河北省承德市2023-2024學年高二上學期期末考試英語試題（含答案解析）

承德市高中2023—2024學年第一學期高二年級期末考試英語試卷注意事項：1．答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19．15．B．￡9．18．C．￡9．15．答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whichplacedoesthemanadvisethewomantogothrough?A.Themainstreet． B.Themuseum． C.Thepark．【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:CanIgettothemuseumifItakethemainstreet?M:Yes,butitisfasterifyougothroughthepark．2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Haveatrip． B.Goshopping． C.Brushteeth．【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Doyouhaveeverythingyouneedforyourtrip?W:Ihavealmosteverything.Justbuymeatoothbrush．3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues． B.Couples． C.Classmates．【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hey,canIborrowyourhistorybook?I’llgiveitbacktomorrow．M:Sorry,Ineedtouseittonight.Wehavethatbigtestcominguptomorrow,youknow．4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inapark． B.Inanapartmentbuilding． C.Inaclassroom．【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.Doyouhaveanyroomsforrent?W:Yes.Wehaveasmallone-bedroomonthetopfloor.Isthatwhatyouarelookingfor?M:Iwashopingforsomethinglarger.Ineedtosharetheapartmentwitharoommate．5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whendotheman’sclassesend?A.At3pm． B.At4pm． C.At5pm．【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Whysoearly?M:Early?It’s7o’clocknow.Schoolstartsat8:45inthemorningandendsat3intheafternoon．W:Inmycountry,wegotoschoolfrom8amto5pm．M:Unbelievable!第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatarethespeakersdoingnow?A.HavinganEnglishclass．B.HavinganEnglishparty．C.PerforminganEnglishdrama．7.WhenwasShakespeareborn?A.In1654． B.In1564． C.In1456．【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:Boysandgirls,inthisperiod,wearegoingtointroduceShakespeare.DoyouknowShakespeare?M:Yes.HewasafamousBritishwriterandpoet.W:Doyouknowwhenandwherehewasborn?M:HewasborninStratford-on-Avonin1564.W:Howmanydramashadhewritten?M:37,ofwhichKingHenryVI,Hamlet,RomeoandJulietareallveryfamous．W:Yes.Youdidagoodjob．聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhatwaswrongwithTom?A.Hewashitbyataxi.B.Hehurthishead.C.Hefellillwithhearttrouble.9.Whatdidthewomando?A.Shecalledthedoctor.B.ShecheckedTomcarefully.C.ShetookTomtothehospital.【答案】8.C9.C【解析】【原文】M:Couldyoutellmewhathappened?W:Sure.Wewereinataxi.Tomwasshowingmearoundthecitywhenhesaidhehadapaininhischestandhefeltdizzy.Ithoughtthatitwasprobablyhisheart,soItoldhimweshouldhaveacheck.Andhereweare.M:Yousaidtherightthing.Hehashearttrouble.Thankyouverymuchforcomingherewithhim.W:Oh,that’sallright.Doyouknowhowlonghewillbeinhospital?M:Notyet.I’mgoingtotalktothedoctornow.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whydoesthemantalkwiththewoman?A.Tocheckin. B.Torentaroom. C.Tochangearoom.11.Howlongwillthemanstay?A.Sevendays. B.Thirteendays. C.Tendays.12.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Holdaconference. B.Haveameal. C.Buyaguidebook.