新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語3第二單元課后答案

./Unit2ChildhoodMemoriesActivereading<1>Readingandunderstanding3Answerthequestions.1WhatwereSylviaPlath’smostimportantmemories?Sherememberedwinningaprize,PaulaBrown’snewsuitandtheviewfromherwindow.2Wheredidsheliveandwhatcouldsheseefromherbedroomwindow?Shelivedonthebaysideoftown,onJohnsonAvenue,andshecouldseethelightsofBostonandLoganAirportfromherbedroomwindow.3Whatdidtheviewmakeherwanttodo?Itmadeherwanttoflyinherdreams.4Whydidshehavesuchvividdreams?Becauseshewasrarelytiredwhenshewenttobed.5Whoappearedinherdreams?Supermanappearedandtaughthertofly.6WhydidsheenjoytheradioadventuresofSuperman?Becauseshelovedthesheerpoetryofflight.7WheredidherfriendandsheplaySuperman?Atthedingybackentrancetotheschool,analcoveinalongpassageway.8WhydoyouthinktheychoseSheldontobethevillain?Becausehewasamamma’sboyandwasleftoutoftheotherboys’games.9HowdidshefeelaboutherUncleFrank?SheadmiredhimasshethoughtheboreanextraodinaryresemblancetoSupermanincognito.4Choosethebestsummaryofthepassage.3SylviaPlathwroteaboutherrealandimaginarylifeasachild.Dealingwithunfamiliarwords5Matchthewordsintheboxwiththeirdefinitions.1accurateandtrue<definite>2continuingallthetime<perpetual>3tospinquicklyincircles<whirl>4toshineverybrightly<blaze>5tolaughinanervous,excitedorsillywaythatisdifficulttocontrol<giggle>6toencouragesomeonetospeakorcontinuespeaking<prompt>7tofalltotheground<tumble>6CompletetheparagraphwiththecorrectformofthewordsinActivity5.Plathneverneededtobe<1>promptedtotalkaboutherchildhoodmemories.Theywerevery<2>definiteandstillrealtoherasanadult.Sheimaginedshecouldflyand<3>whirlthroughtheairlikeSuperman.ComingfromthehighwaysaroundBostonwasthe<4>perpetualsoundoftraffic.Inthedistanceaplanewastakingoff,itslights<5>blazingintothenightsky.Sherememberedthesoundof<6>gigglingwhichcamefromthegroupofgirls.SadlyinherlaterlifeitseemedasifSupermanhad<7>tumbledtoearth.7Replacetheunderlinedwordswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.1Thelightsattheairportwentonandoffalldayandnight.<blinked>2Theplaygroundwaslikeadesert.Itwaswithoutanyinterestingorpositivefeaturesandunfriendly.<barren>3Theboyswereplayingachildren’sgameinwhichtheplayerschaseandtrytotoucheachotherandthegirlsweregossipingandgiggling.<tag>4Pullingthelegsoffinsectsisaformofactioncausingextremephysicalpainbysomeoneasapunishment,andisextremelycruel.<torture>5Thesimilarityinappearancebetweenthetwinswasstriking.<resemblance>6Hewouldcovercandywithapieceofclothusedforcleaninglipsandhands,andmakeitdisappear.