歷史與地理（原卷版）-2021年高考英語【閱讀·話題篇】

備戰(zhàn)2021年高考英語?愛尚閱讀

專題05歷史與地理

【美文閱讀1】

Somethingwonderfulinadisaster

OnMay27,1995,ourlifewassuddenlychanged.lthappenedafewminutespastthree,whenmyhusband,Chris,

fellfromhishorseasitjumpedoverafence.Chriswasparalyzedfromthechestdown,unabletobreathe

normally.Ashewasthrownfromhishorse,weenteredintoalifeofconveniencewithlotsofunexpected

challcnges.Wewentfromthe"haves”tothe"have-nots".Orsowethought.

Yetwhatwediscoveredlaterwereallthegiftsthatcameoutofsharingdifficulties.Wecametolearnthat

somethingwonderfulcouldhappeninadisaster.AllovertheworldpeoplecaredforChrissomuchthatlettersand

postcardspouredineveryday.BytheendofthethirdweekinamedicalcenterinVirginia,about35,000piecesof

mailhadbeenreceivedandsorted.

Asafamily,weopenedletterafterletter.Theygaveuscomfortandbecameasourceofstrengthforus.Weused

themtoencourageourselves.Iwouldgotothepileoflettersmarkedwith"Funny"ifweneededalaugh,ortothe

“Disabled“boxtofindadvicefrompeopleinwheelchairsoreveninbedlivinghappilyandsuccessfully.

Theseletters,werealized,hadtobeshared.Andsohereweofferoneofthemtoyou.

DearChris,

Myhusbandand/weresosorrytohearofyourridingaccidentlastweek.Nodoubtyourfamilyandyour

friendsaregivingyouthestrengthtofacethistechnicalchallenge.Peopleeverywherearealsogivingyoubest

wisheseverydayandweareamongthosewhoarekeepingyoualive.

YoursSincerely,

NancyReagan

災難中的美好

1995年5月27日，我們的生活突然發(fā)生了變化。就在三點過幾分鐘，我丈夫克里斯從馬背上摔了下來，

他從胸前摔下來，無法正常呼吸。當他從馬背上摔下來的時候，我們進入了一個有很多意想不到的挑戰(zhàn)的

便利的生活。我們從從“有”到“無”?；蛘呶覀兪沁@么想的。

然而，我們后來發(fā)現(xiàn)，所有的禮物都來自于分享的困難。我們逐漸了解到，災難中可能會發(fā)生一些美

妙的事情。全世界的人都非常關心克里斯，以至于每天都有信件和明信片涌入。到了第三個周末，在弗吉

尼亞州的一個醫(yī)療中心，大約有35000封郵件已經收到并分類。

作為一個家庭，我們一封又一封地打開信，它們給了我們安慰，成為我們力量的源泉。我們用它們來

鼓勵自己。如果我們需要歡笑，我會去標有“有趣”字樣的那一堆信，或者到“殘疾人”的信箱里，向坐

在輪椅上甚至床上的人們尋求建議，讓他們快樂而成功地生活。

這些信件，我們意識到，必須被分享，所以在這里我們提供其中一封給你。

親愛的克里斯，

我丈夫和我很遺憾聽到你上周的騎行事故。毫無疑問，你的家人和朋友給了你力量去面對這項技術挑

戰(zhàn)。世界各地的人們也每天都在向你致以最美好的祝愿，而我們也是那些讓你活下來的人之一。

謹上，

南希?里根

注解：

1.paralyzedf'paeralaizd]adj.癱瘓的,麻痹的

2.chest[tjest]n.胸，胸腔；柜子，櫥

3.challengeL'tfaelindjJn挑戰(zhàn)；質問

4.pour[po：r]vt.灌,倒，注vi.傾瀉,流出

5.pile[pail]n.一堆,一疊v.堆積

6.technical['teknikcl]a.技術的,工藝的

語法點撥：

1.AllovertheworldpeoplecaredforChrissomuchthatlettersandpostcardspouredineveryday.

