2023年新高考英語壓軸題訓(xùn)練 12 閱讀理解CD篇語法填空讀后續(xù)寫（解析版）

壓軸題12

閱讀理解CD篇+語法填空+讀后續(xù)寫

（時(shí)間:60分鐘滿分：60分）

第一節(jié)（共8小題；每小題2.5分，滿分20分）

A

（2023?山東泰安?統(tǒng)考一模）Howcanpeoplespeaktheirmindwithoutsayinganything?Thisisaquestion

thatscientistshaveaimedtoanswerforalongtime.Researchersrecentlybroughtanupgradeddevicethatcan

translateusers,brainwavesintodailyspeech.

PreviouslyJheteamledbyEdwardChangattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,developedan

Al-basedsystemthatcanidentifyupto50commonlyusedwordsbasedontheparticipant'sbrainwaves.The

participantwasaparalyzed（癱瘓的）manwhohadbeenimplantedwith16electrodes（電極）underhisskull.

AccordingtotheirpaperpublishedinNovember,theteamupgradedthesystemwhichcannowtranslate

thoughtsintocompletesentencesonacomputerscreen.

Theirtestsshowedthatthedevicecoulddecodesilentlyspokenlettersfromal,I52-wordvocabularyata

speedofabout29charactersperminute.Theaccuracywasupto94percent."Itshowsstrongpromisefor

restoringcommunicationbytappingintothebrain,snaturalspeechmachinery,,,Changsaidtotheuniversity's

newswebsite.

However,thismethodcanstillbeproblematicsinceusersstillneedtoundergosurgery.Scientistsatthe

UniversityofTexas,US,havetriedtotranslatepeople,sthoughtswithouteventouchingtheirheads,reportedLive

Science.

ThenewtechniqueiscalledfMRI,orfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging（功能性磁共振成像）.It，sa

saferwayof??reading,,brainactivity.Activebraincellshavemoreoxygen.Bytrackingthesecells,scientistscan

translatebrainactivity.

Theteamaskedparticipantstolistento16hoursofradioshowswhilescanningtheirbrains.Thentheyuseda

computeralgorithm（算法）tocreateastorybasedonthefMRIrecording.Itmatchedtheradioshowsprettywell.

Also,thealgorithmcouldbasicallyexplainthestoryofasilentmoviethattheparticipantswatched.Theteam

aimstodevelopthistechnologysothatitcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfaces（腦機(jī)接口）designedfor

peoplewhocannotspeakortype.

1.WhatdoweknowaboutthedevicementionedinPara2?

A.Itwasimplantedintoaman,sheart.

B,Itcanhelprestorepatients,lostmemory.

C.Itwasdevelopedthroughcooperation.

D.Itcanidentifyabout50rarelyusedwords.

2.HowdoesfMRΓ?read,,people,sminds?

A.Bytrackingtheiractivebraincells.

B.Byputtingelectrodesintotheirbrains.

C.Byrecordingtheirreactiontoradioshows.

D.Bymatchingtheirbrainactivitywiththeirhabits.

3.WhyisfMRIchosencomparedtothefirstdevicementionedinthestory?

A.It,scheaper.B.It,smoreaccurate.C.It,ssmallerinsize.D.It,ssafer.

4.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutfMRIfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itcanonlyreadwhatparticipantshear.

B,Itcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfaces.

C.Itcanreadeverydetailofparticipants9minds.

D.Itcannotworkoutwhatpeopleimagineintheirheads.

【答案】1.C2.A3.D4.B

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一款基于人工智能系統(tǒng)的升級(jí)設(shè)備，研究人員用該設(shè)備可以將

人類腦電波轉(zhuǎn)換成11常語言。

I.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Previously,theteamledbyEdwardChangattheUniversityofCalifornia,San

Francisco,developedanAl-basedsystemthatcanidentifyupto50commonlyusedwordsbasedonthe

participant'sbrainwaves.TheparticipantwasaParaIyZed（癱瘓的）manwhohadbeenimplantedwith16

electrodes（電極）underhisskull.（此前，加州大學(xué)舊金山分校的愛德華?張（EdWardChang）領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的團(tuán)隊(duì)開發(fā)了

一種基于人工智能的系統(tǒng)，可以根據(jù)參與者的腦電波識(shí)別多達(dá)50個(gè)常用單詞。參與者是一名癱瘓的男子，

他的頭骨下被植入了16個(gè)電極。）”可知，該設(shè)備是由EdWardChang領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的團(tuán)隊(duì)開發(fā)出來的，是通過合作

