VNothingis+more+形容詞+thanto+V

例句：Nothingismoreimportantthantoreceiveeducation.

沒有比接受教育更重要的事。三、~~~cannotemphasizetheimportanceof~~~toomuch.（再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)...的重要性也不為過。）例句：Wecannotemphasizetheimportanceofprotectingoureyestoomuch.

我們?cè)僭趺磸?qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)眼睛的重要性也不為過。四、Thereisnodenyingthat+S+V...（不可否認(rèn)的...）

例句：Thereisnodenyingthatthequalitiesofourlivinghavegonefrombadtoworse.

不可否認(rèn)的，我們的生活品質(zhì)已經(jīng)每況愈下。五、Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat+句子~~（全世界都知道...）

例句：Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthattreesareindispensabletous.

全世界都知道樹木對(duì)我們是不可或缺的。六、Thereisnodoubtthat+句子~~（毫無(wú)疑問的...）

例句：Thereisnodoubtthatoureducationalsystemleavessomethingtobedesired.

毫無(wú)疑問的我們的教育制度令人不滿意。七、Anadvantageof~~~isthat+句子（...的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是...）

例句：Anadvantageofusingthesolarenergyisthatitwon'tcreate(produce)anypollution.

使用太陽(yáng)能的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是它不會(huì)制造任何污染。八、Thereasonwhy+句子~~~isthat+句子（...的原因是...）

例句：Thereasonwhywehavetogrowtreesisthattheycanprovideuswithfreshair./Thereasonwhywehavetogrowtreesisthattheycansupplyfreshairforus.

我們必須種樹的原因是它們能供應(yīng)我們新鮮的空氣。九、So+形容詞+be+主詞+that+句子（如此...以致于...）

例句：Sopreciousistimethatwecan'taffordtowasteit.時(shí)間是如此珍貴，我們經(jīng)不起浪費(fèi)它。十、Adj+as+Subject（主詞）+be,S+V~~~（雖然...）

例句：Richasourcountryis,thequalitiesofourlivingarebynomeanssatisfactory.{bynomeans=innoway=onnoaccount一點(diǎn)也不}

雖然我們的國(guó)家富有，我們的生活品質(zhì)絕對(duì)令人不滿意。十一、The+~er+S+V,~~~the+~er+S+V~~~

The+more+Adj+S+V,~~~the+more+Adj+S+V~~~（愈...愈...）

例句：Theharderyouwork,gressyoumake.

你愈努力，你愈進(jìn)步。

Themorebooksweread,themorelearnedwebecome.

我們書讀愈多，我們愈有學(xué)問。十二、By+Ving,~~can~~（借著...，..能夠..）

例句：Bytakingexercise,wecanalwaysstayhealthy.

借著做運(yùn)動(dòng)，我們能夠始終保持健康。十三、~~~enable+Object（受詞）+to+V（..使..能夠..）

例句：Listeningtomusicenableustofeelrelaxed.

聽音樂使我們能夠感覺輕松。十四、Onnoaccountcanwe+V~~~（我們絕對(duì)不能...）

例句：Onnoaccountcanweignorethevalueofknowledge.

我們絕對(duì)不能忽略知識(shí)的價(jià)值。十五、Itistime+S+過去式（該是...的時(shí)候了）

例句：Iblems.

該是有關(guān)當(dāng)局采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧﹣?lái)解決交通問題的時(shí)候了。十六、Thosewho~~~（...的人...）

例句：Thosewhoviolatetrafficregulationsshouldbepunished.

違反交通規(guī)定的人應(yīng)該受處罰。十七、Thereisnoonebut~~~（沒有人不...）

例句：Thereisnoonebutlongstogotocollege.

沒有人不渴望上大學(xué)。十八、be+forced/compelled/obliged+to+V（不得不...）

例句：Sincetheexaminationisaroundthecorner,Ipelledtogiveupdoingsports.

既然考試迫在眉睫，我不得不放棄做運(yùn)動(dòng)。十九、Itisconceivablethat+句子（可想而知的）

Itisobviousthat+句子（明顯的）

Itisapparentthat+句子（顯然的）

例句：Itisconceivablethatknowledgeplaysanimportantroleinourlife.

可想而知，知識(shí)在我們的一生中扮演一個(gè)重要的角色。二十、Thatisthereasonwhy~~~（那就是...的原因）

例句：Summerissultry.ThatisthereasonwhyIdon'tlikeit.

夏天很燠熱。那就是我不喜歡它的原因。二十一、Forthepast+時(shí)間，S+現(xiàn)在完成式...（過去...年來(lái)，...一直...）

例句：Forthepasttwoyears,Ihavebeenbusypreparingfortheexamination.

過去兩年來(lái)，我一直忙著準(zhǔn)備考試。二十二、Since+S+過去式，S+現(xiàn)在完成式。

例句：Sincehewenttoseniorhighschool,hehasworkedveryhard.

自從他上高中，他一直很用功。二十三、Itpaysto+V~~~（...是值得的。）

例句：Itpaystohelpothers.