【歸納】so...that…引導結果狀語從句，表示“如此...以致…”,使用時要注意其倒裝方式，如：

Thisbookissointerestingthateveryonewantstoreadit.這本書很有趣，人人都想看看。

==Sointerestingisthebookthateveryonewantstoreadit.

注意：sothat…通常用于引導目的狀語從句,表示“為了、以便…"，如:

Theygotupearlysothattheycouldcatchtheearlybus.

為了能趕上早班車，他們早早就起床了。

2.1wouldgotothepileoflettersmarkedwith"Funny"ifweneededalaugh.

【歸納】thepileoflettersmarkedwith…其中markedwith為過去分詞作定語，相當于定語從

句thatweremarkedwith...?注意體會現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作定語的差別:

boiledwater開水boilingwater正沸騰的水

developedcountries發(fā)展的國家developingcountries發(fā)展中國家

fallenleaves落葉fallingleaves正在飄落的葉子

changedcondition改變了的情況changingcondition變化著的情況

【美文閱讀2】

導讀：本文介紹的是水城威尼斯。它是世界上唯一沒有汽車的城市；它因水而生，因水而美，因水而興，

號稱“亞得里亞?；屎蟆?。

Venice-QueenoftheAdriatic

ThehistoriccityofVenicestretchesacrossashallowsaltwaterlagooninnortheastItaly.Thecitywasoncea

majorseapowerandanimportantcenterforpoliticsandtrade.Ithassincefadedfromgloryanddeclinedin

influence,butthe“QueenoftheAdriatic"remainsrichinbeauty,art,andtourism.

①BuiltonastringofislandsalongsidetheAdriaticSea,Veniceisfamousforitscanals,whichserveasroads.

Theonlytransportationintheoldcitycenterhasbeenbyboatoronfootforcenturies.TraditionalVenetianboats

stillferrytouriststhroughthenarrowcanals,thoughnowadaysmostVenetianstravelbymotorizedwaterbus.

Archedfootbridgestraversethecanals,?addingtothepicturesquecharmofthisfairytalecity.Veniceis

Europe'slargestcar-freeareaandaWorldHeritageSite.

③WhileilsuniqueinfrastructureisenoughI。makeilahistoricgem.Venicealsoboastsarichcultural

history*DuringtheRenaissance,VenicewasoneofthemostimportantmusicalcentersinEurope.Countlessbooks,

plays,musicalcompositions,andworksofarthavebeeninspiredbyVenice.Presently,thecitydrawsmorethan

sevenmilliontouristsperyear.

Sadly,thefutureofVeniceisthreatened.Sincethe20thcentury,whenwellsbegantodrawwaterfromthe

groundtosupportlocalindustry,Venicehasbeensinking.Inmanyoldhouses,lowerlevelstaircasesarenow

floodedandformergroundfloorshavebecomeuninhabitable.Nevertheless,Venetianlife④goesonandthecity

continuestocharmitsmanyvisitors.

威尼斯一一亞得里亞?；屎?/p>

歷史名城威尼斯橫跨意大利東北部的一個咸水湖。這個城市曾經是一個主要的海上力量和重要的政治、

貿易中心。雖然它昔日的榮耀和影響力已經褪去，這位“亞得里亞?；屎蟆痹诿谰?、藝術與旅游業(yè)方面依

然非常富有。

建筑于亞得里亞海沿岸的一系列島嶼之上的威尼斯以運河而聞名，運河就是這個城市的道路。幾百年

來，舊城中心唯一的交通工具就是乘船或者步行。雖然現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)威尼斯人乘坐電動水上巴士，傳統(tǒng)的威

