山東省菏澤市2023-2024學年高三上學期1月期末模擬練習英語試題

山東省菏澤市2023-2024學年高三上學期1月期末模擬練習英語試題一、閱讀理解OnMother’sDay,surprisingyourmotherwithadeliciouscakeisamust.Beforeyouorderacake,youneedaMother’sDaycakedesign.Dessert(甜點)ChocolateCakeWhointheworldcansaynotoacakethatischocolateinside?Thiscakedesignisunique—otherthanthechocolate,therearedeliciousandlovelydessertsontopofit.Price:$42,6-inch/$58,8-inchBlackVelvetCakeBlackisforeverbeautiful!Andasmothersarealongpreferenceforloveandbeauty,youcanpickthisBlackVelvetCaketosurpriseyourmother.Asbeautifulasthecakelooksoutside,whenyoucutthecake,itisrelaxingtoseetheredandblackdeliciouslayers(夾層)inside.Price,$32,6-inch/$42,8-inchNakedRoseCakeWeknowyoucameacrossthethoughtofsurprisingyourmomwithabunch(束)offlowersasgiftsfor.Mother’sDay,andyoushouldgowithit.Withthecakedesignthatwebringhere,youcantakeafloralsurpriseahead.Threelayersofbakedbatter,threelayersofwhippedcream,andthetoppingofrealstrawberriesandrealpinkroses!Price:$36,6-inch/$48,8-inchWafersandChocolateStrawberriesCakeDoesyourmomlovewafers?Issheafanofchocolate?Andisshealsomadonstrawberries?Breakingtheusualroundshape,hereisaMother’sDaycakedesigninasquare,whichiscoveredwithbreakablewafersonthesides.Also,thereiswhiteandblackchocolateandfreshstrawbemesontopofitPrice:$38,6-inch/$50,8-inch1．Howmuchdoesa6-inchDessertChocolateCakecost?A．$36.B．$42.C．$48.D．$58.2．WhatisspecialaboutWafersandChocolateStrawberriesCake?A．It’sblack.B．It’ssweet.C．It’ssquare.D．It’sround.3．Whichcakewillyouorderifyouwanttosurpriseyourmotherwithflowers?A．NakedRoseCake.B．BlackVelvetCake.C．DessertChocolateCake.D．WafersandChocolateStrawbemesCake.MITresearchershavedevelopedawaytoincorporate（融入）electronicsensorsintofabrics,allowingthemtocreateshirtsorothergarmentsthatcouldbeusedtomonitorhealthsignssuchastemperatureandheartrate.Thesensor-embeddedsuitscanbemadetofitclosetothebodyofthepersonwearingthem."Wecanhaveelectronicpartsorlab-madeelectronicsembeddedwithinthetextiles（織物）thatweweareveryday,creatingcomfortablesuits,"saysDagdeviren,аprofessoratMIT.Hisgroupsetouttocreatesuitsmoresimilartotheclotheswenormallywear,usingаfabricthathasremovableelectronicsensorsinit."Inourcase,thetextileisnotelectricallyfunctional.It'sjustаpassiveelementofoursuitsothatyoucanwearthedevicescomfortablyduringyourdailyactivities,"Dagdevirensays."Ourmaingoalwastomeasurethephysicalactivityofthebodyallfromthesamebodypart,withoutrequiringanyfixtureoranytape."Theelectronicsensorsconsistoflongflexiblestrips（細條）.Thesechannelshavesmallopeningsthatallowthesensorstobeexposedtotheskin.Forthisstudy,theresearchersdesignedаshirtwith30temperaturesensorsandanaccelerometerthatcanmeasurethewearer'smovement,heartrate,andbreathingrate.Thesuitcanthentransmit（傳輸）thisdatawirelesslytoаsmartphone.Thiskindofsensingcouldbeusefulforpersonalizedtelemedicine,allowingdoctorstoremotelymonitorpatients."Youdon'tneedtogotothedoctorordoаvideocall,"Dagdevirensays.Throughthiskindofdatacollection,Ithinkdoctorscanmakebetterassessmentsandhelptheirpatientsinаbetterway."Lastsummer,severaloftheresearchersspenttimeatаfactoryinShenzhen,China,toexperimentwithmass-producingthematerialusedforthegarments."From

