重慶市主城區(qū)七校2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)含解析

2022—2023學(xué)年高2025屆（上）期末考試

英語(yǔ)試題

考試說(shuō)明：1.考試時(shí)間120分鐘

2.試題總分150分

3.試卷頁(yè)數(shù)10頁(yè)

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱

讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatdoesthewomanenjoydoingnow?

A.Playingchess.B.Playingthepiano.C.Singing.

2.WhereisDrBrown,sOffice?

A.Onthefifthfloor.B.Onthesixthfloor.C.Ontheeighthfloor.

3.Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutthewoman?

A.Sheisold.B.Sheisshort.C.Sheisbeautiful.

4.Howmanytimeshasthewomanseenthefilm?

A.Twice.B.Fourtimes.C.Eighttimes.

5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheexhibition?

A.Itiswonderful.B.Itisuninteresting.C.Itisdisappointing.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whydoesthewomancongratulatetheman?

A.Hecandrivewellnow.B.Hegothisfirstcar.C.Heboughtasportscar.

7.Wherearethespeakersgoing?

A.Tothebeach.B.Totheman,shouse.C.Toacarrepairshop.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whatmakesthegirlnervous?

A.Thecomingtest.B.Beinglateforschool.C.Herunfinishedhomework.

9.Whydoesthegirlwanttoeatfishporridge?

A.Itwillcalmherdown.

B.Itwillhelpherthinkclearly.

C.Itisthemostsatisfyingfood.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Thecolorsoftheclothestheyarewearing.

B.Thecolorsoftheirclassrooms.

C.Theeffectsofcolorsonpeople.

11.Whatcoloristheweightroom?

A.Red.B.Blue.C.Pink.

12.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthecolorred?

A.Itincreasespeople,sheartrates.

B.Itmakespeopleangry.

C.Ithelpspeoplerelax.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.What,swrongwiththegirl?

A.Sheisill.B.Sheistired.C.Sheisanxious.

14.Wherewillthegirlbestudying?

A.InLondon.B.InBeijing.C.InNewYork.

15.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Classmates.

16.Howwillthegirlprobablycommunicatewithherparents?

A.Bywritingletters.B.Bymakingphonecalls.C.Byusingtheinternet.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whafsthepurposeofthetalk?

A.Toadvertiseashop.

B.Toasklistenerstomakedonations.

C.Toshareaheart-warmingstorywithlisteners.

18.Whydopeopleliketheshop?

A.Itsellscheaperitems.

B.Itisconvenient.

C.Ithasdifferentproducts.

19.Whatdidthespeakergetfromthegirl?

A.Sevencoins.B.Asmalltoyhorse.C.Aplasticbracelet.

20.Howdidthespeakerfeelintheend?

A.Ashamed.B.Delighted.C.Disappointed.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Communitypartnersneedyou!

SwissvaleFarmersMarket

We,relookingforstudentstohelpussetupandtakedownourtentandspendthemorningunderthetent

withus.Activitiesincludesomeheavylifting（optional）,engagingwithcommunitymembers,pickinguplitter,

handlingsmallsalesandlotsofbreaks!

Time:September10,20228:30am-1:15pm

FoodPantryDistribution

TheCHSFoodPantryneedsvolunteerstoassistduringpreparationanddistribution（分發(fā)）eachweek.This

involvessortingfood,stockingshelves,preparingtheoutdoormarket,andassistingfamilies.Customerservice

skillsareimportantasvolunteersmaybeassistingfamiliesdirectly.Understandingdifferentsocioeconomicand

culturalbackgroundsishelpful.

Ifinterestedinvolunteering,pleasecontactColinMcWhertor（cmcwhertor@or412-246-1639）.

Time:September1,2022-December22,2022Wednesday:1:30pm-6:00pmThursday:1:30pm-6:00

pm

GarbageOlympics2022

JoinusforGarbageOlympics!APittsburghwidecompetitionbetweenneighborhoodstoseewhocangetthe

mostlitterandgarbageoffourbelovedcitystreets!Thisyear,Wearecompetingagainsteachotheraswellasthe

entirecity!TeamsA,B,andCwillracetoseewhocangetthemostgarbagecollected!

We,∏haveallthesuppliesready,andwillexplaintherulestoeveryonebeforetheeventstarts.