尼斯船只仍然在狹窄的運河中擺渡游客。拱形的人行天橋橫貫運河之上，為這座童話般的城市增加了如畫

般的吸引力。威尼斯是歐洲最大的無車區(qū)，也是世界遺產城市。

雖然獨特的基礎設施足以使它成為歷史珍寶，威尼斯還擁有豐富的文化史。在文藝復興時期，威尼斯

是歐洲最重要的音樂中心之一。威尼斯激發(fā)了無數(shù)書籍、戲劇、樂曲和藝術品的產生。目前，這座城市每

年吸引著七百多萬游客。

令人難過的是，威尼斯的未來受到了威脅。自從20世紀人們從水井抽取地下水支持當?shù)毓I(yè)開始，威

尼斯開始了下沉。在很多老房子里，低層的樓梯浸在水中，以前的一樓已經無法住人。盡管如此，威尼斯

的生活還在繼續(xù)，這座城市使眾多的游客為之陶醉。

重點單詞：

1.lagoon[la'gu：n]n.咸水湖

2.Adriatic[,eidri'aetik]adj.亞得里亞海的

3.ferry['feri]w.(乘渡船)渡過；用渡船運送

4.traverse['traevas;tra'v3：s]vt.穿過

5.picturesque[,plktfa'resk]adj.生動的；圖畫般的

6.heritage['heritidjJn.遺產

7.infrastructure['lnfrastrAktfa]n.基礎設施

8.gem[djem]n.寶石，珍寶；精華

9.boast[baust]包含，容納;有

10.Renaissance['renasans]n.文藝復興(歐洲14至16世紀)

重點短語/亮點句式：

1.BuiltonastringofislandsalongsidetheAdriaticSea,Veniceisfamousforitscanals,whichserveasroads.

建筑于亞得里亞海沿岸的一系列島嶼之上的威尼斯以運河而聞名，運河就是這個城市的道路。

(1)befamousfor因..而著名。如：

Aschoolassuchshouldbefamousforitsteaching,itssportsandgames,anditsstrictdiscipline.

一個像這樣的學校，必須在教學、運動、球戲、及嚴格紀律訓練等方面，能夠著名。

(2)which引導的是一個非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞canals。如：

Someoftheroadswereflooded,whichmadeourjourneymoredifficult.

有些路被水淹了，這使得我們的行程更加困難。

2.addto增添；加強。如：

Thebadweatheraddedtotheshipwreckedsailors'difficulties.

惡劣的天氣增加了失事船只的船員們的困難。

3.Whileitsuniqueinfrastructureisenoughtomakeitahistoricgem,Venicealsoboastsarichculturalhistory.

雖然獨特的基礎設施足以使它成為歷史珍寶，威尼斯還擁有豐富的文化史。

while在此意為“雖然”，引導讓步狀語從句。如：

Whileheloveshisstudents,heisstrictwiththem.

雖然他愛他的學生，他對他們非常嚴厲。

4.goon繼續(xù)。如：

Thissituationseemedtogoonindefinitely.

這種狀況似乎要無限期地繼續(xù)下去。

名句背誦：

Mostignoranceisvincibleignorance.Wedon'tknowbecausewedon'twanttoknow.(AldousHuxley,British

writer)

大多無知是可以克服的。我們不知道只是因為我們不想知道。(英國作家奧爾德斯?赫胥黎)