【答案】10.A11.C12.B【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?M:Goodmorning.Ithinkthereshouldbearoombookedforme,inthenameofTonyMarshall.W:Umm,justamoment.Yes,asingleroom?M:That’sright.Weareattendingaconferencehere.W:Yes.Isitfortendays?Isthatright?M:Yes,untilthethirteenth.That’stendays.W:Right.Mr.Marshall,youareinroom207.M:Thankyouverymuch.DoyouhaveaguidebookofManchester?Iwanttogooutlater.W:Yes,hereyouare.M:Andcanyourecommendanygoodplacestoeat?I’mhungrynow.W:Whydon’tyoutryChinatown?ThereareplentyofgoodChineserestaurantsthere.M:Oh,IloveChinesefood.Thanks.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Howdidthemangetthere?A.Bytrainandbycar． B.Bytrainandbybus． C.Byplaneandbycoach．14.Whereisthemanfrom?A.Liverpool． B.London． C.Brighton．15.Wherewillthemeetingfornewstudentsbeheld?A.Inthecanteen．B.IntheCommonRoom．C.InRoom501．16.Whoisthewomanprobably?A.Ateacher． B.Anewstudent． C.Theman’smother．【答案】13.B14.C15.B16.A【解析】【原文】W:Hello.Youmustbeanewstudent.DoyoufinditOK?M:Well,IgotabitlostbecauseIamastranger.ButIgotiteventually.W:Oh,dear.Whereareyoufrom?M:FromBrighton.Iwasstayingwithmybrother.W:Howdidyougethere?M:Mybrothertookmetotherailwaystation.AndIgotonabusatthisend.W:Well,you’dbettertellmeyournamesothatIcanfindyourform.M:It’sMarkBum.W:OK.Andhereisthekeytoyourroom.It’s501.M:Thanks.HowdoIgetthere?W:Gototheendofthispassage,turnleftandit’sthethirddoorontheright.M:Thankyou.Oh,thereisameetingfornewstudents.Whattimeisthat?W:HalfpastfiveintheCommonRoomonthegroundfloor.M:Thanksalot.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Hismajor． B.Hishobby． C.Hisjob．18.Wheredidthespeakerwatchbirdslastyear?A.Nearthelake． B.Intheforest． C.Inthemountains．19.Whichofthefollowinghelpsthespeakerinbirdwatching?A.Atent． B.Aflashlight． C.Aguidebook．20.Whydoesthespeakerlikebirdwatching?A.Ithelpshimexerciseandrelaxmind．B.Itletshimenjoynaturalscenery．C.Itteacheshimtoprotectbirds．【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.A【解析】【原文】M:Lastyear,Itookupthehobbyofbirdingorbirdwatchingaftermyfriendtookmeouttoobservesomebirdsnearthelake.Basically,birdinginvolvesobservingbirdsintheirnaturalhabitat.Iusuallygooutwithaguidebookinthemorningsbecausemostbirdsareveryactiveinfindingfoodatthattime.BecauseI’mnewtobirding,Iusemybirdguidebooktolookupcertainkindsofbirds.Ihavetolookcarefullyattheirfeathers,thewaytheybehaveandmoveandtheirsizetorecognizemanybirdsbecausesomelookverysimilar．Besideslookingatbirds,IliketheactivitybecauseitgivesmeachancetoexerciseasItraveltodifferentplaces,anditallowsmetorelaxmymindinthegreatoutdoors．第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ABristolOldVicWhentheTheatreRoyal(nowBristolOldVic)wasbuilt,electricityhadn’tbeendiscovered.Forover250yearsthepeoplewhohaveowned,workedinsideandvisitedthetheatrehavekeptrecordsabouttheiractivity.ThesearekeptsafeattheUniversityofBristolTheatreCollection,andyou’lldiscoverarangeofdocumentswhichrecordthehistoryofthetheatre,fromitsfoundationin1764upuntilthepresentday.Herearesomeofthem.BEGINNINGIn1764businessmenAlexanderEdgarandThomasSymonssuggestedbuildinganewtheatrebetweenBaldwinStreetandthebackofCoopers’HallinKingStreet.Theestimatedcostwasf