廣東省普通高中南粵名校2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期學(xué)科綜合素養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)2月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題(解析版)

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省普通高中南粵名校2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期學(xué)科綜合素養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)2月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳〖答案〗。A2023IllustrationCompetitionEnterthecompetitionmostrespectedandadmiredintheindustryforcreativityinillustration,theCommunicationArtsIllustrationCompetition.Selectedbydistinguishedprofessionals,thewinningentrieswillbedistributedworldwideintheCommunicationArtsIllustrationAnnualandoncommarts.com,ensuringimportantexposureofthecreations.EachwinnerwillreceiveaprofessionalizedAwardofExcellence;madefromsolidaluminum,andanawardcertificate.CommunicationArt’sAwardofExcellenceisoneofthemostdesiredawards.Ifchosen,winningplacesyouinthehighestranksofyourprofession.WhatToEnterWithAnyillustrationfirstpublishedorproducedfromJan.2022toJan.2023isqualified.Entriesmayoriginatefromanycountry.DescriptionsinEnglisharenecessaryforthejudgestoread.EntriesCanBeSubmittedInTheFollowingFormatsDigitalImages:RGBimagesinJPGformatwithamaximumfilesizeof2MB.GIFimagesmaybelivelier,butwouldbeturneddown,andsowouldthePNGones.MotionEntries:InMOV,MP4orMPGformat,withamaximumfilesizeof500MB.IllustrationCompetitionCategories&EntryFeesCategorySingleIllustrationSeriesofIllustrationsBooks(covers,jacketsetc.)$40$80(limitof5)Motion(mediaforfilms,videos,etc.)$90$180(limitof3)StudentWork$20(Image)$45(Video)$40(Images,limitof5)$90(Video.limitof3)Formorecategories,pleasedownloadthecategoryPDF.LateFeesEntriesmustberegisterednolaterthanJan.13,2023.Entriesregisteredafterthatdatewillbechargedafeeof$10each.NoentriescanberegisteredafterJan,27,2023.1.Whatattractsyoutoenterthecompetition?A.Highrecognitionintheindustry.B.Exposuretodistinguishedworks.C.Communicationwithprofessionals.D.ApersonalizedAwardofExcellence.2.Whichofthefollowingentriesmaybeaccepted?A.AnewlyproducedvideoinMKV.B.Aseriesforjacketsof4illustrations.C.AsingleforstudentworkinChinese.D.APNGimagewithafilesizeof2MB.3.Howmuchshouldbepaidfor2videoillustrationssubmittedonJan.23,2023?A.$180. B.$190. C.$200. D.$210.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了2023年插畫比賽的相關(guān)信息?！即鸢浮?.A2.B3.C【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“EachwinnerwillreceiveaprofessionalizedAwardofExcellence;madefromsolidaluminum,andanawardcertificate.CommunicationArt’sAwardofExcellenceisoneofthemostdesiredawards.Ifchosen,winningplacesyouinthehighestranksofyourprofession.(每位獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)邔@得專業(yè)化的卓越獎(jiǎng)；由實(shí)心鋁制成，以及一份獲獎(jiǎng)證書。傳播藝術(shù)的卓越獎(jiǎng)是最受歡迎的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)之一。如果被選中，獲勝將使你處于職業(yè)生涯的最高級(jí)別)”可知，比賽的獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)呖梢蕴幱诼殬I(yè)生涯的最高級(jí)別，這就意味著獲得行業(yè)內(nèi)的認(rèn)可，這可能會(huì)吸引人們參加比賽。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IllustrationCompetitionCategories&EntryFees表格中第一列“Books(covers,jacketsetc.)(書籍（封面、夾克等）)”以及第三列“SeriesofIllustrations(系列插圖)”可知，有四幅插圖的夾克系列可能被接受參賽。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IllustrationCompetitionCategories&EntryFees表格中第二行“Motion(mediaforfilms,videos,etc.)(運(yùn)動(dòng)（電影、視頻等媒體）)”、“$180(limitof3)(180美元（限3個(gè)）)”以及最后一段“EntriesmustberegisterednolaterthanJan.13,2023.Entriesregisteredafterthatdatewillbechargedafeeof$10each.