幫助別人是值得的。二十四、bebasedon（以...為基礎(chǔ)）

例句：Tgressoftheesocietyisbasedonharmony.

社會(huì)的進(jìn)步是以和諧為基礎(chǔ)的。二十五、Sparenoeffortto+V（不遺余力的）

例句：Weshouldsparenoefforttobeautifyourenvironment.

我們應(yīng)該不遺余力的美化我們的環(huán)境。二十六、bringhometo+人+事（讓...明白...事）

例句：Weshouldbringhometopeoplethevalueofworkinghard.

我們應(yīng)該讓人們明白努力的價(jià)值。二十七、becloselyrelatedto~~（與...息息相關(guān)）

例句：Takingexerciseiscloselyrelatedtohealth.

做運(yùn)動(dòng)與健康息息相關(guān)。二十八、Gothehabitof+Ving

=makeitaruleto+V（養(yǎng)成...的習(xí)慣）

Wothehabitofkeepinggoodhours.

我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成早睡早起的習(xí)慣。二十九、Dueto/Owingto/Thanksto+N/Ving,~~~（因?yàn)?..）

例句：Thankstohisencouragement,Ifinallyrealizedmydream.

因?yàn)樗墓膭?lì)，我終于實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢(mèng)想。三十、Whata+Adj+N+S+V!

=How+Adj+a+N+V!（多么...?。?/p>

例句：Wmise!

Hmise!

遵守諾言是多么重要的事！三十一、Leavemuchtobedesired（令人不滿意）

例句：Theconditionofourtrafficleavesmuchtobedesired.

我們的交通狀況令人不滿意。三十二、Haveagreatinfluenceon~~~（對(duì)...有很大的影響）

例句：Smokinghasagreatinfluenceonourhealth.

抽煙對(duì)我們的健康有很大的影響。三十三、dogoodto（對(duì)...有益），doharmto（對(duì)...有害）

例句：Readingdoesgoodtoourmind.讀書對(duì)心靈有益。

Overworkdoesharmtohealth.工作過度對(duì)健康有害。三十四、Poseagreatthreatto~~（對(duì)...造成一大威脅）

例句：Pollutionposesagreatthreattoourexistence.

污染對(duì)我們的生存造成一大威脅。三十五、doone'sutmostto+V=doone'sbest（盡全力去...）

例句：Weshoulddoourutmosttoachieveourgoalinlife.