theoutsideitlooks

likeanormalT-shirt,butfromtheinside,youcanseetheelectronicpartswhicharetouchingyourskin,"Dagdevirensays.4．WhydoMITresearchersmakesensor-embeddedsuits?A．Tocompletetheiracademictasks.B．Tosatisfycustomerspersonalneedforfashion.C．Tocreatesuitswithmedicalfunctions.D．Totransformpatentsforbenefits.5．Whatisthemainfunctionoftheelectronicsensors?A．MakingtheskinfullyexposedB．Collectingandtransmittinghealthinformation.C．Adjustingwearers'bodytemperatureD．Monitoringwearers'behavior.6．Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesuitsinthefuture?A．Theymaytakethepieceofdoctors.B．Theycouldbeinmass-productionsoon.C．Theymightleadthenewfashion.D．Theywillbringconveniencetopatients.7．Whatcanweinferaboutwearingasensor-embeddedgarmentaccordingtoDagdeviren?A．It'seco-friendly.B．It'sskin-friendly.C．It'sfashionable.D．It'sawkward.OnApril24th,policeinCaliforniaannouncedthearrestofJosephDeAngelo.Hestandsaccusedofeightcountsofmurder.Thestarting-pointofthearrestwasgeneticmaterialrecoveredfromthecrimescenes.ThoughthisdirectlymatchednoDNAheldinapolicedatabase,analysisofitledinvestigatorsallthewaybacktothe1800s,tohisgreat-great-greatgrandparents.ThetrailtheyfollowedlinkshimtocrimescommittedaroundSacramentointhe1970sand1980sbyanunknownmannicknamedtheGoldenStateKiller.Thatalinktodistantancestorscouldleadtoanarrestprovesthepowerofmoderngenomics(基因組學).InvestigatorsfirstuploadedMrDeAngelo’sgeneticprofile(檔案)toawebsitecalledGEDmatch.Thisallowsanyonetousehisorherowngeneticprofiletosearchforfamilyconnections.GEDmatch’sdatabaseturnedouttoholdprofiles,returnedasweakmatches,whichlookedasiftheyhadcomefromdistantcousinsoftheGoldenStateKiller.GEDmatchencouragesuploaderstoincludetheirrealnamewiththeirgenomes,andtheinvestigatorswereabletotracebackthroughthematches’parentsandgrandparentstofindtheirmostrecentcommonancestor.Then,havingmovedbackwardintime,theymovedforwardagain,lookingforasmanyaspossibleofthisancestor’sdescendants.Usingtraditionalnewspaperclippings,census(人口普查)recordsandgenealogywebsites,theydiscoveredsome25familytreesstretchingdownfromthecommonancestor.Onitsown,thetreeonwhichMrDeAngeloappearshas1,000members.Fromthesethousandsofdescendants,thedetectivesfoundtwosuspects.Onewaseliminated(排除)fromtheinvestigationbyfurtherDNAtestsofafamilymember.Theother,MrDeAngelo,wasarrestedafterpolicehadtestedtheDNAonanitemhehaddiscarded.Ifaserialkillerreallyhasbeencaughtusingthesemethods,everyonewillrightlyapplaud.Butitbearsonthequestionofgeneticprivacy—namely,howmuchrightpeoplehavetokeeptheirgenestothemselves.Asthecostofgeneticsequencingfalls,thetendencyofpeopletodiscovertheirowngeneticinformation,ratherthanlearningaboutitsecond-hand,willincrease.That,though,maybringaboutadifferentproblem,inwhichpeopleobtainthesequencesofotherswithouttheirpermissionfromthingslikediscardedcoffeecups.8．WhywasJosephDeAngeloarrested?A．Hewasbelievedtoberesponsibleforseveralmurders.B．Hewaswitnessedtohaveappearedatthemurderscene.C．Hewasconnectedtohisgreat-great-greatgrandparents’crimes.D．HewasreportedtohavedirectDNAevidenceinapolicedatabase.9．UsingGEDmatch,investigatorsfoundthat________.A．thiswebsiteofferedcensusrecordsB．thereweretwoGoldenStateKillersC．DeAngelohadnocloserelationshipwiththeKillerD．25familytreeshad1,000ancestors.10．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Thediscoveryofsecond-handgeneticinformation.B．Thepublic’sworriesaboutgeneticinformationleak.C．Thedecreaseofgeneticsequencingcost.D．Thetendencyofgettingbackthrown-awayitems.11．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Findingthesuspectviadistantrelatives’DNAB．DeterminingdistantancestorsthroughmoderngenomicsC．Comparingacriminal’sDNAwiththatofknownfamilymembersD．UploadinggeneticprofilestoGEDmatch’sdatabaseWe’veallfeltthetaptothesoulyougetfromdrivingbyyouroldhighschoolorhearingatuneyouoncedancedto.Butwhyisthatfeelingsouniversal?Nostalgia,acombinationoftheGreekwordsnostos(homecoming)andalgos(pain),wasaspecialtypeofhomesicknessassociatedwithsoldiersfightingfar-offwars.Seventeenthcenturyphysiciansworriedsuchthoughtsputhealthatrisk.Inthe19thcentury,doctorsbelieveditcouldcauseirregularheartbeat,fever,anddeath.Ourunderstandingofnostalgiahasdevelopedsincethen.“It’saverymixedemotion,”saysFrederickBarrett,aneuroscientist.Thatmakesithardtofitintoexistingtheory,whichtypicallycategorizesemotionsaseitherpositiveornegative.Andtriggers—thecars,musicorsmells