發(fā)展起來的?故選C項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段“Activebraincellshavemoreoxygen.Bytrackingthesecells,scientistscan

TansIatebrainactiVity.（活躍的腦細(xì)胞有更多的氧氣。通過追蹤這些細(xì)胞，科學(xué)家可以翻譯大腦活動(dòng)。）“可

知，fMRI是通過追蹤活躍的腦細(xì)胞去讀懂人們的思想的。故選A項(xiàng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段“ThenewtechniqueiscalledfMRI,orfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging,

?fsasaferwayof''reading"brainactivity.（這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)被稱為fMRI,或功能性磁共振成像。這是一種更安全

的“閱讀”大腦活動(dòng)的方式。）“可知，該設(shè)備比之前的設(shè)備更加安全。故選D項(xiàng)。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后兩段“Thentheyusedacomputeralgorithm（算法）tocreateastorybasedonthe

fMRIrecording.Itmatchedtheradioshowsprettywell.（然后他們使用計(jì)算機(jī)算法根據(jù)IMRI的記錄創(chuàng)建了一

個(gè)故事。它和參與者們聽得廣播節(jié)目很匹配。）”以及“Also,thealgorithmcouldbasicallyexplainthestoryofa

silentmoviethattheparticipantswatched.（此外，該算法基本上可以解釋參與者觀看的無聲電影的故事。）The

teamaimstodevelopthistechnologysothatitcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfacesdesignedforpeoplewho

cannotspeakOrIyPe.（該團(tuán)隊(duì)的目標(biāo)是開發(fā)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，以便將其用于為不能說話或打字的人設(shè)計(jì)的腦機(jī)接

口。）”可知，它可以用于腦機(jī)接口。故選B項(xiàng)。

B

（2023?山東泰安?統(tǒng)考一模）Manypeoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbe

becausemostmeetingskeepemployeesfromworkingwell.Onesurveyof76companiesfoundthatproductivity

was71percenthigherwhenmeetingswerereducedby40percent.Unnecessarymeetingswaste$37billionin

salaryhoursayearintheU.S.alone.

Manymeetingsoccurwithoutaspecificreason.Anothermotiveformeetingsiswhatsomescholarscallthe

MereUrgencyeffect,inwhichweengageintasks-suchasameetingwhereeachpersonreciteswhatthey,re

workingon,whetherothersneedthatinformationornot-tohelpusfeellikeWeareaccomplishingsomething

actual.

Buttherealproblemwithmeetingsisnotlackofproductivity—it,sunhappiness.Whenmeetingsarea

wasteoftime,jobsatisfactiondeclines.Andwhenjobsatisfactiondeclines,happinessingeneralfalls.Thus,fora

largepopulation,eliminatingmeetings-oratleastminimizingthem-isoneofthemoststraightforwardways

toincreasewell-being.

Nobodylikesexcessiveandunproductivemeetings.First,theygenerallyincreasefatigue.Youhaveprobably

experiencedadayofmeetings,afterwhichyouareexhaustedandhaven,taccomplishedmuch.Second,people

tendtoengagein“surfaceacting”（fakingemotionsthataredeemedappropriate）duringworkmeetings.Finally,

researchershavefoundthatthestrongestpredictorofmeetingeffectivenessisactiveinvolvementbythe

participants.Ifyouareaskingyourselfζ??WhyamIhere?^^youarenotlikelytothinkthatthemeetingisagood

useofyourtime—whichisobviouslybadforyourworksatisfaction.

Takentogether,theresearchonmeetingsshowsthatifyouwanttobehappieratwork（orwantyour

employeestobehappier）,youshouldfightagainstthetime-consuming,unproductivemeetingsatevery

opportunity.Ifthereisoneruletorememberaboutworkmeetings,itmightbethattheyareanecessaryevil.They

arenecessaιyasorganizationsneedthemforpropercommunication,buttheyareevilinthattheyarenot

irreplaceable,andshouldthusbeusedaslittleaspossibleforthesakeofproductivityandhappiness.

5.WhydoestheauthormentionthesurveyinParaΓ?

A.Toexplainthesurvey.B.Tointroducethetopic.

C.Tostresstheimportanceofmeeting.D.Tostatethedisadvantageofmeeting.