2,000tobesplitamong40subscribers,butthebuildingworkcostmorethanexpected.Owningsharesallowedthemtoinfluencedecisionsaboutthetheatre.SILVERTICKETEachoftheoriginalBristolOldVicshareholderswasgivenasilverticketthatpromisedsightofanyperformanceheldatthetheatre.Astheholderswerecleverbusinessmen,theyinsistedthatthesilverticketscouldbeloanedortraded.Thisenabledthemtomakesomeextramoneybutmadeitextremelydifficultforthetheatremanagerstokeeptrackofwhowasallowedtoseeshowsforfree.250THBIRTHDAYInMay2016,thetheatrecelebratedits250thbirthday!Astheoldestcontinuously-workingtheatreintheEnglish-speakingworld,itdeservedaproperparty,soBristol-basedLimbicCinemawashiredtocreateafilmofthetheatre’shistoricalhighlightswhichwasprojected(放映)ontothetheatreitself.21.Wherecanyoufindthethreementioneddocuments?A.AtBaldwinStreet.B.AtCoopers’HallinKingStreet.C.AttheUniversityofBristolTheatreCollection.D.AtBristol-basedLimbicCinema.22.Howwasthetheatre’s250thbirthdaycelebrated?A.BymakingafilmprojectedintheatresacrossEngland.B.BybuildingBristol-basedLimbicCinema.C.Byreleasingsilverticketinmemoryofthebirthday.D.Bycreatingafilmaboutitshistory.23.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.TointroducesomeinformationofBristolOldVic.B.Tochangepeople’sviewonBristolOldVic.C.Torecommendamovierelatedtothetheatre.D.Tocomparethetheatreandothers.【答案】21.C22.D23.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹一些關(guān)于布里斯托爾老維克劇院的信息?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ThesearekeptsafeattheUniversityofBristolTheatreCollection,andyou’lldiscoverarangeofdocumentswhichrecordthehistoryofthetheatre,fromitsfoundationin1764upuntilthepresentday.Herearesomeofthem.(這些都被安全地保存在布里斯托爾大學劇院收藏中，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)一系列記錄劇院歷史的文件，從1764年成立到現(xiàn)在。下面是其中的一些。)”可知，你可以在布里斯托爾大學劇院收藏中發(fā)現(xiàn)上面提到的三個文件。故選C?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Astheoldestcontinuously-workingtheatreintheEnglish-speakingworld,itdeservedaproperparty,soBristol-basedLimbicCinemawashiredtocreateafilmofthetheatre’shistoricalhighlightswhichwasprojected(放映)ontothetheatreitself.(作為英語國家中最古老的持續(xù)運作的劇院，它值得一個適當?shù)呐蓪?，所以布里斯托爾的Limbic影業(yè)被雇來制作一部關(guān)于劇院歷史亮點的電影，并投射到劇院本身。)”可知，劇院250歲生日的慶祝方式是制作一部關(guān)于其歷史的電影。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“WhentheTheatreRoyal(nowBristolOldVic)wasbuilt,electricityhadn’tbeendiscovered.Forover250yearsthepeoplewhohaveowned,workedinsideandvisitedthetheatrehavekeptrecordsabouttheiractivity.ThesearekeptsafeattheUniversityofBristolTheatreCollection,andyou’lldiscoverarangeofdocumentswhichrecordthehistoryofthetheatre,fromitsfoundationin1764upuntilthepresentday.Herearesomeofthem.(當皇家劇院(現(xiàn)在的布里斯托爾老維克)建成時，電還沒有被發(fā)現(xiàn)。250多年來，擁有劇院、在劇院工作和參觀過劇院的人們一直記錄著他們的活動。這些都被安全地保存在布里斯托爾大學劇院收藏中，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)一系列記錄劇院歷史的文件，從1764年成立到現(xiàn)在。下面是其中的一些。)”可推知，文章主要目的是為了介紹一些關(guān)于布里斯托爾老維克劇院的信息。故選A。