Time:September17,20228:00am-11:00am

1.WhatdoSwissvaleFarmersMarketprojectandGarbageOlympics2022haveincommon?

A.Bothstartfrom8:00amintheneighborhoods.

B.Bothincludesettinguptents.

C.Bothrequirevolunteerstogatherrubbish.

D.Bothinvolveteamcompetitions.

2.WhatisrequiredofanapplicantfortheCHSFoodPantry?

A.Customerserviceskills.

B.Adegreeinsocialeconomics.

C.Workexperiencesatafoodcompany.

D.Adifferentculturalbackground.

3.Whereareyoumostlikelytoreadthisarticle?

A.Inaresearchreport.B.Inasocialmagazine.

C.Inatravelbrochure.D.Atavolunteermatchingwebsite.

【答案】1.C2.A3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾個(gè)社區(qū)活動(dòng)的招募廣告。

【1題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)SwissvaleFarmersMarket部分中“Activitiesincludesomeheavylifting（optional）,engaging

WithCOmmUnitymemberS,pickinguplitter.（活動(dòng)包括一些拎重物（可選），與社區(qū)成員接觸，撿垃圾。）”以及

GarbageOlympics2022部分中“APittsburghwidecompetitionbetweenneighborhoodstoseewhocangetthe

mostlitterandgarbageoffourbelovedcityStreets!（—■場(chǎng)匹茲堡社區(qū)間的比賽，看誰(shuí)能從我們心愛(ài)的城市街

道上清除最多的垃圾和垃圾!）”可知，兩個(gè)活動(dòng)的共通之處在于清除垃圾。故選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FoodPantryDistribution部分中“Customerserviceskillsareimportantasvolunteersmaybe

assistingfamiliesdirectly.（客戶服務(wù)技能很重要，因?yàn)橹驹刚呖赡苤苯訋椭彝ァ＃笨芍?，在申?qǐng)?jiān)摶顒?dòng)

中，掌握客戶服務(wù)技能很重要。故選A。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“Communitypartnersneedyou!（社區(qū)伙伴需要你!）"可知，文章介紹了三個(gè)社

區(qū)活動(dòng)的招募廣告，三個(gè)活動(dòng)招募的都是志愿者。故推斷文章出自于尋找志愿者網(wǎng)站。故選D。

B

Threeverystrongwomen—mymother,mygrandmotherandMelinda—deservebigcreditforhelpingme

becomethemanIamtoday.ButBlancheCaffiere,averykindteacherandlibrarianΓveneverwrittenaboutbefore,

alsohadahugeinfluenceonme.

Mrs.Caffierediedin2006,shortlyafterreachingher100thbirthday.Beforeshepassedaway,Ihadan

opportunitytovisitherandthankherfortheimportantrolesheplayedinmylife.

WhenIfirstmetMrs.Caffiere,shewastheelegantandengagingschoollibrarianatSeattle,sViewRidge

Elementary,andIwasafourthgrader.Iwasdesperatelytryingtogounnoticed,becauseIhadsomebig

weaknesses,likedySgraphia（書(shū)寫(xiě)障礙）,andhadatotallymessydeskwithbooksaround.AndIwastryingto

hidethefactthatIlikedtoread—somethingthatwascoolforgirlsbutnotforboys.

Mrs.Caffieretookmeunderherwingsandhelpedmakeitokayformetobeamessy,nerdyboywhowas

readinglotsofbooks.SheDUlIedmeOUtOfmyshell.Shestartedbyaskingquestionslike,44Whatdoyouliketo

read?”andtfcWhatareyouinterestedin?”Thenshefoundmealotofbooks.Forexample,shegavemegreat

biographiesshehadread.OnceΓdreadthem,shewouldmakethetimetodiscussthemwithme."Didyoulike

thebook?Why?Whatdidyouleam?^^ShelistenedtowhatIhadtosaypatiently.Throughthosebook

conversationsinthelibraryandintheclassroomwebecamegoodfriends.

Teachersgenerallydon,twanttoburdentheirstudentswithextrareadingbeyondthehomeworkthey,ve

given.ButIlearnedfromMrs.Caffierethatmyteachershadsomuchknowledgetoshare.Lookingbackonit,

there,snoquestionthatmytimewithMrs.Caffierehelpedsparkmyinterestinlibrariesandmyfocusonhelping

everychildinAmericagetthebenefitofgreatteachers.Ishouldgivegreatthankstothedevotedteacherand

librarianwhohelpedmefindmystrengthswhenIwasnineyearsold.It,sremarkablehowmuchpoweronegood

personcanhaveinshapingthelifeofachild.

4Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthewriterwhenhewasinhisfourthgrade?

A.ElegantandengagingB.Shyanduntidy

C.WeakanddesperateD.Curiousandfriendly

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4probablymean?

A.Sheforcedthewritertoreadmorebooks.

B.Shehelpedthewritertoovercomehisweaknesses.

C.Sheturnedthewriterintoabooklover.

D.Sheencouragedthewriternottohidehisloveofreading.

6.WhatdoweknowaboutMrs.Caffiere?

A.Shehadthegreatestinfluenceonthewriter.

B.Sheinfluencedthewriter,sdecisiononhelpingAmericanchildren.

C.Sheusedtogivethewritertoomuchhomeworktohelphimlearn.

D.Shehadn,tseenthewritersincehelefttheschool.

7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ATeacherWhoChangedMyLife.

B.TheStoryofaKindTeacher.

C.MySchoolLifewithGreatTeachers.

D.EveryStudentDeservestoBeEncouraged.

【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇記敘文。害羞、不整潔的作者羞于讓人知道自己喜歡閱讀，此時(shí)遇到學(xué)校的老師兼

圖書(shū)管理員BlanCheCaffiere太太，她鼓勵(lì)作者閱讀，表達(dá)，大方展示出對(duì)閱讀的喜歡，老師的做法對(duì)作

者產(chǎn)生了極大的影響，也導(dǎo)致了作者在未來(lái)的關(guān)于幫助美國(guó)兒童的決定，可見(jiàn)一個(gè)好的老師對(duì)孩子的影

響力是非凡的。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"Iwasdesperatelytryingtogounnoticed,becauseIhadsomebigweaknesses,like

dysgraphia（書(shū)寫(xiě)障礙）,andhadatotallymessydeskwithbooksaround.（我拼命地想不被人注意，因?yàn)槲矣幸?/p>

些很大的弱點(diǎn)，比如書(shū)寫(xiě)障礙，而且桌子上堆滿了書(shū)）”可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)因?yàn)樽陨碛袝?shū)寫(xiě)障礙等弱點(diǎn)，很

不自信，不希望大家關(guān)注他，回避眾人的關(guān)注，而且課桌上書(shū)本凌亂堆放。故選B項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)"AndIwastryingtohidethefactthatIlikedtoread—somethingthatwascoolforgirlsbut

notforboys.（我試圖掩蓋我喜歡閱讀的事實(shí)——一些對(duì)女孩來(lái)說(shuō)很酷，但對(duì)男孩來(lái)說(shuō)不太合適的東

西。）”可知，作者喜歡看書(shū)，但是不想被人知道；第四段"Mrs.Caffieretookmeunderherwingsand

helpedmakeitokayformetobeamessy,nerdyboywhowasreadinglotsOfbookS.（卡菲埃太太對(duì)我呵護(hù)有

加，幫助我（知道）成為一個(gè)遨遢、書(shū)呆子、讀了很多書(shū)的男孩沒(méi)什么大不了）”可知，卡菲埃太太改變

了作者的觀點(diǎn)，喜歡閱讀不是壞事，以及下文“Shestartedbyaskingquestionslike,'Whatdoyouliketo

read??and1Whatareyouinterestedin?'Thenshefoundmealotofbooks.Forexample,shegavemegreat

biographiesshehadread.OnceI,dreadthem,shewouldmakethetimetodiscussthemwithme.*Didyoulikethe

book?Why?WhatdidyouIeam?'ShelistenedtowhatIhadtosaypatiently.（她首先問(wèn)了這樣的問(wèn)題：i你

