2024屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)練案1必修1Unit1Friendship練習(xí)含解析新人教

2024屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)練案1必修1Unit1Friendship練習(xí)含解析新人教必修一Unit1FriendshipⅠ.閱讀理解A(2020·河南省洛陽市尖子生第一次聯(lián)考)Iwasanewcomerinaclass.SowasAlice.That'swherethesimilaritiesended.Iwastallandshewassmall.Mythick,blackhairhadbeenrecentlycutshort.Hernaturalblondehairflowedtoherwaistandlookedgreat.Iwasawkwardandshy.Shewasn't.Icouldn'tstandher.Iconsideredhermyenemy.Shelikedme.Shewantedtobemyfriend.Oneday,sheinvitedmeoverandIsaidyes—Iwastooshockedtoansweranyotherway.Noonehadinvitedmeovertoplay.Butthisgirlwhoworethelatestfashionswantedmetogohomewithherafterschool.Igotverysurprisedwhensheledmeintoanapartmentbuilding.Shelivedonthefourthfloorinathree-roomplacewithhermother,herstepfather,hertwobrothersandhersister.Whenwegottotheroomshesharedwithhersister,shetookoutabigcaseofBarbies,whichwasmynextsurprise.Iwouldhavethoughtshe'doutgrownthem.Ihadneverplayedwiththem.Butwesatonthefloorofawalk-incloset,laughingaswemadeupcrazystoriesabouttheBarbies.That'swhenwefoundoutthatwebothwantedtobewriterswhenwewereolderandwebothhadwildimaginations.Wehadagreatdaythatafternoon.Ourjawsachedfromsmilingsomuch.Sheshowedmeherwardrobe,whichhadmostlycomefromaclothingstoredowntheblock.Thewomanwhoowneditusedherasamodelsometimesforhernewspaperadsandgaveherclothesinexchange.Alicehadthewholeneighborhoodcharmed.Thebookstoreownerslentherfashionmagazines,themovietheatergaveherfreepassesandthepizzaplaceletherhavefreeslices.SoonIwasincludedinhermagicworld.Wesleptoverateachother'shouses,andspenteveryfreemomenttogether.MydarkhairgrewoutandIlearnedtolovebeingtall.Alice,myfirstrealfriendsincechildhood,taughtmeanamazingandverysurprisingthingaboutmakingfriendsthatyourworstenemycanturnouttobeyourbestfriend.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己小時候與愛麗絲交朋友的經(jīng)歷。原本作者認為自己與愛麗絲有很多不同之處，視愛麗絲為敵人，而愛麗絲卻喜歡作者，并邀請作者去她家里。之后，作者更加了解愛麗絲，發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩人之間更多的相似之處。最后她們成了好朋友。1.Whatmadethesimilaritiesend？CA．Leavingtheauthor'soldschool.B．Beingadmittedtotheirnewclasses.C．Theirdifferencesinappearanceandpersonalities.D．Theirdifferentdemandsoffriendshipandfashion.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，兩個人不同的外表和性格使得她們的相似之處結(jié)束了。故選C。2．WhatdidtheauthorthinkoftheBarbies？AA．Alicewastoomatureforthem.B．Alicemusthavemadethembyherself.C．Theyshouldhavebeenkeptwell.D．Theybroughtherbacktoherchildhood.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“shetookoutabigcaseofBarbies，whichwasmynextsurprise.Iwouldhavethoughtshe’doutgrownthem.”可知，作者認為愛麗絲已經(jīng)長大了，不適合再玩芭比娃娃。outgrow意為“因長大而不適用……”。故選A。3.WecaninferfromthepassagethatAliceB.A．helpedtheauthorseeherownstrengthsB．wasgoodwiththepeoplearoundherC．helpedtobringoutthebestintheauthorD．inspiredtheauthor’sloveforfashion解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Thebookstoreownerslenther...freeslices.”可知，書店老板借給愛麗絲時尚雜志，電影院給她免費的入場券，比薩店讓她品嘗免費的比薩塊，由此可推知，愛麗絲善于與周圍的人打交道。故選B。4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAliceasafriend？DA．Humorous. B．Ambitious.C．Caring. D．Friendly.解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，原本在作者眼中愛麗絲是她的敵人，但是愛麗絲卻想和作者成為朋友；她邀請作者去她家里玩，最后她們成為好朋友；而且愛麗絲與她自己周圍的人都建立了很好的關(guān)系，由此可推知，愛麗絲是友好的。