大學(xué)英語聽說教程3-Unit-6-Stress

./Unit6StressPartAPre-listeningTaskQuestionsforDiscussion1.Whatdoesstressmean?2.Whatcausesstresstopeople?3.Doyousometimesfeelyouareunderstress?Whatmakesyoufeelstressed?4.Whatshouldwedotodealwithstress?AdditionalQuestionforDiscussionDoyouknowanythingaboutthelifeofapoliceofficer?Howstressfulcanitbe?LanguageFocusHerearesomesentencesandstructuresthatyoumayfindusefulindiscussingtheabovequestions.Stressisastateofworryduetopressurefromtoomuchworkorstudy,heavyresponsibilities,thequickenedpaceoflife,etc.Stressarisesfromfeelingoverwhelmedbecausetherejustseemstoomuchtodoandnotenoughtimetodoit.Ifeelstressed/I’munderstress/I’mundergreatpressurewhenIfeelIcan’tliveuptomyparents’expectations.Iworryalotaboutmyabilitytocompeteinthejobmarket/whatchancesthereareinthejobmarketwhenIgraduate/howIcanbestusewhatI’velearnedatcollegeinmyfuturejob.Myparentsandrelativeslay/placegreaterexpectationsonmethanIcanreach.MyteachersexpectmetodomorethanIcanhandle.BeingunabletospeakEnglishfluently/getonwellwithmyroommatesisoneofmybigworries.Havingtotaketestsofvariouskinds/completenumerousassignments/doalotofreadingbeforeclassputsgreatpressureonme.Thepressureofhavingtoworkagainstadeadlineistoomuchforme.Amajorchangeinlife,suchaslosingajoboradeathinthefamilyorendingarelationshipcausesgreatstress.Stressmaybecausedbyfinancialproblems/poorhealth/failingatest/disagreementswithroommates/misunderstandingbetweenfriends/breakingupwithone’sbestfriend.Exerciseisoneofthemosteffectivewaystorelievestress.ListeningtotraditionalChinese/classical/lightmusiccaneaseourminds.Talkingtoafriendhelpstogetwhateverisworryingyouoffyourchest.Participatinginsocialactivitiesproveseffectiveinrelievingstress.Tobepositiveinwhatwedoandtohaveahealthyattitudetowardslifewillhelpuscopewithharshreality.Startingahobbycanalsohelptorelievestress.Learningtosaynotoextraworkrequestsisagoodwaytobeatstress.Ithelpstorelievestressifwelookatthebrightsideoflife/viewthechangesinourlifeaschallenges/arerealisticandacceptwhathashappened/takeabreakfromlifeanddonothingforawhile.PartBListeningTasksConversation1BeingaPoliceOfficerIsaStressfulJobWordBankstressfula.causingsb.tofeeltenseandanxious充滿壓力的,緊張的patroln.theactofgoingatregulartimesaroundanarea,abuildingetc.toseeifthereisanytrouble巡邏undercovera.doneinsecret暗中進(jìn)行的,秘密的supervisev.todirectorbeinchargeof<work,workers>監(jiān)督；管理justifyv.toprovetobereasonable證明……有理presencen.thestateofbeinginaparticularplace到場routinea.regular常規(guī)的trafficviolationbreakingatrafficregulation違反交通規(guī)則backovertoreverseone’svehicleoversb.倒車撞擊jumpoutattoattacksuddenlywithoutwarning突然襲擊Script:Interviewer:Welcometoourprogram,Sam.Sam:Thankyou.Interviewer:Sam,howlonghaveyoubeenapoliceofficer?Sam:I’vebeenapoliceofficerforthirtyyears.Interviewer:Thirtyyears.Andyou’vehaddifferenttypesofassignmentsonthepoliceforce,Iguess.Sam:Yeah,I’vedoneeverythingfrompatroltoundercoverworktodetectivework,andnowI’msupervisinginvestigations.Interviewer:Sam,Ithinkmostpeoplewouldsaythatbeingapoliceofficerisaverystressfuljob.Wouldyouagree?Sam:Yes,it’sdefinitelyastressfuljob.Butitdependsonyourassignment.Interviewer:So,what’sprobablythemoststressfulassignmentyoucanhave?Sam:I’dsaypatrolisthemoststressfulassignment.Interviewer:That’sinteresting!Inwhatway?Sam:Well,Iguessthebiggestpartofthestressisthefearfactor—thefearoftheunknown.Interviewer:Whatdoyoumean,Sam?Sam:Well,inpatrolwork,youdon’tknowfrommomenttomomentwhoyouaretalkingtoorwhattheirreactionisgoingtobetojustifyyourpresence.Let’ssay,forexample,apatrolofficerstopssomeoneforatrafficviolation.Itseemsasthoughthatwouldbeaverylow-stresssituation.Interviewer:Yes,itisaverylow-stresssituation.Sam:Butthetruthis,therearemorepoliceofficersinjuredduringaroutinestop.Interviewer:Really?Sam:Really!That’swhyallpoliceofficersaretaughtfromtheverybeginningtobeawareoftheirsurroundings.Peoplebackoverpolicemen,peopleshootpolicemen,peoplejumpoutatpolicemen—differentkindsofthings.Sothat’sprobablythemoststressfultime.Interviewer:Isee.Let’stakeabreakandthenwe’llmoveontoournexttopic.Sam:Allright.Exercise1Listentotheconversationandchoosetherightanswerstothequestionsyouhear.1. What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers? a.Friends. b.Apoliceofficerandaninvestigator. c.Twopoliceofficers. d.Apoliceofficerandaprogramhostess.2. WhatdoesSammainlytalkabout? a.Hisjobasapoliceofficer. b.Hispersonallife. c.Howstressfulpatrolworkis. d.Howpoliceofficersaretaughttodealwithstress.3. WhatdoyouknowaboutSam? a.Heisanexperiencedpoliceofficer. b.Hewillquithispresentjobsoonerorlater. c.Heisagoodsupervisor. d.Heenjoysbeingapoliceofficer.Exercise2ListenagainandfillintheblankswiththemissinginformationaboutSam.Samhasbeenapoliceofficerfor30years.Hehasdoneeverythingfrompatroltoundercoverwork.Hehasalsodonedetectiveworkandnowheissupervisinginvestigations.Samthinksbeingapoliceofficerisaverystressfuljob,butitdependsontheassignmentonehas.Inhisopinionpatrolisthemoststressfulassignmentandthebiggestpartofthestressisthefearoftheunknown.Conversation2StressReducersWordBankmanifestv.toshowsth.plainly表明,顯示ulcern.asoreplaceontheskinorinsidethebodywhichmaybleed潰瘍documentv.tosupportanopinion,argumentetc.withrecordedfacts用文件或事實(shí)證明psychologicala.ofthemind心理〔上的counselingn.theprovisionofprofessionalassistanceandguidanceinresolvingpersonalorpsychologicalproblems〔對個人或心理問題等的咨詢服務(wù)fanaticn.apersonwhoisveryenthusiasticaboutsth.熱衷者stressreducersth.thatrelievespressureortension降低壓力的事物Script:Interviewer:Sam,you’vetalkedaboutthepoliceofficers’stressfultime.Nowlet’smoveontothenexttopic.SofarasIknow,there’saconnectionbetweenstressandillness.Doyouthinkthatthere’sahigherpercentageofillnessamongpoliceofficersthaninthegeneralpopulation?Imean,dotheygetmorecoldsoranything?Isthisreallytrue?Sam:Yes,itis,andthestresslevelnotonlymanifestsitselfindailyhealth—whetherornotyou’refeelingwellonanygivenday.Italsomanifestsitselfinthingslikeulcers,heartdisease—policeofficerstendtohaveahigherrateofheartdiseaseandulcersthanpeopleinotherprofessions.Interviewer:Really?That’sdocumented?Sam:Yes,it’sdocumented.Andalsothedivorcerateamongpoliceofficersismuchhigher.Interviewer:Istheresomethingthatthepolicedepartmentdoestohelpyoudealwiththisstress?Sam:Yes,thereareseveralprogramsthatmostpolicedepartmentshaveinplace.Oneisanexerciseprogramwheresomepartofyourdayisspentonsometypeofphysicalexercise.They’vefoundthat’sagreatstressreducer.Besides,there’salsoapsychologicalprogramwithcounselingforofficerstohelpthemreducetheirstress.Andthereareseveraldiscussiongroupsaswell.They’vefoundthatsometimesjustsittingaroundandtalkingaboutthestresswithotherofficershelpstoreduceit.So,thosethingsareavailable.Interviewer:Andwhatdoyoudo,personally,todealwiththestressofyourjob,Sam?Sam:Well,duringthebaseballseason,I’mthebiggestbaseballfanatic,andIwilleitherbereadingaboutbaseball,orlisteningtobaseball,orwatchingbaseball.AnotherthingItrytodoistogetsomesortofexerciseeveryday.AndthenIworkhardatkeepingupmypersonalrelationships,especiallymyrelationshipwithmywife.FortunatelyIgetalongverywellwithmywife.WhenIcomebackhome,Icantalkaboutmydaywithher,andthenjustforgetaboutit.Exercise1Listentotheconversationandthenyou’llhearfivestatementsbasedontheconversation.Write"T"foratruestatementand"F"forafalseone.1.Theconversationismainlyabouthowpoliceofficerscandealwithstress.<T>2.AccordingtoSam,mostpoliceofficersenjoygoodhealth.<F> 3.AccordingtoSam,thedivorcerateamongpoliceofficersishigherthanthatamongpeopleinotherjobs.<T>4.Counselingisthemosteffectiveprogramtohelppoliceofficersrelievestress.<F>5.Samknowshowtoreducehisstress.