(參賽作品必須在2023年1月13日之前注冊(cè)。在該日期后登記的參賽作品，每件收費(fèi)十美元)”可知，2023年1月23日提交的兩個(gè)視頻插圖需要支付費(fèi)用180+10×2=200美元。故選C。BMilanKundera,oneofthebiggestnamesinEuropeanliteratureinrecentdecades,hasdiedinParisaged94afteralengthyillness.Bornin1929intoaCzech(捷克)family,hestudiedmusicwithhisfather,whowasapianoteacherandastudentofthecomposerJanacek,andensuredKunderareceivedmusicaltrainingatanadvancedlevel.KunderastudiedinPrague,becomingalecturerinworldliterature.HejoinedtherulingCommunistPartyandinitiallyhewasanenthusiasticmember.Buthiswritingsoongothimintopoliticaltrouble.HisfirstnovelTheJoke—ablackcomedypublishedin1967—ledtoabanonhiswritinginCzechoslovakia.In1970hewasaskedtoleavethepartyafterexpressingsupportforthePragueSpringmovement,theperiodofpoliticalmovementcrushedbythe1968Sovietattack.Kundera’spoliticalactionledtohisdismissalfromhisteachingpostandhisnovelswereremovedfrompubliclibraries,andthesaleofhisworkwasbanneduntilthefalloftheCommunistgovernmentin1989.Forashorttime,heperformedasjazztrumpeter,beforeemigratingtoFrancein1975withhiswifeVera,settlingfirstinRennesthenParis.HebecameaFrenchcitizenin1981,twoyearsafterhewasstrippedofhisCzechnationality,andeventuallywroteinFrench.Hesoonsecuredareputationasaground-breakingauthorwithTheUnbearableLightnessofBeing.Thebookwasadaptedforthescreenin1987.“Itseemstomethatallovertheworldpeoplenowadaysprefertojudgeratherthantounderstand,toanswerratherthantoask,”hesharedhisimpressionoftheadaptationwithhisfriendandwriterPhilipRothinTheNewYorkTimesafterwatchingit.“Sothatthevoiceofthenovelcanhardlybeheardoverthenoisyfoolishnessofhumancertainties.”In1985hereceivedtheJerusalemPrize—aprizegiventowriterswhoseworkshavedealtwiththemesofhumanfreedominsociety.AndwhilehewasafrequentcompetitorfortheNobelPrizeforliterature,theawardremaineddistant.4.Accordingtoparagraph2,whatcanbelearnedaboutKundera?A.HestartedthePragueSpringmovement.B.Thesaleofhisbookwasbannedin1989.C.Heexpresseddisagreementwiththerulingparty.D.HecontinuedhisstudiesinmusicwheninPrague.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stripped”inparagraph3mean?A.Robbed. B.Informed. C.Convinced. D.Accused.6.WhatdidKunderathinkoftheadaptedfilm?A.Encouraging. B.Dissatisfied. C.Impressive. D.Doubtful.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A.MilanKundera’sWorks B.ABigNameinLiteratureC.TheJerusalemPrizeWinner D.MilanKunderaDiesAged94【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了著名文學(xué)家米蘭·昆德拉的生平事跡。〖答案〗4.C5.A6.B7.D【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“In1970hewasaskedtoleavethepartyafterexpressingsupportforthePragueSpringmovement,theperiodofpoliticalmovementcrushedbythe1968Sovietattack.Kundera’spoliticalactionledtohisdismissalfromhisteachingpostandhisnovelswereremovedfrompubliclibraries,andthesaleofhisworkwasbanneduntilthefalloftheCommunistgovernmentin1989.(1970年，在表達(dá)了對(duì)布拉格之春運(yùn)動(dòng)的支持后，他被要求退黨，這一時(shí)期的政治運(yùn)動(dòng)被1968年蘇聯(lián)的襲擊所鎮(zhèn)壓。昆德拉的政治行動(dòng)導(dǎo)致他被免職，他的小說也被從公共圖書館撤下，他的作品也被禁止出售，直到1989年政府垮臺(tái)。)”可知，他表達(dá)了對(duì)布拉格之春運(yùn)動(dòng)的支持，被要求退黨，被免職，作品被禁止出售直到執(zhí)政黨垮臺(tái)，由此可推知，他當(dāng)時(shí)的表達(dá)違背了執(zhí)政黨以致受到制裁。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段首句內(nèi)容“Bornin1929intoaCzechfamily,hestudiedmusicwithhisfather(1929年，他出生于一個(gè)捷克家庭，跟隨父親學(xué)習(xí)音樂)”以及“Buthiswritingsoongothimintopoliticaltrouble.(但他的寫作很快就給他帶來了政治麻煩。)”