故選D。B(2021·天津市北辰區(qū)聯(lián)考)TheGovernor'sSchoolisdescribedasauniqueopportunityforhighschoolstudentstoinvolvethemselvesinmath,science,andtechnology.WhenIsignedupforcomputerprogramming,Iexpectedtolearnaboutcoding(編程).However,whatIdidn'texpectwasthatIwouldalsolearnhowtobuildstrongfriendships.JustbeforeIwentthere,Ididn'tknowwhattoexpectintheschool,feelingquiteataloss.Asenseofuncertaintyaboutmyfuturewasfloodingoverme.Onthefirstday,thestudentsawkwardlymovedaroundattheopeningceremonies.Althoughitisembarrassingtoadmit,Ihadn'tbeenabletosucceedinmyfriendshipinthepastbecauseIwastoofocusedonmyself.Thistime,Igotridofthedesiretosharepersonalstoriesandinsteadwaseagertoaskothersaboutthemselves.Aftersunsetonthesecondnight,Iheardthreegirlstryingtorecallthescheduleforanupcomingmuseumtrip.Aftereffectivecommunication,IknewtheywereBree,MeganandAvery.BreeandAverywereinenvironmentalscience,andMeganwasstudyingmathematics.Wehadalotincommonamongusfour,suchasourloveformovies,whichstrengthenedourfriendships.Meanwhile,wewereabletointroduceeachothertonewactivities.Breeintroducedustoanime(日本動漫).Enthusiastically,Meganencouragedustoplaytennis.AveryandIkepttheothertwomotivatedtoworkoutatthegym.Thefactthatnoneofuswasparticularlyskilledwithequipmentresultedinsharedlaughteralmosteveryday.Afterfourweeks,Ileftwiththeabilitytosuccessfullycodeaneducationalcomputergame.Moreimportantly,Ialsoleftwithknowledgeaboutthecodeoffriendship—thefactthatIcouldmakemorefriendsinamonthbyshowinginterestinthemthanIcouldinayearbytryingtoattractothers'interestinme.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。作者在介紹自己在Governor學(xué)校的經(jīng)歷。通過作者的親身經(jīng)歷告訴我們“友誼的成功密碼是對他人表現(xiàn)出興趣?！?．TheauthorwenttotheGovernor'sSchooltooriginallylearnhowtoA.A．codecomputerprogramsB．makefriendswithothersC．developherpersonalhobbyandinterestD．shareherpersonalstorieswithothers解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“WhenIsignedupforcomputerprogramming,Iexpectedtolearnaboutcoding(編程)”．“當我報名學(xué)習(xí)計算機編程時，我希望學(xué)習(xí)編程?！笨芍?，作者最初到theGovernor學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)如何編寫計算機程序。故選A。6．TheauthorhadfailedinherfriendshipmainlybecauseB.A．shewasembarrassedtostaywithherfriendsB．shecaredlittleaboutothersC．shelongedtoknowaboutothersD．shefocusedherattentiononherstudy解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Althoughitisembarrassingtoadmit,Ihadn'tbeenabletosucceedinmyfriendshipinthepastbecauseIwastoofocusedonmyself.”雖然承認這很尷尬，但我在過去的友誼中沒能成功，因為我太專注于自己?？芍髡叩挠颜x失敗主要是因為她不關(guān)心別人。故選B。7．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？BA．Averystudiedmathematicsintheschool.B．Thefourgirlshadawonderfultimeatschool.C．Thoughthefourgirlshadnothingincommon,theybecamegoodfriends.D．BeforegoingtotheGovernor'sSchool,theauthorhadthebasicknowledgeaboutcomputers.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Thefactthatnoneofuswasparticularlyskilledwithequipmentresultedinsharedlaughteralmosteveryday.”事實上，我們中沒有一個人對設(shè)備特別熟練，這導(dǎo)致我們幾乎每天都在一起大笑?？芍?，四個女孩在學(xué)校玩得很開心。故選B。8．Accordingtotheauthor,thesuccesscodeoffriendshipisD.A．gettingotherstobeinterestedinherB．a(chǎn)ddingmorelaughtertoothers'lifeC．keepingothersmotivatedbystoriesD．