喜歡讀什么書(shū)？'以及‘你對(duì)什么感興趣？’然后她給我找了很多書(shū)。例如，她給了我她讀過(guò)的偉大傳

記。一旦我讀了，她就會(huì)抽出時(shí)間和我討論。'你喜歡這本書(shū)嗎？為什么？你學(xué)到了什么？'她耐心地

聽(tīng)我說(shuō)。）”可知，卡菲埃太太鼓勵(lì)作者讀書(shū)，還耐心跟作者交流。由此推知，Shepulledmeoutofmy

she∏,是指卡菲埃太太通過(guò)鼓勵(lì)作者讀書(shū)、交流，使作者從“試圖掩蓋喜歡閱讀的事實(shí)”轉(zhuǎn)為“能與老師

進(jìn)行閱讀交流”的男孩，老師鼓勵(lì)作者大方展示出對(duì)閱讀的喜愛(ài)。故選D項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段aLookingbackonit,there,snoquestionthatmytimewithMrs.Caffierehelped

sparkmyinterestinlibrariesandmyfocusonhelpingeverychildinAmericagetthebenefitofgreatteachers.I

shouldgivegreatthankstothedevotedteacherandlibrarianwhohelpedmefindmystrengthswhenIwasnine

yearsold.It,sremarkablehowmuchpoweronegoodpersoncanhaveinshapingthelifeofaChiId.（現(xiàn)在回想起

來(lái)，毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，我和卡菲埃太太在一起的時(shí)光激發(fā)了我對(duì)圖書(shū)館的興趣，并讓我專注于幫助美國(guó)的每一

個(gè)孩子都能從優(yōu)秀教師那里受益。我要非常感謝那位盡心盡力的老師兼圖書(shū)管理員，在我9歲時(shí)，她幫

助我發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己的長(zhǎng)處。一個(gè)好人能對(duì)一個(gè)孩子的一生產(chǎn)生多大的影響，這是不可思議的）”可知，卡菲

埃太太對(duì)作者影響很大，她的引導(dǎo)最終影響了作者關(guān)于幫助美國(guó)兒童的決定。故選B項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段最后一句"ButBlancheCafifiere,averykindteacherandlibrarianI've

neverwrittenaboutbefore,alsohadahugeinfluenceonme.（但布蘭奇?卡菲埃，一位非常善良的老師和圖書(shū)

管理員，我以前從未寫(xiě)過(guò)，對(duì)我也有巨大的影響）”可知，本文介紹了一位影響作者人生方向的老師兼圖

書(shū)管理員，卡菲埃太太。故選A項(xiàng)。

C

Thesportyall-electriccarfromtheNetherlandsresemblesaBMWcoupe,butisunique:Ilcapturesmore

carbonthanitemits.

fckOurendgoalistocreateamoresustainablefuture,,,saidJensLahaije,financemanagerforTU/ecomotive,

theEindhovenUniversityofTechnologystudentteamthatcreatedthecar.

CalledZEM,forzeroemissionmobility,thetwo-seaterhousesaCleantronlithium-ion（鋰離子）batterypack,

andmostofitspartsare3D-printedfromrecycledplastics,Lahaijesaid.Thetargetistominimizecarbondioxide

emittedduringthecar,sfulllifespan,frommanufacturingtorecycling,headded.

BatteryelectricvehiclesemitvirtuallynoCO?duringoperationcomparedwithfuelvehicles,butbatterycell

productioncancreatesomuchpollutionthatitcantakeEVs（ElectricVehicles）tensofthousandsofmilestoachieve

ttcarbonparity（相等）“withcomparablefossil-fueledmodels.

4?DirectaircaptureisafairlynewmethodofcleaningtheairbycapturingCO2intoafilter（過(guò)濾器）.Wehave

madeuseofthisinnovativetechnologyandimplementedthisinourcaι?Theideaisverysimple:whilewe,redriving

airwillmovethroughourself-designedfiltersandtheCO2willbecapturedandstored.,,

ZEMusestwofiltersthatcancaptureupto2kilogramsofCO2over20,000milesofdriving,theEindhoven

teamestimated.Theyimagineafuturewhenfilterscanbeemptiedatchargingstations.

ThestudentsareshowingtheirvehicleonaUSpromotionaltourtouniversitiesandcompaniesfromtheEast

CoasttoSiliconValley.

8.WhatdoesthearticletellusaboutZEM?

A.Thefbur-seaterisequippedwithalithium-ionbatterypack.

B.Allofitspartsaremodernplastics.

C.Theprocessofmanufacturingthecarcreateslittlepollution.

D.TheCO2canbecaughtandstoredwhilewe,redriving.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword4?emif,meaninparagraph4?

A.takeinB.giveoffC.putasideD.clearoff

10.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph5?