可知，他之前的國(guó)籍應(yīng)是捷克，但是后來出現(xiàn)了政治方面的麻煩。而劃線詞的前文“Forashorttimeheperformedasjazztrumpeter,beforeemigratingtoFrancein1975withhiswifeVera,settlingfirstinRennesthenParis.HebecameaFrenchcitizenin1981…(他曾短暫擔(dān)任爵士小號(hào)手，1975年與妻子維拉移民法國(guó)，先是在雷恩定居，然后在巴黎定居。1981年，他成為法國(guó)公民)”提及他和妻子移民法國(guó)，后來入了法國(guó)國(guó)籍，因此可推知，他之前的捷克國(guó)籍應(yīng)是由于政治方面的問題被剝奪了。那么，劃線單詞“stripped”應(yīng)是“剝奪，撤銷”含義，與選項(xiàng)A“Robbed(剝奪)”一致。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“‘Itseemstomethatallovertheworldpeoplenowadaysprefertojudgeratherthantounderstand,toanswerratherthantoask,’hesharedhisimpressionoftheadaptationwithhisfriendandwriterPhilipRothinTheNewYorkTimesafterwatchingit.‘Sothatthevoiceofthenovelcanhardlybeheardoverthenoisyfoolishnessofhumancertainties.’(“在我看來，如今世界各地的人們更喜歡判斷而不是理解，更喜歡回答而不是提問，”他在觀看后與朋友兼作家菲利普·羅斯在《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》上分享了他對(duì)改編的印象。“因此，在人類確定性的喧鬧愚蠢中，幾乎聽不到小說的聲音?！?”可知，在昆德拉看來，現(xiàn)在全世界的人們喜歡評(píng)判和回答，而不是喜歡理解和提問，小說的聲音被人類嘈雜而愚蠢的聲音淹沒，無法真正展現(xiàn)出來，由此可推知，他認(rèn)為改編的電影過于淺顯，無法體現(xiàn)小說的內(nèi)涵，他對(duì)于改編是不滿意的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，第一段內(nèi)容“MilanKundera,oneofthebiggestnamesinEuropeanliteratureinrecentdecades,hasdiedinParisaged94afteralengthyillness.(米蘭·昆德拉是近幾十年來歐洲文學(xué)界最著名的人物之一，在長(zhǎng)期患病后于巴黎去世，享年94歲。)”點(diǎn)明了文章的主旨內(nèi)容，即，文章主要通過一則昆德拉去世的消息引出講述了昆德拉的生平，因此，選項(xiàng)D“MilanKunderaDiesAged94(米蘭·昆德拉逝世，享年94歲)”可作文章標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。CTwoandahalfmillenniaago,Socratescomplainedthatwritingwouldharmstudents.Socratesdidnothavepeer-reviewedsciencetomakehiscaseabouttheusefulnessoflearningconceptsbyheart.Todayadifferentdebateisragingaboutthedangersofanothertechnology-computersandthetypingpeopledoonthem.Asprimary-schoolpupilsandPhDhopefulsreturnforanewschoolyear,manywilldosowithagreater-than-everrelianceoncomputerstotakenotesandwritepapers.Someparentsofyoungerstudentsaredismayedthattheirchildrenarenotjustencouragedbutrequiredtotakelaptopstoclass.Alineofresearchshowsthebenefitsofan“innovation”aheadofcomputers:handwriting.Studieshavefoundthatwritingonpapercanimproveeverythingfromrecallingarandomseriesofwordstoimpartingabetterconceptualgraspofcomplicatedideas.Handwriting—whichtakeslongerfornearlyalluniversity-levelstudents—forcesnote-takerstosynthesizeideasintotheirownwords.Thisaidsconceptualunderstandingatthemomentofwriting.Butthosetakingnotesbyhandalsoperformbetterontestswhenstudentsarelaterabletostudyfromtheirnotes.Theeffectevenpersistedwhenthestudentswhotypedwereexplicitlyinstructedtorephrasethematerialintheirownwords.Theinstructionwas“completelyineffective”atreducingverbatim(逐字逐句地)note-taking,theresearchersnote:theydidnotunderstandthematerialsomuchasparrotit.Manystudieshaveconfirmedhandwriting’sbenefits,andpolicymakershavetakennote.However,severalschoolsystemsinAmericahavegonesofarastobanmostlaptops.Thisistooextreme.Somestudentshavedisabilitiesthatmakehandwritingespeciallyhard.Nearlyallwilleventuallyneedtypingskills.Andtypingcanimprovethequalityofwriting:beingabletogetideasdownquickly,beforetheyareforgotten,canobviouslybebeneficial.VirginiaBerninger,professorofpsychologyattheUniversityofWashington,isalongtimeadvocateofhandwriting.Butsheisnotapurist.Sincestudentsspendmoretimeondevicesastheyage,shearguesforoccasional“tuningup”ofhandwritinginlaterschoolyears.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dismayed”inparagraph2mean?A.Inspired. B.Disappointed. C.Amazed. D.Confused.