becomingmoreinterestedinothers解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Moreimportantly,Ialsoleftwithknowledgeaboutthecodeoffriendship—thefactthatIcouldmakemorefriendsinamonthbyshowinginterestinthemthanIcouldinayearbytryingtoattractothers'interestinme.”更重要的是，我也帶走了關(guān)于友誼密碼的知識—事實是，我可以通過對他們表現(xiàn)出興趣而在一個月內(nèi)交到更多的朋友，而不是通過吸引別人對我感興趣而在一年內(nèi)交到更多的朋友?？芍?，根據(jù)作者的觀點，友誼的成功密碼是對他人表現(xiàn)出興趣。故選D。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2021·成都市高中畢業(yè)班摸底)Travelingalonegivesyouthefreedomtocreateyourownscheduleanddoasyouplease.1.DForexample,atravelpartnercanprovidepracticalsupportandshareintherewardsoffirst-handexperiencewithunfamiliarlocationsandcultures.Hereareseveraltipstofindatravelpartnerwhowillimproveyourjourney.2.ATravelingshouldbefun.Whenyouareonatrip,youwillwanttodolotsofactivitiesthatyouenjoy.Preferably,yourcompanionwillwanttodothesamethingsasyou.Discussfinancialplans.Beforeyoutravel,youshouldplanabudget.3.EYoudon'twanttobeplanninganexpensivegetawayatthesametimeyourfriendislookingforbudgettravel.Haveanhonestconversation.Ifyouarethinkingabouttravelingwithacompanion,takesometimetohaveanopendiscussion.Scheduleatimetositdownandtalk.Trysaying，“Iknowwe'vetalkedabouttheideaoftravelingthroughEuropetogether.Let'shaveacoffeethisweekandactuallytalkthatthrough.”4.BYoushouldalsotalkaboutyourtravelstyle.Findsomeonewhoisflexible.Chooseatravelpartnerwhocanadjust.5.GMaybeitwillrainonthedayyouplannedtovisittheGrandCanyon.OryoumightnotbeabletogetreservationsatthatFrenchrestaurantyou'vebeendyingtotry.A．Lookforsomeonewithcommoninterests.B．Youshoulddiscussyourgoalsforthetrip.C．Travelwithafriendwhoisprettyeasygoing.D．Buttravelingwithapartnerhasitsbenefits,too.E．Makesurethatyouareonthesamepageconcerningmoney.F．Trytomeetyournewtravelpartnerinpersonbeforeyourtrip.G．Nomatterhowcarefullyyouplanyourtrip,itislikelythatsomethingwillgowrong.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了如何找到一個很好的旅伴。解析：1．根據(jù)空后句子“Forexample，atravelpartnercanprovidepracticalsupportandshareintherewardsoffirst-handexperience”可知，空處談?wù)摰氖呛吐冒橐黄鹇眯杏嘘P(guān)的，而空前講述的是獨自旅行，上下文之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。所以D選項正確。2．根據(jù)空處所在位置可知，此處為段落主題句。根據(jù)本段最后一句可知，最好和你的旅伴有共同的興趣。所以A選項正確。3．根據(jù)本段中的關(guān)鍵詞“financialplans”“planabudget”和“budgettravel”可知，選項E中的“onthesamepageconcerningmoney”與此內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)。所以選E。4．根據(jù)本段主題句“進行誠實的談話”?？芍硕蔚暮诵脑掝}是“談話”；又根據(jù)空后的“Youshouldalsotalkaboutyourtravelstyle.”可知，你還需要和你的旅伴討論你們的旅行方式。選項B中的關(guān)鍵詞“discussyourgoals”與此呼應(yīng)。所以選B。5．本段主題句是“找到一個頭腦靈活的旅伴?！?。根據(jù)空后的例子可知，在旅行中會突然出現(xiàn)意想不到的事情。G選項中的“carefullyyouplanyourtrip”和“gowrong”與此照應(yīng)。所以選G。Ⅲ.語法填空(2021·山東省泰安市高三期末)Lookattheroundcakes.TheyaremadebySiewBoon.Sheisajellyartist1.who/thatrunsherownbusiness.Shehascreatedbeautiful3Djellycakesby2.using(use)seaweedjellyandnaturalcoloring.SiewBoon3.began(begin)herbusinessmorethantwoyearsago.Inlate2017,unfortunately,doctorsfoundacanceronherbreast.However,shewasdeterminednottoletcancergetinthewayofherdoing4.whatsheloved.Onthedayswhenshewasfeeling5.better(well),shespenttimecreating3Djellycakesforherteamofdoctorsandcarers.Duringherfightwithbreastcancer,focusingoncreatingbeautiful3Djellycakeshelpedtoturnherfocusaway6.fromthephysicalpainandnegativethoughts.Movingforward，shehopestofind7.ways(way)tomakeitameaningfulcareer.Everypieceiscreatedupsidedownandtakesupto4hourstocomplete.Theflowersaremadewithspecialtools.Ittakesalotofcreativityand8.patience(patient)tocreateeverypiece.Asidefrombeingbeautiful,thecakesarespecialintaste.Theyhavea9.variety(vary)ofuniquetastes，suchasflavorsofapples，lemons,peachesandroses.SiewBoonthinksthemost10.satisfying/satisfactory(satisfy)partofherjobistobeabletobringjoytoothers.