中學教師工作投入與基本心理需求滿足關系研究

中學教師工作投入與基本心理需求滿足關系研究一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle本研究旨在深入探討中學教師工作投入與其基本心理需求滿足之間的關系。教師的工作投入不僅關乎其自身的職業(yè)發(fā)展和身心健康，更直接影響到學生的學習效果和成長。因此，理解并優(yōu)化這一關系對于提升教育質量和促進教師與學生的共同成長具有重要意義。本研究將從理論構建和實證分析兩個方面進行，首先通過文獻綜述梳理現(xiàn)有的研究成果和理論框架，明確工作投入和心理需求滿足的定義、維度及其相互關系。然后，結合中學教師的工作特點和心理需求，構建適合的研究模型，通過問卷調查和數(shù)據(jù)分析，實證探討工作投入與基本心理需求滿足之間的關系及其影響因素。最終，本研究將提出針對性的建議，以促進中學教師更好地滿足基本心理需求，提高工作投入度，進而提升教育教學的質量和效果。Theaimofthisstudyistoexploreindepththerelationshipbetweenworkengagementandthesatisfactionofbasicpsychologicalneedsamongmiddleschoolteachers.Theworkengagementofteachersisnotonlyrelatedtotheirowncareerdevelopmentandphysicalandmentalhealth,butalsodirectlyaffectsthelearningeffectivenessandgrowthofstudents.Therefore,understandingandoptimizingthisrelationshipisofgreatsignificanceforimprovingthequalityofeducationandpromotingthecommongrowthofteachersandstudents.Thisstudywillbeconductedfromtwoaspects:theoreticalconstructionandempiricalanalysis.Firstly,existingresearchresultsandtheoreticalframeworkswillbereviewedthroughliteraturereviewtoclarifythedefinition,dimensions,andinterrelationshipsbetweenworkengagementandpsychologicalneedssatisfaction.Then,basedontheworkcharacteristicsandpsychologicalneedsofmiddleschoolteachers,asuitableresearchmodelisconstructed.Throughquestionnairesurveysanddataanalysis,therelationshipandinfluencingfactorsbetweenworkengagementandbasicpsychologicalneedssatisfactionareempiricallyexplored.Ultimately,thisstudywillproposetargetedrecommendationstopromotemiddleschoolteacherstobettermeetbasicpsychologicalneeds,increaseworkengagement,andultimatelyimprovethequalityandeffectivenessofeducationandteaching.二、文獻綜述Literaturereview隨著教育改革的不斷深化和教育心理學的快速發(fā)展，越來越多的學者開始關注教師工作投入與其基本心理需求滿足之間的關系。中學教師作為教育系統(tǒng)中的核心力量，其工作投入不僅直接關系到學生的學習效果和身心發(fā)展，也是衡量教育質量的重要指標。因此，探討中學教師工作投入與基本心理需求滿足的關系，對于提升教師的工作滿意度、激發(fā)教師的工作熱情以及提高教育質量具有重要意義。Withthecontinuousdeepeningofeducationreformandtherapiddevelopmentofeducationalpsychology,moreandmorescholarsarepayingattentiontotherelationshipbetweenteacherworkengagementandthesatisfactionoftheirbasicpsychologicalneeds.Middleschoolteachers,asthecoreforceintheeducationsystem,theirworkengagementisnotonlydirectlyrelatedtothelearningeffectivenessandphysicalandmentaldevelopmentofstudents,butalsoanimportantindicatorformeasuringthequalityofeducation.Therefore,exploringtherelationshipbetweenworkengagementandbasicpsychologicalneedsofmiddleschoolteachersisofgreatsignificanceforimprovingtheirjobsatisfaction,stimulatingtheirworkenthusiasm,andimprovingthequalityofeducation.在心理學領域，基本心理需求滿足通常被理解為個體在工作或生活中對自主、勝任和關聯(lián)三種基本需求的滿足程度。自主需求指的是個體在工作中能夠自主決策、自由選擇的空間；勝任需求則是指個體在工作中能夠感受到自己的能力和價值，獲得成就感；關聯(lián)需求則強調個體在工作中能夠與他人建立良好的人際關系，感受到歸屬感和支持。這些基本心理需求的滿足對于個體的心理健康和工作投入具有重要影響。Inthefieldofpsychology,meetingbasicpsychologicalneedsisusuallyunderstoodasthedegreetowhichanindividualsatisfiesthethreebasicneedsofautonomy,competence,andassociationinworkorlife.Autonomousneedsrefertothespacewhereindividualscanmakeindependentdecisionsandmakefreechoicesintheirwork;Competencyrequirementsrefertoindividualsbeingabletofeeltheirabilitiesandvalueintheirwork,andgainasenseofachievement;Theneedforassociationemphasizesthatindividualscanestablishgoodinterpersonalrelationshipswithothers,feelasenseofbelongingandsupportintheirwork.Thesatisfactionofthesebasicpsychologicalneedshasasignificantimpactonanindividual'smentalhealthandworkengagement.在教育領域，已有研究表明，中學教師的工作投入與其基本心理需求的滿足程度密切相關。