2025屆新高考英語(yǔ)熱點(diǎn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)介詞

2025屆新高考英語(yǔ)熱點(diǎn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)介詞介詞是用來(lái)表明名詞、代詞與句中其他詞的關(guān)系的詞。1.是虛詞，一般不重讀2.介于vi.與賓語(yǔ)之間或在名詞、動(dòng)名詞或代詞之前

3.有自己的意思4.與后面的詞共同充當(dāng)句子的成分。1.簡(jiǎn)單介詞2.合成介詞3.雙重介詞4.介詞短語(yǔ)1.概念：3.特征：2.分類(lèi)：4.考點(diǎn)體現(xiàn)：5.解題方法6.容易錯(cuò)誤和要注意的地方1.語(yǔ)法填空(純空格)2.作文表達(dá)

3.利用介詞美化文章

in,atinto,withoutHecamefrombehindthedoor.thanksto,becauseof賓，表，狀，定，補(bǔ)1.Recentlythemostmovingthingisintheearthquake.2.Isawagirlbehindtheman.3.Thegirlinredismysister.4.1)WeliveinGuangzhou.2)Shegottoschoolat9:00.3)Igobackhomebybus.4)Thegamewasputoffbecauseofrain.作表語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ)作定語(yǔ)(后置定語(yǔ))作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)作方式狀語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)的句法功能主要功能：介賓短語(yǔ)通常在句中充當(dāng)_______、_________、___________或者_(dá)__________。表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)(后置）賓補(bǔ)狀語(yǔ)常用介詞的用法在下列空格中填入適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~1.時(shí)間上的某一點(diǎn)、某時(shí)刻、時(shí)間、階段___1:00/dawn/noon/thepresentstage/theageof172.1)具體某一天(的上下午/晚上)或星期幾____June20,2008/themorningofMay16th

______weekends____weekdays2)____hearingthenews,sheburstintotears.3.時(shí)段，用在世紀(jì)/年代/年/月/季節(jié)/上午/下午/晚上等詞前1)____the21stcentury/the1990s/2003/September/autumn/themorning2)Theprojectwillfinish____threemonths.Onatonat/onininOn/Upon+doing/one’s+n.

一…….就……on注意：表示時(shí)間的詞(morning,afternoon,evening,Sunday…)前面有l(wèi)ast,next,this,that時(shí)，不再用介詞yesterday,today,tonight,tomorrow

前也不再加介詞區(qū)分：by/for/since在表示時(shí)間Youmustbeback_____fouro'clock.WehavestudiedEnglish_____manyyears.Theyhavebeenclosefriends____childhood.byforsincebyforsince+時(shí)間點(diǎn),到…時(shí)候?yàn)橹?常與完成時(shí)連用

+時(shí)間段,

(動(dòng)作/狀態(tài))持續(xù)的時(shí)間;長(zhǎng)達(dá)多久時(shí)間，常與完成時(shí)連用

+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/+一段時(shí)間+ago/時(shí)間狀從，“自從…時(shí)候以來(lái)”,也常與完成時(shí)連用（主句）bynow/bytheendoflastyear/bythetimesb.does/didsth.Hewillbeback___twohours.Hewillbebacktwohours_____.Hewillbeback____twoo’clock.Hecameback_____twohours.inafter

laterafter區(qū)分：after/in/later表示時(shí)間表將來(lái)in+一段時(shí)間=一段時(shí)間+laterafter+時(shí)間點(diǎn)

after+一段時(shí)間可用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)

=一段時(shí)間+laterHecamebacktwohours

_____.

laterin/on/to在表達(dá)地理位置上的區(qū)別Haerbinlies_____thenortheastofChina.TheNorthKorealies______thenortheastofChina.Wuhanis____thebankoftheChangjiangRiver.

Hunanlies________thenorthofGuangxi.Japanlies_____thenortheastofChina.

inonto/on在…范圍之內(nèi)與…相鄰(接壤)在…范圍之外(接壤或不接壤)（遍及）全世界throughouttheworldallovertheworldaroundtheworldon在江河湖海之濱toby的用法1.AmericawasdiscoveredbyColumbus.①被，由2.Thereisadeskbythewindow.

3.HaveyoueverbeentoGuangzhoubyship?②在…旁邊③乘，坐4.Hepassedthecollegeentranceexaminationbyhardwork.

④憑借，依靠；通過(guò)5.

Byworkinghardhegainedrapidpromotion.6.Heisolderthanhiswifebythreeyears.7.Thecarfactoryhopestoincreaseitsoutputby50%nextyear.