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。講述了罹患癌癥的SiewBoon成功創(chuàng)作3D果凍蛋糕的故事。解析：1．考查定語從句。從句中缺少主語，先行詞是artist，所以填關(guān)系代詞who/that。2．考查非動詞的時態(tài)。介詞by后接動詞的-ing形式。3．考查動詞的時態(tài)。由時間狀語morethantwoyearsago可知，填一般過去時態(tài)。4．考查賓語從句。從句中l(wèi)oved缺少賓語，所以填起雙重作用的what。5．考查比較級。前面生病，此處指她感到比生病時好受時，所以填比較級形式。6．考查介詞。turn...awayfrom...“把……從……轉(zhuǎn)走”。7．考查名詞的數(shù)。由句意知，此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式。8．考查名詞。此處與前面的creativity詞性一致，所以填名詞形式。9．考查名詞。avarietyof“各種各樣的”。10．考查形容詞。此處修飾后面的名詞，所以填形容詞形式。Ⅳ.短文改錯(2021·南昌市高三摸底)LastSunday,whenIwalkthedog,Inoticedaposteraboutthevolunteerworks.ItinterestedmesuchmuchthatIsharedthenewswithmyfamilyexcited.Afteraheateddiscussion,weagreedontrashpickingandthentheymadesometrashbasketsoutofbamboo.Carriedthosebaskets,wewentdownstairsbutjoinedthecleanersinpickingupthetrash.Tiredaswewere,wefeltsatisfyingasourcommunitylookedcleanandtidy.Thisexperienceofferedmesenseofachievement,whichcouldtobenefitmeforalifetime.答案：LastSunday,whenIeq\o(walk,\s\do8(walked))thedog,Inoticedaposteraboutthevolunteereq\o(works,\s\do8(work)).Itinterestedmeeq\o(such,\s\do8(so))muchthatIsharedthenewswithmyfamilyeq\o(excited,\s\do8(excitedly)).Afteraheateddiscussion,weagreedontrashpickingandtheneq\o(they,\s\do8(we/I))madesometrashbasketsoutofbamboo.eq\o(Carried,\s\do8(Carrying))thosebaskets,wewentdownstairseq\o(but,\s\do8(and))joinedthecleanersinpickingupthetrash.Tiredaswewere,wefelteq\o(satisfying,\s\do8(satisfied))asourcommunitylookedcleanandtidy.Thisexperienceofferedmeeq\o(∧,\s\do8(a))senseofachievement,whichcouldtobenefitmeforalifetime.解析：1．動詞時態(tài)誤用。根據(jù)時間狀語LastSunday可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時。2．名詞形式誤用。work作“工作”講時是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。3．固定搭配誤用。so...that...和such...that...都是固定搭配，意為“如此……以至于……”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，其中so修飾形容詞或副詞，故此處用so修飾副詞much。4．形容詞和副詞混用。修飾動詞應(yīng)用副詞，此處修飾動詞shared，故將excited改為excitedly。5．代詞誤用。與句子主語we呼應(yīng)，并結(jié)合語境可知，此處表示我們/我用竹子做了一些垃圾筐，故用代詞we/I作并列分句的主語。6．非謂語動詞誤用。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非謂語動詞，和句子主語we構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。7．連詞誤用。根據(jù)語境可知，“下樓”和“加入清潔工”為順承關(guān)系，而非轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用and。8．形容詞誤用。此處修飾人，應(yīng)用satisfied“滿意的，滿足的”。satisfying“令人滿意(或滿足)的”修飾物。9．冠詞漏用。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“這次經(jīng)歷給了我一種成就感”，應(yīng)用asenseof...搭配，故在sense前加a。10．不定式符號to多用。情態(tài)動詞后跟動詞原形，故將不定式符號to刪除。必修一Unit2EnglisharoundtheworldⅠ.