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areextremelypersonal.Therefore,designingastandardizedstudyisdifficult.Butwedoknownostalgiahasamarkedeffectonus:brainimagingstudiesshowthatthoseexperienceshavetheirownneuralsignature.Neuroscientistsarguedthattheemotionisco-producedbythebrain’srecallandrewardsystems.Theyfoundthatnostalgicimagesusethememory-managinghippocampus(海馬區(qū))morethanothersights,aspeoplemineautobiographical(個人經(jīng)歷的)detailsdeepinthepast.Thismentaleffortpaysoff:asthehippocampusactivates,sodoesoneofthebrain’srewardcenters.Thatlongingforthepastmightbeaprotectivemechanism,saysTimWildschut,aprofessor.Hisworkalsosuggestsamoreprimitivepurposeforthefeeling:itdevelopedtoremindourancientancestorsofpleasantphysicalfeelingsduringperiodsofdiscomfortandpain.Recentresearchsuggeststheoccasionallookbackwardscangiveusaboostinunnoticeableways:byincreasingself-respectandprotectingagainstdepression.Nostalgia’sapparentpowertojump-startone’smemoryalsoseemstoimproverecallabilityinpeoplewithAlzheimer’sdisease.Newflavorsof“reminiscencetherapy”(回憶療法)areemergingaroundtheworld.In2018,theGeorgeG.GlennerAlzheimer’sFamilyCentersopeneditsfirstTownSquare,anadultdaycarefacilitydesignedtolooklikeasmalltownin1950sAmerica.ThoughTownSquarehasyettopublishpeer-revieweddataonthesuccessoftheprogram,clientssayithashelpedseniorsaccessdustymemoriesandreconnectwithlovedones.Scientistsneedalotmoreinformationtoadequatelycharacterizethiscomplexandbittersweetfeeling.Butwhilecenturiesofdoctorsconsiderednostalgiaadeadlydisease,wenowknow:itcanhelpusmakeitthroughtoday.12．Whatcanwelearnaboutnostalgia?A．ItwasfirstdiscoveredinGreece.B．It’smorecommonamongsoldiers.C．It’ssetoffbypersonalexperiences.D．Itwasawell-definedscientificidea.13．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A．Hownostalgiaworks.B．Whynostalgiamatters.C．Whatnostalgiameans.D．Whennostalgiaemerges.14．Howmightnostalgiabenefitpeople?A．Itmakespeople’smindsharp.B．Itgivesseniorsasenseofsecurity.C．Ithelpsusfaceunpleasantsituations.D．Itimprovespeople’sinstantmemory.15．WhydoestheauthormentionTownSquare?A．Torevealaphenomenonofemotion.B．Tointerprettheconceptofatherapy.C．Toexploretheadvantageofatreatment.D．Todemonstratetheuseofaresearchfinding.24SolarTerms:4ThingsYouShouldKnowAboutGrainBudsThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.GrainBuds(小滿),the8thsolartermofayear,beginsonMay21thisyear,andendsonJune5.InChina,the24solartermswerecreatedthousandsofyearsagotoguideagriculturalproduction.

