句子的種類：簡單句并列句復合句

句子的類型(simplesentence)并列句(compoundsentence)復合句(complexsentence)1簡單句只有一個限定動詞（即只有一個主謂結構），它是最小的句子單位。

Examples:Theboyhitthedog./Thedogbittheboy.2nounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ingV-edetc.主語謂語+賓語+賓語賓補表語賓語(間)+賓語(直)VtV-lViNoun/PronounThe+adjV-ing/ClauseInfinitiveNoun/Pronoun/The+adjV-ing/Clause/Infinitive英語句子基本成分示意圖be/feel/seem/lookappear/stand/liebecome/get/grow/turngo/come/remain/keeptaste/smelletc.nounpronounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ing/V-edclauseetc.3簡單句（六種句型）1、主語+謂語2、主語+系動詞+表語3、主語+謂語+賓語4、主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語（雙賓語）5、主語+謂語+賓語+賓補（復合賓語）

6、Therebe+主語+地點狀語Therainstopped.Wearestudents.TheylikeEnglish.Hegavemeabeautifulgift=Hegaveabeautifulgifttome.Wemustkeeptheclassroomclean...Thereisabook,apenandsomepencilsonthedesk.Therearetwochairs,adeskandabedinmyroom.4請說出下列句子類型。1.Summeriscoming.2.Theywon’tletmego.3.HeshowedmeanewTVset.4.Sheknowswhattodo.5.Theweatherisverycold.主語+謂語主語+系動詞+表語主語+謂語+賓語主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語（雙賓語）主語+謂語+賓語+賓補（復合賓語）

5Exercise:你應當努力學習。這個盒子重五公斤。我的堂妹正在做數(shù)學作業(yè)。王叔叔給他的兒子買了一本英漢字典。他們不允許人們在候客室抽煙.我們學校有一個公共游泳池6你應當努力學習。

這個盒子重五公斤。我的堂妹正在做數(shù)學作業(yè)。王叔叔給他的兒子買了一本英漢字典。

他們不允許人們在候客室抽煙.我們學校有一個公共游泳池Youshouldstudyhard.Thisboxweighsfivekilos.

Mycousinisdoingmathsexercises.

UncleWangboughthissonanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Theydon'tallowpeopletosmokeinthewaitingroom.Thereisapublicswimmingpoolinourschool.7簡單句的基本成分的修飾語:

定語：即用來修飾句子的主語、賓語(名詞或代詞)的單詞、短語或從句

狀語：即用來修飾句子的謂語(及物動詞、不及物動詞或短語）或整個句子的成分（單詞、短語或從句）。簡單句的擴展成份/

簡單句的主語、賓語(名詞或代詞)可以加上一個短語（如定語）來擴展，謂語(及物動詞、不及物動詞或短語）也可以與其它短語（如狀語）連用進行擴展。附屬成分8定語

Johnwenttowardsahospitalslowly

.Johnoftencametochatwithme．3.Hearingthenews,hejumpedwithjoy.4.Ashewasill,

hedidn’tcometoclassyesterday.

Poor

Johnwenttowardsahospitalnearby．Haveyouseenthebookonthedesk?Theboyplayingoverthereismybrother.Peoplethat/whowanttobehealthylikesports.狀語9定語ShelikesgreenapplesimportedfromtheUSA.JohngaveMary

manybooks，whicharefullofpictures

.狀語Johnlikesorangesverymuch．Sheissittingatthedesk,doingherhomework.Myfatherworkedinthisschool

tenyearsago.Wheneverhegetsdrunk，JohnmakesMaryveryangry．back10并列句需把幾個意思連接在一起時，可用分號;把兩個或幾個簡單句用并列連詞連接起來，則構成一個并列句。用分號：Wefishedallday;wedidn’tcatchathing.用分號，后跟一個連接副詞：Wefishedallday;however,wedidn’tcatchathing.用并列連詞（如and、but、so、yet等）Wefishedallday,but(we)didn’tcatchathing.11并列句1、HeisateacherbutIamadoctor.2.Hurryup,oryouwillbelate.3.Eitheryouaremadorheis.4.Notonlyisheanactorbutalsoheisadirector.5.Neitheraretheyfarmersnortheyareworkers.6.Theyfirstworkedasdoctorsandlatertheyworkedaswriters.7.Iwasdoinghouseworkwhilehewasplayingchess.12兩個簡單句的主語可以由連詞and、but、both..and、either…or、neither…nor、notonly…butalso等連詞連接組成一個簡單句，但應注意主語和謂語動詞的一致性。ThebossisflyingtoParis.HissecretaryisflyingtoParis.