<T>Exercise2Listenagainandcompletetheanswerstothefollowingquestions.1.Whatdomostpolicedepartmentsdotohelpreducethestressofthepoliceofficers?Theyprovideseveralprogramstohelppoliceofficerscopewithstress.Oneisanexerciseprogram;anotherisapsychologicalprogramwithcounselingforofficers.Andthereareseveraldiscussiongroupsaswellforofficerstositdownandtalkabouttheirstresswithotherofficers.2.WhatdoesSamdotorelievehisstress?1>Hetakesagreatinterestinbaseball.2>Hetriestogetsomesortofexerciseeveryday.3>Heworkshardatkeepinguphispersonalrelationships,especiallyhisrelationshipwithhiswife.SpeakingTasksPairWorkDebating—ArgumentsfororagainsttheviewthatfeelingstressedbeforejobinterviewsisgoodASampleThestudentsaregoingtohavejobinterviewssoon.Theyareundergreatstress.Areyoufororagainststressbeforejobinterviews?Expressanddefendyourviewsfromtheperspectivesgiveninthecardbelow.Topic:Isitgoodtofeelstressedbeforeajobinterview?Perspectives:1.Fromtheperspectiveofastudent<positive>2.Fromtheperspectiveofanotherstudent<negative>PossibleArguments<forreference>Fromtheperspectiveofastudent<positive>I’mnotagainststressbeforejobinterviews.Whenwefinishcollegewe’llhavetofaceintensecompetitioninthejobmarket.Weallwanttogiveapresentationthatdemonstratesourabilitiesandpotentialbeforeinterviewers.Andthatrequiresanalertmindtoprepareitwell.Acertainamountofstressisnecessarytomakeusmoreenergeticandthereforemoreproductive.Fromtheperspectiveofanotherstudent<negative>PersonallyIdon’tthinkstressbeforeajobinterviewisagoodthing.Ifyou’vemadethebestofyourschoolyearstoseekknowledge,ifyou’vepreparedyourpresentationwell,thereisnoneedforyoutofeelstressed.Stressbeforeajobinterviewwillhaveanegativeeffectonyou.Lifebecomesveryunpleasant,becauseyouputenormouspressureonyourself.Youfindithardtogettosleep,havenoappetiteforfood,andarenotinamoodforanythinginteresting.Youbecomesonervousthatitwillinterferewithyourperformanceattheinterview.Thebestpolicyisrelaxandfacetheinterviewconfidently.Nowusetheabovesampleasyourmodelandcarryonsimilaractivitieswithyourpartner.Topic:Isitbadtofeelstressedduringthefinalexamweek?Perspectives:1.Fromtheperspectiveofsomestudents<positive>2.Fromtheperspectiveofsometeachers<negative>SomeIdeasforReferenceTheArgument<positive>Stressduringexamweekwillhaveanegativeeffectonus.Lifebecomesveryunpleasantbecauseweputenormouspressureonourselves.Wewillfindithardtogettosleep,havenoappetiteforfood,andarenotinamoodforanythinginteresting.Toomuchstressbeforeexamsisharmfultoourhealth.Feelingstressfulwillmakeusverynervousandwillinterferewithourperformanceintheexams.Ifwedon’tkeepstressundercontrolbeforeexams,wewillbecomeunfocusedandunabletothinkquickly.It’seasytosaythatsomestressisgoodbutit’sdifficulttoknowhowmuchstressistoomuch.TheCounter-argument<negative>Stressisanormalresponsetoeventsthathappentoallofus.Thestressresponseisourbody’swaytoprotectus.Somestresshelpsustostayfocused,energeticandalert.Stressisanaturalpartofastudent’slifeduringtheexamweek.Everyone,eventhebeststudents,willfeelstressfulduringtheexamweek.Acertainamountofstressisusefultosharpenourconcentrationandhelpusdealwithchallenges.Ifweareunderstress,wetendtoworkharder,andasaresultaccomplishmore.Sometimesstresscanstimulateusandincreaseourlevelofalertness.PartCTestYourListeningShortConversationsYou’regoingtohearfiveshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversationaquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatyou’veheard.Listencarefullyandchoosetherightanswertoeachquestionyouhear.1.M:Youlooksonervous,Rose.Areyouallright?W:Franklyspeaking,I’monpinsandneedles.Ihavetogiveapresentationtoagroupofimportantvisitorsthisafternoon.Q:WhydoesRosefeelnervous?a.Becauseshewillmeetagroupofveryimportantvisitorsthisafternoon.b.Becauseshehastodeliverareportintheafternoonbutitisn’tready.c.Becausesheisnotfeelingwell.d.Becausesheisgoingtospeakbeforeimportantvisitorsthisafternoon.2.M:Youlooksoupse