《闌尾炎英文》課件

PPTcoursewareforappendicitisEnglishCONTENTSIntroductiontoappendicitisDiagnosisofappendicitisTreatmentofappendicitisPreventionandnumberingofappendicitisIntroductiontoappendicitis01Appendixtypologicallycausesseveralabnormalpains,oftenbeginninginthemiddleoftheabdomensandthenmovingtotherightlowerquadrantDefinition:AppendixisamedicalconditioninwhichtheappendixbenefitsaffectedandsweptduetoblockageofitslumensTheappendixisasmall,fingershapedorganizedconnectedtothelargeintentItislocatedontherightsideoftheabdomen,justbelowtheloweredgeoftheribcageDefinitionObstructionThemostcommoncauseofappendicitisisobstructionoftheappendixLumenbyaphysicalblockage,suchasafeveroramassofbacteriaanddebrisInfectionAppendixcanalsobecausedbyinfection,usuallyduetoabacterialinfectionoftheappendixThistypeofappendicitisislesscommonandtypicallyoccursinpatientswhoarealreadyhavingaweakenedimmunesystemOthercausesOtherrarecausesofappendicitisincludeforeignbodyinfection,appendicealverticality,andappendicealtuberEtiologyAbsolutepaint:ThemostcommonsymptomofappendicitisismultipleabnormalpaintthatstartedinthemiddleoftheabdomensandthenmovedtotherightlowerquadrantThepaintisoftendescribedassharpandintensiveSymptomNauseaandinvoicingarecommonsymbolsofappendicitis,specificallyinthelaterstagesofthediseaseAfferandchillsmayalsobepresentinappendicitis,particularlyifthereisabacterialinfectionLossofappearanceisanothercommonsymptomofappendicitisNauseaandinvoicingFeverandchillsLossofappearanceSymptomDiagnosisofappendicitis02Abdominaltenderness01Whenappendicitisoccurs,thereisasignificanttendernessinthelowerrightabdomen,whichisanimportantbasisfordiagnosingappendicitis.Bouncingpain02Whenthedoctorquicklyleavesthelowerrightabdomenafterpressingwiththeirfingers,thepatientfeelsintensifiedpain,whichisamanifestationofbouncingpain.Abdominalmuscletension03Duringappendicitis,theabdominalmusclesaretense,especiallyinthelowerrightabdomen.PhysicalexaminationDuringappendicitis,thewhitebloodcellcountusuallyincreases.WhitebloodcellcountC-reactiveproteinisanacutephasereactiveproteinthatiselevatedduringappendicitis.C-reactiveproteinlaboratoryexaminationUltrasoundexaminationUltrasoundexaminationcandisplaysignssuchasswellingoftheappendixandsurroundingabscess,whichhelpsdiagnoseappendicitis.CTexaminationCTexaminationcanmoreclearlydisplaytheshape,position,andsurroundingtissueoftheappendix,whichisveryhelpfulfordiagnosisanddifferentialdiagnosis.ImagingexaminationTreatmentofappendicitis03要點(diǎn)三AntibioticsAntibioticsareusedtotreatappendicitisbykillingthebacteriathatcausedtheinfectionTheyareusuallygivenintravenouslyinthehospitalandthenorallyathome要點(diǎn)一要點(diǎn)二PainreliefNonsteroidalantiinflammatorydrugs(NSAIDs)suchasibuprofenoracetaminophencanbeusedtorelievepainandfeverassociatedwithappendicitisFluidreplacementIfthereisariskofdehydration,internalfluidsmaybeadministeredtoreplacelostfluidsandelectrolytes要點(diǎn)三ConservativetreatmentVSTheremovaloftheappendixthroughaninchinthedomainThisisthemostcommontreatmentforappendicitisandcommonlyrequiresahospitalstayof1-2daysLaparoscopeappendixAlessinvasivesurgicaltechniquethatinvolvesmakingsmalldecisionsintheabdomensandremovingtheappendixusingLaparoscopeinstrumentsRecoveryisusuallyfasterwithlaparoscopicsurgeryAppendixSurgicaltreatmentAlternativemedicineSomepeoplemaychoosetousealternativetreatmentssuchasverbalremindersoracquisitionsforappendicitisHowever,thesetreatmentshavenotbeenproveneffectiveinrandomizedcontrolledtrialsSupportingcareIftheappendixfracturesandcausesperitonis(inflationoftheabnormallining),hostingandaggressivesupportingcareincludingIVantibiotics,painrelief,andfluidreplacementarerequiredOthertreatmentsPreventionandnumberingofappendicitis04Eatregularlyestablishgoodeatinghabits,eatregularly,andavoideatingtoomuchdeliciousandspicyfoodExerciseregularlyEngageinrateexercisetoimprovethefunctionoftheimmunesystemandreducetheriskofappendicitisPreventinfectionavoidclosecontactwithpeoplewhoareill,washhandsfrequently,andavoideatingrawfoodtopreventfoodpoisoningandappendicitisDrinkplentyofwatermaintainequalwaterintaketopreventconstipationandreducetheriskofappendicitisPreventionNursingRestaftersurgery,patientsneedtorestforaperiodoftimetopromoterecoveryMedicationTakesubscribedmedicineontimetorelievepain,preventinfection,andpromotewoundhealingDietseatsoftfoodaftersurgerytoavoidexcessivepressureandpainGraduallytransitiontoanormaldieasrecoveryprogressFollowupcareFollowthedoctor'sadviceforfollowingupcaretoensurecompleterecoveryMattersneedingattentionTimelytreatmentifsymptomsofappendicitisoccur,seekmedicalattentionprompttoavoidwordingsoftheconditionAvoidingselfdiagnosisdonotattackselftreatmentwithoutadoctor'sdiagnosis,asitmaydelaytreatmentandw