A.Whatchallengesthestudentsmet.

B.Howthestudentsgotthisidea.

C.Howthisinnovativetechnologyworks.

D.Howthistechnologycanbeimproved.

11.What,sthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.ANewly-inventedSportyCarHasGainedGreatPopularity.

B.All-electricCarorFuel-engineCar?

C.DutchStudentsDeviseCarbon-eatingElectricVehicle.

D.TheAdvantagesoftheSportyAll-electricCar.

【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹荷蘭EindhoVenUniVerSityofTeChnology的學(xué)生團(tuán)隊(duì)研發(fā)了一款

能吸收碳的電動(dòng)汽車(chē)。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Thesportyall-electriccarfromtheNetherlandsresemblesaBMWcoupe,butis

unique:Itcapturesmorecarbonthanitemits.（這輛來(lái)自荷蘭的運(yùn)動(dòng)型全電動(dòng)汽車(chē)類似于寶馬雙門(mén)跑車(chē)，但很

獨(dú)特：它捕獲的碳比排放的碳多）”和倒數(shù)第三段的wTheideaisverysimple:whilewe,redriving,airwill

movethroughourself-designedfiltersandtheCO2willbecapturedandStOred.（這個(gè)想法很簡(jiǎn)單:當(dāng)我們開(kāi)車(chē)

時(shí)，空氣將通過(guò)我們自行設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)濾器，二氧化碳將被捕獲并儲(chǔ)存）”可知，關(guān)于ZEM文章告訴我們，

駕駛時(shí)二氧化碳會(huì)被捕獲并保存。故選D。

【9題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后“butbatterycellproductioncancreatesomuchpollutionthatitcantakeEVs

（ElectricVehicles）tensofthousandsofmilestoachieve??carbonparity（相等）“withcomparablefossil-fueled

models.（但電池的生產(chǎn)會(huì)造成大量污染，因此電動(dòng)汽車(chē)需要行駛數(shù)萬(wàn)英里才能實(shí)現(xiàn)“碳當(dāng)量”與化石燃料

模型相當(dāng)）”中表示轉(zhuǎn)折意義的but可知，全句是指“對(duì)比燃油汽車(chē)，電動(dòng)汽車(chē)幾乎不會(huì)排放二氧化碳，

但生產(chǎn)電池時(shí)所產(chǎn)生的污染相當(dāng)于燃油汽車(chē)行駛數(shù)萬(wàn)英里所帶來(lái)的污染量”，由此可知emit意為“排

放”,與giveoff同義。故選B。

【10題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“"DirectaircaptureisafairlynewmethodofcleaningtheairbycapturingCO2into

afilter（過(guò)濾器）.Wehavemadeuseofthisinnovativetechnologyandimplementedthisinourcar.Theideais

veιysimple:whilewe,redriving,airwillmovethroughourself-designedfiltersandtheCO2willbecapturedand

StOred."（“直接空氣捕獲是一種通過(guò)將CO2捕獲到過(guò)濾器中來(lái)清潔空氣的新方法（過(guò)濾器）,我們已經(jīng)利用了

這項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新技術(shù)，并將其應(yīng)用于我們的汽車(chē)中。這個(gè)想法很簡(jiǎn)單：當(dāng)我們開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)，空氣將通過(guò)我們自行設(shè)

計(jì)的過(guò)濾器，二氧化碳將被捕獲并儲(chǔ)存。“）”可知，本段主要介紹了這種創(chuàng)新技術(shù)的工作原理。故選

Co

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，并結(jié)合第一段“Thesportyall-electriccarfromtheNetherlandsresemblesa

BMWcoupe,butisunique:Itcapturesmorecarbonthanitemits.（這輛來(lái)自荷蘭的運(yùn)動(dòng)型全電動(dòng)汽車(chē)類似于寶

馬雙門(mén)跑車(chē)，但很獨(dú)特：它捕獲的碳比排放的碳多）”可知，文章主要介紹荷蘭EindhoVenUniVerSityof

TeChnology的學(xué)生團(tuán)隊(duì)研發(fā)了一款能吸收碳的電動(dòng)汽車(chē)。因此C項(xiàng)“荷蘭學(xué)生發(fā)明減碳電動(dòng)汽車(chē)”可以

作為本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。

D

Architectshavelonghadthefeelingthattheplacesweliveincanaffectourthoughts,feelingsandbehaviors.