BSarahwasnotanearlyriser.Butwhatmadetheannoyingearlymorninghoursbearablewasthecomfortingsmelloffreshcoffeefloatingintheair.Herfavoritecoffeeshopwasjustafewminutesawayfromherapartment.Onesunnymorning,Sarahrushedtogetdressed.Havingajobinterview,shefeltanxious,afraidtobelate.Shegrabbedhercarkey,dashedoutofthedoorandmadeherwaytoherfamiliarcoffeeshopasusual.Asshejoinedthelineofcarsatthedrive-through,thesmellofroastedcoffeebeansandthethoughtofthefirsttasteofcoffeewereherlittledailyluxury.Thelineinchedforward,andsoon,Sarahfoundherselfatthedrive-throughwindow.Shereachedforherpursetopay,butbeforeshecouldhandoverhercreditcard,thecoffeeshopassistantsmiledandsaid,“Yourcoffeehasbeencoveredbythecaraheadofyou.”Sarahwastakenaback.“Really?”sheasked,feelingastonishedandgrateful.Theassistantnodded.Theunexpectedactofkindnessputasmileonherface,makingherupcominginterviewfeelalittlerelaxing.Assheexitedthedrive-through,Sarahglancedinherrearviewmirror(后視鏡)atthenextcarapproachingthecoffeeshopwindow.Anideabegantocomeintohermind.Maybeshecoulddothesameandbrightensomeoneelse’smorning.Shedecidedtoreturntothecoffeeshop.Inside,sheapproachedthecashierandsaid,“I’dliketopayforthecoffeeofthepersoninthecarbehindme.”Theassistantsmiledandnoddedagain.AsSaraheventuallyleftthecoffeeshop,Sarahcouldn’thelpbutwonderhowthenextdriverwouldreact.AwaveofsatisfactionwashedoverSarahasshewitnessedthecontinuationofthecoffeechain.Sheknewshehadjustinitiatedachainofgenerosityandkindness.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutSarahfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Sheledalifeofluxury. B.Sheusedtogetupearly.C.Shewasnervousabouttheinterview. D.Shewasnewtothecoffeeshop.25.WhydidSarahgobacktothecoffeeshop?A.Tofindoutwhopaidforhercoffee. B.Toorderherselfanothercupofcoffee.C.Toseewhatwasexactlyhappeningthere. D.Tobuycoffeeforthedriverbehindher.26.HowdidSarahfeelwhenshefinallyleftthecoffeeshop?A.Ambitious. B.Content. C.Awkward. D.Suspicious.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Achainofcoffeeshops. B.Anunforgettableinterview.C.Thekindnessfromanassistant. D.Thepowerofpayingitforward.【答案】24.C25.D26.B27.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了莎拉某天早上去面試路上去一家咖啡店買咖啡，結(jié)果付錢的時候被告知咖啡被前面的人付過了，莎拉十分驚訝和感激，于是也為后面的司機付了咖啡錢?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Havingajobinterview,shefeltanxious,afraidtobelate.(有一個工作面試，她感到焦慮，害怕遲到)”可知，莎拉對面試很緊張。故選C?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Shedecidedtoreturntothecoffeeshop.Inside,sheapproachedthecashierandsaid,“I’dliketopayforthecoffeeofthepersoninthecarbehindme.”(她決定回到咖啡店。進去后，她走近收銀員說：“我想為我后面那輛車里的人買咖啡?！?”可知，莎拉回到咖啡店是為了給后面的司機買咖啡。故選D?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“AwaveofsatisfactionwashedoverSarahasshewitnessedthecontinuationofthecoffeechain.(當薩拉看到咖啡連鎖店人們繼續(xù)排隊時，一陣滿意的情緒涌上心頭。)”可知，當莎拉最終離開咖啡店時，她感到滿足。故選B。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Shereachedforherpursetopay,butbeforeshecouldhandoverhercreditcard,thecoffeeshopassistantsmiledandsaid,“Yourcoffeehasbeencoveredbythecaraheadofyou.”Sarahwastakenaback.“Really?”sheasked,feelingastonishedandgrateful.Theassistantnodded.Theunexpectedactofkindnessputasmileonherface,makingherupcominginterviewfeelalittlerelaxing.(她伸手去掏錢包準備付款，但還沒等她把信用卡遞給店員，店員就笑著說：“你的咖啡已經(jīng)被前面那輛車付了。”