英語-2022年高考考前押題密卷（北京卷）（考試版+全解全析）

2022年高考考前押題密卷【北京卷】

英語

本試卷共100分?？荚嚂r長100分鐘

考生務(wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一

并交回。

第一部分：知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）

第一節(jié)完型填空（共10小題：每小題1.5份，共15份）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳

選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。

WhenIwasinmiddleschool,IhadaclassmatenamedAlice.Shelikedtotellmemy

shortcomings（缺點(diǎn)）.

Oneday,Alicesaidtome,“Youaretooshortandtooproud!^^Hearingthis,Ifeltverysad

and1.Iranhometotellmyfather2it,withtearsinmyeyes.Myfathersaid

nothing.Hejust3mecarefully.Thenhesaidtome,“ArealltheshortcomingsAlice

hastoldyoutrue?Youcanwritethemdownandcheckwhethertheyaretrueornot."After

4themdown,Iwassurprisedtofindthatabouthalfofthethingsweretrue.Forsome

ofthethings,Icouldn'tchangethem.Butfbrmanyofthethings,Icould5them.For

thefirsttime,Iknewabout6betterthanbefore.

Later,IshowedmyfatherwhatIhadwrittendown,7hedidn'treadit."That's

justfbryou,,,my8said."Youknowaboutyourself9thananyotherperson.If

somethingthatissaidaboutyouistrue,you'llfindituseful.Listentootherspatiently,but

hearthetruthonly.”

Myfather'sadvicecametomymindatmanyimportantmoments.Itisthebest

10thatIhaveeverhadinmylife.

1.A.angryB.pleasedC.relaxedD.interested

2.A.underB.aboutC.atD.in

3.A.passedbyB.laughedatC.listenedtoD.lookedfor

4.A.writingB.slowingC.cuttingD.pushing

5.A.forgetB.changeC.speakD.read

6.A.herselfB.himselfC.itselfD.myself

7.A.orB.soC.andD.but

8.A.uncleB.auntC.fatherD.mother

9.A.betterB.biggerC.cheaperD.faster

10.A.p叩erB.adviceC.workD.news

第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題,每小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，

在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

A

Sharksareoftenthoughtofashunterslivingalone.However,anewstudyhasfoundthat

somespeciescreatesocialnetworksand11(connection)thatcanlastfor

years.12thestudyshowsisthatsomesharksformgroupsofbetweentwoand

fourteen.Thesegroupsgatherinthemorninginthesamepartofthereef.Atnight,thesharks

leavethereefontheirownbuttheycomebacktogetheragainthenextday.Thestudy

also13(note)thatmanygroupsstaytogetherforthewholeprocess.

B

SomeQinbambootextswerediscoveredinatombinHubeiProvincethatcontainmany

rulesregarding14peopleweresupposedtoliveandbehave.Expertssaythesetexts

couldprovethegovernmentinthethirdcenturyBChandedoutcruelpunishmentstopeople

who15(break)theserules.Forinstance,officialspunishedpeoplewhostolemoneyby

tattooing(刺青)theirface.Therearealsootherancientlawsinthetexts.Oneofthemisthat

whenquestioningasuspect,anofficialwas16(strict)forbiddenfromusingphysical

force.

C

“It'ssocute!”"Iwantone!^^Sincesuchpostsspreadonsocialmedia,the2022Beijing

WinterOlympicsmascotBingDwenDwen17(become)astaracrosstheglobe.

Thelovablepandawearsafull-body“sheH"18(make)outofice,whichlookslike

anastronautsuit.WiththepopularityoftheOlympicmascot,ithasserved19an

ambassadorforwintersports,bringingjoytothose20participatedinandwatched

theOlympicWinterGames.

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）

第一節(jié)(共14小題，每小題2分，共28分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答

題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

RESERVATION

Inordertomakeareservation,pleasefillinthepre-reservationform.Thisformis

compulsoryforalltypesofvisits.Thepre-bookingfbnnisnotaconfirmationofreservation.

Youwillreceiveanemailconfirmationifweareabletoaccommodateyourrequest.Ifwedo

nothaveanyavailability,wewillcontactyoutoproposeanalternativedate.

Thefollowingmeasuresarecurrentlyappliedforschoolsandyoungvisitorgroups:

?Forworkshopsandguidedtours,1classperguidedtourisallowed.Themaximum

numberofstudents/childrenpergroupis25andmasksmustbewornfromtheageof12.