Butnowscientistsaregivingthisfeelinganempirical（實(shí)證的）basis.Theyarediscoveringhowtodesignspace

thatpromotescreativity,keepspeoplefocusedandleadstorelaxation.

Researchersshowthataspectsofthephysicalenvironmentcaninfluencecreativity.In2007,JoanMeyers-

LevyattheUniversityofMinnesota,reportedthattheheightofaroom,sceilingaffectshowpeoplethink.Her

researchindicatesthathigherceilingsencouragepeopletothinkmorefreely,whichmayleadthemtomakemore

abstractconnections.Lowerceilings,ontheotherhand,mayinspireamoredetailedoutlook.

Inadditiontoceilingheight,theviewaffordedbyabuildingmayinfluenceaperson'sabilitytoconcentrate.

NancyWellsandhercolleaguesatCornellUniversityfoundintheirstudythatkidswhoexperiencedthegreatest

increaseingreennessasaresultofafamilymovemadethemostgainsinastandardtestofattention.Accordingto

anotherstudyattheUniversityofGeorgia,usingnaturetoimprovethefocusofattentionseemstopayoff

academically.Theyfoundthatstudentsinclassroomwithunblockedviewsofatleast50feetoutsidethewindow

hadhigherscoresintestsofvocabulary,languageartsandmathsthanthosestudentswhoseclassroomsprimarily

overlookedroadsandparkinglots.

Arecentstudyonroomlightingdesignsuggeststhatdim（暗淡的）lighthelpspeopletoloosenup.Ifthatis

truegenerally,keepingthelightlowduringdinneroratpartiescouldincreaserelaxation.ResearchersofHarvard

MedicalSchoolalsodiscoveredthatfurniturewithroundededgescouldhelpvisitorsrelax.

Sofarscientistshavefocusedmainlyonpublicbuildings.uWehaveaverylimitednumberofstudies,sowe,re

almostlookingattheproblemthroughastraw,,,architectDavidAllisonsays,??Howdoyoutakeanswerstovery

specificquestionsandmakebroad,generalizeduseofthem?Thafswhatwe,reallstrugglingwith.^^

12.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?

A.Lowerceilingsmaypromotecreativity.

B.Lowerceilingsmakepeoplethinkmorefreely.

C.Higherceilingsinspirecreativethinking.

D.Higherceilingsencouragepeopletofocusondetails.

13.Wherearestudentsmorelikelytogethighergrades?

A.Intheclassroomwithdimlight.

B.Intheclassroomwithround-edgedfurniture.

C.Intheclassroomclosetoroadsorparkinglots.

D.Intheclassroomsuιτoundedbyopengreenness.

14.WhatcanWeinferfromarchitectDavidAllison,swords?

A.Moreresearchesneedtobedonetoworkoutgeneralizedpatterns.

B.Scientistshaveaverylimitednumberofstudies.

C.Theproblemistoodifficultforresearcherstosolve.

D.Theresearchhasgivenexactanswerstotheproblem.

15.Whafsthetextmainlyabout?

A.Theimportanceofhousedesign.

B.Scientificresearchesonspacedesign.

C.Theeffectsofceilingdesign.

D.Anewtrendofspacedesign.

【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章一項(xiàng)科學(xué)調(diào)查，調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)我們居住的環(huán)境可以影響我們的想法、感覺(jué)和

行為。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Herresearchindicatesthathigherceilingsencouragepeopletothinkmore

freely,whichmayleadthemtomakemoreabstractconnections.Lowerceilings,ontheotherhand,mayinspirea

moredetailedoutlook.（她的研究表明，更高的天花板鼓勵(lì)人們更自由地思考，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致他們建立更抽

象的聯(lián)系。另一方面，較低的天花板可能會(huì)激發(fā)更詳細(xì)的前景）”可知，高的天花板，可以促進(jìn)人們自由

的思考，建立抽象的聯(lián)系，從而更具有創(chuàng)造性。故選Co

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的第三段“Theyfoundthatstudentsinclassroomwithunblockedviewsofatleast50feet

outsidethewindowhadhigherscoresintestsofvocabulary,languageartsandmathsthanthosestudentswhose

classroomsprimarilyoverlookedroadsandparkinglots.（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，與那些教室主要忽略道路和停車(chē)場(chǎng)的學(xué)生