完形填空(2021·鄭州市質(zhì)檢)Veryfewofusbecomefluentinanotherlanguagebylearningitinhighschool.Iwenttouniversityandthenmovedacrossthecountrytoseeka1.Ajobforahighsalary,marriedandraisedchildren.Imadeaneffortto2.CthelittlebitofFrenchIlearnedinschool,buteventuallyIrealizedthatthiswasreally3.B.Iwasquiteawarethatnewlanguagesarebestlearnedwhenyoung,andthatourabilitiesinthatregarddeclinewith4.D.However,justbeforemy50thbirthday,I5.CFrenchclasses.AfterIwastestedtoseewhichgroupIbelongedto,Iwasplacedatalmosttheintroductory6.A.WhenIlookedaroundatmyfirstclass,Iwas7.BthatmanyofthestudentswerelearningFrenchasathird，fourthorevenfifthlanguage.Contrarytomy8.Cthatlearninganewlanguagewasimpossiblydifficult,therewerepeoplewholearnednewlanguagesasamatterofcourse.WhileIhadalwaysthoughtofmyselfasa9.Dlearner，thatwasnolongerthecase.I10.Anewvocabularyratherslowly.WhatIlearnedoneweekseemedto11.CassoonasIlearnedthenextskill.Ihadtolookupthe12.Bwordsandlanguagestructuresoverandover.Now,afterseveralyearsoflearning,IcanlistentothenewsinFrenchand13.A90%ofitonthefirsttry,readanovelifthelanguageisn'ttoo14.Canddowellinaconversationifitdoesn'tgotoofast.I'velearnedsomuchbeyondgrammarandvocabulary.I'vemetpeoplefromaroundtheworldandallwalksoflifewhohavethe15.Ctomakefoolsofthemselvesinordertolearnsomethingnew.I'vebeentaughtby16.Bandinspirationalteachersfrommanycornersoftheworld.Listeningtothenewsasitis17.DtothepeopleofFrance,Ihavearenewedunderstandingofhowsomethingcanlook18.Adifferentfromanotherviewpoint.I'velearnedthatalanguageisnotjustasetofwords,butawayof19.B.Butmostofall,I'velearnedthatitisnevertoo20.Ctolearnsomethingnew.文章大意：作者以前認為學(xué)習(xí)新語言的最佳時候是年輕的時候，隨著年齡的增長，我們的語言學(xué)習(xí)能力會下降。但是作者在50歲之前卻報了法語班去學(xué)法語，其當時只有初級水平，但經(jīng)過幾年學(xué)習(xí)后，作者的法語水平有了很大的提高。從而，作者意識到，學(xué)習(xí)新事物什么時候都不晚。1．A.demanding B．temporaryC．meaningful D．steady解析：根據(jù)該句中的“forahighsalary”和生活常識可推知，作者找的工作應(yīng)該是要求高的，一般來說做這樣的工作才能拿到高工資。demanding“要求高的”。2．A.understand B．reviewC．keep D．master解析：根據(jù)該句中的定語從句“Ilearnedinschool”和語境可推知，作者想留住在學(xué)校里學(xué)的那一點點法語，但是作者最終發(fā)現(xiàn)那實際上是徒勞的。3．A.helpful B．pointlessC．worthwhile D．necessary解析：參見上題解析。pointless“無用的”。4．A.health B．concernC．interest D．a(chǎn)ge解析：根據(jù)該句中的“Iwasquiteawarethatnewlanguagesarebestlearnedwhenyoung”可推知，語言學(xué)習(xí)能力隨著年齡的增長而下降。5．A.gotreadyfor B．gotonwithC．signedupfor D．fellinlovewith解析：根據(jù)下一句中的“AfterIwastestedtoseewhichgroupIbelongedto”可推知，作者在50歲前報名參加了法語培訓(xùn)班。signupfor“報名參加”。6．A.level B．positionC．a(chǎn)ttempt D．test解析：根據(jù)該句中的“AfterIwastestedtoseewhichgroupIbelongedto”可知，作者在上課前參加了分班考試，被分到了幾乎是初級水平的班。7．A.disappointed B．a(chǎn)mazedC．a(chǎn)nnoyed D．excited解析：根據(jù)該句中的“manyofthestudentswerelearningFrenchasathird,fourthorevenfifthlanguage”和語境可推知，作者很吃驚班里許多學(xué)生把法語作為第三、第四甚至第五語言來學(xué)習(xí)。8．A.agreement B．researchC．a(chǎn)ssumption D．conclusion解析：根據(jù)第一段“Veryfewofusbecomefluentinanotherlanguagebylearningitinhighschool”和對第二段的整體理解可推知，作者之前認為學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言會困難得不可思議。assumption“假定，假設(shè)”。9．A.clumsy B．confidentC．serious D．quick解析：根據(jù)該句中的“thatwasnolongerthecase”和下一句“I10newvocabularyratherslowly”可推知，作者之前一直認為自己是學(xué)得快的人。quick“敏捷的，迅速的”。10．A.absorbed B．consultedC．created D．recognized解析：根據(jù)上一句中的“l(fā)earner”可推知，作者學(xué)新詞匯學(xué)得相當慢。absorb“吸收”。11．A.godown B．payoffC．slipaway D．buildup解析：根據(jù)空后一句可推知，作者學(xué)了一個星期的東西很快就忘了。slipaway“消失”符合語境。12．A.key B．sameC．fresh D．complex解析：根據(jù)該句中的“overandover”，可推知，同樣的單詞和語言結(jié)構(gòu)作者要反復(fù)查看才行。13．A.catch B．reciteC．guess D．hear解析：根據(jù)該句中的“Now，afterseveralyearsoflearning”和語境可推知，作者的法語水平有了很大的提高，可以一遍聽懂90%的法語新聞。catch“領(lǐng)會”。14．A.changeable B．internationalC．