話題解凝

【話題解讀】

“歷史與地理”是高中英語課程標準話題之一，也是高考?？荚掝}。本話題包括中國歷史與地理的基

本知識、世界歷史與地理的基本知識、重大歷史事件以及與歷史活動有關的重要歷史人物、政治、經濟、

宗教活動等。通過"歷史與地理”這一話題的學習和高考考查，增強學生學習歷史與地理的興趣，提高學

生的歷史底蘊和文化修養(yǎng)，促進學生的身心健康。

近幾年的高考英語中，“歷史與地理”這個話題屢見不鮮。在聽力、閱讀理解、完形填空、語法填空以

及書面表達中，出題者常會涉及某個地方的史地概況、風土人情等，例如2016年浙江卷閱讀理解C篇、2016

年江蘇卷閱讀理解D篇、2016年四川卷閱讀理解C篇、2016年北京卷書面表達、2015年新課標卷I和2015

年新課標卷II的語法填空等。

【相關詞匯】

I.寫作必記單詞

1.attack”進攻；襲擊

2.disappear5.消失—disappearance!!.消失;失蹤

3.escape比逃跑

4.feedH喂養(yǎng)；飼養(yǎng)；靠……為生；向……提供

5.local呦.當?shù)氐囊唬緇ocate，把..設置（在）；使....坐落（于）—＞location九地點；位置

6.nativeadj.本地的;本國的

7.raise”飼養(yǎng)；提高

8.range〃.山脈；應.排列；延伸

9.ruin以毀壞；毀滅；幾廢墟；毀滅

10.strike-突然侵襲;打擊；打動；突然想到

11.threatenW威脅；恐嚇―threat幾威脅

II.閱讀識記單詞

12.abolishvt.廢除

13.aggression〃.侵略—aggressive。6?.侵略的；具有攻擊性的

14.betrayvt.出賣;泄露機密

15.distributevt.發(fā)放；分發(fā)一distribution〃.分配；配給

16.droughtn.干旱

17.dynasty〃.朝代

18.erupt（火山）爆發(fā)；噴發(fā)—＞eruptionn.爆發(fā)

19.frighten使驚恐一frightening。力令人驚恐的，駭人的一frightenedM?.害怕的；受驚的

20.foggyadj.有霧的一fog幾霧

2Lfreezing〃力冰凍的；極冷的一＞freeze將...冷凍，凍僵一＞frozen結冰的，冷凍的

22.geography〃?地理

23.historicadj.歷史的；有歷史意義的一history〃.歷史—historical必?.歷史（上）的；與歷史有關的

24.historicaladj.與歷史有關的

25.incidentn.事變

26.independence〃.獨立

27.invade侵略

28.monumentn.紀念碑

29.mountainousadj.多山的

30.occupyvt.占領；使忙碌

31.originn.起源；由來

32.religionn.宗教

33.religiousadj.宗教的

34.remote〃力?.偏遠的；偏僻的

35.racialadj.種族的

36.revolutionn.革命

37.sacrificevt.犧牲

38.shortage〃.缺乏

39.shower〃.陣雨；淋浴

4O.supplyvt.提供；供應；n.供應；供給

41.terrifyW.使恐怖

42.urbanadj.城市的；都市的

43.weapon〃.武器

III.話題相關詞匯

1.地理geography

2.古跡historicalspot

3.??；州province/state

4,首都；省會c叩ilal

5.礦藏，礦物質mineral

6.東南方的southeastern

7.西北方的northwestern

8.遺址ruin

9.郡/縣county

10.華南SouthChina

11.華北NorthChina

12.師范大學NormalUniversity

13.城市建筑urbanarchitecture

14.藝術長廊theartgallery

15.依據(jù)accordingto

16.悠久歷史havealonghistory/withalonghistory

17.挨近；靠近becloseto

18.礦產資源mineralresource

IV.話題相關詞組

1.城市規(guī)劃urbanplanning

2.城鎮(zhèn)人口urbanpopulation

3.追溯到datebackto

4.以.為背景setin

5.獨有的特色uniquefeatures

6.占土也面積7434平方公里coveranareaof7,434squarekilometres

7.人口超過600萬haveapopulationofover6million/withapopulationofmorethan6million...

8.2200年的悠久歷史haveahistoryof2,200years/withahistoryof2,200years

V.實用句型

L廣州,別名花城，地處珠江三角洲(thePearlRiverDelta)北部，臨近港澳。

ThecityofGuangzhou,nicknamedasFlowerCity,islocatedinthenorthofthePearlRiverDelta,closeto

HongkongandMacao.

2.廣州是廣東省的政治經濟文化中心。

Guangzhouisthepolitical,economicandculturalcentreofGuangdongProvince.

3.各地氣候差異很大。

Theclimatedifferssharplyfromoneareatoanother.

4.澳大利亞擁有極為豐富的礦產資源，且鐵礦儲量居世界第二。

Australiahasprettyrichmineralresources,anditsironresourceisranked2ndintheworld.