Theboss

and

hissecretary

areflying

toParis.

Both

theboss

and

hissecretary

areflying

toParis.ThebossisflyingtoRome.HissecretaryisnotflyingtoRome.

Theboss

butnot

hissecretary

isflying

toRome.ThebossmaybeflyingtoBerlin.HissecretarymaybeflyingtoBerlin.

Either

theboss

or

hissecretary

isflyingto

Berlin.ThebossisnotflyingtoYork.Hissecretaryisn’tflyingtoYork.Neither

theboss

nor

hissecretary

isflying

toYork.主語、謂語、賓語的合并13兩個簡單句的賓語可由and、both…and等連詞連接組成一個簡單句。ImetJane.Imetherhusband.

ImetJaneandherhusband. ImetbothJaneandherhusband.Itwascold.Itwaswet.

Itwascoldandwet.Ididn’tmeetJane.Ididn’tmeetherhusband.

Ididn’tmeeteitherJaneorherhusband. ImetneitherJanenor

herhusband.兩個或兩個以上限定動詞也可合并為一個簡單句。Wesangallnight.Wedancedallnight.

Wesanganddancedallnight.主語、謂語、賓語的合并14并列句并列句的詞序：并列句基本上保留了簡單句的詞序。主語 謂語

賓語連詞主語動詞

表語Jimmyfelloff

hisbike

but(he)wasn’thurt.五種簡單句型可用并列連詞連接起來組成并列句。

主謂狀（方式）連主謂表Frankworkedhardand(he)becameanarchitect.主謂賓連主謂地點I’vegotacold,soI’mgoingtobed.

主謂賓賓補連主謂賓Theymadehimchairman,but(they)didn’tincreasehissalary.15并列句常用并列連詞

coordinatingconjunctions平行并列連詞:

轉折并列連詞：因果并列連詞:

選擇并列連詞:and,both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…norbut,however,while,yet,for,so,therefore,thus,or,either…or,16Exercise(Homework):

請用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個并列句。1.Hewastired.Hewenttobed.

2.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt.Hewasafraidofthedog.3.Hemadeapromise.Hedidn’tkeepit.4.Maryisopeningthedoor.Johnisgreetingherguests.5.Ilikevolleyball.Mybrotherlikesbasketball.17Exercise(Homework):請用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個并列句。Hewastired,sohewenttobed.1.Hewastired.Hewenttobed.

2.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt.Hewasafraidofthedog.3.Hemadeapromise.Hedidn’tkeepit.Hemadeapromise,butHedidn’tkeepit.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt,forhewasafraidofthedog.184.Maryisopeningthedoor.Johnisgreetingherguests.Maryisopeningthedoor,andJohnisgreetingherguests.5.Ilikevolleyball.Mybrotherlikesbasketball.Ilikevolleyball,whilemybrotherlikesbasketball.back19Homework:

請用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個并列句。

1.Hewastired.Hewenttobed.

2.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt.Hewasafraidofthedog.3.Hemadeapromise.Hedidn’tkeepit.4.Maryisopeningthedoor.Johnisgreetingherguests.5.Ilikevolleyball.Mybrotherlikesbasketball.20

復合句是在簡單句的基礎上，通過從屬連詞將兩個或兩個以上簡單句連接在一起而構成。從屬連詞所引導的句子因在主句中充當主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等成分（相當于起名詞、形容詞、副詞等的作用），就分別被稱之為：1.主語從句2.賓語從句3.表語從句4.定語從句5.狀語從句6.同位語從句英文寫作中最常使用的從句賓語從句狀語從句定語從句21復合句:主句+從句主句是一個完整的句子(independentsentence),它可以獨立存在。從句是一個不完整的句子,它必須和一個主句連用，不能獨立存在.復合句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句從句主句22Bythetimehearrived,1wehadalreadyleft.2請指出該復合句的主句和從句部分。從句主句23練習:請分別指出下列句子的主句和從句：1、Heisamanwhoiseasytoworkwith.2.Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcometomorrow.3.WhenIsawhim,hewaswashingclothes.4.Thathecamemadeushappy.5.Thenewsthathewonthefirstistrue.6.Thequestioniswhereweshouldgotomorrow.復合句24復合句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句=主句+從句Hetoldme