Westronglyrecommendthatyoumakeseveralchoicesofdateswhenyoufilloutthe

onlineformsothatwecanbestmeetyourrequests.

?Forself-guidedtours,groupswithareservationwillbegivenpriorityattheentrance.If

theexhibitsaretoocrowded,wemaynotbeabletogiveyouaccesstotheMuseum.

?Safetydistancesbetweenadultsandstudents/childrenmustberespected.

Thesemeasuresaresubjecttothelimitationsimposedbythefederalauthoritiesinthe

currenthealthcontextatthetimeofthevisit.

Rates

Alloureducationalprogrammesarefreeofchargeforthoseundertheageof16

(admission,visitandworkshopifdesiredandavailable).

?Childrenuptotheageof15:free

?Studentsaged16andover:$14

?Accompanyingadult(1for1-10students,2for11-20students,etc.):free

?Guidedtourandworkshopforschools/educationalgroups:freeofchargeforchildrenup

totheageof15

Availabilities

TuesdaytoThursdayandFridayfrom9:15a.m.to4:15p.m.

21.Whatisamustifyouwanttovisitthemuseum?

A.Apre-bookingform.B.Aconfirmede-mail.

C.Anoptionaldate.D.Anearlierrequest.

22.Whatshouldvisitorsingroupskeepinmind?

A.Allthegroupmembersmustwearmasks.

B.Thenumberofvisitingstudentsislimited.

C.Preferencewillbegivenattheentrance.

D.Morechoicesofdatesshouldbeprovided.

23.IfMr.Brownwithhistwinsonsaged16wantstojoinintheeducationalprogrammes,

howmuchwillhepay?

A.$14.B.$28.C.$42.D.Free.

B

PowerfulstormshadrockedColumbia,Missouri,leavingbehinddeepfloodwatersthat

continuedtorise.MonicaViefs16-year-oldsonDominicVietandhis17-year-oldfriend,

JosephDiener,hadgoneouttoridebikesandcheckoutthestormdamage.Withmorestorms

ontheway,Monicathoughtitwasbestforchildrentostayhomeinthissituation.Then,she

textedhim.However,sheneedn'thaveworried.Dominicsentherareplysaying,“Mom,we

justsavedagirl's

Here'swhathappened.Theteenswereridingpastabasketballcourtthatwasdeeply

floodedwhentheyspottedagirlholdingontoapoleandcallingoutforhelp.Theyrealized

shewasseriouslyintrouble.Fortunately,inschool,theyhadbothearnedlifesavingmedals

thatincludedwaterrescues,andastheyglancedaroundattheotherconcernedbystanders,

theyknewtheyneededtotakeaction.Together,theyjumpedintothewaterandfoughtthe

fast-flowingwatertopushthedrowning18-year-oIdgirltoshore.Tenminuteslater,they

madeit.

Onceondryland,thegirlbegantothrowupwater.Firstrespondersquicklyarrivedand

tookhertothehospital,wheresheisrecovering.

Theboys'headmastersaidbeingpreparedforemergencysituationsisattachedgreat

importancetointhedailytrainingofourschool.Hehopestheteenswillgetspecialmedals

fortheirextraordinaryactionsthatday!

Thetwoboysarenowregardedasheroesforriskingtheirownlivestohelpastranger.

feellikeifyou'reabletosavesomebodylikethat,“Josephsaid."Youcertainlywillbecause

that'swhateveryoneofuswilldo.”"Wedidn'tthinkmuchaboutit,andwejusthadtoget

herout.That'sit!Besides,we'retrainedforthis!,,Dominicadded.

24.WhydidDominic'smumtexthim?

A.Towarnhimofthecomingstorms.

B.Tourgehimtocomebackquickly.

C.Tohavehimgotothebasketballcourt.

D.Totellhimtorecordthestormdamage.

25.WhatdoesParagraph2focuson?

A.Whathadhappenedtothegirl.B.Whatthegirldidforherself.

C.Howtheboysfinallysurvived.D.Howtheboyssavedthegirl.

26.Whatdidtheboysdependontorescuethegirl?

A.Theirtrainingandskills.B.Theirparents'encouragement.

C.Firstresponders9instanthelp.D.Thesupportfromthepassers-by.

27.Whichwordbestdescribestheboysasrescuers?

