實用英語教學(xué)法教程（第二版） 課件 Chapter 1 Language views and language learning theories、Chapter 2 Approaches and methods

Chapter1LanguageViewsandLanguageLearningTheories1.1Viewsonlanguage1.2TheoriesoflanguagelearningObjectivesunderstandmoredeeplytheconceptandfeaturesoflanguageoutlinemajorviewsonlanguageunderstanddifferenttheoriesoflanguagelearningUponcompletionofthischapter,youshouldbeableto:PART/01實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter11.1ViewsonlanguageWhatislanguage?Definelanguageinyourownwords.Youcanturntodefinitionsoflanguagefromdictionaries,booksortheInternetforreference.Symbols?Toolsforcommunication?Writtenorspoken?Systematicorarbitrary?PART/011.1ViewsonlanguageStudythefollowingdefinitionsoflanguageanddiscussinpairswhatyoucanlearnfromthem.Languageisasystemofarbitrary,vocalsymbolswhichpermitallpeopleinagivenculture,orotherpeoplewhohavelearnedthesystemofthatculture,tocommunicateortointeract.(Finocchiaro,1964)Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.(Wardhaugh,1972)Whatcanwelearnaboutthenature,functionandusersoflanguagefromthesedefinitions?實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter1PART/011.1ViewsonlanguageLanguageisacomplex,specializedskill,whichdevelopsinthechildspontaneously,withoutconsciouseffortorformalinstruction,isdeployedwithoutawarenessofitsunderlyinglogic,isqualitativelythesameineveryindividual,andisdistinctfrommoregeneralabilitiestoprocessinformationorbehaveintelligently.(Pinker,1994)Languageismerelyasystemofconventionsdevelopedbyvariousgroupstocommunicateamongthemselves.(Geyser,2006)Studythefollowingdefinitionsoflanguageanddiscussinpairswhatyoucanlearnfromthem.實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter1Whatcanwelearnaboutthenature,functionandusersoflanguagefromthesedefinitions?PART/011.1ViewsonlanguageStructuralviewoflanguage

TargetoflanguagelearningTomasterthoseelementsincludingphonologicalunits,grammaticalunits,grammaticaloperations,andlexicalitems.NatureoflanguageAstructuralandlinguisticsystemofformsorelements.TeachingfocusLinguisticpatterns.SummarizethekeypointsofthethreedifferentviewsoflanguagebasedonChapter1.實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter1PART/011.1Viewsonlanguage

TargetoflanguagelearningToknowhowtousethelanguagetoperformfunctions.NatureoflanguageAninstrumenttofulfillcommunicativefunctionsinsocialinteraction.TeachingfocusCommunicativefunctionsoflanguageandlearners’communicativecompetence.Functionalviewoflanguage實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter1PART/011.1Viewsonlanguage

TargetoflanguagelearningTograspthepatternsandrulesofacts,negotiation,andinteractionincommunication.NatureoflanguageAtooltocreateandmaintainsocialrelations.TeachingfocusTheinteractionaldimensionoflanguage.Interactionalviewoflanguage實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter1PART/021.2TheoriesoflanguagelearningDoyouconsiderthefollowingbehaviorsaslearning?Whatdotheyshareincommon?1)Learningisacquisitionor“getting”.2)Learningisretentionofknowledge,information,orskill.3)Retentionimpliesstoragesystems,memory,andcognitiveorganization.4)Learninginvolvesactive,consciousfocusonandactinguponevents

outsideorinsidetheorganism.5)Learningisrelativelypermanent,butsubjecttoforgetting.6)Learninginvolvessomeformofpractice,perhapsreinforcedpractice.7)Learningisachangeinbehavior.實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter1PART/021.2TheoriesoflanguagelearningWorkinpairs.Discussthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenlearningofyourmothertongueandforeignlanguageacquisition.01Similarities02Differences實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter1PART/021.2TheoriesoflanguagelearningWatchthevideoandsummarizethekeynotionsofthebehavioristtheoryoflanguagelearning.實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter1BehavioristTheoryofSecondLanguageAcquisition/watch?v=VvOIbDI2froPART/021.2TheoriesoflanguagelearningDecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)aboutthecognitivetheoryoflanguagelearning.Accordingtothecognitivetheoryoflanguage,secondlanguageacquisition(SLA)isaprocessofhabitformation.Thecognitivetheoryoflanguagelearningholdsthattoacquirealanguageismainlyaboutlearningthesystemofgrammaticalrules.