difficult D．native解析：根據(jù)該句中的“dowellinaconversationifitdoesn'tgotoofast”可推知，如果小說不太難的話作者還是能夠讀懂的。15．A.chance B．trickC．courage D．desire解析：根據(jù)該句中的“makefoolsofthemselvesinordertolearnsomethingnew”可推知，為了學(xué)習(xí)語言而讓自己出丑，這需要勇氣。16．A.strict B．patientC．polite D．simple解析：根據(jù)語境和空后的“inspirational”可知，作者遇到了有耐心(patient)且有感召力的老師。simple“普通的，平凡的，一般的”不符合語境。17．A.announced B．sentC．returned D．presented解析：作者也聽給法國人聽的新聞。present“展示”符合語境。18．A.completely B．equallyC．roughly D．slightly解析：根據(jù)該句中的“fromanotherviewpoint”并結(jié)合語境和常識可推知，此處表示“某些事物從另一個角度看是如何完全不同的”。19．A.challenging B．thinkingC．living D．learning解析：根據(jù)上一句中的“Ihavearenewedunderstandingofhowsomethingcanlook18differentfromanotherviewpoint”可推知，作者意識到語言也是一種思維方式。20．A.slow B．impossibleC．late D．inconvenient解析：根據(jù)上文可知，作者在50歲之前報法語班學(xué)習(xí)法語，其當時只有初級水平，但經(jīng)過幾年學(xué)習(xí)后，其法語水平有了很大的提高，由此可推知，作者意識到學(xué)習(xí)新事物什么時候都不晚。Ⅱ.閱讀理解(2020·廣州市綜合測試)Dependingonwhatlanguageyouspeak,youreyesseecolours—andtheworld—differentlyfromsomeoneelse.Thehumaneyescanphysicallyperceivemillionsofcolours.Butwedon'tallrecognisethesecoloursinthesameway.Somepeoplecan'tseedifferencesincolours—so-calledcolour-blindness—duetoadefectorabsenceofcertaincellsintheireyes.Butthedistributionofthesecellsalsovariesacrosspeoplewith“normalvision”，causingusalltoexperiencethesamecolourinslightlydifferentways.Languageaffectsourcolourperceptiontoo.Differentlanguagesandculturalgroupsalsocategorizecoloursdifferently.SomelanguageslikeDani,spokeninPapuaNewGuinea,andBassa,spokeninLiberia,onlyhavetwoterms,darkandlight.Darkroughlytranslatesascoolcoloursinthoselanguages,andlightaswarmcolours.Socolourslikeblack,blue,andgreenareglossedascoolcolours,whilelightercolourslikewhite,red,orangeandyellowareglossedaswarmcolours.Otherculturalgroupshavenowordfor“colours”atall.Remarkably,mostoftheworld'slanguageshavefivebasiccolourterms.Aswellasdark,light,andred,theselanguagestypicallyhaveatermforyellow,andatermthatreferstobothblueandgreen.Thatis,theselanguagesdonothaveseparatetermsfor“green”and“blue”butuseonetermtodescribebothcolours.Also,Russian,Greek,Turkishandmanyotherlanguageshavetwoseparatetermsforblue—onereferringexclusivelytodarkershades,andonereferringtolightershades.Thewayweperceivecolourscanalsochangeduringourlifetime.Greekspeakers,whohavetwodifferenttermstodescribelightanddarkblue,aremorelikelytoseethesetwocoloursasthesameafterlivingforlongperiodsoftimeintheUK.There,thesetwocoloursaredescribedinEnglishbythesamefundamentalcolourterm—blue.Differentlanguagescaninfluenceourperceptionsinallareasoflife,notonlyincolour.Scientistsarenowinvestigatinghowdifferentlanguageschangethewayweperceiveeverydayobjects.Ultimately,thishappensbecauselearninganewlanguageislikegivingourbraintheabilitytointerprettheworlddifferently.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。不僅色盲或某些細胞的分布差異會影響人們對顏色的認知，語言對顏色的認知也有很大的影響——不同的語言和文化群體對顏色有不同的分類。1．Whatismainlydiscussedinparagraph2？CA.Themedicalcausesofpeople'scolour-blindness.B．Thedifferenttypesofcoloursthatpeoplecansee.C．Thephysicalcausesofvariationinpeople'svision.D．Theculturalreasonsfordifferencesincolourperception.解析：段落大意題。通讀第二段內(nèi)容可知，該段主要介紹了色盲或某些細胞的分布差異導(dǎo)致人們對顏色的感知不相同。故C項正確。2．ManylanguagegroupscommonlyusethesamewordtorefertoD.A．yellowandredB．warmcoloursandcoldcoloursC．