我們應(yīng)盡全力去達(dá)成我們的人生目標(biāo)。2、英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文加分句型1.It作先行主語(yǔ)和先行賓語(yǔ)的一些句型Shehadsaidwhatitwasnecessarytosay.2.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型Itisnotwhorulesusthatisimportant,buthowherulesus.3."All+抽象名詞"或"抽象名詞+itself"(very+形容詞)Hewasallgentlenesstoher.4.利用詞匯重復(fù)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)Acrimeisacrimeacrime.5."something(much)of"和"nothing(little)of""somethingof"相當(dāng)于"tosomeextent"，表示程度。在疑問句或條件從句中，則為"anythingof"，可譯為"有點(diǎn)"，"略微等。""譯為毫無(wú)"，"全無(wú)"。"muchof"譯為"大有"，"notmuchof"可譯為"算不上"，"稱不上"，"littleof"可譯為"幾乎無(wú)"。somethinglike譯為"有點(diǎn)像，略似。"Theysaythathehadnouniversityeducation,butheseemstobesomethingofascholar.6.同格名詞修飾是指of前后的兩個(gè)名詞都指同一個(gè)人或物，"of"以及它前面的名詞構(gòu)一個(gè)形容詞短語(yǔ)，以修飾"of"后面的那個(gè)名詞。如"heroldsharperofafather"，可譯為："她那騙子般的父親"。Thosepigsofgirlseatsomuch.7.as…as…can(may)beItisasplainasplaincanbe.8."Itisin(with)…asin(with)"Itisinlifeasinajourney.9."asgoodas…"相等于，就像，幾乎如；實(shí)際上，其實(shí)，實(shí)在。Themerchantasgoodaspromisedtheorphanboy,thathewouldadopthim.10."manyaswell…as"和"mightaswell…as""manyaswell…as"可譯為"與其……，不如……，更好"，"以這樣做……為宜"，"如同……，也可以……"等等。"mightaswell…as"表示不可能的事，可譯為"猶如……"，"可與……一樣荒唐"，"與其那樣不如這樣的好"等等。Onemayaswellnotknowathingatallasknowitimperfectly.11."tomake…of"的譯法(使……成為……，把……當(dāng)作)Iwillmakeascientistofmyson.12.oo…+不定式"，not(never)too…+不定式"，"too…not+不定式Sheistooangrytospeak.13.only(not,all,but,never)too…todoso和"tooready(apt)+todo"結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式也沒有否定意義，凡是"not"，"all""but等字后+"too…to，"不定式都失去了否定意義，在"tooready(apt)+todo"結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式也沒有否定意義。Youknowbuttooyelltoholdyourtongue.14."nomore…than…"句型Ahomewithoutloveisnomoreahomethanabodywithoutasoulisaman.15."notsomuch…as"和"notsomuchas…"結(jié)構(gòu)，"notsomuch…as"="notsomuchas…"，其中as有進(jìn)可換用butrather，可譯為："與其說(shuō)是……毋須說(shuō)是……"。而"notsomuchas"="without(not)even，"可譯為"甚至……還沒有"。Theoceansdonotsomuchdividetheworldasuniteit.16."Nothingismore…than"和"Nothingisso…as"結(jié)構(gòu)，"Nothingismore…than"和"Nothingisso…as"都具有最高級(jí)比較的意思，"NothingI"可換用"no"，"nobody"，"nowhere"，"little"，"few"，"hardly"，"scarcely"等等，可譯為"沒有……比……更為"，"像……再?zèng)]有了"，"最……"等。Nothingismorepreciousthantime.17."cannot…too…"結(jié)構(gòu),"cannot…too…"意為"Itisimpossibletooverdo…"或者，即"無(wú)論怎樣……也不算過分"。"not"可換用"hardly"，"scarcely"等，"too"可換用"enough"，"sufficient"等。Youcannotbetoocareful.18."否定+but"結(jié)構(gòu)，在否定詞后面的"but"，具有"whichnot"，"whonot"，"thatnot"，等等否定意義，構(gòu)成前后的雙重否定?？勺g成"沒有……不是"或"……都……"等。Nothingissobadbutitmighthavebeenworse.19."否定+until(till)"結(jié)構(gòu)，在否定詞"no"，"not"，"never"，"little"，"few"，"seldom"等的后邊所接用的"until/till"，多數(shù)情況下譯為"直到……才……"，"要……才……"，把否定譯為肯定。Nobodyknowswhathecandotillhehastried.20."notso…but"和"notsucha…but"結(jié)構(gòu)，這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)和"否定+but"的結(jié)構(gòu)差不多，不同之點(diǎn)是這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中的"but"是含有"that…not"意味的連續(xù)詞，表示程度?？勺g為"還沒有……到不能做……的程度"，"并不是……不……"，"無(wú)論怎樣……也不是不能……"等。Heisnotsosickbuthecancometoschool.21."疑問詞+should…but"結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)表示過去的意外的事，意為"none…but"，可譯為"除了……還有誰(shuí)會(huì)……"，"豈料"，"想不到……竟是……"等。Whoshouldwriteitbuthimself?22."whoknowsbut(that)…"和"whocouldshould…but"結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)是反問形式，一般意譯為"多半"，"亦未可知"等等，有時(shí)也可直譯。Whoknowsbut(that)hemaygo?23."祈使句+and"和"祈使句+or"結(jié)構(gòu)，"祈使句+and"表示"If…you…"，"祈使名+or"表示"if…not…，you。24."名詞+and"結(jié)構(gòu)，在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，名詞等于狀語(yǔ)從句，或表示條件，或表示時(shí)間。Aword,andhewouldlosehistemper.25."as…,so…"結(jié)構(gòu)，這里的"so"的意思是"inthesameway"(也是如此)。此結(jié)構(gòu)表明兩個(gè)概念在程度上和關(guān)系上相似。Asrusteatsiron,socareeatstheheart.26."ifany"結(jié)構(gòu)，"ifany"和"ifever"，意思是"果真有……"，"即使有……"，表示加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。