16．.Let’sseewhatwecandoduringthe“GrainBuds”period.AgoodseasonforeatingfishDuringtheGrainBudsperiod,thesummerharvestisabouttobegin.Asayingaboutrainduringthistimementions,“Aheavyrainfallmakestheriverfull.”Becauseofthegreatincreaseinrainfall,riversarefullofwater,whichgivesrisetotastyfishandshrimp.Thisisagoodtimetoenjoythem.

17．.EatingtheherbofthecommonsowthistleGrainBudsisaseasonforeatingtheherbofthecommonsowthistle,whichtastesalittlebitterandsour,butalsosweet.Ithasthefunctionofcoolingthebloodanddetoxifyingthebody.Itcanbemadeintodifferenttypesofdishes.

18．.Somepeopleboiltheherbwithwaterandthensqueezeoutthejuice,whichcanbeusedtomakesoup.TipsonhealthpreservinginGrainBuds19．.Theincreaseintemperatureoverthisseasonmayalsogiverisetoallsortsofskindiseases.Itisalsoimportanttoexercisetokeephealthyduringthehotsummerdays.Walking,joggingandpracticingTaiChiarepopular.20．Thistimeisagoodperiodofthequickgrowthofflowers.Itisalsoaseasonwhenplantdiseasesandpestsareatanall-timehigh,whichmakescaringforyourgardenevenmorecritical.Flowertrimmingandclippingisimportant.Andasystematicfertilizationwateringsystemshouldbecarriedout.A．AkeyperiodforflowermanagementB．ItisalsotheharvestseasonforfishermenC．AlotofwaterandextracareforwildflowersD．PeopleinNingxialiketoeatitblendedwithsalt,vinegar,pepperorgarlicE．HightemperaturesandhumidityarecommonduringtheGrainBudsperiodF．Butthesolartermcultureisstillusefultodaytoguidepeople’slivesG．Itmeansthattheseedsfromthegrainarebecomingfullbutarenotripe二、完形填空Themoonhadgonebehindacloudandthereweren'tmanystarsinthesky.AsItookaglance(一瞥)atmyneighbour'shouse,Isawaflame(火焰)inhis

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.IthoughthewashavingamidnightfastfoodsoIwentbacktomy

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.Soon,therewasaburningsmellintheairandIguessedsomethingwaswrong.

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,Ijumpedoutofbedandwentdownstairsto

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.Isawfirecomingoutofmyneighbour'skitchen.Rightaway,I

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"Fire!Fire!"Buttherewasnoonenearbytohearmyshoutsforhelp.I

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intomyhouse,calledthefiredepartmentandwentbacktomyneighbour'shouse.Irangthedoorbell,hitonthedoorandcalledoutmyneighbour'snamebuttherewasno

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.Imanagedto

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thehouseandrescuedacatandarabbit.Itriedtothrowwaterthroughthekitchenwindow

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itwasnouse;thefirewastoostrong.