<napkin>8Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressions.1Ifyoulookthroughakaleidoscope,areyoulikelytosee<a>changingcolouredpatterns,or<b>asinglecolouredpattern?2Ifyouflauntsomething,doyou<a>deliberatelytrytomakepeoplenotice,or<b>trytohideit?3Ifyoumarvelatsomething,doyoufindit<a>boring,or<b>surprisingandfascinating?4Areshootingstarslikelyto<a>movebrightlythroughthenightsky,or<b>standstill?5Isthetwilightlikelytobe<a>attheendof,or<b>inthemiddleoftheday?6Ifyoudriftofftosleep,areyoulikelytofallasleep<a>quickly,or<b>slowly?7Ifsomeoneisbookish,aretheylikelytobe<a>more,or<b>lessinterestedinreadingbooksthandoingotheractivities?8Ifyoumakeupsomething,doyou<a>inventit,or<b>borrowitfromsomeoneelse?9Ifyoucomeintoyourown,areyoulikelytoshow<a>howeffectiveanduseful,or<b>ineffectiveanduselessyoucanbe?10Isavillainlikelytobea<a>good,or<b>badperson?11Ifyouareleftoutofsomething,areyoulikelytobe<a>included,or<b>excluded?Activereading<2>Readingandunderstanding4Choosethebestwaytocompletethesentences.1Thecharacteristicsofchildhoodahundredyearsago<d>.<a>wouldhaveinterferedintheireducation<b>aresimilartothoseoftoday<c>wouldbeillegaltoday<d>meantthatchildrenweretreatedmorelikeadults2Theideathatchildhoodisasocialconstructionsuggeststhat<a>.<a>childrenexperiencechildhoodindifferentwaysaccordingtothesocietyinwhichtheylive<b>enormoustransformationshavetakenplacewithinarelativelyshorttime<c>childreninthepastworkedharder<d>allchildrenaredifferentfromadults3BothInuitandTonganparentsunderstandthat<b>.<a>theirchildrenneedtobetreatedinawaywhichwouldbeconsideredharshbyoutsiders<b>theirchildrendon’tyetpossesscertainprizedqualities,suchasreasoningandsocialcompetence<c>growingupisaprocessofacquiringthought,notsocialskills<d>bringinguptheirchildrenrequirestoleranceanddiscipline4ParentsofBengchildrentreatthemwithgreatcarebecausethey<d>.<a>thinkchildrenknowallhumanlanguagesandunderstandallcultures<b>thinklifeintheearthlyworldisunpleasant<c>believethechildrenstillliveinaspiritworld<d>fearthechildrenmaychoosetoreturntothespiritworldwheretheylivedbeforetheywereborn5Westernchildcarepractices<c>.<a>includeallowingeight-year-oldgirlstoworkand12-year-oldgirlstomarry<b>treatthechildinabizarreandpossiblyharmfulway<c>seethechildasbeingincompetent,dependentontheparents,andincapableoflookingafterotherchildren<d>areonlysimilartoYanamam?childcarepracticesinthatgirlshelpoutathome,andboysareallowedtoplaywellintotheirteens6Themainideaofthepassageisthat<c>.<a>historyshowsushowourperceptionofchildhoodhaschanged<b>childhoodisviewedindifferentwaysaccordingtothechild’sculturalandsocialupbringing<c>bothhistoryandsocietycanaffectourperceptionofchildhood<d>WesternnotionsofchildhoodareoutdatedandnotinformedDealingwithunfamiliarwords5Readthepassageagainandfindthewordsinthebox.Choosethebestdefinitioninthecontextofthepassage.1consumption<a>theprocessofbuyingorusinggoods<b>theprocessofeating,drinking,orsmokingsomething2colonial<a>relatingtoasystemorperiodinwhichonecountryrulesanother<b>madeinastylethatwascommoninNorthAmericainthe18thcentury3knit<a>tomakesomethingsuchasapieceofclothingusingwoolandstickscalledknittingneedles<b>tojointogetherorworktogetherasonegrouporunit4harsh<a>unpleasantanddifficulttolivein<b>strict,unkind,andoftenunfair5contact<a>communicationbetweenpeople,countries,ororganizationseitherbytalkingorwriting<b>asituationinwhichpeopleorthingstoucheachother6impose<a>toforcesomeonetohavethesameopinion,beliefasyou<b>tocauseextraworkforsomeonebyaskingthemtodosomethingthatmaynotbeconvenientforthem7perspective<a>awayofthinkingaboutsomething<b>asensiblewayofjudginghowgood,bad,importantetcsomethingisincomparisonwithotherthings6Replacetheunderlinedwordswiththecorrectformofthewordsandexpressionsinthebox.Our<1>knowledgeandunderstandingofchildhoodisundergoingaprocessof<2>nonstopchange.IntheWestweseechildrenasbeing<3>inneedofadultcontrol.However,amongother<4>socio-culturalgroupswithsimilartraditionschildrenare<5>mainlyconsideredtobecapableofassuminggreaterresponsibilities.Sothereisa<6>strongdesirefor<7>someonewhodoesnotbelongtothisgrouptothinkthatsuchpracticesmightbeoddorevenharmful.Butwhilemostethnicgroupsmayatfirstshow<8>hesitationaboutintegratingothertraditionsandcustomswiththeirown,<9>outsidepressuresusuallymakethemchangetheirtraditionalviewofchildhood.Key:<1>notion<2>continual<3>dependenton<4>ethnic<5>largely<6>temptation<7>anoutsider<8>reluctance<9>external7Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressions.1Isprosecutionlikelytobe<a>theactofaccusingsomeoneofacrime,or<b>theprocessofsupervisionbythesocialservices?2Isintricatelikelytobe<a>verybasic,or<b>verydetailedindesign?3Isleniencylikelytoinvolve<a>kindnessandunderstanding,or<b>strictdiscipline?4Ifsomeonetellsyouoff,arethey<a>criticizing,or<b>praisingyou?5Isamischievouschildlikelyto<a>bewellbehaved,or<b>enjoyhavingfunbycausingtrouble?6Ifachildiswilful,aretheylikelytocausedamageorharm<a>deliberately,or<b>bymistake?7Whenachildisunsupervised,aretheylikelytobe<a>lookedafterbyadults,or<b>withoutanadultlookingafterthem?8Issomethingbizarrelikelytobe<a>strangeanddifficulttoexplain,or<b>veryusual?Languageinuseunpackingcomplexsentences1LookatthesentencesfromthepassageSupermanandanswerthequestions.1MyflyingdreamswerebelievableasalandscapebyDali,sorealthatIwouldawakewithasuddenshock,abreathlesssenseofhavingtumbledlikeIcarusfromtheskyandcaughtmyselfonthesoftbedjustintime.<a>Whatwerebelievable?Herdreamsaboutflyingwerebelievable.<b>Howrealwerethey?Theywereveryreal.<c>WhohadthesenseofhavingtumbledlikeIcarus?Thewriter,SylviaPlath.<d>Whywouldshewakeupwithabreathlesssense?Becauseshefeltshewasreallyflying.<e>Whatdidthebreathlesssensefeellike?Itfeltlikeasuddenshock.<f>Whydidshecatchherselfonthesoftbedjustintime?Becauseshefeltshewasfalling.2Weevenfoundastand-inforavillaininSheldonFein,thesallowmamma’sboyonourblockwhowasleftoutoftheboys’gamesbecausehecriedwheneveranybodytaggedhimandalwaysmanagedtofalldownandskinhisfatknees.<a>Whatdidwefind?Wefoundsomeonewhocouldbeavillain.<b>Whowasthestand-inforavillain?SheldonFein.<c>Whatwashelike?Hewassallowandamamma’sboy.<d>Wheredidhecomefrom?Hecamefromtheirblock.<e>Whywasheleftoutoftheboys’games?Becausehealwayscriedandfellover.