darkandlightD．blueandgreen解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Remarkably，mostoftheworld'slanguageshavefivebasiccolourterms.Aswellasdark，light，andred，theselanguagestypicallyhaveatermforyellow，andatermthatreferstobothblueandgreen.”可知，世界上大多數(shù)語言都有五個基本的顏色術(shù)語，它們通常有一個術(shù)語同時表示藍色和綠色。故D項正確。3．WhatdoweknowabouttheRussianlanguage？BA.Itclassifiescoloursaseitherwarmcoloursorcoldcolours.B．Ithasmorethanonewordforthecolourblue.C．Itmainlydescribesobjectsintermsoftheircolours.D．Ithasonlyfivebasictermstodescribecolours.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段尾句“Also，Russian，Greek，Turkishandmanyotherlanguageshavetwoseparatetermsforblue—onereferringexclusivelytodarkershades，andonereferringtolightershades.”可知，俄語、希臘語、土耳其語和許多其他語言都有兩個不同的術(shù)語來形容藍色——一個專門指深色，另一個指淺色。故B項正確。4．WhydoestheauthormentionGreekspeakerslivingintheUK？AA．Toillustratehowsocialcontextcanaffectoursenses.B．Toprovideanexampleofculturalmiscommunication.C．Tohighlightthevariationinthewordsusedtodescribecolour.D．Todemonstratehowlanguagescancombinetoproducenewwords.解析：推理判斷題。第五段介紹了如下現(xiàn)象：說希臘語的人有兩個不同的術(shù)語來描述淺藍色和深藍色，但在英國生活了很長一段時間后，他們更可能認為這兩種顏色是一樣的。在英語中，這兩種顏色用同一個基本顏色術(shù)語來描述——藍色。據(jù)此可推知，作者提及在英國生活的希臘人是為了說明“社會環(huán)境(語言環(huán)境)會影響我們對顏色的感知?！边@一觀點。故A項正確。Ⅲ.閱讀七選五(2021·湖北省荊門市高三聯(lián)考)CustomsoneithersideoftheAtlanticWeallknowthatBritainandtheUSaretwocountriesconnectedbyacommonlanguage.Butinfact,1.C.AsBBCdidinarecentstorycalled8SituationsWhenBritonsBehaveDifferentlyFromAmericans.BelowTeenshaspickedoutfourforyou.Takealook.Whensomeoneknocksintoyou.IfsomeonebumpsintoanAmerican,thevictimwillmostlikelylooktheaccidentalaggressorinthefaceandexpectanapology.If,however,2.E，chancesarethatthevictimwillsay‘sorry’beforetheothercanmakehisorherownapology.3.A.Britonsdon'tallchangeintoeveningdressforsupperlikewhatyoumayhaveseeninpopularTVshowslikeDowntonAbbey.Buttheydotendtomakeaneffortwhengoingoutfordinnersomewherenice.Americans,however,willprobablywearacasualshirttoafancyeatery.Whenyoudon'tfinishyourfood.Whendiningoutatarestaurant,4.F.Theythinkthefoodissomehow“tainted”oncethey'vepokedatitwithaknifeandfork.IntheUS,wrappingituptotakehomeisastandardpractice.Whenyougetintoataxi.Britonswillgivethecabdriveranaddress,thenassumethat'sitfortheinteractionuntilit'stimetopay.Evenifthey'rebeingtakeninaroundaboutway,5.D.IntheUS,however,mostpassengersthinknothingoftellingthedriverwhatroutetotakeaftertellinghimorherthedestination.A．WhenyougetdressedfordinnerB．WhenyougooutwithyourfriendsC．thedifferencesaremorefuntoobserveD．they'reveryunlikelytosayanythingE．thevictimhappenstobeBritishF．Britonswouldn'tthinktotaketheleftovershomeG．theywillpointitoutimmediatelyandpolitely文章大意：這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了英國和美國的風俗習(xí)慣。解析：1．由“WeallknowthatBritainandtheUSaretwocountriesconnectedbyacommonlanguage.Butinfact,1.AsBBCdidinarecentstorycalled8SituationsWhenBritonsBehaveDifferentlyFromAmericans.”可知，眾所周知，英國與美國因為使用同一種語言而有諸多相似之處。近日，BBC就刊登了一篇文章，題為“八種情境：英美人的不同表現(xiàn)”。所以該題既要與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，又要承接下文。故C選項“探尋英美文化間的差異更加有趣”切題。故選C項。2．由“chancesarethatthevictimwillsay“sorry”beforetheothercanmakehisorherownapology.”可知，被撞者則很可能會在撞人者開口道歉之前先說“對不起”。所以該題是條件狀語從句的從句，說明如果被撞的碰巧是英國人，他們則很可能會在撞人者開口道歉之前先說“對不起”。且話題一致。