相比,在窗戶外至少50英尺處視野暢通的教室里的學(xué)生在詞匯、語(yǔ)言藝術(shù)和數(shù)學(xué)測(cè)試中得分更高）”可知，

視野暢通的教室有利于學(xué)生獲得更高的分。故選D。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"''Wehaveaveιylimitednumberofstudies,sowe,realmostlookingatthe

problemthroughastraw,,,architectDavidAllisonsays,44Howdoyoutakeanswerstoveryspecificquestionsand

makebroad,generalizeduseofthem?That'swhatwe,reallstrugglingwith.,,（a我們的研究數(shù)量非常有限，所

以我們幾乎是在用稻草來(lái)看待這個(gè)問(wèn)題，”建筑師大衛(wèi)?艾利森說(shuō)，“你如何回答非常具體的問(wèn)題，并

廣泛、廣泛地使用這些問(wèn)題？這就是我們都在努力解決的問(wèn)題。“）”可推知，我們的研究數(shù)量有限，所

以需要更多的研究來(lái)找出廣義模式。故選A。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Architectshavelonghadthefeelingthattheplacesweliveincanaffectour

thoughts,feelingsandbehaviors.（建筑師長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直認(rèn)為，我們居住的地方會(huì)影響我們的思想、感受和行

為）”可知，本文主要介紹了我們居住的地方會(huì)長(zhǎng)期的影響我們的思想、感受和行為，即空間設(shè)計(jì)的科學(xué)

研究。故選B。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Thethoughtofanaturaldisastercanbefrightening,butpreparingforthemostlikelydisasters,suchas

tornadoes,hurricanes,floods,fires,andwinterstorms,isnecessary.16Youcandevelopanemergencyplan

foryourfamilyincaseofanaturaldisaster,includinghouseholdinformation,out-of-towncontactsandschool,

workplace,andchildcarecontactinformationandemergencyfirstaid.Addyourevacuationroutesandshelterplans

aswell.

Moreimportantly,youhavetomonitorpotential（潛在的）disasters.17Watchnewsandweather

reportsinyourregionsothatyoucanbeawareofpotentialdisastersinthearea.Youcanalsodownloadappsfor

yoursmartphonethatwillwarnyouofpotentialdisastersnearyourlocation.

18Ifyourfamilyisatriskforexposuretoanaturaldisaster,explaintothemwhat,shappening.

Reviewyouremergencypreparednessplansothateveryoneknowswhattodointheeventofadisaster.

Thirdly,tracktheprogressofforthcomingdisasters.Checkbackwithyournewsstationfrequentlysothat

you,llbeawareofchangesinweatherorconditionsthatcouldalterthecourseofadisaster.19Inthisway,

you,11bewellinformedofwhat,shappening.

Finally,evacuatebeforedisasterstrikes,ifpossible.Ifdangeriscominginyourarea,evacuatebeforeitstrikes.

20Sobesuretofollowtheirinstructions.Ifyouaren,tabletoevacuate,shelterinplaceuntilit,ssafeto

leavethearea.

A.Forinstance,creatingaplanisagoodidea.

B.Makeacontactcardforeachmemberofthefamily.

C.Secondly,preparefamilymembersforwhatmayhappen.

D.Youmaynotknowwhatkindofdisasterisabouttostrike.

E.Toachievethis,firstly,identifypotentialthreateningsituations.

F.Yourlocalauthoritymayorderevacuationsifanaturaldisasteriscoming.

G.Signuptoreceivealertsorupdatesfromyourlocalgovernmentorweatherservice.

【答案】16.D17.E18.C19.G20.F

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章建議家庭制定一個(gè)應(yīng)急計(jì)劃，以防發(fā)生自然災(zāi)害。

【16題詳解】

上文“Thethoughtofanaturaldisastercanbefrightening,butpreparingforthemostlikelydisasters,suchas

tornadoes,hurricanes,floods,fires,andwinterstorms,isnecessary.（想至IJ自然災(zāi)害可能會(huì)讓人害怕，但為最可

能發(fā)生的災(zāi)難做好準(zhǔn)備，如龍卷風(fēng)、颶風(fēng)、洪水、火災(zāi)和冬季風(fēng)暴，是必要的）”說(shuō)明各種各樣的自然災(zāi)害