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,afireenginearrivedandsoonthefiremenputoutthefire.Theyarrivedjustintimeasthefirewasgoingto

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totheotherroomsinthehouse.Whenmyneighbourcameback,hewas

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becausehiskitchenwasburntdown,buthethankedmeforcallingthefiredepartmentandforsavinghis

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.HewantedtogivemesomemoneyinreturnbutIdidnotacceptit.Weekslater,myneighbourrepairedandrestoredhiskitchen.He

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metoseehisnewkitchenandtherehegavemeamedalthathehad

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orderedfromafactory.Itmademefeelveryhappy.21．A．sittingroomB．bathroomC．kitchenD．bedroom22．A．chairB．tableC．bedD．sofa23．A．AfterawhileB．AllthetimeC．OnceinawhileD．Atonce24．A．examineB．searchC．listenD．smell25．A．saidB．shoutedC．receivedD．smiled26．A．walkedB．rushedC．jumpedD．stepped27．A．answerB．lightC．soundD．fire28．A．takeoutB．takeupC．breakdownD．breakinto29．A．andB．butC．becauseD．so30．A．LuckilyB．SadlyC．UnfortunatelyD．Suddenly31．A．runB．spreadC．flowD．return32．A．gladB．sadC．sickD．angry33．A．childrenB．parentsC．lifeD．pets34．A．orderedB．beggedC．advisedD．invited35．A．mainlyB．particularlyC．speciallyD．naturally三、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式Asinglecasestudyisn'tenoughtoproveanything.It'snotclearifthemedication,calledremdesivir,actuallyhelpedthepatient,orifhisimprovementwasacoincidence.Butit'soneofafewdrugs,

36．

(include)acombinationofanti-HIVdrugs,

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doctorsthinkmighthelppatientswiththenewcoronavirus.RemdesivirwasdevelopedbythepharmaceuticalcompanyGileadasatreatment38．Ebola.Researchgroupsidentifiedthedrugaspotentialcandidateforthetreatmentofcoronavirusesintheaftermathofthe2012MERSoutbreak,

39．anothernewcoronavirusspreadthroughtheMiddleEast.Testsonthenewcoronavirusshowthatremdesivirblocks

40．activity,too,atleastinthelab.Thatresult,

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(couple)withthepositiveoutcomesintheWashingtonpatient,wereenoughforGileadtolaunchalargerclinicaltrialofthedruginnewcoronaviruspatients.Thecompanywilltestitinagroupof270patientsinBeijing—onegroupwill

42．(give)thedrug,andonegroupanother.Thedrugisn'tapprovedbyanyotherregulatorybody.

43．,italreadywentthroughsafetytestingduringtheEbolaoutbreakin2014and2015.That'swhyGileadisabletotestitinsickpatients

44．(immediate).Theresultsfromtheremdesivirtrialcouldturnoutthatnoneofthedrugsareeffectiveintreatingthenewvirus.Butthatthereareoptions

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(avail)isatestamenttoalltheresearchthat'sbeendonebefore.四、書信寫作46．假設你是某高中學生李華，你的美國筆友Tom邀請你下周去他們學校參加文化交流活動，并向外國朋友介紹中國書法。但你忙于準備高考，不得不謝絕。請根據(jù)下面要點用英語給Tom寫一封電子郵件，包括以下內容：

1.謝絕邀請及理由；

2.推薦你的朋友王明參加活動，并說明原因。

注意：1.詞數(shù)在100左右，信的開頭結尾已寫好，不計入總數(shù)。

2.可適當增加細節(jié)以使行文連貫。

DearTom,IamLiHua.Iammorethanpleasedtoreceiveyourinvitationtotheculturalexchangeprogramheldinyourschoolnextweek.

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______________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、書面表達47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一個完整的短文。Tyler,myson,hasapassionforplayingbasketball.Healwaysasksmetotakehimtothegymanhourbeforepracticebegins.Ioftenhavetoconvincehimtoleavethegymafterpracticeisover.Despitenotbeingthemosttalentedplayer,hestillwontwotrophies(獎杯),oneforhisteam,secondplaceandtheotherforhimself,aspecialaward.Thestoryofwinningthetwotrophiesbeganwhenhewastenyearsold.Thefirstgameoftheseasonarrived.Thegymwassurprisinglycrowded.Isawthehappylookinmyson’seyeswhenhesawmesittinginthestands.AsIwatchedtheotherkidsrunningupanddownthecourt,Isawmysonsittingonthebench.Bythefourthquarter,Tylerhadn’teventouchedtheball,andhisteamhadwon