與此類似的還有："ifanything"(如有不同的話，如果稍有區(qū)別)，"ifaday"(=atleast，至少)。Thereislittle,ifany,hope.27."beitever(never)so"和"letitbeever(never)so"結(jié)構(gòu)，這里，"beit"中的"be"是古英語(yǔ)假設(shè)語(yǔ)氣的遺留形式，現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)則使用"letitbe"。"everso"和"neverso"都表示同一意思，都表示"very"。Beiteversohumble(letitbeeversohumble),homeishome.28."thelast+不定式"和"thelast+定語(yǔ)從詞"結(jié)構(gòu)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的"last"意思是"theleastlikely"，用于否定性推論?？勺g為"最不大可能的"，"最不合適的"，由原意的"最后一個(gè)……"變成"最不可能……的一個(gè)"。Heisthelastmantoacceptabride.29."so…that…"句型，這個(gè)句型的意思是"如此……，以致于……"，但在翻譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)，許多情況下，并不是一定要譯成"如此……以致于……"，而是變通表達(dá)其含義。Heransofastthatnobodycouldcatchhimup.30."more+than+原級(jí)形容詞(副詞)"結(jié)構(gòu)，這是將不同性質(zhì)加以比較，其中的"more"有"rather"的意思。Itismorethanprobablethathewillfall.31."morethan+動(dòng)詞"結(jié)構(gòu)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示動(dòng)詞的程度，可譯為"異常"，"豈止"，"十二分地"等。Thismorethansatisfiedme.32."goodand…"的副詞用法，譯為"非常"，"很"等。類似還有"niceand…","fineand…,""lovelyand…","brightand…","rareand…","bigand…"等，均表示程度。Theapplesaregoodandripe.33."andthat"結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)"andthat"應(yīng)譯為"而且……"，表示對(duì)它前面陳述部分的語(yǔ)氣加強(qiáng)，"that"代表前面的整個(gè)陳述部分。Returntoyourwork,andthatatonce.34."atonce…and"結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)譯為"既……又……"，起相關(guān)連接的作用，相當(dāng)于"both…and…"。Thenovelisatoncepleasingandinstructive.35."inthat…"結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的意思是"在那一點(diǎn)上(方面)"，可譯為"因?yàn)?。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有"inthis…"。Thebudgetisunrealisticinthatitdisregardsincreasedcosts.36."thenamenotwithstanding"結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中"notwithstanding"是介詞，這個(gè)介詞可以置前，可以置后，比如也可寫成："notwithstandingthename"。起讓步狀語(yǔ)的作用。Somepeoplethinkofthestoragebatteryasasortofcondenserwhereelectricityisstored.Butthisisanentirelywrongconception,thenamenotwithstanding.37."Every…not"和"All…not"結(jié)構(gòu)，"Every…not"表示"不見得每個(gè)……都是……"；"All…not"表示"不見得所有……都是……"的意思。Everymanisnotpolite,andallarenotborngentlemen.38."mayaswellnot…as"結(jié)構(gòu)，此結(jié)構(gòu)可譯為"與其……不如不……"。Onemayaswellnotknowathingatallasknowitbutimperfectly.39."haveonlyto…do"結(jié)構(gòu)，此結(jié)構(gòu)表示"只須(消)……就能……"的意思。WehaveonlytoturntothatextraordinarydiscoverymadebyEdisontoseethesignificanceofit.40."not(no)…unless…"句型Noincreaseinoutputcanbeexpectedunlessanewassemblylineisinstalled.41."better…than…"句型Bettermylifeshouldbeendedbytheirhate,thanthathatedlifeshouldbeprolongedtolivewithoutyourlove.42."asitwere"是一個(gè)非常常用的插入語(yǔ)，意思是"好象"，"可以說(shuō)"等。Apieceofironnearamagnet,thoughapparentlyseparatefromit,feels,asitwere,thethreadsofthisattachment.43.復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)，在下面例句中，由于anyone的定語(yǔ)從句過長(zhǎng)，把謂語(yǔ)mustrealize提到定語(yǔ)從句之前。Thoughfaithandconfidencearesurelymoreorlassforeigntomynature,Idonotinfrequentlyfindmyselflookingtothemtobeable,diligent,candid,andevenhonest.Plainlyenough,thatistoolargeanorder,asanyonemustrealizewhoreflectsuponthemannerinwhichtheyreachpublicoffice.44."not…anymorethan…"為："不能……，正如不能……"。Onecannotlearntosketchandexpresshimselfgraphicallyonlybyreadingaboutitanymorethanonecanlearntoswimwhilestandingbythepool.45."Bythatasitmay"是"Letitbethatasitmay"的省略形式，是由"be"引起的另外一種假設(shè)結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是"雖然如此，盡管這樣"。Itissaidthatthenervepoisonisthemoreprimitiveofthetwo,thatthebloodpoisonis,sotospeak,anewproductfromanimprovedformula.Bethatasitmay,thenervepoisondoesitsbusinesswithmanfarmorequicklythanthebloodpoison.46."ifatall"是一個(gè)由"if"引起的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)不完整的短句結(jié)為"即將……"，"即使……"等。Icanseeonlywithgreatdifficulty,ifatall.47.