<f>Whathappenedwhenhealwaysmanagedtofalldown?Heskinnedhisknees.2RewritethesentencefromthepassageCulturalchildhoodsinadiagrambelow.HehaswrittenhowaYanamam?girlisexpectedtohelphermotherfromayoungageandbytheageoftenwillberunningahouse.3Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofsuitableexpressionsfromthecollocationbox.Sometimesmorethanonecollocationispossible.1TheAustralianbushfiresblazedforseveraldaysbeforetheywerebroughtundercontrol.2AsachildRuth’slongdarkhairtumbleddownherback.3Hecomesfromaveryclose-knit/tight-knitfamilywiththreebrothersandtwosisters.4Iremembermyfatherusedtoknithisbrows/eyebrowstogetherwhenhewasthinkinghardaboutsomething.5Itwasextremelyhotandthesunwasblazing.6Didyouknitthatjumper/hatyourself?It’sreallybeautiful!7I’mwatchingthefinancialmarkets–Ithinkthepricesofstockswilltumblequitesoon.4TranslatetheparagraphsintoChinese.1MyflyingdreamswerebelievableasalandscapebyDali,sorealthatIwouldawakewithasuddenshock,abreathlesssenseofhavingtumbledlikeIcarusfromtheskyandcaughtmyselfonthesoftbedjustintime.ThesenightlyadventuresinspacebeganwhenSupermanstartedinvadingmydreamsandteachingmehowtofly.Heusedtocomeroaringbyinhisshiningbluesuitwithhiscapewhistlinginthewind,lookingremarkablylikemyUncleFrankwhowaslivingwithmotherandme.InthemagicwhirlingofhiscapeIcouldhearthewingsofahundredseagulls,themotorsofathousandplanes.我的飛行夢(mèng)像達(dá)利的風(fēng)景畫那么真實(shí)可信,以致于自己常常會(huì)在一陣驚嚇中醒來,好像伊卡羅斯那樣從空中摔下來,雖然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己剛好掉到軟軟的床上,但也被嚇得喘不過氣來.當(dāng)超人開始侵入我的夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng),并教給我飛行的技巧之后,我每夜的太空冒險(xiǎn)便開始了.超人身著耀眼的藍(lán)色衣服,肩披隨風(fēng)颼颼作響的斗篷,經(jīng)常從我身邊呼嘯而過.他長(zhǎng)得太像我的舅舅弗蘭克了,舅舅那會(huì)兒正跟媽媽和我住在一起.當(dāng)超人的斗篷神奇地旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí),我好像能聽見上百只海鷗的振翅聲,上千架飛機(jī)的馬達(dá)轟鳴聲.2Incontrast,childrenonthePacificislandofTonga,studiedbyHelenMorton,areregularlybeatenbytheirparentsandoldersiblings.Theyareseenasbeingclosertomadpeoplethanadultsbecausetheylackthehighlyprizedqualityofsocialcompetence<or相反,根據(jù)海倫·莫頓的研究,太平洋島國(guó)湯加的兒童經(jīng)常挨父母和哥哥姐姐的打.人們認(rèn)為兒童和成年人相比更像瘋子,因?yàn)樗麄內(nèi)狈Ρ淮蠹铱粗氐纳鐣?huì)能力〔湯加人稱之為poto.小孩子經(jīng)常因?yàn)楸渴直磕_而挨罵,他們連摔跤都會(huì)被嘲笑、呵斥,甚至被打.人們認(rèn)為兒童很頑皮,都是因?yàn)樘詺馑麄儾趴摁[,或者要東西吃.在大人看來,三至五歲的兒童尤其任性,因此他們打這個(gè)年齡段的孩子也打得最狠.父母?jìng)兿嘈?只有靠訓(xùn)導(dǎo)和體罰才能使孩子獲得社會(huì)能力,所以他們用一種在外人看來非常嚴(yán)厲的方式對(duì)待孩子.5TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.1在火車站上,有一位老人給我講述了他參加解放戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的經(jīng)歷,那些戰(zhàn)斗故事對(duì)我有著極大的吸引力.后來他上了車,列車從我身邊隆隆地開走了.可那些故事仍然是那么清晰可見,對(duì)于英雄們的壯舉,我欽佩不已.<fascination;roar;marvelat>Attherailwaystation,anoldmantoldmehisexperienceintheLiberationWar,thefightingstoriesofwhichwereofgreatfascinationtome.Thenhegotuponthetrainanditroaredpastme.ButthestoriesweresorealanddefinitethatIgreatlymarvelledatthecourageousdeedsofthosewarheroes.2行之有效的環(huán)保政策不僅能創(chuàng)造良好的生態(tài)環(huán)境,還能大大降低能源消耗.回顧這個(gè)地區(qū)近年來的發(fā)展情況,我們驚喜地發(fā)現(xiàn)地區(qū)政府強(qiáng)制實(shí)行的環(huán)保政策不但沒有受到任何批評(píng),還促使居民增強(qiáng)了環(huán)保意識(shí),盡其所能節(jié)約能源.<consumption;impose;takeexcep