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Studentstakingnotesbyhandunderstandthematerialbetter.B.Studentsstudyingfromtheirnotesperformbetterontestslater.C.StudentswhotakenotesintheirownwordspreferhandwritingD.Studentswhotypedcanimitatethematerialinaneffectiveway.10.WhichofthefollowingdoesVirginiaBerningeragreewith?A.Studentsshouldspendmoretimeondevices.B.Studentsshouldtakenotesbyhandatschool.C.Learningtypingskillsatschoolisunnecessary.D.Seniorstudentscantakenotesindifferentways.11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Handwritingismorebeneficialthantyping.B.Schoolsshouldputemphasisonhandwriting.C.Theimportanceofhandwritingisbetterunderstood.D.Handwritingandtypingareequallyimportantatschool.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇議論文。文章討論述了手寫的重要性被逐漸理解?！即鸢浮?.B9.A10.D11.C【8題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞句前文“Asprimary-schoolpupilsandPhDhopefulsreturnforanewschoolyear,manywilldosowithagreater-than-everrelianceoncomputerstotakenotesandwritepapers.(隨著小學(xué)生和博士生重返學(xué)校并開始新的學(xué)年，許多人將比以往任何時(shí)候都更加依賴計(jì)算機(jī)來做筆記和寫論文。)”和后文“Alineofresearchshowsthebenefitsofan‘innovation’aheadofcomputers:handwriting.(一系列研究顯示了一項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)于計(jì)算機(jī)之前的‘創(chuàng)新’的好處：手寫。)”可知，研究表明手寫更有好處，然而很多學(xué)生更加依賴電腦來記筆記和寫論文，這令人失望，從而推知?jiǎng)澗€詞句“Someparentsofyoungerstudentsaredismayedthattheirchildrenarenotjustencouragedbutrequiredtotakelaptopstoclass.(讓一些低年級(jí)學(xué)生的家長(zhǎng)感到dismayed是，他們的孩子不僅被鼓勵(lì)，而且被要求攜帶筆記本電腦上課。)”其中劃線部分意思是“失望的”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Handwriting—whichtakeslongerfornearlyalluniversity-levelstudents—forcesnote-takerstosynthesizeideasintotheirownwords.Thisaidsconceptualunderstandingatthemomentofwriting.(手寫--對(duì)于幾乎所有大學(xué)水平的學(xué)生來說都更耗時(shí)--迫使記筆記的人將想法歸納成自己的語(yǔ)言。這有助于在寫字時(shí)加強(qiáng)對(duì)概念的理解。)”可知，從本段可以推斷出，手寫筆記的學(xué)生能更好地理解材料。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“VirginiaBerninger,professorofpsychologyattheUniversityofWashington,isalongtimeadvocateofhandwriting.Butsheisnotapurist.Sincestudentsspendmoretimeondevicesastheyage,shearguesforoccasional‘tuningup’ofhandwritinginlaterschoolyears.(華盛頓大學(xué)心理學(xué)教授VirginiaBerninger長(zhǎng)期以來一直倡導(dǎo)手寫。但她并不是一個(gè)純粹主義者。由于隨著年齡增長(zhǎng)，學(xué)生們會(huì)花更多的時(shí)間使用電子設(shè)備，因此她主張?jiān)谥蟮膶W(xué)年里時(shí)不時(shí)地對(duì)手寫進(jìn)行‘校準(zhǔn)’。)”可知，VirginiaBerninger會(huì)同意，高年級(jí)學(xué)生可以用不同的方式記筆記。故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第五段“Manystudieshaveconfirmedhandwriting’sbenefits,andpolicymakershavetakennote.(許多研究證實(shí)了手寫的好處，政策制定者也注意到了這一點(diǎn)。)”可知，本文主要論述了手寫的重要性逐漸得到了更好的理解。故選C項(xiàng)。DArmyantsmakeahabitofkillingorganisms,oftenmuchlargerthanthemselves,breakingthemintopiecesanddraggingthembacktotheirbases.Theydon’teateverything.Wastefullwithdiscardedbitsofpreyisafeatureofarmyantbases.Butlittleisknownaboutwhichanimalsmakeuseofarmyantleavings.AsrecountedinapaperinEcology&.Evolution,ChristophvonBeerenattheTechnicalUniversityofDarmstadtandDanielKronauerattheRockefellerUniversityinNewYork,wenttotherainforestsofCostaRicatofindout.Theyfoundanentireecosystemthrivingamongtheleftovers.Monitoringtinyinsectsinarainforestistricky.ButtheresearchershopedmodernDNAanalysistechniquesmightmakethejobmanageable.Workingwithateamofcolleagues,theyfollowedanttrailsbacktotheirbases,finding34sitesintotal.Theresearchersusedahandheldvacuumcleanertosuckupallthebugsatwasteandbroughtthesamplesbacktoafieldlaboratory.Tokeepthetaskmanageable,theteamconfinedthemselvestoexaminingonlythebeetlestheyhadcollected.TheyidentifiedthebeetlestheycouldandranDNAanalysesonthosetheycouldnot.Intotal,theycollected8,364adultbeetles,511beetlelarvaeand24beetleeggs.Thosewerespreadacross91species,severalofwhichwereentirelynewtoscience.Asidefromthatbeingfarmorethananyonehadexpected,thepresenceofthelarvaeandeggsindicatesthattheleftoversarenotsomuchconvenientrestaurantsasfull-onhomes,wherethebeetlesliveouttheirentirelives.Preciselyhowthesespeciesmanagetoavoidbeingeatenthemselvesbytheirarmy-anthostsremainstobedetermined.Dr.vonBeerenspeculatesthatahygieneinstinctthatkeepstheantsfromeatingmaterialthathasbeentakentotheirwasteispartiallyresponsible.Andmanyspeciesofbeetlesareabletoproducecompoundsthatsmelldisgustingtoants.Thechancesarehighthatamongtheseinsectsaresomepredatorstoo,seekingtofeedonunsuspectingscavengers(食腐動(dòng)物)inturn.12.Whatdoarmyantsdowithorganisms?A.Theyconsumesomeoforganisms.B.Theydragorganismstowastepiles.C.Theykillorganismsandeatthemall.D.Theybreakorganismsintodiscardedbits.13.Howdidtheresearchersmakethejobmanageable?A.Byexaminingthebeetlestheyhadsuckedup.B.Byclassifyingtheinsectsintodifferentvarieties.C.ByusingDNAanalysistechniquesonallbeetles.D.ByrunningDNAanalysesontheunknowninsects.14.Whatdidtheresearchersfindafteranalysis?A.Theleftoversarelikerestaurantstothebeetles.B.Theleftoversarejustlikehomestothebeetles.C.Thearmyantskillsomeofthelarvaeandeggs.D.Thelarvaeandeggsareeatenbythearmyants.15.Whatcouldbethetitleofthepassage?A.IntheLeavingstheInsectsAretheKingB.OneInsect’sLeavingsIsAnother’sMealC.WhereThere’reLeavings,There’reInsectsD.WhentheAntsAway,theInsectsWillPlay【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了科學(xué)家研究哪種昆蟲以行軍蟻的殘余食物為食并得到新的發(fā)現(xiàn)。〖答案〗12.A13.A14.B15.B【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Armyantsmakeahabitofkillingorganisms,oftenmuchlargerthanthemselves,breakingthemintopiecesanddraggingthembacktotheirbases.Theydon’teateverything.Wastefullwithdiscardedbitsofpreyisafeatureofarmyantbases.(行軍蟻有一種習(xí)慣，它們會(huì)殺死比自己大得多的生物，把它們撕成碎片，然后拖回自己的基地。它們不是吃掉一切。堆滿被丟棄的獵物碎片的垃圾是行軍蟻基地的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)。)”可知，行軍蟻吃掉獵物中的一部分。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Tokeepthetaskmanageable,theteamconfinedthemselvestoexaminingonlythebeetlestheyhadcollected.(為了使任務(wù)易于管理，研究小組只檢查了他們收集到的甲蟲。)”可知，研究人員是通過檢查他們收集的甲蟲使這項(xiàng)工作易于管理的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Asidefromthatbeingfarmorethananyonehadexpected,thepresenceofthelarvaeandeggsindicatesthattheleftoversarenotsomuchconvenientrestaurantsasfull-onhomes,wherethebeetlesliveouttheirentirelives.(除了這遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出任何人的預(yù)期之外，幼蟲和卵的存在表明，這些殘余食物與其說是方便的餐館，不如說是完整的家，甲蟲在那里度過了一生。)”可知，研究人員在分析后發(fā)現(xiàn)殘余食物就像甲蟲的家。故選B項(xiàng)。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段中“Butlittleisknownaboutwhichanimalsmakeuseofarmyantleavings.(但人們對(duì)哪些動(dòng)物會(huì)利用行軍蟻的剩余物知之甚少。)”和第二段中“Theyfoundanentireecosystemthrivingamongtheleftovers.(他們?cè)跉堄嗍澄镏邪l(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)完整的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。)”可知，本文講述了科學(xué)家研究哪種昆蟲以行軍蟻的殘余食物為食并得到新的發(fā)現(xiàn)。