薩拉吃了一驚?！罢娴膯?？”她問，既驚訝又感激。店員點點頭。這一意想不到的善舉讓她臉上露出了笑容，讓她覺得即將到來的面試有點放松。)”以及最后一段“Sheknewshehadjustinitiatedachainofgenerosityandkindness.(她知道她剛剛開啟了慷慨和善良的鏈條。)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了莎拉某天早上去面試路上去一家咖啡店買咖啡，結(jié)果付錢的時候被告知咖啡被前面的人付過了，莎拉十分驚訝和感激，于是也為后面的司機付了咖啡錢?？芍@篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是傳遞愛的力量。故選D。CAnewstudywarnsthatmorethanafifthofallreptile(爬行動物)speciesarethreatenedwithextinctionwhichmayhaveabadimpactontheplanet.Thelargesteveranalysisofthestateoftheworld’sreptiles,publishedinNature,hasshowedthat21%ofthereptilespeciesarefacingextinction.Thestudysaysfromlizardstosnakes,suchalosscouldhavedisastrousimpactsonecosystemsaroundtheworld.Althoughmanyreptilesliveindryenvironmentssuchasdeserts,mostspeciesoccurinforests,wheretheysufferfromthreatssuchasloggingoflandforagriculture.30%oftheforest-dwellingreptilesareatriskofextinction,comparedwith14%indryhabitats.Huntingisalsoamajorthreattoreptiles,especiallyturtlesandcrocodiles,manyofwhichareatriskofextinction.Anothermajorcontributingfactoristheintroductionofinvasivespecies.“Ifweremovedreptiles,itcouldchangeecosystemsfundamentally,withunfortunateknock-oneffects,suchasincreasesinpestinsects,”saidNeilCox,co-leaderofthestudy.“Biodiversity,includingreptiles,supportstheecosystemservicesthatprovideahealthyenvironmentforpeople.”O(jiān)urhopeisthatthisfirst-everassessmentoftheworld’s10,000-plusreptileshelpsputtheminthespotlightandgoessomewaytohighlightingthisdiversity,andjusthowmuchwehavetolose.Aswellascontrollingrats,mosquitoesandotherpests,reptilesdelivermanyotherbenefits.“Theyhelpspreadseeds,especiallyinislandenvironments,”saidresearcherHoffmann.“We’vealsoachievedmanymedicaladvancesfromstudiesofreptiles.”Theresultsofthestudyarenotalldoomandgloom.Scientistshavefound,surprisingly,thatiftheysetouttoprotectplaceswherethreatenedbirds,mammalsandamphibians(兩棲動物)livetogether,they’llmeanwhileprotectmanymorethreatenedreptiles.28.Whichisthemainconcernraisedbythenewstudy?A.Theoverpopulationofreptiles. B.Thelossofreptiles.C.Thesharpincreaseinreptilespecies. D.Thedisastrousinfluenceofreptilesonnature.29.Howmanyfactorscausingtheextinctionofspeciesarementionedinparagraph3?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.30.WhatdidNeilCoxandHoffmannbothsayaboutreptiles?A.Theirbenefits. B.Theirhabitats.C.Theirlivinghabits. D.Theirhealthproblems.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“doomandgloom”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Disappointing. B.Odd. C.Satisfactory. D.Amazing.【答案】28.B29.C30.A31.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。一項新的研究警告說，超過五分之一的爬行動物物種面臨滅絕的威脅，這可能對地球產(chǎn)生不良影響。文章介紹了導致爬行動物滅絕的因素以及爬行動物的益處?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Anewstudywarnsthatmorethanafifthofallreptile(爬行動物)speciesarethreatenedwithextinction,whichmayhaveabadimpactontheplanet.(一項新的研究警告說，超過五分之一的爬行動物物種面臨滅絕的威脅，這可能對地球產(chǎn)生不良影響。)”可知，這項新研究提出的主要擔憂是爬蟲類動物的消失。故選B。