A.Ambitious.B.Demanding.C.Modest.D.Honest.

c

Thepeoplewhohappentobeinacitycenteratanygivenmomentmayseemlikea

randomcollectionofindividuals.Butnewresearchfeaturingasimplemathematicallaw

showsthaturbantravelpatternsworldwideare,infact,predictabledespitelocation.

Researchersdiscoveredwhatisknownasaninversesquarerelation（平方反比關(guān)系）

betweenthenumberofpeopleinagivenurbanlocationandthedistancetheytraveledtoget

there,aswellashowfrequentlytheymadethetrip.Itmayseemintuitive（直覺的）that

peoplevisitnearbylocationsfrequentlyanddistantoneslessso,butthenewlydiscovered

relationaccuratelypredicts,forinstance,thatthenumberofpeoplecomingfromtwo

kilometersawayfivetimesperweekwillbethesameasthenumbercomingfromfive

kilometerstwiceaweek.

Theresearchersanalyzeddatafromabouteightmillionpeoplebetween2006and2013

insixurbanlocations.Thisstudyfocusedonlocationsandexaminedhowmanypeoplewere

visiting,fromhowfarandhowfrequently.Theresearchersfoundthatalltheuniquechoices

peoplemake-fromdroppingkidsatschooltoshopping-obeythisinversesquarelaw.

Oneexplanationfbrthisstrongstatisticalpatternisthattravelingrequirestimeand

energy,andpeoplehavelimitedresourcesfbrit.Atthecoreistheeffortthatpeopleare

willingtoinvestcollectivelytotraveltocertainlocations,tryingtooptimizetheirdays.

Understandingthesepatternsisimportantnotonlyfbrplanningtheplacementofnew

shoppingcentersorpublictransportationbutalsoformodelingdiseasetransmissionwithin

cities,saysKathleenStewart,ageographerandmobilityresearcher.

Manyresearchersestimatetravelwith"gravitymodels"，whichassumethatmovement

betweencitiesisproportional（成比例的）totheirpopulationsizes.Butthesemodelsdonot

accountfortravelpatternswithincites——informationthatisparticularlycriticalindealing

withdiseasetransmissionEpidemiologist（流行病學(xué)家）SamScarpinosaysmodelsbasedon

thisnewfindingmightbettertrackthatflow.

“Thoseorganizationalpatternshavereallyprofound（深遠(yuǎn)的）implicationsonhow

COVIDwillspread,9,Scarpinosays.Inasmallerrurallocation,wheremanypeopleregularly

gotothesamegrocerystore,theentiretownwillexperiencesharppeaksofinfectionsasthe

virussweepsthroughthecommunity.Butinabiggercity,thespreadtakeslongerheexplains,

becauseminiepidemicscanoccurineachneighborhoodsomewhatseparately.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“optimize“inParagraph4probablymean?

A.Slowdown.B.Keeparecordof.

C.Thinkbackon.D.Makethemostof.

29.Whydoestheauthormention"gravitymodels”inParagraph6?

A.Tointroducethetravelpatternswithincities.

B.Tostresstheimportanceoftrackingdiseases.

C.Tocomparetheurbanandruralinfectionrates.

D.Toshowtheadvantageoftheinversesquarelaw.

30.Whichofthefollowingcanbesupportedbythenewlydiscoveredlaw?

A.Diseasesspreadfasterinruralareasthaninbigcities.

B.Tripdistanceseldominfluencespeople'stravelchoices.

C.Epidemicsarehardertodiscoverinbigcitiesthaninruralareas,

D.Cityresidentsarelikelytomakefrequenttripstoadistantplace.

D

Thetermnlaborshortage0wasGoogledmoreinMay.Headlineafterheadlinehascited

wagerisesandbonusesthatseemtomakeitajobhuntefsmarket.

Theconceptsoundssimple—Americancompaniesmustbestrugglingtofindthe

employeestheyneed.Yetsomelaboreconomistswouldarguethepictureisn'tcomplete.

Employersareunabletofindtheworkerstheywantatthewagesthey'rewillingtopay.

Failingtoappreciatethisdistinctioncouldleadtopolicyerrorsdowntheroad.

Thelawsofsupplyanddemandshouldmakespottinglaborshortagesrelatively

straightforward.Whentherearen,tenoughworkers,employerspaymoretogetthemand

wagesgoup.