Teacherswhoapproachlanguagelearningfromthecognitiveperspectiverelyheavilyonrepeatedtraining.Languageisaninternalizedsystemofrulesandchildrenarebornwithcertainpropertytolearnlanguage.()()()()TFTF實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter1PART/021.2TheoriesoflanguagelearningWatchthefollowingvideoabout“assimilation”and“accommodation”anddiscusshowthesetwoconceptsarerelatedtolanguagelearning.實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter1Development:Schemas,Assimilation,&Accommodation/watch?v=Xj0CUeyucJwPART/021.2TheoriesoflanguagelearningBelowisthedescriptionofalanguagelearningactivityfollowingSocioculturaltheory.Discusshowthistheoryisappliedtothelearningpractice.ActivitiesforSocioculturalTheory:ASecondLanguageAcquisitionTheoryModule/teaching-tips-foreign-languages/97396-using-the-sociocultural-theory-module-in-your-classroom/LanguageDateArrangeadayinwhichstudentscanmeetupwithnativespeakerswhowillserveastheircompanyfortheday.Thelearnerandthenativespeakermustarrangesomeactivitiestheycandotogetherlikediningout,shopping,playingsomesports.Thenativespeakermustnotbeabletounderstandthelearner’snativelanguage.實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter1AssignmentFillinthefollowingtablewithwhatyouhavelearnedaboutviewsonlanguageandlanguagelearningtheories.WhatIhavelearnedaboutviewsonlanguageandlanguagelearningtheoriesChapter2ApproachesandMethodsinLanguageTeaching2.1Thegrammar-translationmethod2.2Thedirectmethod2.3Theaudiolingualmethod2.4Totalphysicalresponse2.5Communicativelanguageteaching2.6Task-basedlanguageteachingObjectivesdistinguishbetween“approach”,“method”and“technique”understandthecharacteristicsofmajorapproaches

andmethodsinlanguageteachingapplytheprinciplesofmajorapproachesandmethodstolanguageteachingUponcompletionofthischapter,youshouldbeableto:PART/01approachvs.methodvs.technique

實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter2Basedonthedefinitionofapproach,methodandtechnique,explaintherelationshipanddifferencesbetweenthesethreeconcepts.approachasetofcorrelativeassumptionsdealingwiththenatureoflanguageteachingandlearninganoverallplanfortheorderlypresentationoflanguagematerial,nopartofwhichcontradicts,andallofwhichisbasedupon,theselectedapproachaparticulartrick,stratagem,orcontrivanceusedtoaccomplishanimmediateobjectivemethodtechniquePART/012.1Thegrammar-translationmethod

Fillinthetablebasedontheinformationgiveninthischapter.Characteristicsofthegrammar-translationmethodLanguageofinstructionFocusofteachingTypicalexercisePossibleteachingresultThenativelanguageofthestudentsGrammaticalparsingTranslatingsentencesfromthetargetlanguageintothemothertongue,orviceversaStudents’inabilitytousethetargetlanguageforcommunication實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter2PART/012.1Thegrammar-translationmethod

Workinpairs.Discussandchooseanitemthatcanbetaughtthroughthegrammar-translationmethod.Presenttotheclasshowyouwillteachtheitem.實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter2PART/022.2Thedirectmethod

Watchthevideoanddiscusshowthedirectmethodisusedinthislanguageclass.ESLDirectMethodofteachinglanguagebyDamienZellers/watch?v=id0F0NCldHo實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter2PART/032.3Theaudiolingualmethod

Watchthevideoanddiscusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheaudiolingualmethodbasedonthevideo.LanguageTeachingMethods:Audio-LingualMethod/watch?v=Pz0TPDUz3FU實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter2PART/042.4Totalphysicalresponse

Observeateacher’steachingguidedbytotalphysicalresponse.Afterwatchingthevideo,workinpairsandcomeupwith2to3topicsthatyoucanteachthroughthismethod.LanguageTeachingMethods:ComprehensionApproach/TPR/watch?v=YuS3ku-PSL8實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter2PART/052.5Communicativelanguageteaching

Workingroups.Watchthevideoanddiscussthefollowingquestions:實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter2LanguageTeachingMethods:CommunicativeApproach/watch?v=3kRT-rsKxn4Whatarethedifferencesbetweencommunicativelanguageteachingandtheotherfourteachingmethods?Whataretheadvantagesofcommunicativelanguageteaching?PART/062.6Task-basedlanguageteaching

Workinpairs.Watchthevideoanddrawadiagramtoshowthestepsoftask-basedlanguageteaching.Payspecialattentiontotheteacher’sroleateachstage.Demo:Task-BasedLearning-InternationalTEFLAcademy/watch?v=59XMhMO0FMU實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter2PART/062.6Task-basedlanguageteaching

Preparestudentsmentallyandlinguisticallyforthetask:WordWeb,pictures,discussionquestions,asampletextStudentsworkonthetaskindependently.Theteacherencouragestheuseofthetargetlanguageandquietlytakesnotesofthelanguagestudentsuse.Enablestudentstocompletethetaskontheirown:cleardirections,astep-by-stephandout,orachecklistTheteacheraddresseskeylanguagefeatureswiththeclassandreflectsonthelanguagelearnt.Pre-taskTask

PreparationDuring-taskPost-task實用英語教學(xué)法教程Chapter2AssignmentWorkingroupsanddesignalessontoteachthetextprovided.Decidewhatyouwouldliketoteachandtheteachingmethodyouwouldliketouse.Youmayusemorethanonemethodifnecessary.TheLongestAirplaneFlightintheWorldSomepeopleenjoyairtravelmorethanothers,butit’ssafetosaythatnoonelooksforwardtoextra-longflights.Apersoncanonlytoleratesomuchtimeinacrampedcabin35,000feetabovetheground.ForpassengersflyingfromNewarkLibertyInternationalAirportinthegreater