【29題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Althoughmanyreptilesliveindryenvironmentssuchasdeserts,mostspeciesoccurinforests,wheretheysufferfromthreatssuchasloggingoflandforagriculture.30%oftheforest-dwellingreptilesareatriskofextinction,comparedwith14%indryhabitats.Huntingisalsoamajorthreattoreptiles,especiallyturtlesandcrocodiles,manyofwhichareatriskofextinction.Anothermajorcontributingfactoristheintroductionofinvasivespecies.(雖然許多爬行動物生活在沙漠等干燥環(huán)境中，但大多數(shù)物種生活在森林中，在那里它們受到諸如農(nóng)業(yè)用地砍伐等威脅。30%的森林爬行動物面臨滅絕的危險，而干旱棲息地的這一比例為14%。狩獵也是爬行動物的主要威脅，尤其是海龜和鱷魚，其中許多都有滅絕的危險。另一個主要因素是入侵物種的引入。)”可知，第3段提到了三個導致物種滅絕的因素。故選C?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Biodiversity,includingreptiles,supportstheecosystemservicesthatprovideahealthyenvironmentforpeople.(包括爬行動物在內(nèi)的生物多樣性支持為人類提供健康環(huán)境的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務。)”以及倒數(shù)第二段“Theyhelpspreadseeds,especiallyinislandenvironments(它們有助于傳播種子，尤其是在島嶼環(huán)境中)”可知，尼爾·考克斯和霍夫曼提到了爬行動物的益處。故選A?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“Scientistshavefound,surprisingly,thatiftheysetouttoprotectplaceswherethreatenedbirds,mammalsandamphibians(兩棲動物)livetogether,they’llmeanwhileprotectmanymorethreatenedreptiles.(令人驚訝的是，科學家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果他們開始保護受威脅的鳥類、哺乳動物和兩棲動物共同生活的地方，他們同時也會保護更多受威脅的爬行動物。)”可知，后文提到了更多受威脅的爬行動物會受到保護，說明這項研究的結(jié)果并不都是令人失望的。故劃線詞意思是“令人失望的”。故選A。DWealllovebutterflies.Theirbeautifulwingsattractus,andtheirpresencelightsupourgarden.Well,that’sourviewofbutterflies,buthaveyoueverwonderedwhatplantsthinkofthem?Thebutterflies’eggslieontheundersideoftheleaves.Theeggsthemselvesdon’tdamageplants.However,uponcomingintocontactwiththeeggs,theplantsbecomeoversensitive.Itmeansthatonceaplantrecognizesapest,itwillcausedeathinthecontactedplantpart.Whenthesedeadleavesorpartialleafpartsbreakawayfromtheplant,theeggsonthemfalloff.Alongwiththehypersensitivityresponse,plantsalsoproducesomethingspecial,whichcanattractanimalstocattheeggs,thuspreventingdamageinthefuture.Afterthebabybutterfliescomeoutoftheireggs,thecaterpillar(毛蟲)stagebegins.Mostcaterpillarsfeedontheleavesoftheplants,damagingsomeoftheplantsinyourowngarden.Incredibly,theyaremajorplantpeststhatbringaboutmajorlossestofarmers.Thenextstageispupa(蛹).Thecaterpillarsbegintheirchangeintoanadult.Theydon’tdependontheenergythattheleavesprovide.Finally,theybecomeadultbutterfliesthathavewingsandmovefromoneplanttotheother.Theyfeedonthesweetliquidproducedbyflowers.Whileontheirsearchforfood,thebutterfliescarrypollen(花粉)ontheirbody.Theyarekeypollinatorsthatplacepollenfromoneflowertoanotherinecosystem.Plantsthathaveflowerswillcreatesomespecialfeaturestodrawthesepollinators’attention.Certainplantshaveflowersgivingoffsmellsthatcancharmbutterflieswhentheyarelookingforamate.Someplantsevenhaveflatflowerstoassistbutterflieswhenlanding.Butterfliesaidinpollinationduringtheirfinaladultstage.Thus,theychangeintobeneficialinsectstoplants.Thischangemakesbutterfliesanimportantfriendofplants,despitebeingahatedenemyinpreviouslifecyclestages!32.Howdoesaplantrespondtobutterflies’eggs?A.Ittriestogetridofthem. B.Ittriestoappealtothem.C.Itgrowsalittlebetterwiththem. D.Itprotectsthemfrombeingeaten.33.Whendobutterfliescausethegreatestdamagetoagriculture?A.Intheperiodofegg-laying. B.Intheperiodofpupa.C.Intheperiodofcaterpillar. D.Intheperiodofadult.34.