Yetquickeningwagegrowthisn*ttheonlymarkofashortage.Thesignisseeingthis

trendalongsidestalling(停滯)jobgrowth.Justlookatwhafsbeenhappeningintheleisure

andhotelindustry,amongthemostbruisedbytheCOVID-19shutdown.Afterjobsalmost

disappearedduringthepandemic,we'restartingtoseearebound:InMay,theindustrycreated

292,000jobs,faroutpacingothercornersoftheeconomy.Meanwhile,averageweekly

earningshavebeenrisingfaster.Inotherwords,themarketisworkingtoresolveashortage:

Whenemployersliftwages,theyYeabletoattracttheemployeestheyneed.Yet,theindustry

wagesareonlyjustmeetingpre-COVIDlevels;theyarenottoohigh.

Toassessashortageaccurately,though,youneedtolookbeyondindustriestospecific

locationsandoccupations.Thetaxicabqueuingmodelwasusedtoaddressthedebateabouta

shortageofworkersinengineering.Employersandjobopeningscanbethoughtofastaxis,

whileworkersarealineofwaitingpassengers.Dependingonyourlocation,theremaybea

longlineoftaxis(say,attheairport),oronthecontraryalonglineofpassengers(atahotel).

DemandforchemistryengineersinTexas,forexample,isdifferentfromchemistryengineers

inMassachusetts.

Thebottomlineisthat,inthemarket,shortagesarenotuniversal.Simultaneous

shortagesandsurplusescancometotheforceacrosstheeconomyatanygivenpoint,which

iswhybroad-brushpoliciescanbecounterproductive.

31.Whatcouldleadtopolicymistakesinthefuture?

A.Theviewsofsomelaboreconomists.

B.Misunderstandingsaboutlaborshortages.

C.Workerswhohavedifficultyinfindingjobs.

D.Thesalariestheemployersarewillingtopay.

32.WhatdoesMay'sreboundjobsintheleisureandhotelindustrytellus?

A.Theleisureandhotelindustryisdoingaverysuccessfulbusiness.

B.Rapidwagegrowthconnectswithstallingemploymentgrowth.

C.TheeconomyrecoveredquicklyaftertheCOVID-19.

D.EmployeesareeagertoworkaftertheCOVID-19.

33.Whydoestheauthormention“Thetaxicabqueuingmodel“inparagraph5?

A.Toexplainanopinion.B.Toclarifyaconcept.

C.Topresentafact.D.Tomakeaprediction.

34.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Jobmarketisexpectedtobestronger

B.Takewisdomtoassesslaborshortages

C.Competitorsareeagertokeeptalent

D.Letthemarketfixlaborshortages

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有項(xiàng)

為多余選項(xiàng)。

Technologyisanamenity（舒適，便利）ofmodemlifenowadays.However,hackers

（黑客）arestandingbesideyou!Theymanagetohackusers'accountandstealsensitivedata.

Hereare4topgoldenrulesonhowtobesafeonline.

?35.

Theresearchconductedin2019byTheHarrisPollshowedthat21%ofrespondents

don'tupdateregularlytheappstheyuse.36.Itisexplainedbythefactthatnewviruses

appeareveryday.Andtheupdatesarcmeanttopreventthem.

?Useuniquepasswordsfbryouraccounts.

Unfortunately,65%ofpeopletendtouseonepasswordforseveralaccounts,which

increasessecurityandprivacyrisk.It'sasdangerousasifonewoulduseonekeyfbraflat,

car,officeandstrongbox.37.Toescapesuchthreats,it'sstronglyencouragedthat

youcreatepasswordsthatwouldbedifficulttoguess.

?38.

Whatifamanfailstoaccessaccountorforgetsthepassword?Itwon'tbeaproblemif

he/shcusesanadditionalaccounttorenewtheblockedone.Specifythebackupaddressor

phonenumberwhenregistering.

?Backupyourdata.

Sometimesithappensthataccountsundergohackingattacksdespitethefactthatall

necessaryprecautions（預(yù)防措施）weretaken.Whenthisoccurs,thesafestwaytogetridof

theviruswareistoremoveandresetthesystem.39.

A.Upgradesoftwareonanongoingbasis.

B.Createanaccounttorenewaccessifnecessary.

C.Itisvitalforyoutoupgradeyoursoftwareinyourdailyusing.

D.Oncelost,thiskeymightbeusedtogetaccesstoallyourpossessions.

