山東省濟南市2023-2024學年高三上學期1月期末學習質量檢測英語試題（原卷版）

第9頁/共9頁絕密★啟用并使用完畢前濟南市2023-2024學年高三上學期期末學習質量檢測英語試題本試卷共10頁。滿分120分?？荚囉脮r100分鐘。注意事項：1.答題前,考生先將自己的姓名、準考證號碼填寫清楚,將條形碼準確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫,字體工整、筆跡清楚。3.請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內作答,超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效;在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。4.保持卡面清潔,不要折疊,不要弄破、弄皺,不準使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AArecentlandingonthemoonhasawakenedorrenewedpeople’senthusiasmforthestarsandspaceexploration.Herearefourtripideastoinspirethosewould-beastronautsandastronomers.KennedySpaceCenterAmericaTheNASA-operatedKennedySpaceCenterisamustforambitiousastronautsandspace-loversHands-onexperiencesrangefromlivepresentationsdeliveredbyastronautstothenewAstronautTrainingExperienceCenter.Childrenaged10to17canexperiencespacewalkingandexploringMars.NorthYorkMoors,EnglandAsanInternationalDarkSkyReserveintheworld,thislovelypartofYorkshire,EnglandishosttotheUK’sfamily-friendlyNationalParksDarkSkiesfestival.WelltimedtothelatterpartofautumnhalfterminEngland,thefestivalincludesbat-boxmaking,eveningswithwinterbirdsandmoonlitcoastalwalks.PicduMidi,FranceTherearefewobservatorieswhereyoucanobservestarsbeforeretiringtoacomfortablecabinandwatchthesunrise.GettingtothePicduMidiObservatoryisalsoanadventurebyitself,involvingarideontwocable-carsuptoa2,877-meter-highmountain.TheguidedastronomysessionshelpkidsdiscoverSaturn(土星)anditsringsviapowerfultelescopes.MountTeide,SpainHometothelargestsolarobservatoryintheworld,itsitsonSpain’shighestmountain.Ridethecable-carupforascientist-ledtour,whichincludesthechancetoobservetheSunthroughhand-heldsolartelescopes.Thespecialfamilytourincludesanattractive90-minuteworkshopexploringhowobservatoryphysicistscarryouttheirresearch.1.Whichtripsuitstheteenagersexpectingaface-to-facecontactwithastronauts?A.KennedySpaceCenter. B.NorthYorkMoors.C.MountTeide. D.PicduMidi.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoonatriptoYorkshire?A.Attendlivepresentations. B.ObservetheringsofSaturn.C.Enjoytheseaviewatnight. D.Learnaboutphysicists’work.3.WhatdoPicduMidiandMountTeidehaveincommon?A.Theyaccommodatefamilytourists.B.Theyincludeatourledbyscientists.C.Theyofferfreehand-heldtelescopes.D.Theyarelocatedonhighmountains.BArisingstarfromVirginiahassecuredthetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”forhisgroundbreakingcreation—abarofsoapdesignedtobattleagainstskincancer.Atjust14yearsold,HemanBekeleemergedasthevictorofthe2023YoungScientistChallenge,standingoutamongthetenfinalistswithhisinnovativecreationknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap(SCTS).Bekele’sbrilliantconceptcentersonthedevelopmentofasoapthatisnotonlyaffordable,butalsohasthepotentialtoreactivatethebody’snaturaldefendersoftheskintostopskincancer.InBekele’sownwords,“Curingcancer,onebarofsoapatatime.”Healwayshasendlesspassionforbiologyandtechnology,andtheYoungScientistChallengejustprovidedhimwiththeperfectplatformtodisplayhisideas.Reflectingonhisinspiration,Bekelesharedthathischildhoodplayedasignificantroleinshapinghisinnovativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyunderthesun,hecouldn’thelpbutwonderhowmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithconstantsunexposure.“Iwantedtomakemyideanotonlyscientificallyexceptionalbutalsoaccessibletoabroadaudience,”Bekeleexpressedduringaninterviewwiththemedia.HereceivedinvaluableguidancefromDeborahIsabelle,aproductengineeringspecialist,whoconnectedhimwithotherscientiststoaidhiminreachinghisambitiousplans.Duringhispresentation,Bekelepassionatelyexpressedhisvisionofturningthesoapinto“asymbolofhope,accessibility,andaworldwhereskincancertreatmentiswithinreachforall.”O(jiān)verthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanonprofitorganizationdevotedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtomoreplacesincludingundevelopedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.4.WhatmadeBekeleaninstanthit?A.Startingasoapfashion. B.Overcomingskincancer.C.Beingtheyoungestscientist. D.Creatingasoapagainstskincancer.5.WhatinspiredBekeletoinventSCTS?A.Hisconcernforothers. B.Hisadventureinchildhood.C.Hisenthusiasmfortechnology. D.Hisinterestinmedicalknowledge.6.WhatwillBekeledointhenearfuture?A.Obtainofficialapproval. B.Visitundevelopedareas.C.Increasetheavailabilityofthesoap. D.Updatethefacilitiesofproduction.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBekele?A.Inspiringandmodest. B.Humorousandpositive.CCreativeandconsiderate. D.Curiousandindependent.CIntheanimalworld,speedisking.Fastanimalshavealegupinoutrunningotheranimals,whichputsthemhighonthefoodchain.Itwouldseemthatallanimalswouldgoforspeed,butthenthere’sthesloth(樹懶).Whilealioncangofrom0to60milesanhourinonlyfiveseconds,ittakesaslothalldaytocovernomorethan50meters.Slothsliveentirelyintreesonadietofleaves.Andforthis,theyareextremelyrare.Whilemostofthelandworldiscoveredintrees,thereareveryfewvertebrates(脊椎動物)thatcallthetreehome.Theaimofa2016study,saysJonathanPauli,aUniversityofAlabamaprofessorofforestandwildlifeecology,wastohelpuncoverwhyslothsareindeedsounique.“Amongvertebrates,thisistherarestoflifestyles”,saysPauli.“Whenyoupictureanimalsthatliveoffplantleaves,theyarealmostallbig-thingslikedeer.What’ssuperinterestingaboutslothsisthattheycan’tbebig.”Fortheirresearch,PauliandhisWisconsinteamstudiedwildslothsatafieldsite.Whentheresearchersmeasuredtheenergyuseofsloths,theyfoundawildlylowburningofaslittleas110caloriesofenergyaday.Andforthis,theytakethecake:itisthelowestmeasuredenergeticoutputforanymammal(哺乳動物).“Themeasurementwasintendedtofindoutwhatitcostslothstoliveoveraday,”saysPauli,whoaddsthatadietoflittlebutleaveslacksnutritionalvalueandtheanimal’ssmallsizedoesn’tallowforovereating-soslothsneedtofindwaystomakethemostoftheirdiets,whichmeansusingtinyamountsofenergy,dramaticcontrolofbodytemperatureandlivingatanextremelyslowpace.Theirreward?Awonderfullywidespreadecologicalsystemtocalltheirown,oneslowinchatatime.8.WhyisalionmentionedinParagraph1?A.Toadmirelions’speed. B.Tostatesloths’weakness.C.Toconfirmlions’leadposition. D.Tohighlightsloths’uniqueness.9.Whatisthe2016studymainlyabout?A.Thelifestyleofsloths. B.Thedietofvertebrates.C.Thespeciesofrareanimals. D.Theenergyuseofcreatures.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“takethecake”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Breakdown. B.Keepon. C.Standout. D.Growup.11.WhatcanbeinferredaboutslothsfromPauli’swords?A.Theirslowpaceisabalancedchoice.B.Theyareinfaceofpossibleextinction.C.Theirslowpacedecidesatinyappetite.D.Theysufferalotagainstnaturalenemies.DFromthedaywe’reborn,curiositybecomesaprimarydrivingforcethatmotivatesustoexploreunknownideasandterritoriesinsearchofanswersandstimulations.Humanbeingshaveaninborndesiretoclosethe“curiositygap”everyday.Arecentstudyfoundthatcuriositycanbeahighlyeffectivewaytoleadpeopletomakesmarterandhealthierlifestylechoices.EvanPolman,assistantprofessorofmarketingattheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,said,“Ourresearchshowsthatfuelingpeople’scuriositycaninfluencetheirchoicesbyturningthemawayfrominvitingdesires,likeunhealthyfoodsortakingtheelevator,andtowardlessinvitingbuthealthieroptions,suchasbuyingmorefreshproduceortakingthestairs.”Toprovethepositivepotentialofthecuriositygap,Polmanandhisteamconductedaseriesofexperimentsdesignedtotesthowcuriosityaffectedthechoicespeoplemadepositively.Ineachstudy,arousingcuriosityresultedinnoticeablebehaviorchange.Forexample,inoneoftheexperiments,Polmanincreasedthenumberofparticipantswhochosetowatchavideoofacademicnaturebypromisingthattheywouldrevealthesecretbehindamagictrickattheendofthevideo.TheresultsofthefieldstudiesoncuriositywereparticularlyconvincingtoPolman.Inonefieldstudy,theresearcherscreateda10percentincreaseintheuseofstairsinauniversitybuildingbypostingtrivial(瑣事)questionsneartheelevatorsandpostingtheanswersinthestairwell.Inanother,theyincreasedthepurchaseoffreshproducebyplacingajokeonthepostersdescribingthefruitorvegetable.Polmanwassurprisedbythedegreethattakingadvantageofthecuriositygapcouldmotivatepeopletoautomaticallymakehealthierlifestylechoices.Heconcluded,“Ourresultssuggestthatusinginterventionsbasedoncuriositygapshasthepotentialtoincreaseparticipationindesiredbehaviorsforwhichpeopleoftenlackmotivation.Italsoprovidesnewevidencethatcuriosity-basedinterventionscomeatanincrediblysmallcostandcouldhelppushpeopletowardavarietyofpositiveactions.”12.Whatdidarecentstudyfindaboutcuriosity?A.Itfuelspeople’sdesires. B.Itlowerspeople’sbuying.C.Itbenefitspeople’shealth. D.Itdeterminespeople’slives.13.WhatarethoseexperimentsbyPolman’steamaimedat?A.Supportingafinding. B.Raisingaresearchtopic.C.Arousingscientists’interest. D.Displayingnegativeevidence.14.WhatisPolman’sattitudetotheresultsoffieldstudies?A.Doubtful. B.Unclear. C.Approving. D.Dismissive.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Howtostaycurious B.ThemagicofcuriosityC.Howtomakehealthchoices D.Thetwosidesofcuriositygap第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內容,從短文后的選項中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thebrainisoftenseenasthemostimportantorganofushumans.Itcontrolsourthoughts,emotions,memoriesandevenourmovements.However,whatmanypeopleoftenforgetisthatthebrainandthebodyarecloselyconnected.____16____Studieshaveshownthatregularexercisecansignificantlyimprovecognitivefunctionssuchasmemory,attentionandproblem-solvingabilities.____17____Howdoesthishappen?Well,theanswerliesinthewayexerciseaffectsthebrain.Exerciseincreasestheproductionofproteinsthatpromotethegrowthandsurvivalofneurons(神經(jīng)元),thusensuringbetterbrainfunctions.Moreover,exercisehasapositiveimpactonmoodandmentalwell-being.Ithelpsreleasesomenaturalmoodboostersthatmakeusfeelmorepositiveandhappy.____18____Asfortheexercisevarieties,it’snotjustaboutaerobic(有氧的)exerciseslikerunningorcycling.____19____Itimprovesconcentrationanddecision-makingabilitiesbyenhancingtheconnectivitybetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.____20____Exerciseisn’tjustaboutkeepingfitorlosingweight;it’saboutimprovingcognitivefunctions,boostingmoodandevenhelpingusthinkmorecreatively.So,thenexttimeyoufeellazyorunmotivatedtoexercise,rememberthateverystepyoutakeisonestepclosertoahealthier,happierandmoreintelligentyou.A.Itevenstrengthenscreativity.B.Actuallythebodydeeplyaffectsthebrain.C.Thebrainalsohasgreatimpactsonexercise.DAnexerciseloverisunlikelytosufferdepression.E.Walkingandjoggingdogoodtomentalfunctionstoo.F.Strengthtraininghasalsobeenshowntobenefitthebrain.G.Thelinksbetweenthebrainandthebodycannotbeoverstated.第二部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項,Atwo-year-oldgirlinNewberryCountyhadlastbeenseenatabout3:00p.m.,butshewasmissinglaterintheday.Thesituationtooka____21____turnaround6:00p.m.whenahunterintheareaheardthecriesofthemissingchild.Reactingimmediately,thehunter____22____anemergencycalltellingauthoritiesthechild’slocation.Theoperators____23____immediately,applyingadvancedmappingtechnologytolocatetheposition.Thiscrucialinformationwasthen____24____senttoaSouthCarolinaLawEnforcementDivision(SLED)andthecounty’sfirst____25____.Withthelocationdatainhand,asearchteamwasquickly____26____tothewoodedarea.Thetirelesseffortsoftheserescueworkersultimately____27____aheartwarmingreunion.Themissingtwo-year-oldwasfoundintheforest,safeandsoundexceptsomeslightinjuries.Despiteher___28___experience,shewasfoundtobeinsurprisinglygood___29___,exceptherunderstandabletiredness,thirstandfear.The____30____rescuewastheresultofthe___31___betweendifferentdepartmentsandthecommunityasawhole.TheNewberryCountySheriff’sOfficeexpressedtheir___32___fortheeffortsofeveryoneinvolved,includingcitizens,andthose___33___theirthoughtsandprayersduringthesearch.Andtheyshowedtheirreliefatthe___34___ofthelittlegirlinthecareoffamily.Theirheroicactionswillbe___35___asaheartwarmingsuccessstoryinNewberryCountyforyearstocome.21.A.disappointing B.hopeful C.reasonable D.challenging22A.placed B.received C.missed D.answered23.A.appeared B.escaped C.acted D.arrived24.A.optionally B.carefully C.entirely D.rapidly25.A.discoverers B.rescuers C.operators D.survivors26.A.adapting B.returning C.heading D.pointing27.A.paidfor B.setup C.tookon D.ledto28.A.frightening B.regretful C.annoying D.shameful29.A.shape B.mind C.order D.faith30.A.risky B.remarkable C.traditional D.joyful31.A.respect B.cooperation C.balance D.discussion32.A.blessing B.kindness C.concern D.gratitude33.A.offering B.praising C.advocating D.assessing34.A.performance B.virtue C.recovery D.courage35.A.edited B.perfected C.performed D.celebrated第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。GrandCanalisoneofthegreatengineeringwondersbuiltbyancientChinese.“Itbearswitness____36____aremarkableandearlydevelopmentofhydraulic(水利的)engineering,”theUNESCOwebsitestates.Inancienttimes,theGrandCanal____37____(serve)asthemainchannelforgraintransportandeverykindofeconomicandculturalexchange.Italsofacilitatedthetime-consumingjourneysoflaborersandmaterialsforthe____38____(construct)oftheForbiddenCityinBeijing,thecapitalcityoftheYuan,MingandQingDynasties.GrandCanalhadinspiredthenameofChenchen,oneofthethreemascots(吉祥物)ofthe19thAsianGamesHangzhou.Chenchen,comingfromtheGongchenBridge,____39____stretchesovertheHangzhousectionoftheGrandCanal,wascoloredblue____40____(represent)scienceandtechnology.TheHangzhousectionofthecanalcovers____41____totallengthof39kilometers,whichishometo11ofthecanal’stotal58historical____42____(site).ItentersthecityfromTangqiancienttowninYuhangDistrict,travelsthroughGongshuandShangchengDistricts,____43____finallyflowsintotheQiantangRiverfromtheThreeGorgesShipLock.Visitors____44____(recommend)totakeaboattripontheancientwaterwaytoenjoysomeof____45____(it)incomparablesceneryaswellastheamazinglandscapeofJiangnanwatertown.第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，昨天你校組織全體師生進行了一次消防演練活動。請為校英文報寫一篇新聞報道，內容包括：1.演練經(jīng)過；2.活動反響。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。AFirefightingDrill____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。Atthebeginningofthisyear,mydaughterHelenspentamonthinthehospitalfightingforherlife.Sincethen,shehashadtodealwiththediseaseaswellasmanysideeffects.Shehasmeteachchallenge,disappointmentandsetbackwithcourage.Withher16thbirthdayapproaching,Helendreamtofapartyandcampfireatthebeachwithfriends,relatives,andherbeloveddog,Ginger.Ittookawhile,butIfinallyfoundagoodbeachthatalloweddogsandcampfiresandhadeasyaccess.However,aweekbeforeherparty,Helen’sdiseaseworsened.OurfriendIancalledthenightbeforethepartyandturnedourplansupsidedown.Thesmallbeachwe’dselectedandthesurroundingbeacheswouldhosta30,000-personeventonthepartynightandwouldbeclosed.Itwasadisasterbecausewe