B“一種昆蟲的殘余食物是另一種昆蟲的食物”符合主題，故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Doyoufinditdifficulttofeelcontentinyourowncompany?Doyoufeelpressuretobeconstantlyconnectedtoothers,resultinginoverwhelminganxietywhenyou’realone?Iftheanswerisyes,thenyou’llbepleasedtolearnthattherearetipstohelpyouenjoysolitudewithoutfeelinglonely.FindcompanionshipinyourpassionWhetheryourpassionisart,writing,orknitting,beingaloneisagreatopportunitytogetconnectedtoit.Investingmindful,qualitytimeintodoingsomethingyouloveisbeneficialtoyourmentalhealth.____16____.DesignaplanYoumayfindyourselfjustgoingthroughthemotionsinlife.Whilestructureisagoodthing,itcanalsopreventusfrommovingforward.Whenyou’realone,sitdownwithapenandpaperanddesignaplan.____17____.Itcouldbeassimpleasaimingtosavemoney,orlookingfornewhobbiesandclassestoattend.Beingmindfulaboutthedirectionofyourlifeallowsyoutofeelincontrol.____18____Oneofthebiggestconsequencesoffindingyourselfaloneisthatyoumayautomaticallybelieveyou’rebored.____19____.Climbthatmountainyoualwayswantedtoclimborliftthoseweightsyoualwayswantedtolift.Dosomethingthatyouseeasachallengeandthenfocusyourmentalenergyonachievingthegoalofcompletingit.PracticeMeditationPleaseunderstandthatlonelinessisafeeling,oneyoucantakecontrolof.Ifyou’reasocialpersonmostofthetime,whenyou’realoneyourbrainmaybeguiltyofconvincingyouthere’ssomethingwrong.____20____.Breathe...Takingtimetofocusonyourbreathandmeditatehasproventobeagreatwaytoreducethosefeelingsofhopelessnessandworry.A.ChallengeyourselfB.DoyourfavoritesportsC.ThisisfarfromthecaseD.Itdoesn’tneedtobealife-changingplanE.Thenyou’remorelikelytosucceedincareerF.Therefore,youbecomeworriedanddesiretobearoundsomeoneG.Itkeepsyoufocused,thusreducinganxietyandhelpingtokeepyouhappy【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章給獨(dú)處的人提供了一些建議，可以幫助享受獨(dú)處而不感到孤獨(dú)?！即鸢浮?6.G17.D18.A19.C20.F【16題詳析】上文“Investingmindful,qualitytimeintodoingsomethingyouloveisbeneficialtoyourmentalhealth.(用心投入高質(zhì)量的時(shí)間去做你喜歡的事情對(duì)你的心理健康有益。)”說明用心去做喜歡的事情有益身心，選項(xiàng)G“它能讓你集中注意力，從而減少焦慮，幫助你保持快樂”承接上文，具體說明做喜歡的事情對(duì)身心的好處。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】上文“Whenyou’realone,sitdownwithapenandpaperanddesignaplan.(當(dāng)你獨(dú)自一人的時(shí)候，坐下來，拿起筆和紙，設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)計(jì)劃。)”建議設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)計(jì)劃；選項(xiàng)D“它不需要是一個(gè)改變?nèi)松挠?jì)劃”承接上文，解釋這個(gè)計(jì)劃不必多么宏偉。選項(xiàng)中plan和前文詞匯重疊，語(yǔ)義相關(guān)，故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】設(shè)空處為小標(biāo)題；下文（段末）“Dosomethingthatyouseeasachallengeandthenfocusyourmentalenergyonachievingthegoalofcompletingit.(做一些你認(rèn)為是挑戰(zhàn)的事情，然后集中精力去完成它。)”說明本段主題是建議做一些挑戰(zhàn)的事情，選項(xiàng)A“挑戰(zhàn)自己”概括本段，符合主題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】上文“Oneofthebiggestconsequencesoffindingyourselfaloneisthatyoumayautomaticallybelieveyou’rebored.(發(fā)現(xiàn)自己獨(dú)處的最大后果之一是，你可能會(huì)自動(dòng)認(rèn)為自己很無聊。)”說明自己獨(dú)處可能感到無聊，選項(xiàng)C“事實(shí)遠(yuǎn)非如此”否定上文，引出下文“Climbthatmountainyoualwayswantedtoclimborliftthoseweightsyoualwayswantedtolift.(爬上你一直想爬的山，或者舉起你一直想舉起的重物。)”說明，獨(dú)處并不會(huì)無聊，建議用挑戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)勝孤獨(dú)，選項(xiàng)中This代指上文中you’rebored。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】上文“Ifyou’reasocialpersonmostofthetime,whenyou’realoneyourbrainmaybeguiltyofconvincingyouthere’ssomethingwrong.(如果你大部分時(shí)間都是一個(gè)社交型的人，當(dāng)你獨(dú)處的時(shí)候，你的大腦可能會(huì)內(nèi)疚地讓你相信有什么不對(duì)勁。)”說明一個(gè)社交型的人獨(dú)處時(shí)，心里不舒服，選項(xiàng)F“因此，你會(huì)變得擔(dān)憂，渴望有人在你身邊?！