thenews.that

thematchhadbeencancelled.賓語howmuch

hewaspreparedtopayformycar.thatIcouldhavethemoneywithoutdelay.howmuchhewaspreparedtopayformycarand

thatIcouldhavethemoneywithoutdelay.when

hewasleavingforParis.賓語從句25Idon’tknowhim.whoheis.thathehasfinishedhiswork.whetherhehasfinishedhiswork.賓語從句HeisleavingforWashington.thatheisleavingforWashington.whenheisleavingforWashington.whyheisleavingforWashington.howheisleavingforWashington.whetherheisleavingforWashington.復合句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句=主句+從句26thepeople

surprisedThatWhathesaidwhathedid主語Thathedidn’tknowtheanswerintheroom.定語whoweresittingintheroom.whowerepresent.whosesonswereatschool.whohadsignedthecontract.復合句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句=主句+從句27That

isthefact.表語whatheneeds.whathegaveme.whyhewaslate.becausehewasill.whathashappened.復合句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句=主句+從句28Heworked

inthatfactorythreeyearsago.地點狀語時間狀語wherehisfatherworkedinthatfactorywhereIlivedwhenhelivedthereHisfatheralsoworkedthere.Ilivedthere.Helivedtherethreeyearsago.復合句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句=主句+從句29Putthebook

onthedesk.whereyoutookit.whereitwas.地點狀語where

youfoundit.Youcan’tcamphere.wheretherearealotoftrees.whereveryoulike.exercises復合句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句=主句+從句30指出下列各從句的類型Ibelievethateverythingisgoingonwell.ShewasreadinganovelwhenIcamein.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestinmyclass.賓語從句狀語從句定語從句Practice復合句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句=主句+從句31Homework:

1.用所給連詞連接句子。

1.Hehasfoundout.Shewaslate.(why)2.Istillremembertheday.IfirstwenttoNewYorkonthatday.(when)Next322.將各組句子連接為一個含有

狀語從句的復合句。1.Hedidn’tcomeyesterday.Hewasill.(原因)I’llgivethelettertohim.Iseehim.（時間）Itissuchabigbox.Nobodycanmoveit.（結果）We’llgotothegreatwall.It’sfinetomorrow.(條件)Weshouldnotgothereallthetime.Theplaceisquitepleasant.(讓步）33連接句子。Hehasfoundout.Shewaslate.(why)Hehasfoundoutwhyshewaslate.Istillremembertheday.IfirstwenttoYorkonthatday.IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstwenttoYork.將各組句子連接為一個含有狀語從句的復合句。PracticeHedidn’tcomeyesterday.Hewasill.Hedidn’tcomeyesterdaybecausehewasill.34I’llgivethelettertohim.Iseehim.Itissuchabigbox.Nobodycanmoveit.We’llgotothegreatwall.It’sfinetomorrow.Weshouldnotgothereallthetime.Theplaceisquitepleasant.(讓步）Itissuchabigboxthatnobodycanmoveit.We’llgotothegreatwallifit’sfinetomorrow.Althoughtheplaceisquitepleasant,weshouldnotgothereallthetime.I’llgivethelettertohimwhenIseehim.I’llgivethelettertohimassoonasIseehim.I’llgivethelettertohimthemomentIseehim.back35由一個主句和一個或者一個以上從句所構成的句子。在英語書面語中應用廣泛。主句是一個完整的句子,它可以獨立存在。從句是一個不完整的句子,它必須和一個主句連用，不能獨立存在。復合句可以通過把兩個以上簡單句連接在一起構成,但復合句的各組成部份并非同等重要，其中一個句子由從屬連詞引導（從句），用以修飾另一句子（主句）。

復合句小結復合句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句

=主句+從句36Iambusy.IambusywashingbutmyhusbandisplayingMajiangwiththem.AlthoughIambusywashing,myhusbandisplayingMajiangwiththem.簡單句復合句并列句說出下面的句子是簡單句、并列句、還是復合句371.澳門是一座小城市，它坐落在廣東以南。2.我們一大早就出發(fā)了.3.雖然天要下雨,他還是拒絕帶傘.4.我最喜歡英語和計算機并且我很擅長.5.我們所有的人干得都很賣力,我們的衣服被汗水濕透了.用適當?shù)木涫椒g下列句子:381.Macaoisasmallcity,whichliestothesouthofGuangdong.2.Earlyinthemorningwesetout.3.Herefusedtotakehisumbrellawithhimthoughitwasbeginningtorain.4.IlikeEnglishandcomputer