由there引起的句型容易產(chǎn)生復(fù)雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu).Therehavebeenopeneduptothevastandexcellentscience,inwhichmyworkisthebeginning,waysandmeansbywhichothermindsmoreaccuratethanwinewillexploreitsremotecorners.48."rangefrom…to…"結(jié)構(gòu)。這是一個(gè)常見結(jié)構(gòu)，譯時(shí)很多情況下應(yīng)變通處理，不能完全依靠辭典上的釋義。Computerapplicationsrangefromanassemblylinecompletelyrunbycomputerstoachildrentoyrespondingtoremotesignals.49."theway…"結(jié)構(gòu)Ialwaysthoughtshewasacommon-sensepersonwhodiscussedthingsthewaytheyoughttobediscussed.50.復(fù)雜賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)Inrecentyears,thedevelopmentofsensitiveandaccuratemeasuringequipmenthasmadeitpossibletomeasuretheacuityofhearingofanyindividualatdifferentfrequencies.51.某些分隔結(jié)構(gòu)1)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)相關(guān)部分被分隔(當(dāng)"makeuseof"，"takenoticeof"，"payattentionto"，等動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí))。Useismadeofsolarenergyinheatinghouses.2)雙重定語(yǔ)引起的分隔。Butthereisofcultureanotherview,inwhichnotsolelythescientificpassion,thesheerdesiretoseethingsastheyare,naturalandproperinanintelligentbeing,appearsasthegroundofit.52."tobedoing…when…"是一個(gè)句型，多譯為"某人正在做……時(shí)，突然……"。在簡(jiǎn)單的句子中容易看出，一旦句子變得復(fù)雜一些，可能就不太容易識(shí)別這種句型。Shesaidsheandafriendhadgoneouttodinnerthatnight,andwerewalkinghometogetheratabout10o'clock,whena"verybig,verytallman",accostedthemanddemandedtheirpurses.53."too…to"句型ThenIrememberedhowoftenI,too,hadbeenindifferenttothegrandeurofeachday,toopreoccupiedwithpettyandsometimesevenmeanconcernstorespondtothesplendorofitall.54."somuchthat…"句型ButhedevelopedgraduallyaverymusicalEnglish.Helearnttowritesentencesthatfallawayontheearwithamistylanguoranditdelightedhimsomuchthathecouldneverhaveenoughofit.55."when"引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)并不好譯，不能一看到when從句就考慮譯為"當(dāng)……的時(shí)候"，它還有許多種譯法。Anythingisbetterthannottowriteclearly.Thereisnothingtobesaidagainstlucidity,andagainstsimplicityonlythepossibilityofdryness.Thisisariskthatiswellworthtakingwhenyoureflecthowmuchbetteritistobeboldthantowearacurlywig.56."not…because…"，有時(shí)可否定前面，有時(shí)可否定because本身，往往出現(xiàn)歧義。應(yīng)根據(jù)上下文面判定。In1600theearthwasnotthecenteroftheuniversebecausethemajoritythensupposeditwas;nor,becauseshehadmorereaders,wasEllawheelerWilcoxabetterpoetthanFatherHopkins.57."so…that,such…that"是一個(gè)普通的句型，但在同一個(gè)句子里有兩處使用它卻比較少見。Thetruthis,thatinonepointofview,thismatterofnationalliteraturehascometosuchapasswithus,thatinsomesensewemustturnbullies,elsethedayislost,orsuperioritysofarbeyondus,thatwecanhardlysayitwilleverbeours.58."bydoing…"結(jié)構(gòu)。這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的意思是"通過(做)……"，但翻譯實(shí)踐中不能拘泥于這種釋義，不少情況下需要靈活變通。Thehippos,bydepositingdunginthewater,fedthefishthatsupportthestorksthatdestroytheraretrees.59.下面例句為一倒裝句，主語(yǔ)很長(zhǎng)，而且又含有非常復(fù)雜的句型。這是以形容詞作表語(yǔ)的倒裝，翻譯實(shí)踐中多把倒裝部分譯到最前面。Nolessobviousisthefacttherearegreatnumbersofpeoplesoconstitutedorsobroughtupthattheycannotgetsomuchpleasureoutofprocessesandexperiencesresultinginapoorerlifelessfullofmeaning.60."what…of"句型IcannotsayofmyselfwhatJohnsonsaidofPope:Heneverpassedafaultunamendedbyindifference,norquitteditbydespair.IdonotwriteasIdo;IwriteasIcan.61.英語(yǔ)的一個(gè)習(xí)慣用法是：當(dāng)否定謂語(yǔ)think(believe)時(shí)，實(shí)際上是否定其后面的賓語(yǔ)從句。否定就落在賓語(yǔ)從句上。這樣賓語(yǔ)從句就變成了雙重否定，譯時(shí)可以按雙重否定譯，也可按肯定來(lái)譯。Itisavaluablework.Idonotthinkanyonewritessowellthathecannotlearnmuchfromit.62."tohavenot…(as)tosee…"中的不定式也有否定意味。Hehadnotthegoodbreedingtoseethatsimplicityandnaturalnessarethetruestmarksofdistinction.63."Itoccurredtosb.that…"意為"突然想到"，"Itdawnedonsb.that…"."突然想起"等。從句是想起的內(nèi)容。Irememberoncebeingonabusandlookingatastranger.Hesuddenlylookedbackatme-i.e.oureyesmet.Myinstinctivereactionwastoavertmygaze.ItoccurredtomethatifIhadcontinuedtomaintaineyecontact,Iwouldhavebeenrudeandaggressive.64."Itfollowsthat…"="Ithappensasaresult…"常常被譯為"由此可見"，"因此"，"從前"，"可以推斷"等等。