焙蜕衔拇嬖谝蚬P(guān)系，說明獨(dú)處時(shí)，會(huì)變得憂心忡忡，引出下文“Breathe...Takingtimetofocusonyourbreathandmeditatehasproventobeagreatwaytoreducethosefeelingsofhopelessnessandworry.(呼吸……花時(shí)間專注于你的呼吸和冥想已經(jīng)被證明是減少絕望和擔(dān)憂情緒的好方法。)”，介紹解決擔(dān)憂情緒的好辦法。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwasthirty-fourthefirsttimeIsawtherealSanta.Hedroveabig,charcoal-colored____21____,withoutwhitebeard,andhewasoutandaboutintheAugustheatinGeorgia.Hewasn’twhatI____22____atall.MyhusbandhadlosthisjobearlyinJuly,andwe____23____expenseseverywherewecould.He’dbeen____24____often,buttheprocesswasextremelyslow.Therewereunexpected____25____alongtheway,andhewasfeelingdefeated.Oneafternoon,wewerefeelingparticularly____26____,sowedecidedtotreatourselvestoamealfromChick-Fil-A.Whenwegottothewindowtopay,theemployeesaidourmealhadbeen____27____bythecaraheadofus.It’salwaysalovely____28____,butwestillattemptedtokeepthepay-it-forwardtypeof____29____goingbyofferingtopayforthecarbehindus.“No,thatmanjustpaidforthem,too.Hepaidforeveryoneinline.”Theemployeesaid.Shethenpointedatthetruckthatwas_____30_____pullingawaytoexittheparkinglot.Ilookedtowardthetruck,seeingthemangivinga_____31_____wavewithabiggrin,anditinstantly_____32_____meoftheillustrationwhereSantawavedgoodbyeandsaid,“MerryChristmastoall,andtoallagoodnight!”I’msurethatman—“Santa”inmymind—hadno_____33_____howmuchweneededthatlittlereminderthatwe’dbealright.Ibettherewere_____34_____storiesbehindusinline—maybenotlosingajob,butperhapsothersufferings.Butfromthenon,we’vegoneontodorandomactsof_____35_____forothers,rememberingtheeffectthisfreemealhadonus.21.A.sleigh B.car C.truck D.carriage22.A.needed B.expected C.wondered D.respected23.A.cut B.paid C.covered D.raised24.A.searching B.studying C.interviewing D.waiting25.A.findings B.responses C.requirements D.disappointments26.A.low B.high C.mad D.bored27.A.takencareof B.mixedup C.doneawaywith D.broughtaway28.A.service B.meal C.skill D.gesture29.A.secret B.chain C.activity D.routine30.A.quickly B.hardly C.slowly D.casually31.A.grateful B.cheerful C.thoughtful D.sorrowful32.A.warned B.informed C.reminded D.convinced33.A.plan B.idea C.request D.prediction34.A.similar B.typical C.personal D.special35.A.wisdom B.honesty C.toughness D.kindness【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者的丈夫失業(yè)后，家庭財(cái)政陷入危機(jī)。一次偶然外出就餐中，作者一家接受到一位陌生卡車司機(jī)的善意，從而感受到溫暖，重新振奮起來?！即鸢浮?1.C22.B23.A24.C25.D26.A27.A28.D29.D30.C31.B32.C33.B34.A35.D【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他駕著一輛炭灰色的大卡車，沒有白胡子，八月的炎熱天氣里，他在喬治亞洲四處游蕩。A.sleigh雪橇；B.car汽車；C.truck卡車；D.carriage。根據(jù)第10小題“Shethenpointedatthetruck”可知，這位好心的“圣誕老人”開著一輛卡車，當(dāng)時(shí)正準(zhǔn)備離開停車場(chǎng)，故選C項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他和我想象中的完全不一樣。A.needed需要；B.expected期待；C.wondered好奇；D.respected尊重。根據(jù)上文“withoutwhitebeard,andhewasoutandaboutintheAugustheatinGeorgia”可知，一般圣誕老人都有大胡子，冬天才會(huì)出現(xiàn)，但是這位圣誕老人完全相反，這不是作者期待看到的那個(gè)樣子，故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的丈夫在七月初失業(yè)了，我們盡可能地削減開支。A.cut切掉；B.paid支付；C.covered覆蓋；D.raised募集。根據(jù)上文“Myhusbandhadlosthisjob”可知，作者的丈夫失業(yè)了，所以家庭開支需要削減，cuttheexpenses便是“削減開支”的意思，故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他經(jīng)常參加面試，但面試過程極其緩慢。A.searching搜索；B.studying研究；C.interviewing面試；D.waiting等待。根據(jù)上文“Myhusbandhadlosthisjob”可知，作者的丈夫失業(yè)了，那為了生計(jì)他必須要繼續(xù)找工作，找工作就需要面試，故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一路上不斷有意想不到的失望，他有挫敗感。