故E選項“如果被撞的碰巧是英國人”切題。故選E項。3．由“Britonsdon'tallchangeintoeveningdressforsupperlikewhatyoumayhaveseeninpopularTVshowslikeDowntonAbbey.Buttheydotendtomakeaneffortwhengoingoutfordinnersomewherenice.Americans,however,willprobablywearacasualshirttoafancyeatery.”可知，享用晚餐時，英國人雖然不會像熱門英劇《唐頓莊園》中那樣人人身著晚禮服，但在去高級餐廳就餐時也會在穿著上頗下一番功夫。而美國人則可能穿一件休閑襯衫就出入高級餐館。所以本段主要在說晚宴穿什么也就是該題本段的標題所要說明的內(nèi)容。故選A項。4．由“Whendiningoutatarestaurant,4.Theythinkthefoodissomehow‘tainted’oncethey'vepokedatitwithaknifeandfork.”可知，外出就餐時，因為在他們看來食物一旦被刀叉“染指”后便被“玷污”了。所以該題要補充出時間狀語從句的主句，也要承接下文。故F選項“英國人不會將剩飯剩菜打包帶走”切題。故選F項。5．由“Evenifthey'rebeingtakeninaroundaboutway”可知，甚至在看見司機繞路時。所以該題要補充是讓步狀語從句的主句，說明甚至在看見司機繞路時，會怎么辦。故D選項“他們也會一言不發(fā)”切題。故選D項。Ⅳ.語法填空(2020·昆明市“三診一?！?BecauseofRichardSears'enthusiasmfor1.traditional(tradition)Chineseculture,hebeganlearningChinesein1972.2.Attracted(attract)bytheancientlanguage,SearsoftenwentbackandforthbetweenChinaandAmerica.In1994,afterhisrecoveryfromasevereheartattack,hemadea3.decision(decide)tomaketheancientChinesecharacters,Jiaguwen,availableonline.Fromthenon,SearsstartedprogrammingandbuildingadatabaseofJiaguwen.4.IttookhimsevenyearstoscanthecharactersinChineseancientbooks.In2002,theJiaguwenenthusiast'swebsite5.wascreated(create),thoughwithonlyafewpageviewsperdayinthebeginning.Itroseto600,000perdayin2011afterabloggerrecommendedthesite6.on/by/throughaChinesesocialmediaplatform.“Ibecamefamous7.instantly(instant)andwasgivenanickname‘UncleHanzi’，”Searssaidwithasmile.Uptillnow,thewebsitehasbeencontinuouslyupdated,8.whichgivesloversoftheancientlanguagefromallovertheworldfreeaccesstobrowsing(瀏覽)intheirfreetime.Atpresent,the70-year-oldAmericanhasmadehishomeinChina.Apartfrom9.taking(take)partinsomesocial10.activities(activity),SearsdevotesallhiseffortstothestudyofChinesecharacters.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了熱愛中國文化的美國人創(chuàng)建甲骨文網(wǎng)站的故事。1．考查形容詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)是形容詞，修飾名詞Chineseculture，作定語。所以填traditional。2．考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為非謂語動詞，和句子謂語went之間沒有連詞，且和其邏輯主語Sears構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作原因狀語。所以填A(yù)ttracted。3．考查名詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)為名詞，被冠詞a修飾。所以填decision。4．考查代詞。Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.“做某事花費某人多長時間”。是固定句型。所以填I(lǐng)t。5．考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作謂語，又與句子主語theJiaguwenenthusiast'swebsite構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故用被動結(jié)構(gòu)，即be＋done，且時間狀語是In2002，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)形式，又主語是第三人稱單數(shù)。所以填wascreated。6．考查介詞。根據(jù)語境可知，空處表示“通過”的含義。所以填on/by/through。7．考查副詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)為副詞形式作狀語。所以填instantly。8．考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)一個定語從句，且在從句中作主語，代指前面整個主句。所以填which。9．考查非謂語動詞。介詞后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語，故空處用動名詞形式作介詞短語Apartfrom的賓語。所以填taking。10．考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式。activity是可數(shù)名詞，且與空前的some呼應(yīng)，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。所以填activities。必修一Unit3TraveljournalⅠ.完形填空(2020·廣東省七校聯(lián)合體第一次聯(lián)考)G?ranKroppwasaSwedishadventurerandmountaineer.In1972,attheageofsix,withhisfather'shelp,he1.DGaldh?piggen,thehighest