Itfollowsthatthehousewifewillalsoexpecttobeabletohavemoreleisureinherlifewithoutloweringherstandardofliving.Italsofollowsthathumandomesticservantswillhavecompletelyceasedtoexist.65."that'sallthereistoit"，意思是"也不過如此而已"?？筛鶕?jù)上下文視情況處理。IfI'mtouched,I'mtouched-that'sallthereistoit.66."Thechancesarethat…"是一句型，譯為"有可能……"。Thechancesareyouwillneverattemptthatspeedwithpoetryorwanttoracethoughsomepassagesinfictionoverwhichyouwishtolinger.67.Feel,see,leave引起賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，或在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中引起主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的某些慣用句型，有時(shí)see和feel這兩個(gè)詞的被動(dòng)式不大好譯。遇到這種情況應(yīng)挖掘其深層含義，不要拘泥于表面形式。Theeducationoftheyoungisseentobeofprimaryimportance.68.某此以no,nowhere,never,not…bout,not…any,nothingbut,hardly,scarcely,seldom等否定詞語(yǔ)引出的一些結(jié)構(gòu)。InevergopastthetheatrebutIthinkofhislastperformance.69.某些用choicebetween,toknowbetter,whetheror,shouldhaveavoided(或donebetter)等表示從兩種做法中選取一種更好的做法。Thenwearefacedwithachoicebetweenusingtechnologytoprovideandfulfilneedswhichhavehithertobeenregardedasunnecessaryor,ontheotherhand,usingtechnologytoreducethenumberofhoursofworkwhichamanmustdoinordertoearnagivenstandardoflibing.70.某些省略情況，應(yīng)清單確認(rèn)省略的內(nèi)容。Thecountryhadgrownrich,itscommercewaslarge,andwealthdiditsnaturalworkinmakinglifesofterandmoreworldly,commerceindeprovincializingthemindsofthoseengagedinit.71.修飾成分(包括定語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句等)多而長(zhǎng)。AcrossthecourtfromtheManhattanapartmentthatIhaveoccupiedforthepastfewyearsisadogthatoftenhurlsinsultsintothedarkness,afewofwhichmydogrefusestoacceptandmakesatartreply.72.一些外位語(yǔ)，所謂外位修飾，指從句子結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容上不起主要信息表達(dá)功能的部分。其作用是從語(yǔ)氣和連接上下文等方面進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充。在翻譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)，往往可獨(dú)立成句，外形上不保留修飾的痕跡。Ofcourse,nobodywashurtthistime,becausewehadallbeentodinner,noneofusbeingnovicesexceptingHastings;andhehavingbeeninformedbytheministeratthetimethatheinvitedhimthatindeferencetotheEnglishcustomthehadnotprovidedanydinner.3、英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文預(yù)測(cè)30篇預(yù)測(cè)一：大學(xué)課堂出勤率Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:AttendYourClassesRegularly。Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.1.現(xiàn)在大學(xué)校園里，遲到、早退、曠課是常見的現(xiàn)象2.保證學(xué)生的出勤率對(duì)大學(xué)教育的重要性3.作為一個(gè)大學(xué)生應(yīng)該怎樣做AttendYourClassesRegularlyNowadaysitisaverycommonphenomenonthatsomeuniversitystudentsarelatefororevenabsentfromclasses.Andstilltherearesomestudentswhoslipoutoftheclassroombeforetheclassisover.Classattendancehasbecomeathornyproblemtoboththestudentsandteachers.Infact,itisveryimportantforthestudentstoattendtheirclassesregularly.First,itwillensureyoutocatchupwiththeteachersinyourlearning.Thatisveryhelpfultoyouifyouwanttodoagoodjobinyourstudy.Second,attendingclassesregularlyisawayofshowingrespecttoyourteachers,too.Yourteacherswillfeelbadifthestudentsdonotattendtheirclasses,which,inturn,willaffecttheirteachingandbenogoodforthestudents.Third,attendingclassesregularlywillhelptoformagoodhabitofpunctuality,whichisofgreatimportanceforthestudentstodoagoodjobinthefuture.Therefore,weuniversitystudentsshouldformthegoodhabitofattendingourclassesregularlyfromnowon.Andsomedaywe’llbenefitfromit.點(diǎn)評(píng)：2008年元月三日，中山大學(xué)博士發(fā)帖稱遭導(dǎo)師虐待;2008年元月四日，中國(guó)政法大學(xué)爆“楊帆門”事件;近幾年，中小學(xué)老師或打?qū)W生或猥褻學(xué)生、體罰學(xué)生等各類新聞不斷曝光，進(jìn)而引發(fā)了師生關(guān)系的大討論。本預(yù)測(cè)題為四級(jí)考試傳統(tǒng)的問題解決型的寫作，與校園生活密切相關(guān)。預(yù)測(cè)二：教師評(píng)價(jià)Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:Students’RatingofTheirTeachers。Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.1.學(xué)生給老師打分已經(jīng)普遍2.人們對(duì)其持不同態(tài)度3.我的看法Students’RatingofTheirTeachersNowadays,ithasbecomeascommonincollegesanduniversitiesforstudentstogradeteachersasforteacherstogradestudents.Insomeuniversitiesstudents’ratinghasevenbecometheonlysourceofinformationonteachingeffectiveness..This,however,hascausedgreatcontroversy.Someareinfavoroftheratingsystem,Theyholdthatsincestudentsattendtheteachers’classeseveryday,theyshouldhavetheiropinionabouttheirteachers’effectiveness.Others,onthecontrary,arestronglyagainstit.Theybelievethatthereismuchmoretoteachingthanwhatisshownonstudents’ratingforms.Studentsshouldnotbeexpectedtojudgewhetherthematerialstheyuseareuptodateorhowwelltheteacherknowsaboutthesubject.Thesejudgmentsrequireprofessionalknowledge,whichisbestleftfortheteachers’colleagues.Ithinkstudents’ratingoftheirteachersisnecessary,butitshouldbeconductedinawaythatcanreallyshedmeaningfullightonteachers’performance.Insteadofratingtheteachers’knowledgeonthesubject,studentsshouldbeaskedtoestimatewhattheyhavelearnedinacourse,andtoreportonsuchthingsasateacher’sabilitytocommunicatewithstudents,hisorherrelationshipwithstudents,andhisorherabilitytoarousestudents’interestinthesubject.點(diǎn)評(píng)：越來(lái)越多的高校采取讓學(xué)生給老師打分的形式來(lái)了解教學(xué)反饋，并以此作為促進(jìn)教學(xué)質(zhì)量的有效手段。對(duì)此做法，管理部門及教學(xué)雙方褒貶不一，看法迥異。本預(yù)測(cè)題為校園生活熱議話題，值得關(guān)注。預(yù)測(cè)三：宿舍生活1.宿舍生活有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)不和諧的情況;2.一個(gè)和諧宿舍生活的必要性;3.如何創(chuàng)造和諧的宿舍生活。OnaHarmoniousDormitoryLifeDormitorylifeisanindispensablepartofcollegelife.Butsometimestheharmonyinthedormitorycanbedisturbedinonewayoranother.Thereareseveralwaystocreateandmaintainaharmoniousdormitorylife.Firstly,youhavetoevaluateyourlife-styleandtrytogetridofyourdirtyhabits,ifthereareany.Secondly,whenanannoyingsituationarises,you’lljusthavetolearntotolerateeachotherandco-exist.Thirdly,you’llhavetosharewitheachotherandmakegoodfriends.Inconclusion,weshouldtryourbesttobuildaharmoniousdormitorylifeforthesakeofgoodstudyandgoodlife.點(diǎn)評(píng)：“和諧”成為我們當(dāng)今社會(huì)詞頻概率最高用詞，就社會(huì)而言，倡導(dǎo)建立和諧社會(huì);就家庭而言，提倡建設(shè)和諧家庭;就校園來(lái)講，則要建立和諧校園;和諧兩字似乎無(wú)所不在，大學(xué)生宿舍生活同樣需要和諧。本預(yù)測(cè)題與四級(jí)考試熱點(diǎn)密切相關(guān)，又為典型的校園生活主題，值得關(guān)注。預(yù)測(cè)四：簡(jiǎn)要介紹大學(xué)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteABriefIntroductiontotheUniversity.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtothefollowingguidelines:假設(shè)你是一名學(xué)生志愿者，要給來(lái)你們學(xué)校參觀的外國(guó)朋友介紹學(xué)校情況。內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括學(xué)校歷史、規(guī)模、教學(xué)現(xiàn)狀以及未來(lái)目標(biāo)等。ABriefIntroductiontotheUniversityDistinguishedguests,Welcometoouruniversity.Beforeyoustarttolookaround,allowmetogiveyouabriefaccountoftheschool.Foundedin1927,ouruniversityisoneofthiscity’searliestuniversitiesofliberalarts.Itisstaffedwithanexcellentfaculty,andhasatotalenrollmentofover10,000students.Inthepastyears,ithasturnedoutnumerouswell-qualifiedstudentsandfounditsgraduatesactiveinprofessionsofallwalksoflife.Sinceitsestablishment,theuniversityhasalwayssteereditselftowardtheobjectivethatitsstudentshaveanoverallhealthydevelopment.Notonlydoesitprovidethestudentswithbasicacademiccourses,butitmanagestoexposethemtotheup-to-dateknowledge.Besides,studentsarefreetoparticipateincolorfulcampusactivitiesandsocialpractice,whichareintendedforbroadeningtheirmindanddevelopingtheirpotentialtalent.Currently,bothourfacultyandstudentsaremakingeveryefforttoimprovethequalityofoureducationinthedirectionofafirst-rateuniversity.Thankyou.點(diǎn)評(píng)：近幾年，隨著我國(guó)順利加入世貿(mào)組織以及經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化步伐的加快，許多國(guó)內(nèi)高校紛紛與國(guó)外大學(xué)合作辦學(xué)，教育走向國(guó)際化成為人們關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)，也是大學(xué)生門比較關(guān)心的熱點(diǎn)問題。