都有可能發(fā)生，選項(xiàng)D“你可能不知道什么樣的災(zāi)難即將來(lái)臨。”承接上文，說(shuō)明自然災(zāi)害是無(wú)常的，人

們可能不知道會(huì)遇到什么樣的災(zāi)難。故選D項(xiàng)。

【17題詳解】

上文"Moreimportantly,youhavetomonitorPOtentiaI（潛在的）disasters.（更重要的是，你必須監(jiān)控潛在的災(zāi)

難）”說(shuō)明監(jiān)控潛在災(zāi)難的重要性，選項(xiàng)E“要做到這一點(diǎn)，首先，識(shí)別潛在威脅的情況。”承接上文，建

議識(shí)別潛在威脅的情況。選項(xiàng)中PotentiaIthreateningSitUatiOnS和上文中PotentialdiSaSterS語(yǔ)義一致。故選E

項(xiàng)。

【18題詳解】

下文“Ifyourfamilyisatriskforexposuretoanaturaldisaster,explaintothemwhat,shappening.Reviewyour

emergencypreparednessplansothateveryoneknowswhattodointheeventOfadiSaSter.（如果你的家人有遭受

自然災(zāi)害的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，向他們解釋要發(fā)生什么。回顧你的應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備計(jì)劃，以便每個(gè)人都知道在災(zāi)難發(fā)生時(shí)該做

什么）”建議要讓家人對(duì)災(zāi)難都有所準(zhǔn)備，選項(xiàng)C“其次，讓家庭成員為可能發(fā)生的事情做好準(zhǔn)備?！备爬?/p>

本段大意，說(shuō)明要讓家人有所準(zhǔn)備。故選C項(xiàng)。

【19題詳解】

下文"Inthisway,you'llbewellinformedofwhat,shappening.（用這種方法，你會(huì)很清楚將會(huì)發(fā)生什么事）”

說(shuō)明這種方法能清楚將來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生什么事，選項(xiàng)G“注冊(cè)接收當(dāng)?shù)卣驓庀蠓?wù)的警報(bào)或更新?！焙拖挛?/p>

存在因果關(guān)系。下文中IhiSWay指選項(xiàng)中所提供的方法，語(yǔ)義一致。故選G項(xiàng)。

【20題詳解】

下文“Sobesuretofollowtheirinstructions.（所以一定要聽(tīng)從他們的指示）“說(shuō)明要聽(tīng)從指揮，選項(xiàng)F”如

果自然災(zāi)害即將來(lái)臨，當(dāng)?shù)卣赡軙?huì)下令疏散?！焙拖挛拇嬖谝蚬P(guān)系。下文中代詞their指代選項(xiàng)中

Yourlocalauthority,語(yǔ)義一致。故選F項(xiàng)。

第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最

佳選項(xiàng)。

Thetrainersinmygymaremainlystudents,workingalongsidetheirstudiesatthelocalsportandhealth

university,somostofthemare21young.

Beingoneoftheirregular22,IoftenofferedanopenearespeciallywhenI23thatsomeof

themwereuncertainaboutsomething,“coaching“acoupleofthem,whentheyhadtomake24orhad

problemswithworketc.UsuallyIdon,thearbackifit25.

Buttodaymytrainertoldmethathehada26formefromanothertrainerwhorecentlystoppedworking

atthegym.

Shehadquitealongcommute（通勤）andWe27aboutherstaying,leaving,anotherjob,howtoexplain

ittohercurrentbossetc.Theownerofthegymcanbepretty28andmadeupquitealotofstuffabout

anotheremployeewholeft,29hisreputation.

SotodayIlearnedthatshe30andwenttogetanotherjobwitha31commute,butshewasn,t

slandered（i氐毀）liketheotherguy.She32meashorthandwrittennote,roughlytranslatinginto:4?thankyou

forthehelpin33mymindandespeciallyforhelpingmetofindtheright34formyboss."Itmade

my35!Iamhappyshecouldleavewithoutillfeelings.

21.A.obviouslyB.specificallyC.fairlyD.likely

22.A.customersB.trainersC.ownersD.employees

23.A.listenedB.talkedC.masteredD.sensed

24.A.mistakesB.decisionsC.changesD.suggestions

25.A.workedB.mattered