E.Thus,theonlywaytogetaccesstoyourdataistorestorethebackup.

F.However,thelastsoftwareversionisamusttobeprotectedontheInternet.

G.Theythoughtonepasswordisalwaysmoreconvenientforthemtouseintheirdaily

life.

第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，共32分）

第一節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)（共4小題，第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共

12分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。

TheChinesecapital,thefirstcityintheworldtohostthesummerandthewinter

OlympicGames,hascomeupwithinnovativehigh-techstandardsforBeijing2022,

deliveringChina'spromisetoholda“simple,safeandsplendid^^event.

AstheWinterOlympicGamescontinueinChina,someofthedifferenttechnologiesare

beingusedinBeijing.JournalistsreportingontheWinterOlympicsareofferedthechanceto

sleeponthejobthankstothehigh-techcabins（房艙）attheBeijingmediacentre.The20

sleeprestcabinsweredevelopedbyChina'sKeesonTechnologyCorp,andwithasimple

scanoftheirphones,journalistscanusethemforpowernapsforuptoanhour.

Thespaciouscabinsareequippedwiththesametypeofbedsprovidedfbrtheathletes.

Thesmartbedswithsensorscancollectinformationonthingslikebreathingandheartrates.

Userscanadjustthepositionofthebeds,whichhaveamassagesetting,byusingaremote

controlortheirphone.Thebedsalsohavecontrolstopermituserstochoosedifferent

sleepingpositions,includingonecalled“zerogravity",whichisespeciallydesignedfbrthe

BeijingWinterGames.Raisingthehead15degreesandlegsby35degreesisbeneficialfbr

bloodcirculationandabletohelptheuserstorelievestressandgetagoodnightsleep.Sofar,

thirtytofortypeopleadayhaveusedthecabinsattheBeijingmediacentre.Thecabinsare

fullycleanedaftereachuse.

ThesleeprestcabinsarejustoneofanumberofinnovationsattheGames.Thecityhas

gonetogreatlengthstomaketheWinterOlympicsasmartsportsexperience.

40.Accordingtothepassage,whathigh-techequipmentisprovidedtojournalistsatthe

Beijingmediacentre?

41.Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedpart"powernaps'*inthesecondparagraph?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplain

why.

Thesmartbedshavemanyfunctions,suchastreatingbreathingandheartdiseases,providing

massagesettingandpermittingzerogravitysleepingposition.

43.Therearemanyotherhigh-techproductsusedinourdailylife.Pleaseintroduceanother

high-techproduct.(Inabout40words)

第二節(jié)：書面表達(dá)(共一題，20分)

目前，勞動教育越來越受重視，勞動可以強(qiáng)健學(xué)生體魄，磨練學(xué)生意志，培養(yǎng)學(xué)

生的良好品格，但有些學(xué)生認(rèn)為高中生功課比較忙，勞動太占時間或影響學(xué)習(xí)……為此,

你校校報(bào)英語專欄就此話題發(fā)起征文活動，請你以"MyOpiniononLaborEducation”為題

撰寫一篇短文參加征文活動。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100詞左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