VI.佳作背誦

假定你是星光中學的高中畢業(yè)生李華，母校將為高一新生舉辦主題為"Whattolearninseniorhigh

school”的英語沙龍活動，特邀請你結合自身經歷談談自己的體會。請根據(jù)以下提綱準備一份英語發(fā)言稿。

1.學會學習：方法、習慣等；

2.學會做人：真誠、友善等；

3.其他方面：自擬。

［參考范文］

Whattolearninseniorhighschool

Goodmorning,everyone!Itismygreathonourtobeheretosharewithyoumyopinionsonwhattolearnin

seniorhighschool.

Inthecomingthreeyears,yourschoollifewillbechallenging.Firstly,youshouldlearntolearnefficiently.

Personally,Iusedtotryeffectivemethodstoachievemyacademicgoals.Developingagoodhabitisalsoof

importance.Itreallybenefitedmealottopreviewlessons,getactivelyinvolvedinclassandreviewwhathadbeen

taughtafterclass.

Inaddition,youshouldlearnhowtogetalongwithothersinschool.Forexample,Irespectedteachersand

wasfriendlywithclassmates.ltwaswithsincerityandfaithfulnessthatwecreatedaharmoniousatmosphere.

Finally,youshouldtakepartinsportsandotheroutdooractivitiesfrequently.Astheyareveryhelpfultobuild

upyourbodyandenrichyourschoollife.

Nopains,nogains.Iamsurethatwithyourgreatefforts,youwillenjoyacolorfulandfruitfullifehere.

Thankyou!

L閱讀理解

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

OnApril10,1912,theoceanlinerTitanicsetoffonitsfirstvoyagewithmorethan2,200peopleonboard.It

wasahistoricmoment.Theshipwasthelargestpassengershipintheworld.

ButonthenightofApril14,theTitanicstruckagianticeberg.Withinhours,itsanktothebottomoftheocean.

Therewereonlyenoughlifeboatsforabouthalfthepeopleonboard.Morethan1,500passengersandcrew

membersdied.

Thetragedymadeheadlinesaroundtheworld.Thetaleoftheshiphasinspiredmanybooks,playsandmovies.

Thatincludes1997'sTitanic---oneofthemostpopularfilmsinhistory.

Now,morethanacenturylater,areplica（復制品）oftheshipisbeingbuilt.TheTitanicIIisexpectedto

followtherouteoftheoriginalship.Itisscheduledtolaunchin2022andsailfromSouthampton,England,toNew

YorkCity.

Inmanyways,theTitanicIIwillbehardtotellapartfromtheoriginalship.Itwillhavethesamecabinlayouts

（布局）andservethesamefancymeals.ButaccordingtotheBlueStarLine,thecompanybuildingtheship,there

willbesomeimportantdifferences.TheTitanicIIwillhavethelatesttechnologyandsafetyfeatures---including

enoughmotor-drivenlifeboatsforeveryoneonboard.Thoughtheshipitselfwillbemoremodern,sailingonitwill

beajourneybackintime,saysClivePalmer,theOwnerofBlueStarLine.

“Itisatribute（致敬）tothespiritofthemenandwomenwhoworkedontheoriginalTitanic,hesays.

1.WhatdoweknowabouttheTitanic?

A.Itwasthelargestpassengershipofitsday.

B.Morethan2,200peoplediedwhenitsank

C.ItsetsailfromNewYorkCity.

D.Itsankthefirstdayafteritsetsail.

2.Whydoestheauthormentionthe1997movieTitanic?

A.Todescribetheship'sdesign.

B.Tohighlightthepublic'sinterestintheship.

C.ToexplainwhytheTitanicsank.

D.Tocomparethenewshipwiththeoriginalone.

3.HowwilltheTitanicIIdifferfromtheoriginalship?

A.ItwillfollowanewrouteacrosstheAtlanticOcean.

B.Itwillservefancymealstopassengers.

C.Itwillhaveenoughlifeboatsfbrallpassengers.