本預(yù)測(cè)題為熱議校園生活話題，與2004年旅游景點(diǎn)介紹2006年考查的名校校園開放如出一轍。預(yù)測(cè)五：一封信Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoafriendwhowillcometoyourcitytoseeyou.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:假設(shè)你是李明,你的一個(gè)朋友張偉準(zhǔn)備到你所在的城市來(lái)旅游，但你有事不能接待。寫封信給他，解釋你不能接待的原因，并說(shuō)明你所做的安排。ALettertoaFriendDearZhangWei,I’mgladtoknowthatyouarecomingtomycityduringthesummervacation.However,I’mafraidthere’ssomebadnews.I’mplanningtotakepartinaninternationalconferencetobeheldinanothercityduringthetimeofyourvisit.Allthetopscientistsinmyfieldwillshowupattheconference.Moreimportantly,I’mluckyenoughtohavebeenselectedtogiveaspeechonbehalfofmyresearchteamattheConference.Ireallycan’tmissit.Iunderstandthatit’llbeyourfirsttimetothiscityandI’myouronlyfriendhere.I’veaskedmyroommatetomeetyouattheairport,andyoucanstayinmyroom.Heisaverynicepersonandhewillshowyouaroundthecity.Hopeyoutwowillgetonwellandhaveaniceholiday!Yours,LiMing點(diǎn)評(píng)：本預(yù)測(cè)題與2001年6月考查的ALettertoaSchoolmate類似，所不同是寫作提示有所不同，2001年6月作文題是寫信對(duì)校友來(lái)度假表示歡迎并在信中提出建議和注意事項(xiàng)，而本預(yù)測(cè)題是對(duì)朋友來(lái)訪不能接待，同時(shí)在信中說(shuō)明原因及具體安排，內(nèi)容不一，但話題相仿，寫作思路相似，值得關(guān)注。預(yù)測(cè)六：大學(xué)獨(dú)立生活還是與別人同住Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:LivingaloneorLivingwithRoommates?Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.1.有人認(rèn)為大學(xué)里應(yīng)獨(dú)自生活2.另一些認(rèn)為大學(xué)里應(yīng)與別人同住3.你的看法LivingaloneorLivingwithRoommatesNowadays,therehasappearedaheateddiscussionamongthecollegestudentsastowhethertheyshouldlivealoneoutsidethecampusorlivetogetherwithotherroommatesinthestudents’dormitory.Opinionsaredividedoverthematter.ThosewhoareinfavorofLivingalonemaintainthatitisveryconvenienttolivebythemselves.Theycanenjoyabsolutefreedominaroomoftheirown.Theycanhavetheirowntimetablewithoutdisturbingothers.TheyarealsofreetoequiptheroomwithapersonalcomputersothattheycanhaveeasyaccesstotheInternet.Butothersarguethatlivingwithroommateshasattractionsofitsown.Withseveralstudentssharingthesameroom,eachperson’sexperiencescanbegreatlyenriched.Theycanlearnalotfromtalkingtooneanother.Bylearningtotoleratethedifferencesbetweenindividuals,theycanbecomemoremature.AsfarasI’mconcerned,IprefertolivewithroommatesbecauseIlovethefeelingofbelonging.Besides,itisalotcheapertoliveinadormthantorentaapartmentoutsidethecampus.點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文與校園生活密切相關(guān)，也是近年來(lái)出現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象，人們對(duì)此的看法各異，2003年后，四級(jí)作文考查加大了學(xué)校生活類題目的考查，因?yàn)檫@類題材不存在地域的差異，不同地域的同學(xué)都有話可說(shuō)。本預(yù)測(cè)題即為校園生活類話題，與剛考完的四級(jí)作文話題類似，符合命題者出題思路，值得引起重視。預(yù)測(cè)七：手機(jī)用戶數(shù)量變化及原因Direction:Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:CellPhones.Youshouldwritenolessthan120wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow:1.描述上圖所示的手機(jī)用戶數(shù)的變化情況2.出現(xiàn)這種情況的原因3.對(duì)此現(xiàn)象作出評(píng)價(jià)CellPhonesAsisshowninthechart,cellphonesarebecomingincreasinglypopularwithinChina.In1999,thenumberofcellphonesinusewasonly2million,butin2002,thenumberreaches5million.Andintheyear2005,thenumberhassuddenlysoaredto9million.Therearemanyfactorscontributingtothisdevelopment.Firstly,acellphonehasnowiresandcanbecarriedeverywhereeasily.Secondly,acellphoneissomethingwonderfulthatwecanhavefunwithnews,games,musicandchatthroughsendingshortmessages.Thirdly,thedropinpriceandthesimultaneousimprovementinthefunctionshavemadeitpossibleforanaveragepersontomakeuseofcellphone.Thewideuseofcellphoneshasmakethemmoreandmoreindispensableinpeople’sdailylife.Themanyfunctionsofthecellphonehavemadecertainpeoplereluctanttoseparatethemselvesfromtheircellphone.點(diǎn)評(píng)：隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，人民的生活水平不斷改善，通訊業(yè)的日新月異的發(fā)展，使得手機(jī)使用普及化，成為人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹谋匦杵?，?duì)此的利弊人們看法各