2022年高考考前押題密卷【北京卷】

英語?全解全析

第一部分：知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）

第一節(jié)完型填空

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者聽見別人對自己不好的評價很生氣，

告訴爸爸后爸爸給了建議，就是“你比任何人都了解你自己。如果對你的評價是真的，你會

發(fā)現(xiàn)它很有用。耐心地傾聽別人，但只聽真相?！?/p>

1.A【解析】由上文的“Youaretooshortandtooproud”可知，聽到別人說自己太矮了，作

者當(dāng)然會生氣。故選A。

2.B【解析】后文的“it”指代上文別人對作者不好的評價，可知作者回家把這事情告訴給

了父親，故選B。

3.C【解析】由上文的“Myfathersaidn。出ing”可知，父親沒說什么，只是認(rèn)真聽作者說，

故選C。

4.A【解析】由上文的"Youcanwritethemdown”可知，空格處所在句子表示“在把它們寫

下來之后，我驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，大約一半的事情是正確的“，故選A。

5.B【解析】由上文的“Forsomeofthethings,Icouldn'tchangethem”可知，句子表示“有些

事情，我無法改變。但對于許多事情，我可以改變它們“，故選B。

6.D【解析】由第8空后的“Youknowaboutyoursef可知，空格所在句子表示''我第一次

比以前更了解自己“，故選D。

7.D【解析】由后文的“That'sjustfbryou”可知，父親沒有讀，說那個東西是給作者的，空

格處用表示轉(zhuǎn)折的but,故選D。

8.C【解析】由上文的“Ishowedmy仇therwhat1hadwrittendown”可知，作者是給父親看

自己寫的東西，所以此處是父親告訴作者“那是給你的故選C。

9.A【解析】由上文的“Iknewabout__6___betterthanbefbre”可知，空格處所在句子表示

“你比任何人都了解你自己“，空格處意為“更好地”，故選A。

10.B【解析】由上文的“Myfather'sadvice”可知，此處表示“這是我一生中得到的最好的建

議故選B。

第二節(jié)語法填空

11.connections12.What13.notes

14.how15.broke16.strictly

17.hasbecome18.made19.as20.who

第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)

第一節(jié)(共14小題，每小題2分，共28分)

A

【語篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。主題語境是人與社會。主要說明了在參觀博物館之前需要

注意的事項(xiàng)。

21.A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段“Inordertomakeareservation,pleasefillinthe

pre-reservationform.Thisformiscompulsoryforalltypesofvisits.*'可知在參觀博物

館之前必須要填寫一個提前預(yù)訂表。

22.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由''Themaximumnumberofstudents/childrenpergroupis25...,5

可知人數(shù)是有限制的。

23.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“Studentsaged16andover:$14"以及''Accompanyingadult

(1for1-10students,2for11-20students,etc.):free,5計(jì)算可知。

B

【語篇解讀】本文屬于記敘文。強(qiáng)風(fēng)暴襲擊了密蘇里州哥倫比亞地區(qū)，造成持續(xù)上漲

的深洪水。多米尼克?維耶(DominicViet)和朋友約瑟夫?迪納(JosephDiener)騎車出去查看

暴風(fēng)雨造成的損失，途中，他們利用自己在校學(xué)到的急救知識，救出了一名落水的女孩。

24.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Monicathoughtitwasbestforchildrentostayhome

inthissituation.Then,shetextedhim.”信息可知，莫妮卡給兒子發(fā)短信是想叫他盡快

回家。故選B。

25.D【解析】段落大意題。第二段主要談了：多米尼克和朋友約瑟夫看見落水女孩處于危

險(xiǎn)之中，他們奮不顧身跳進(jìn)洪水，成功將女孩救起。因此，本段重點(diǎn)是談他們救人的

整個過程。故選D。

26.A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段"theyhadbothearnedlifesavingmedalsthatincludedwater

rescues…”;第四段"beingpreparedforemergencysituationsisattachedgreatimportanceto

inthedailytrainingofourschool"；最后一段"Besides,we'retrainedforthis”,這些信息

說明，正是他們平時所得到的訓(xùn)練和技能幫助他們救了女孩。故選A。

27.C【解析】推理判斷題。最后一段中，兩個孩子談到：他們救人時沒有想那么多，只是

想把人救起來而已。而且，每個人遇到這種情況，都會這樣做的。由此推知，盡管他

們現(xiàn)在被視為英雄，但很低調(diào)。故選C。

C

【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述一項(xiàng)新研究，利用簡單數(shù)學(xué)定律預(yù)測全球

城市旅行模式，并介紹該定律的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

28.D【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“Oneexplanationforthisstrongstatisticalpatternisthat

travelingrequirestimeandenergy,andpeoplehavelimitedresourcesforit.“可知，人們的

資源、時間和精力有限，所以人們要使他們的一天達(dá)到最優(yōu)化的效果。故推知optimize

的意思是“使最優(yōu)化"與makethemostof意義一致，故選D。

29.D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Manyresearchersestimatetravelwith''gravitymodels'',

whichassumethatmovementbetweencitiesisproportional（成比例的）totheirpopulation

sizes.Butthesemodelsdonotaccountfortravelpatternswithincites——informationthatis

particularlycriticalindealingwithdiseasetransmissionEpidemiologist（流行病學(xué)家）

SamScarpinosaysmodelsbasedonthisnewfindingmightbettertrackthatflow.”可矢口，本

段主要說明“重力模型”的缺點(diǎn)，它沒有考慮到城市內(nèi)部的旅行，會對處理疾病傳播有

影響。第五段"Understandingthesepatternsisimportantnotonlyforplanningthe

placementofnewshoppingcentersorpublictransportationbutalsoformodelingdisease

transmissionwithincities,saysKathleenStewart,ageographerandmobilityresearcher.”