D.Itwillhavesmallercabinsforpassengers.

4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheUnsinkableTitanic

B.TheTitanicSailsAgain

C.TitanicStoriesWillGoon

D.TheReconstructionofTitanic

B

ThefirstorganizedsystemfbrsendingmessagesbeganinEgyptaround1500B.C.Thissystemdeveloped

becausethepharaohsfrequentlyneededtosendmessagesupanddowntheNileRiverinordertokeeptheirempire

runningsmoothly.Later,thePersiansdevelopedamoreefficientsystemforsendingmessagesusingmenand

horses.MessagescarriersrodealongtheroadsystemstretchingfromoneendofthePersianEmpiretotheother.

Alongtheseroads,freshmenandhorseswaitedatspecialstationstotakeandpassalonganymessagesthatneeded

tobesent.Thestationswhereriderspassedmessagesbackandforthwerebuilt23kilometersapart,sothemenand

horseswereabletotravelquicklybetweenthem.TheRomanslatertookuphisideaandimproveditbyusinga

moreadvancedandextensiveroadsystem.

InChina,however,KublaiKhanhadbuiltuphisownsystemfordeliveringmessages.Thissystemworkedin

thesamebasicwayastheRomansystem.ThedifferencewasthatKublaiKhankept300,000horsesalongtheroads

ofthisdeliverylines.Therewereover10,000stationswhereamessagewouldbepassedfromoneridertoanother

withafreshhorse.Inthisway,KublaiKhancouldreceivemessagesfromanywhereinthecountryinonlyafew

days.

Itwasnotuntilthe1500sthatawell-organizedpostalsystemappearedagaininEurope.Onefamily,thevon

Taxisfamily,gainedtherighttodelivermailfortheHolyRomanEmpireandpartsofSpain.Thisfamilycontinued

tocarrymail,bothgovernmentandprivate,throughoutEuropeforalmost300years.

In1653,aFrenchman,RenouarddeVelayer,establishedasystemfordeliveringpostinParis.Postalchargesat

thattimewerepaidbytherecipient,butdeVelayer'ssystemwasuniquebyallowingthesendertopre-paythe

charges,inasimilarwaytothemodernstamp.Unfortunately,deVelayer'ssystemcametoanendwhenjealous

competitorsputlivemiceinhisletterboxes,ruininghisbusiness.Eventually,government-controlledpostal

systemstookoverfromprivatepostalbusinesses,andbythe1700sgovernmentownershipofmostpostalsystems

inEuropewasanacceptedfactoflife.

Thethingthatalltheseearlysystemshadincommonwasthattheywerequiteexpensiveforpublicuse,and

wereintendedforusebythegovernmentandthewealthy.However,in1840,aBritishschoolteachernamedRoland

Hillsuggestedintroducingpostagestamps,andapostalratebasedonweight.Thisresultedinloweringpostalrates,

encouragingmorepeopletousethesystemtostayintouchwitheachother,HisideahelpedtheBritishpostal

systembegintoearnprofitsasearlyas1850.SoonafterthatmanyothercountriestookupMr.Hill'sidea.And

letterwritingbecameaccessibletoanyonewhocouldwrite.Today,theRolandHillawardsaregiveneachyearto

"encourageandrewardfreshideaswhichhelppromotephilately"(stampcollecting).

5.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

A.Howinternationalletterstravel.B.Asurprisingmethodfordeliveringmail.

C.Thehistoryofpostalsystems.D.Changesinthemethodsofcommunication.

6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutRenouarddeVelayeristrue?

A.Hiswasagovernment-controlledsystem.

B.Hiscompetitorsdestroyedhisbusiness.

C.Hissystemlastedforhundredsofyears.

D.Inhissystem,thepersonwhoreceivedtheletterpaidthepostagefees.

7.Whichofthesystemsmentionedinthepassagewasmostlikethepostalsystemtoday?

A.Egyptian.B.Chinese.

C.deVelayer's.D.vonTaxis*s.