6.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“eliminating"underlinedinPara3?

A.Reducing.B.Hosting.C.Increasing.D.Avoiding.

7.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinPara4?

A.Howtoincreasepeople,sjobsatisfaction.

B.Theimportanceandnecessityofminimizingmeetings.

C.WhyexcessiveandunproductivemeetingsIowerjobsatisfaction.

D.Activeinvolvementbytheparticipantsindicatesmeetingeffectiveness.

8.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Workmeetings-Anecessaryevil

B.Workmeetings-Theless,thebetter

C.Workmeetings—Themore,thebetter

D.Workmeetings-Excessiveandunproductive

【答案】5.B6.D7.C8.B

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。作者認(rèn)為很多工作會(huì)議是在浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，影響工作效率。關(guān)于會(huì)議的研究表明，

如果你想在工作中更快樂或想讓你的員工更快樂，你應(yīng)該利用一切機(jī)會(huì)反對(duì)耗時(shí)、低效的會(huì)議。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Manypeoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbebecause

mostmeetingskeepemployeesfromworkingwell.Onesurveyof76companiesfoundthatproductivitywas71

percenthigherwhenmeetingswerereducedby40percent.Unnecessarymeetingswaste$37billioninsalary

hoursayearintheU.S.ak>ne.（許多人認(rèn)為工作會(huì)議是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，這可能是因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)會(huì)議會(huì)影響員工的工

作。?項(xiàng)對(duì)76家公司的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)會(huì)議減少40%時(shí)，工作效率會(huì)提高71%。僅在美國(guó)，不必要的會(huì)議

每年就浪費(fèi)370億美元的付薪時(shí)間）”可推斷，作者是用這個(gè)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)去引出并支持文章的主題句：Many

peoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbebecausemostmeetingskeepemployeesfrom

workingwello故選B項(xiàng)。

6.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上.一句“Whenmeetingsareawasteoftime,jobsatisfactiondeclines.Andwhenjob

satisfactiondeclines,happinessingeneralfalls.（當(dāng)會(huì)議被視為浪費(fèi)時(shí)間時(shí)，工作滿意度就會(huì)下降。當(dāng)」二作滿

意度下降時(shí)，幸福感也普遍下降廣可知，浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的工作會(huì)議會(huì)降低員工的工作滿足感，從而又降低了幸

福感，工作時(shí)心情不好，工作效率也會(huì)降低。結(jié)合下一句"...oratleastminimizingthem一isoneofthemost

straightforwardwaystoincreasewell-being.（或者至少把會(huì)議減到最少-是提高幸福感最直接的方法之

-）,,o由此推斷，“eliminating”應(yīng)該是“取消，避免”，浪費(fèi)時(shí)間沒什么意義的工作會(huì)議就別開了，與“avoiding”

意思相近。故選D項(xiàng)。

7.主旨大意題C根據(jù)第四段首句“Nobodyhkesexcessiveandunproductivemeetings.（沒有人喜歡過多和沒有

成效的會(huì)議）“可知人們不喜歡過多的低效的會(huì)議，下文“First,theygenerallyincreasefatigue.Youhave

probablyexperiencedadayofmeetings,afterwhichyouareexhaustedandhaven,taccomplishedmuch.Second,

peopletendtoengagein'isurfaceacting,,（fakingemotionsthataredeemedappropriate）duringworkmeetings.

Finally,researchershavefoundthatthestrongestpredictorofmeetingeffectivenessisactiveinvolvementbythe

PartiCiPan6（首先，它們通常會(huì)增加疲勞。你可能經(jīng)歷過一天的會(huì)議，會(huì)議結(jié)束后你筋疲力盡，沒有完成

多少。其次，人們?cè)诠ぷ鲿?huì)議上傾向于“表面表現(xiàn)”（假裝被認(rèn)為合適的情緒）。最后，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，會(huì)議

有效性的最強(qiáng)預(yù)測(cè)因素是參與者的積極參與）”介紹了三個(gè)原因解釋這樣的會(huì)議會(huì)降低工作滿足感，所以本

段主要講的是為什么過多和低效的會(huì)議會(huì)降低工作滿意度。故選C項(xiàng)。

8.主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段"Manypeoplethinkworkmeetingsareawasteoftime,andthatmightbe

becausemostmeetingske叩employeesfromworkingWelI.（許多人認(rèn)為工作會(huì)議是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，這可能是因?yàn)?/p>