⑤增加/減少/相差的幅度8.Theplanewillsurelyarrivebyteno'clock.⑥到…為止⑦根據(jù)，按照9.It'sfiveo'clockbymywatch.10.Judgingbyappearancescanbemisleading.=accordingtopaysb.

bythehour按小時(shí)付錢(qián)給某人rentacarbytheday/week/month按天/星期/月租車(chē)selleggsbythedozen/sellcoalbytheton但sell/buysth.byweight

表示方式、手段、工具paybycheque用支票付款learnsth.byheart背，記住Thesebasketsaremadebyhand.

用手工制作的區(qū)分by/through/with/inImakealiving______teaching.byby“靠….../用…...”,表示一種方式或手段或用于固定短語(yǔ)中bymeansof

用，通過(guò)…方法Ilearnedit________afriend.through“通過(guò)”表示一種途徑，有時(shí)可與by換用。Hesucceeded

_________hardwork.Hewaswriting______apencil.Wesee_____oureyes.withwithwith“用…...”,

后常接具體有形的物體(具體的工具/身體部位)。Hetalks_____Frenchand

writes____ink.

inpayincash以現(xiàn)金支付in

用…(語(yǔ)言/材料)throughthrough/byinwith的用法:1.Themanwenthomewith

ahappy

heart.表伴隨“帶著/有/隨著”2.Somehighschoolstudentsmayberequiredtohaveaninterview

with

peoplefromtheuniversity.“與…,和…”3.Herfingerswerenumbwithcold.表原因tremblewithfearjumpwithjoysmilewithsatisfaction害怕得發(fā)抖高興得跳起來(lái)

滿意地笑“用…”表伴隨“凍得發(fā)麻”____timegoingby=as

timegoes/wentby連詞with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：

sth.todowithsb.doingsth.done

within

在…范圍內(nèi)--(反義詞）beyondItsavestimeinthekitchentohavethingsyouusealot______easyreach.在容易到達(dá)的范圍之內(nèi)Iwouldn’thaveenteredthisfamousuniversity_________yourhelp.withwithoutwithin隱含的條件句:虛擬語(yǔ)氣by/in/with/on用法歸納write____apen/cut____aknifesee____oureyes____English/____yourownwords____alowvoice____thisway____bike/bus/train/road/air/sea/land____thismeans____theradio/thephone/TV____thebike/bus/train/ship

withwith

inininbybyononwithinwith+工具/人體部位in+語(yǔ)言/聲音/方法wayby+交通工具/方法meanson+媒介/the+交通工具要注意的地方1.Witheverything

(buy),shewentoutofthestorewithafullbaskethappily.2.Shehadnotrouble

（finish）thejob.3.Itwaslateandtherewasn’tanybody

whomshecouldturn

forhelp.with的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)boughtfinishingto介詞的省略定從中的介詞提前have(no)troublewith(沒(méi))有困難做某事turntoSbforhelp向某人求助for的用法表原因

Shestaredatmeforafewsecondsandhandedbackthemoney.Topayforthehigh-techhealthcare,peoplecanbuyhealthinsurancefortheirpets.表長(zhǎng)達(dá)一段時(shí)間為了…apologizetosb.

for

sth./doingsth.Weapologizeforanyinconveniencecausedduringtherepairs.我們?yōu)榫S修期間造成的任何不便道歉。for的用法Areyoufororagainstthewar?Hewastooproudtoaskhisfamilyforhelpandsupport.他自尊心太強(qiáng),不愿向家人尋求幫助和支持。asksb.forsth.問(wèn)某人要某物贊成反對(duì)beinfavorofobjectto

opposevt.beopposedto

for,to

Hewoulddoanything___hismotherland.

Didyoumentionthis__myfather?

It’squitewarmtoday___November.Whathetoldyoujustnowwasnotnew__me.

fortofortofor表示“為了”

to表示動(dòng)作對(duì)象,“對(duì),向”,有方向for表示“就某情況而說(shuō)”

to表示“對(duì)某對(duì)象而言”用besides,except,exceptfor,but,apartfrom填空Weneedfifteenmorepeople________ourteamto

dothejob.2._________adeskortwo,theclassroomwasempty.3.Sheseldomtalkedofanything______painting.

4.______hiswife,hisdaughteralsowentswimming.5.Weallattendedthemeeting______XiaoLi.6.Thereisnoonehere______MaryandTom.