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?A.Describetheprocessofpollination.B.Showhowflowersattractbutterflies.C.Stresstheimportanceofpollination.D.Explorehowadultbutterfliesdevelop.35.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Whydoflowersneedbutterflies’pollination?B.Howdoplantsdefendthemselvesfrompests?C.Arebutterflies’lifecyclessimilartotheplants’?D.Arebutterfliesbeneficialorharmfultoplants?【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要討論了蝴蝶對植物是有益的還是有害的。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“However,uponcomingintocontactwiththeeggs,theplantsbecomeoversensitive.Itmeansthatonceaplantrecognizesapest,itwillcausedeathinthecontactedplantpart.Whenthesedeadleavesorpartialleafpartsbreakawayfromtheplant,theeggsonthemfalloff.(然而，一旦接觸到卵，植物就會變得過度敏感。這意味著一旦植物識別出害蟲，它就會導致與之接觸的植物部分死亡。當這些枯葉或部分葉從植物上脫落時，上面的卵就會脫落。)”可知，植物試圖擺脫蝴蝶卵。故選A?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Mostcaterpillarsfeedontheleavesoftheplants,damagingsomeoftheplantsinyourowngarden.Incredibly,theyaremajorplantpeststhatbringaboutmajorlossestofarmers.(大多數(shù)毛毛蟲以植物的葉子為食，在你自己的花園里破壞一些植物。令人難以置信的是，它們是給農(nóng)民帶來重大損失的主要植物害蟲。)”可知，蝴蝶的毛毛蟲階段對農(nóng)業(yè)的危害最大。故選C。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Plantsthathaveflowerswillcreatesomespecialfeaturestodrawthesepollinators’attention.Certainplantshaveflowersgivingoffsmellsthatcancharmbutterflieswhentheyarelookingforamate.Someplantsevenhaveflatflowerstoassistbutterflieswhenlanding.(有花的植物會創(chuàng)造出一些特殊的特征來吸引這些傳粉者的注意。某些植物的花朵散發(fā)出氣味，可以吸引尋找配偶的蝴蝶。有些植物甚至有扁平的花朵來幫助蝴蝶著陸。)”可知，作者在第四段主要展示了花朵如何吸引蝴蝶。故選B。35題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Wealllovebutterflies.Theirbeautifulwingsattractus,andtheirpresencelightsupourgarden.Well,that’sourviewofbutterflies,buthaveyoueverwonderedwhatplantsthinkofthem?”(我們都喜歡蝴蝶。它們美麗的翅膀吸引著我們，它們的出現(xiàn)照亮了我們的花園。好吧，這就是我們對蝴蝶的看法，但是你有沒有想過植物是怎么看待它們的？)”和文章最后一段“Butterfliesaidinpollinationduringtheirfinaladultstage.Thus,theychangeintobeneficialinsectstoplants.Thischangemakesbutterfliesanimportantfriendofplants,despitebeingahatedenemyinpreviouslifecyclestages!(蝴蝶在它們最后的成蟲階段幫助授粉。因此，它們變成了植物的益蟲。這種變化使蝴蝶成為植物的重要朋友，盡管在以前的生命周期階段是一個討厭的敵人！)”可知，文章主要討論了蝴蝶對植物是有益的還是有害的。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Self-criticism(自我批評)isamentalhabitofnegativelyanalyzingandjudgingourselvesandouractions.Ifwedon’tfindawaytoovercomeself-criticism,wewon’tbeabletoliveahappyandsatisfyinglife.____36____.StopNegativeThoughtsThoughtstoppingisoneofthebestsecretsofhowtoovercomeself-criticism.Interruptingyourthoughtshelpsyouchangehowyouthinkaboutyourself,thushelpingyoufeelbetter.____37____.However,withenoughpractice,youwillmakeit.____38____Anotherstrategyistoreplacenegativeself-criticalthoughtswithpositiverealisticstatements.Forinstance,ifyousetagoal,berealisticaboutitbygivingyourselfenoughtimetoachieveit.Infact,havingaconstantdesiretoachieveimmediatesuccesscanruinyourconfidence.AvoidPerfectionismAnothersecretistoletgooftheneedtobeperfect.It’sallrighttosethighstandardsforyourself.