大多數(shù)會(huì)議會(huì)影響員工的工作）”及最后一段“Ifthereisoneruletorememberaboutworkmeetings,itmightbe

thattheyareanecessaryevil.Theyarenecessaryasorganizationsneedthemforpropercommunication,butthey

areevilinthattheyarenotirreplaceable,andshouldthusbeusedaslittleaspossibleforthesakeofproductivity

andh叩PineSS.（如果有一條關(guān)于工作會(huì)議的規(guī)則需耍記住，那就是會(huì)議是必要之惡。它們是必要的，因?yàn)?/p>

組織需要它們進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)臏贤?，但它們是邪惡的，因?yàn)樗鼈儾皇遣豢商娲?，因此為了生產(chǎn)力和幸福，應(yīng)

該盡可能少使用戶可知，作者認(rèn)為很多工作會(huì)議是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，會(huì)降低工作效率，并建議越少越好。所以“Work

meetings-Theless,thebetter.（工作會(huì)議---越少越好）''是文章最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題L5分，滿分15分）

（2023春?四川成都?高三石室中學(xué)校考一模）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞

的正確形式。

Withjustover600days9（go）untiltheopeningofthenextOlympicandParalympicGames,the

officialmascotsofParis2024—thePhryges_10（reveal）onNovember14th2022.

Thetwomascotsshareamottoof44Alonewego11（fast）,buttogetherwegofurther,?andthe

OlympicPhiygeisdescribedas“atactician（謀士）withacalculating,mathematicalbrain"，whiletheParalympic

Phiygeis''spontaneousandfullofenergyand12（enthusiastic）”.Themascots,13（base）on

Phtygiancaps,areasymbolofrevolutionandfreedom.It,saniconseenovercenturies,14theNotre

DameCathedraltotheEifTelTOWer."TheyaremascotswhoembodytheFrenchspirit.Theyareidealsthatcarry

thevaluesofourcountιy,apartofourhistory15asingularpointofviewontheworld,,,saidJulie

Matikhine,thebrandmanageroftheParis2024Games.BoththeOlympicPhrygeandParalympicPhrygeareona

missiontostartarevolutioninsport,showingtheworldthatsportcanchangeeverythingand16it

deserves17prominentplaceinoursociety.Theywillworkeverydaytopromotechangethroughsport,

includinginourlives,health,andrelationshipswithothersandwithnature.Theyarealreadytraining18

(tireless)tobringthegreatestnumberofpeoplepossiblealongwiththemontheGamesjourney.

【答案】9.togo10.wererevealed11.faster12.enthusiasm13.based14.from

15.and16.that17.a18.tirelessly

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞稿。文章主要介紹了巴黎2024年奧運(yùn)會(huì)和殘奧會(huì)于2022年11月14日公布了“弗

里熱(ThePhrygeS)”作為官方吉祥物。

9.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：2022年11月14日，距離下屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)和殘奧會(huì)開幕只有600多天的時(shí)間，2024

年巴黎奧運(yùn)會(huì)的官方吉祥物"Phryges”揭曉。設(shè)空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，和With構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)后文“2024”

可知本空表示將來。故填togo。

10.考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:同上。根據(jù)后文“onNovember14th2022”可知用一般過去時(shí)態(tài);表示“被揭示"

用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；主語mascots為復(fù)數(shù)，故填wererevealed0

??.考查副詞比較級(jí)。句意：兩個(gè)吉祥物的格言都是“一個(gè)人走得更快，但是大家一起走得更遠(yuǎn)”，奧運(yùn)會(huì)

吉祥物被描述為“一個(gè)擁有精于計(jì)算和數(shù)學(xué)頭腦的戰(zhàn)術(shù)家”,而殘奧會(huì)吉祥物則是“自發(fā)的，充滿活力和熱情

根據(jù)后文“further”和句意可知用比較級(jí)。故填faster。

12.考查名詞。句意：同上。此處用enthusiastic的名詞形式與energy并列作islullof的賓語。故填enthusiasm(.