8.WhatwasRolandHill'sgreatestachievement?

A.Hemadeletterwritingaccessibletotheaverageperson.

B.HemadealotofmoneyfortheBritishpostalsystem.

C.Hemadestampcollectingapopularhobby.

D.Hewonanawardforletterwriting.

C

Australiaisasocietyofpeoplefromarichdiversity（多樣）ofcultural,ethnic,linguistic（語言的）and

religiousbackgrounds.MostAustraliansareimmigrantsorthedescendants（后裔）ofimmigrantswhoarrivedover

thepasttwocenturiesfrommorethan200countries.

CulturalandlinguisticdiversitywasafeatureofAustralianlifebeforeEuropeansettlementandremainsa

definingfeatureofmodernsociety.ImmigrationbeganwithEuropeansettlementin1788.Itcontinuedatasteady

pace—reaching50,000ayearduringtheGoldRushPeriodofthe1850s—untilthepopulationreachedseven

millioninthe1940s.MostsettlerswerefromaBritishbackground.SincetheSecondWorldWar,theAustralian

government'simmigrationprogramhasbroughtmorethan6.6millionmigrantstoAustralia.

Today,almostoneinfourofAustralia'sestimatedresidentpopulationof24millionwasbomoverseas.The

last50yearshaveseenasignificantchangeinthesourcecountriesofpeoplewhochoosetocomehere.Inthe

1960s,45%ofallnewsettlerswerebornintheUnitedKingdomandIreland.By2006to2007,thishadfallento

17%,withsettlersandlong-termvisitorsincreasingfromcountriesintheAsia-Pacificregion,Africaandthe

MiddleEast.

Australiarecognizes,acceptsandrespectsculturaldiversity.Therearefewcountriesintheworldwhere

migrantshaveachievedthelevelofeconomic,political,socialandculturalparticipationthattheyhaveinAustralia.

ForeignlanguagesaretaughtinmostmainstreamAustralianschoolsanduniversities,aswellasincommunity

ethnicschools,manyofwhicharefundedbytheAustraliangovernment.TheAustraliangovernmentspendsalarge

amountofmoneyeveryyearsupportingtheteachingandlearningforAsian,Europeanandindigenous（本土的）

AustralianlanguagesandAustraliansignlanguageforthedeafinmainstreamschoolsaswellasthrough

communitylanguageprograms.

Foreignlanguagesaretaughtinbothprimaryandsecondaryschools.Themostpopularlanguagesstudiedare

Japanese,Chinese,French,Italian,German,Indonesian,Spanish,Vietnamese,ArabicandLatin.Around50%of

studentsstudyaforeignlanguageatsometimeduringtheirprimaryandsecondaryschooling.Almost150

languagesaretaughtinmainstreamandnon-mainstreamsettings.

9.Fromthetext,wecanlearnthat.

A.Australiabegantohavewavesofimmigrantsfrom1788

B.mostAustraliansareimmigrantsfromaBritishbackground

C.therewasn'tanyculturaldiversityinAustralianlifeuntilmodemtimes

D.about6.6millionpeopleimmigratedtoAustraliaduringWorldWarII

lO.Thethirdparagraphismainlyabout_.

A.Australia'sestimatedresidentpopulation

B.theeffectsofAustralia'simmigrationprogram

C.theincreaseinsettlersandlong-termvisitors

D.thechangeinthesourcecountriesofimmigrants

11.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.ThePopulationofAustralia.

B.TheForeignLanguagesofAustralia.

C.TheimmigrationPolicyofAustralia.

D.TheculturalandLinguisticDiversityofAustralia.

D

Recentlyaccordingtoanewresearch,humanshavehadalinktostarches（含淀粉的食物）forupto

120,000years—thafsmorethan100,000yearslongerthanwe'vebeenabletoplanttheminthesoilduringthe

timeoftheiceAge'sdrawingtoanend.TheresearchispartofanongoingstudyintothehistoryofMiddleStone

Agecommunities.

Aninternationalteamofscientistsidentifiede