____39____.Inaddition,desiringtobeperfectineverythingyoupursuecanpreventyourprogress.StopComparingYourselftoOthers____40____.However,it’simportanttonotethatcomparingyourselftoyourpeers,friends,orfamilycanincreasedissatisfactionandunhappiness.Thatsaid,thebesttiponhowtoovercomeself-criticismistopracticeself-acceptance.A.BerealisticB.FocusonstrengthsC.It’snormaltofeellikethateveryonehasabetterlifethanyouD.Rememberit’sfromyourmistakesthatyougettoimproveyourselfE.Ifyou’vebeenstuckinnegativethoughts,here’swhatyouneedtodoF.It’simportanttonotethatchangingyournegativethoughtpatternscantaketimeG.However,fallingshortofyourgoalsandexpectationscanmakeyoufeelworthless【答案】36.E37.F38.A39.G40.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些克服自我批評的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Self-criticism(自我批評)isamentalhabitofnegativelyanalyzingandjudgingourselvesandouractions.Ifwedon’tfindawaytoovercomeself-criticism,wewon’tbeabletoliveahappyandsatisfyinglife.(自我批評是一種消極地分析和評判自己和我們的行為的心理習慣。如果我們找不到克服自我批評的方法，我們將無法過上幸福和滿意的生活。)”和下文小標題介紹的方法可知，空處承上啟下，說明要介紹一些克服自我批評的方法。E項中的“negativethoughts”與上文的“self-criticism”對應。E項：Ifyou’vebeenstuckinnegativethoughts,here’swhatyouneedtodo.(如果你一直陷在消極的想法中，這是你需要做的。)符合語境。故選E。【37題詳解】根據(jù)段落小標題“StopNegativeThoughts.(停止消極的想法)”和下文“However,withenoughpractice,youwillmakeit.(然而，通過足夠的練習，你會做到的。)”可知，停止消極的思維方式需要時間練習。F項中的“negativethoughts”與標題對應。F項：It’simportanttonotethatchangingyournegativethoughtpatternscantaketime.(重要的是要注意，改變你的消極思維模式需要時間。)符合語境。故選F?！?8題詳解】空處為段落小標題。根據(jù)下文“Anotherstrategyistoreplacenegativeself-criticalthoughtswithpositiverealisticstatements.(另一個策略是用積極的現(xiàn)實的陳述取代消極的自我批評想法。)”可知，本段建議要現(xiàn)實一點。下文中的“realisticstatements”和A項中的“realistic”對應。A項：Berealistic.(現(xiàn)實一點。)符合語境。故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“It’sallrighttosethighstandardsforyourself.(給自己定個高標準沒什么大不了的。)”和下文“Inaddition,desiringtobeperfectineverythingyoupursuecanpreventyourprogress.(此外，追求完美的欲望會阻礙你的進步。)”可知，空處和上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，和下文并列，一起說明追求完美的不利之處。G項：However,fallingshortofyourgoalsandexpectationscanmakeyoufeelworthless.(然而，達不到你的目標和期望會讓你覺得自己毫無價值。)符合語境。故選G。【40題詳解】根據(jù)下文“However,it’simportanttonotethatcomparingyourselftoyourpeers,friends,orfamilycanincreasedissatisfactionandunhappiness.(然而，重要的是要注意，將自己與同齡人、朋友或家人比較會增加不滿和不快樂。)”可知，空處和下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明和別人進行比較是正常的。C項：It’snormaltofeellikethateveryonehasabetterlifethanyou.(覺得每個人都比你過得好是很正常的。)符合語境。故選C。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Dressedinakachhad,atraditionalNepaleseclothes,UmeshBalalwalkedintohismeetingsatthe28thUnitedNationsClimateChangeConference(COP28)onclimatechangeinDubaiwithasenseofdetermination.Balal,whohasphysicaldisability,wastheretopublicly____41____inclusionofdisabilityrightsintheclimatechangeconference,anaspectthathesaidhaslongbeen____42____byorganizersoftheworld’slargestannualmeetingonclimateissues.Asastudent,Balalwas____43____aboutscienceandinvolvedhimselfinresearchonenvironmentalscience.Thosewerehisfirstfewi