13.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：吉祥物以弗里吉亞帽子為原型，象征著革命和自由。設(shè)空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，

短語bebasedon意為”以...為根據(jù)“，因此此處用過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)“basedOn”作定語。故填based,

14.考查介詞。句意：從巴黎圣母院到埃菲爾鐵塔，幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，它都是一個(gè)標(biāo)志性建筑。固定搭配“from...

to../*,意為“從……到……”，符合句意。故填from。

15.考查連詞。句意：這些理想承教著我們國(guó)家的價(jià)值觀，是我們歷史的一部分，也是我們看待世界的獨(dú)

特視角，“巴黎2024年奧運(yùn)會(huì)的品牌經(jīng)理朱莉?馬蒂凱因(JUliematikine)說。分析可知,thevaluesofourcountry,

apartofourhistory和asingularpointofview為并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞and連接。故填and。

16.考查賓語從句。句意：奧運(yùn)會(huì)和殘奧會(huì)的使命都是開啟一場(chǎng)體育革命，向世界展示體育可以改變一切，

它應(yīng)該在我們的社會(huì)中占有突出的地位。分析可知設(shè)空連接賓語從句，和前面的that從句為并列的賓語從

句，第二個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞that不能省略。故填that。

17.考查冠詞。句意：同上。此處泛指“一個(gè)重要的位置'’且prominent以輔音音素開頭，故用不定冠詞a。

故填a。

18.考查副詞。句意：他們已經(jīng)在不知疲倦地訓(xùn)練，以便在奧運(yùn)之旅中為盡可能多的人提供服務(wù)。此處用

副詞tirelessly修飾謂語動(dòng)詞aretraining,表示“不知疲倦地故填tirelesslyo

第三節(jié)（共25分）

19?（2023?湖北?華中師大一附中?？级＃╅喿x下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之

構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

TheboysandgirlspickedupthebustoFortLauderdale.Vingowasonboardfromthebeginning.

AsthebuspassedthroughJersey,theybegantonoticethatVingonevermoved.Hesatinfrontoftheyoung

people,frozenintosilence.

SomewhereoutsideofWashington,thebuspulledintoaHowardJohnson,s,andeverybodygotoffexcept

Vingo.Hesatrootedinhisseat,andtheyoungpeoplebegantowonderabouthim,tryingtoimaginehislife.

Whentheywentbacktothebus,thegirlsatbesidehimandintroducedherself.

“Wantsomewine?”shesaid.Hesmiledandtookthebottle.Hethankedherandretreatedagainintosilence.

Afterawhile,shewentbacktotheothers,asVingonoddedintosleep.

InthemorningtheyawokeoutsideanotherHowardJohnson,s,andthistimeVingowentin.Thegirlinsisted

thathejointhem.Whentheywentbackonthebus,thegirlsatwithVingoagain,afterawhile,slowlyand

painfullyandwithgreathesitation,hebegantotellhisstory.HehadbeeninjailinNewYorkforthelastfour

years,andnowhewasgoinghome.

“WhenIwasinjailIwrotetomywifeJhesaid."Itoldher,Iunderstandifyoucan,tstaymarriedtome,get

anewguyandforgetaboutme.Andshedidn,twritetome.Notforthreeandahalfyears.”

t?Andyou,regoinghomenow,notknowing?”

44Yeah,,,hesaidshyly.??Lastweek,Iwroteher.Itoldherthatifshehadanewguy,Iunder-stood.Butifshe

didn,t,ifshewouldtakemebacksheshouldletmeknow.WeusedtoliveinBrunswick,withagreatbigoaktree.

Itoldherifshewouldtakemeback,sheshouldputayellowhandkerchiefonthetree,andIwouldgetoffand

comehome.Ifshedidn,twantme,forgetit,nohandkerchief,andΓdkeepgoingon.”

“Wow,"thegirlsaid.“Wow.”

Shetoldtheothers,andsoonallofthemwereinit,caughtupintheapproachofBrunswick,lookingatthe

picturesVingoshowedthemofhiswifeandthreechildren.

注意：1?續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。

Paragraph1NowtheyweretwentymilesfromBrunswick.

Paragraph2Thensuddenlyalloftheyoungpeoplewereupoutoftheirseats.

【答案】NowtheyweretwentymilesfromBrunswick.Andtheyoungpeopletookoverwindowseatsontheright

side,waitingfortheapproachofthegreatoaktree.Vingostoppedlooking,tighteninghisfaceintotheex-con,s

mask,asiffortifyinghimselfagainststillanotherdisappointment.Thenitwastenmiles,andthenfive.Thebus

acquiredadarkhushedmood,fullofsilence,ofabsence,oflostyears,ofthewoman,splainface,ofthesudden

letteronthebr