說明了平方反比原理的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故推知，作者在第六段中提到gravitymodels是為了展

現(xiàn)重力模型的缺點(diǎn)及平方反比原理的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，故選D。

30.A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Inasmallerrurallocation,wheremanypeople

regularlygotothesamegrocerystore,theentiretownwillexperiencesharppeaksof

infectionsasthevirussweepsthroughthecommunity.Butinabiggercity,thespreadtakes

longerheexplains,becauseminiepidemicscanoccurineachneighborhoodsomewhat

separately.”可知，病毒在農(nóng)村地區(qū)的傳播速度比在大城市傳播的速度快，故選A.

D

【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要講述市場調(diào)節(jié)勞動力短缺問題，從實(shí)際出發(fā)，因時

度勢，任何偏頗的觀點(diǎn)可能會使政策適得其反。

31.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段“這個概念聽起來很簡單——美國公司肯定很難找到

他們需要的員工。然而，一些勞動經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家會說，情況還不完整。雇主無法以他們愿

意支付的工資找到他們想要的工人。未能認(rèn)識到這一區(qū)別，可能會導(dǎo)致今后的政策失

誤?！笨芍xB項(xiàng)。

32.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第四段可知：工資的快速增長并不是勞動力短缺的唯一標(biāo)志。

比如疫情后，五月份的休閑和酒店行業(yè)，盡管崗位激增，工資快速提升，主要是前段

時間受COVID-19關(guān)閉影響的原因。故選B項(xiàng)。

33.A【解析】推理判斷題。第五段前兩句“然而，要準(zhǔn)確評估短缺情況，你需要把目光從

行業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移到特定的地點(diǎn)和職業(yè)。用出租車排隊(duì)模型來解決工程界關(guān)于工人短缺的爭

論?！笨芍?，用出租車排隊(duì)模型主要是解釋上述提到的觀點(diǎn)。故選A。

34.D【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題。文章第一段引出“勞動力短缺”話題；第二段講述一般人和經(jīng)濟(jì)

學(xué)家對勞動力短缺的不同理解，不同的理解可能會導(dǎo)致今后的政策失誤；第三段講述

在市場中，供求規(guī)律應(yīng)該使發(fā)現(xiàn)勞動力短缺相對簡單，即當(dāng)沒有足夠的工人時，雇主

會支付更多的工資來雇傭工人，工資就會上漲。第四段進(jìn)行反證，工資快速增長并未

引起勞動力短缺；第五段用出租車排隊(duì)模型解釋勞動力供求關(guān)系不一樣的情況；第六

段是總結(jié)段講述勞動力短缺和盈余都可能在整個經(jīng)濟(jì)中出現(xiàn)，這就是為什么籠統(tǒng)的政

策可能適得其反，必須具體問題具體對待，和第二段主題相呼應(yīng)。分析看出，文章主

要講述勞動力短缺是由市場調(diào)控的。

第二節(jié)七選五

【語篇解讀】文章講述了現(xiàn)代社會科技給人們帶來便利的同時黑客們也在設(shè)法侵入用戶

的賬戶竊取敏感數(shù)據(jù)，以及在使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)的同時如何讓自己更安全的四大黃金規(guī)則。

35.A【解析】此處為標(biāo)題性句子，為四大黃金法則之一?？崭窈笠欢沃饕钦f明“要及時

升級數(shù)據(jù)''的話題，故選A。

36.F【解析】本段講的是“要及時升級數(shù)據(jù)”的話題，空格后“...virusesappeareveryday...”跟

F選項(xiàng)中的”...versionisamusttobeprotected...”呼應(yīng)，故選F。

37.D【解析】本段講述的是“為自己的賬戶設(shè)置獨(dú)一無二的密碼”這一方法?？崭袂耙痪?It，s

asdangerous...onekeyforaflat,car,officeandstrongbox”與D選項(xiàng)中的"key”同詞復(fù)現(xiàn),

故選D。

38.B【解析】此處為標(biāo)題性句子，也為四大黃金法則之一?？崭窈笠欢沃小?..usesanadditional

accounttorenewtheblockedon…"，可知選B?

39.E【解析】此處為總結(jié)性話語，空格前說明的是“toremoveandresetthesyste