7.Who_____afoolwoulddosuchathing?besidesExceptforbutBesidesexceptbutbutbesides:

also，another，more，other，else，tooexcept:

句末

exceptfor:句首或句末but:

every,any,all,everybody,anything,anywhere,nobody,no,none/who,what,where后

as/like在談到人、事物或動(dòng)作有相同或共同點(diǎn)時(shí)，兩者均可用，只是like是介詞，用于名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞之前，as是連詞，用于從句之前：______me,sheenjoysallkindsofmusic.Sheenjoysallkindsofmusic,_____Ido.在表示職業(yè)、身份、作用等時(shí)，兩者的區(qū)別是：as表示比較的雙方同屬一類(lèi)或完全相似，而like

只表示在某些方面相似。Heworked______

aslave.Heworked_______aslave.

as

Like

as

like

介詞as基本含義：“作為，當(dāng)作”Heworksasadoctor.Itreatherasafriend.Youcanusethatglassasavase.Thenewscameasashock.Shehadbeenthereasachild.引申含義：“像，如同”Theywerealldressedasclowns.（打扮成……）Thebombwasdisguisedasapackage.（被偽裝成……）固定搭配：把……看作是……treatconsiderregardseeviewsb./sth.as…takehavelookonthinkof

above/over/on/below/under/in1.Becareful!Thereisasnake_____your

head.2.Thesunis_______themountainintheeast.3.Thereisaglass__________thetable.4.Mr.Brownwas_______hiswifeinsocialstanding.5.Therearethreebirds____thetree.6.Therearemanyapples____thetree.7.Thereismanyarticles_____thenewspaper.overaboveon/under

belowinonin

becauseof/dueto/thanksto/owingtoMistakes_____carelessnessmayhaveseriousconsequences._________yourhelp,Ihavemadegreatprogress.Iamlate__________theheavyrain.Theydecidedtopostponethetrip,_________badweather.due

toThanks

tobecause

of作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，位于句首或句尾多用于句首o(hù)wingto逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，位于句首或句尾復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)需注意的要點(diǎn)1.不及物動(dòng)詞不可帶賓語(yǔ)，如需要帶賓語(yǔ)，必須先加上一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，使此介詞與其后的賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成介賓短語(yǔ)。Pleasegivemeapentowrite______.Whoareyoutalking_______?2.介詞和動(dòng)詞、形容詞、名詞等常常構(gòu)成固定搭配.beproud_____payavisit_____

thekey_____

(doing)sth._____themostpart就絕大部分而言,____one'ssurprise____surprise____anger____search________one'ssearch____withwith/tooftotofortoinwithinofinfor2)Iagreethewriterbecauseofthewriteristellingusthetruth.3.容易錯(cuò)誤的地方3)Onmyopinion,Iagainsttheidea.1)Thestoryisaboutthatamanaskedforasecondchance.4)Onthenextday,thepoormanwaskilled.介詞一般不接加句子,接n./pron./doing不及物動(dòng)詞要加介詞再加賓語(yǔ)。介詞不可單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)前有thenext，thelast等不再加介詞thatwithInofamasking∧∧介詞是語(yǔ)法填空的一個(gè)必考點(diǎn)。1.Ididn’twanttobelaughedatfortalkingtohimbutIdidn’tlikeleavinghim___hisowneither.因onone’sown(=alone)是固定搭配,所以填on。on介詞與全國(guó)高考

語(yǔ)法填空怎么考？2.（2015年全國(guó)1卷）Instead,I'dheadstraightforYangshuo.ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it'sonlyanhouraway__46_carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.by3.Histeachertookadeepdrinkandthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.Theyoungmanwenthome_____ahappyheart.名詞ahappyheart在句中不作主語(yǔ),也不作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),就應(yīng)是作介詞的賓語(yǔ),空格處應(yīng)填介詞;由句意可知,是指這個(gè)年輕人“帶著”愉快的心情回家,表示“帶著”用with。with4.Janestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgathered.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes____sale.固定搭配onsale,表示“出售”。on介詞與語(yǔ)法填空：1.

做語(yǔ)法填空時(shí)，若純空格后是動(dòng)名詞、代詞賓格或名詞，名詞前已經(jīng)有冠詞a/an/the、名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞，而它們又不作句子的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，這個(gè)空格就很可能是填介詞；2.帶介詞的短語(yǔ);解題方法：

?高考重點(diǎn)要求：

*介詞的含義及在句中的作用。

*介詞+賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)的作用。

*介詞短語(yǔ)在句子中的功能的理解。如何攻克介詞這一難關(guān)？1.記住常用介詞的意義、用法及區(qū)分2.積累帶介詞的短語(yǔ)3.解題時(shí)要理解整個(gè)句子的意思Father'sDayoccursonthe3rdSundayinJune.Theideaforcreatingaday1