A.findings發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.responses回應(yīng)；C.requirements要求；D.disappointments失望。根據(jù)下文“andhewasfeelingdefeated”可知，作者的丈夫感覺到了挫敗感，肯定是因?yàn)槊嬖嚱Y(jié)果讓他失望了，故選D項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一天下午，我們都覺得情緒特別低落，于是決定去福來雞店吃頓飯犒勞自己。A.low低落的；B.high高昂的；C.mad瘋狂的；D.bored無聊的。根據(jù)下文“sowedecidedtotreatourselvestoamealfromChick-fil-A”可知，作者一家想出去吃頓好吃的換換心情，說明他們因?yàn)槭I(yè)導(dǎo)致心情很低落，故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們到窗口付賬時(shí)，員工說我們的飯菜已經(jīng)被我們前面的車付過賬了。A.takencareof解決掉；B.mixedup混合；C.doneawaywith扔掉；D.broughtaway帶走。根據(jù)下文“thatmanjustpaidforthem”可知，卡車司機(jī)把所有人的賬單都支付了，包括作者一家人的。所以這里需要選擇一個(gè)類似于“買單”的短語(yǔ)，takecareof本意是“解決”，解決掉賬單也就是支付了賬單的意思，故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這總是一個(gè)可愛的姿態(tài)，但我們?nèi)匀辉噲D通過為我們后面的車付錢來保持這種付錢給別人的慣例。A.service服務(wù)；B.meal飯；C.skill技能；D.gesture姿勢(shì)。根據(jù)上文“ourmealhadbeentakencareof”可知，有人替我們付錢了，這是對(duì)方在向我們示好，是一種有好的姿態(tài)，故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這總是一個(gè)可愛的姿態(tài)，但我們?nèi)匀辉噲D通過為我們后面的車付錢來保持這種付錢給別人的慣例。A.secret秘密；B.chain鏈條；C.activity活動(dòng)；D.routine慣例。根據(jù)上文“keepthepay-it-forwardtype”可知，作者想保持他們家的傳統(tǒng)慣例，就是吃飯前先付錢，這也是每個(gè)人應(yīng)該做的，這屬于是他們的慣例，故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后她指著那輛慢慢駛出停車場(chǎng)的卡車。A.quickly快速地；B.hardly幾乎不；C.slowly慢慢地；D.casually隨意地。根據(jù)下文“pullingawaytoexittheparkinglot”可知，此時(shí)卡車司機(jī)正在離開停車場(chǎng)，根據(jù)常識(shí)，這里應(yīng)該是慢慢地離開，太快了會(huì)發(fā)生事故，故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我朝卡車看去，看到那個(gè)人咧嘴笑著，快樂地?fù)]著手，這立刻讓我想起了那幅畫，圣誕老人揮手告別，說：“祝大家圣誕快樂，晚安！”A.grateful感激的；B.cheerful開心的；C.thoughtful若有所思的；D.sorrowful悲傷的。根據(jù)下文“withabiggrin”可知，他一邊咧嘴笑著，那他同時(shí)揮手的時(shí)候肯定也是開心的，故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我朝卡車看去，看到那個(gè)人咧嘴笑著，快樂地?fù)]著手，這立刻讓我想起了那幅畫，圣誕老人揮手告別，說：“祝大家圣誕快樂，晚安！”A.warned警告；B.informed通知；C.reminded提醒；D.convinced說服。根據(jù)下文“oftheillustrationwhereSantawavedgoodbye”可知，作者看到這一幕立刻想到了一個(gè)場(chǎng)景，圣誕老人送完禮物后向人們揮手告別，此時(shí)此景讓作者想到了這個(gè)溫馨的畫面，remind符合題意，故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我相信那個(gè)人——我心目中的“圣誕老人”——不知道我們是多么需要那個(gè)小小的提醒，提醒我們一切都好。A.plan計(jì)劃；B.idea主意；C.request要求；D.prediction預(yù)測(cè)。根據(jù)下文“howmuchweneededthatlittlereminder”可知，這位卡車司機(jī)是一個(gè)陌生人，他并不知道發(fā)生在我們身上的故事，他也不知道這個(gè)友好的提醒對(duì)我們是多么重要，這些他不會(huì)知道，havenoidea便是“不知道”的意思，符合題意，故選B項(xiàng)。【34題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我打賭我們背后的隊(duì)伍里也有類似的故事。A.similar相似的；B.typical典型的；C.personal個(gè)人的；D.special特別的。根據(jù)下文“maybenotlosingajob,butperhapsothersufferings”可知，身后排隊(duì)的人們或許也有人失業(yè)，有人遭受其它困難，但是這些悲慘的故事都是相似的，故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但從那時(shí)起，我們繼續(xù)為他人做一些隨機(jī)的善舉，記住這頓免費(fèi)的午餐對(duì)我們的影響。A.wisdom智慧；B.honesty誠(chéng)實(shí)；C.toughness堅(jiān)韌；D.kindness友好。根據(jù)下文“rememberingtheeffectthisfreemealhadonus”可知，作者一家記住了卡車司機(jī)給他們帶來的影響，讓他們感受到了來自陌生人的友好，他們也會(huì)將這種善行傳遞下去，為別人做好事，送溫暖，故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，“Aletterfromfamilyisworthtenthousandinsilver.”ThislinefromancientpoetDuFu(712-770)reflectsthedeep____36____(emotion)thattheChinesepeoplehavefortheirfamilyandhomeland.Morethanacenturyago,____37____electronicformsofcommunicationwerenotavailable,overseasChinesehadtofindwaystosendmessagesbackhome.Qiaopi,____38____uniqueformofmailcomprisingaletterandaremittance(匯款),emergedandservedasabondbetweenChineseemigrantsandtheirfamiliesbackhome.____39____thedifficultiestheyencountered,thesepeople,whoworkeda