直接引語和間接引語

DirectspeechandIndirectspeech(直接引語和間接引語)隋麗云定義直接引語：直接說別人的話。例：她說：“我喜歡籃球?！遍g接引語：轉述說別人的話。Shesaid,“Ilikebasketball.”例：她說她喜歡籃球。Shesaidthatshelikedbasketball.陳述句的轉換1.由that來引導，可以省略2.人稱的變化口訣：一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不變化。3.時態(tài)的變化4.時間狀語變化（資源評價下BP2）5.方向性動詞，情態(tài)動詞，指示代詞的變化人稱的變化一隨主Shesaid,“Ilikebasketball.”Shesaidthatshelikedbasketball.Lilysaid,“Mymotherlikescooking.”Lilysaidthathermotherlikedcooking.”人稱的變化二隨賓1.Shesaidtome,“Youmustworkhard”

ShesaidtomethatImustworkhard.ShesaidtoLilythatshecoulduseit.2.ShesaidtoLily,“You

canuseit.”人稱的變化第三人稱不變化1.Shesaidtome,“Theywanttohelpme.”

Shesaidtomethattheywantedtohelpme.ShesaidtoTonythatBobwasagoodboy.2.ShesaidtoTony,“Bob

isagoodboy.”時態(tài)的變化

直接引語直接引語一般現(xiàn)在時（amisare/dodoes/havehas）一般過去時(waswere/did/had)現(xiàn)在進行時(be+v.ing)過去進行時(waswere+v.ing)現(xiàn)在完成時(havehas+done)過去完成時(had+done)一般過去時過去完成時過去完成時不變一般將來時(will+v原.)過去將來時（would+v原.）1.Hesaid,“Idon’tlikemilk.”Hesaidthat__________likemilk.”hedidn’t2.Shesaid,“Myfatherishavingaparty.”Shesaid__father_____aparty.”herwashavingMarysaidthat_________________thework.”3.Marysaid,“Theyhavefinishedthework.”theyhadfinished4.Bettysaid,“IwiigotoBeijingtomorrow.”4.Bettysaid____________toBeijing________.”shewouldgothenextday直接引語直接引語指示代詞thisthatthesethose方向性動詞comegobringtake地點狀語herethere情態(tài)動詞cancouldmaymightshallshould方向性動詞，情態(tài)動詞，地點狀語,指示代詞的變化注意：1.如果引語是客觀事實或真理，時態(tài)沒有變化E.G.Teachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.”Teachersaidthesunisbiggerthantheearth.2.如果在當天轉述，today,yestoday,tomorrow等時間狀語不用轉換。E.GTonysaid,“IwillhaveaTVshowtoday.”TonysaidhewouldhaveaTVshowtoday.”3.如果在當?shù)剞D述，here不用轉換為there.(課本P48)注意：4.如果引語中有直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。5.直接引語是過去進行時，時態(tài)不變。Jacksaid."John,wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet?“XiaoWangsaid."IwasbornonApril2l,1980。"XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980。

JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet。

注意：6.如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時的形式（例：oughtto，hadbetter,usedto)已經(jīng)是過去時的形式時不再變。（例：could,should,would,might）Petersaidtome,"Youhadbettercomehavetoday.Petersaidtome(that)Ihadbettergotherethatday。7.如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，直接引語變間接引語時，時態(tài)不變。Tomsays,”MikeisfromAmerica”.TomsaysMikeisfromAmerica.直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時,表示一種反復出現(xiàn)或習慣性的動作，變間接引語，時態(tài)不變問句型的轉換1.直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應改為由whether或if引導的賓語從句.Hesaid,"Canyouswim,John?"HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim.問句型的轉換"Youhavefinishedthehomework,haven‘tyou?"mymotherasked.MymotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedthehomework.

問句型的轉換"Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?"選擇疑問句變?yōu)閣hether….or賓語從句HeaskedmewhetherIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.問句型的轉換2.直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導的賓語從句（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）。

問句型的轉換Sheaskedme,"Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?"Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.問句型的轉換3.直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應改為"tell(ask,order,beg等)sb(not)todosth."句型。"Don’tmakeanynoise,"shesaidtothechildren.句型的轉換直接引語是感嘆句時間接引語為what或how引導，也可以用that引導。Shesaid,"Whatalovelydayitis!"Shesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.Shesaidthatitwasalovelyday.Shetold(ordered)thechildrennot

to

makeanynoise."Bringmeacupoftea,please,"saidshe.Sheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea.Hesaid,"Let’s