例如，當教師在工作中能夠擁有更多的自主權，能夠自主安排教學內容和方法時，他們的工作投入度往往更高；當教師能夠在工作中獲得足夠的成就感和價值感，感受到自己的努力和付出得到認可時，他們的工作熱情和滿意度也會相應提升；而當教師能夠在學校中建立起良好的人際關系，與同事和學生之間形成積極的互動和支持時，他們的工作投入度也會得到增強。Inthefieldofeducation,researchhasshownthattheworkengagementofmiddleschoolteachersiscloselyrelatedtotheirlevelofsatisfactionwiththeirbasicpsychologicalneeds.Forexample,whenteachershavemoreautonomyintheirworkandareabletoindependentlyarrangeteachingcontentandmethods,theirworkengagementisoftenhigher;Whenteacherscangainsufficientsenseofachievementandvalueintheirwork,feelthattheireffortsandcontributionsarerecognized,theirworkenthusiasmandsatisfactionwillalsocorrespondinglyincrease;Whenteachersareabletoestablishgoodinterpersonalrelationshipsinschool,formpositiveinteractionsandsupportwithcolleaguesandstudents,theirworkengagementwillalsobeenhanced.然而，盡管已有研究揭示了中學教師工作投入與基本心理需求滿足之間的正相關關系，但關于如何更好地滿足教師的基本心理需求、提高他們的工作投入度等問題仍然需要進一步探討。例如，學校管理層可以通過優(yōu)化教學環(huán)境、提供專業(yè)培訓等方式來滿足教師的自主和勝任需求；也可以通過加強團隊建設、營造良好的校園文化等方式來滿足教師的關聯(lián)需求。However,althoughresearchhasrevealedapositivecorrelationbetweenworkengagementandbasicpsychologicalneedssatisfactionamongmiddleschoolteachers,furtherexplorationisstillneededonhowtobettermeettheirbasicpsychologicalneedsandimprovetheirworkengagement.Forexample,schoolmanagementcanmeettheneedsofteachersforautonomyandcompetencebyoptimizingtheteachingenvironment,providingprofessionaltraining,andothermeans;Teacherscanalsomeettheirneedsforconnectionsbystrengtheningteambuildingandcreatingagoodcampusculture.中學教師的工作投入與其基本心理需求的滿足程度密切相關。未來研究可以進一步關注如何通過滿足教師的基本心理需求來提高他們的工作投入度，進而提升教育質量和教師的職業(yè)幸福感。學校和教育管理部門也應積極采取措施，為教師創(chuàng)造更好的工作環(huán)境和條件，促進他們的專業(yè)成長和職業(yè)發(fā)展。Theworkengagementofmiddleschoolteachersiscloselyrelatedtotheirlevelofsatisfactionwiththeirbasicpsychologicalneeds.Futureresearchcanfurtherfocusonhowtoimprovetheworkengagementofteachersbymeetingtheirbasicpsychologicalneeds,therebyenhancingthequalityofeducationandtheprofessionalhappinessofteachers.Schoolsandeducationmanagementdepartmentsshouldalsoactivelytakemeasurestocreateabetterworkingenvironmentandconditionsforteachers,promotetheirprofessionalgrowthandcareerdevelopment.三、研究方法Researchmethods本研究旨在探討中學教師工作投入與基本心理需求滿足之間的關系。為達到此目的，我們采用了問卷調查法和統(tǒng)計分析法進行研究。Thisstudyaimstoexploretherelationshipbetweenworkengagementandbasicpsychologicalneedssatisfactionamongmiddleschoolteachers.Toachievethisgoal,weusedquestionnairesurveyandstatisticalanalysismethodsforourresearch.我們設計了一份包含工作投入量表和基本心理需求滿足量表的問卷，以收集中學教師的工作投入和基本心理需求滿足情況的數(shù)據(jù)。問卷中的工作投入量表參考了國內外相關研究，包括教學投入、科研投入、組織投入等方面；基本心理需求滿足量表則根據(jù)馬斯洛的需求層次理論進行設計，包括生理需求、安全需求、社交需求、尊重需求和自我實現(xiàn)需求等方面。Wedesignedaquestionnairethatincludesaworkengagementscaleandabasicpsychologicalneedssatisfactionscaletocollectdataontheworkengagementandbasicpsychologicalneedssatisfactionofmiddleschoolteachers.Theworkengagementscaleinthequestionnairereferstorelevantdomesticandforeignresearch,includingteachinginvestment,researchinvestment,organizationalinvestment,etc;TheBasicPsychologicalNeedsSatisfactionScaleisdesignedbasedonMaslow'shierarchyofneedstheory,includingphysiologicalneeds,safetyneeds,socialneeds,esteemneeds,andselfactualizationneeds.在問卷發(fā)放方面，我們選擇了多個城市的中學進行隨機抽樣，以確保樣本的多樣性和代表性。通過電子郵件和紙質問卷兩種方式，我們向教師們發(fā)放了問卷，并鼓勵他們如實填寫。Intermsofquestionnairedistribution,weselectedmiddleschoolsfrommultiplecitiesforrandomsamplingtoensuresamplediversityandrepresentativeness.Wedistributedthequestionnairetotheteachersthroughemailandpaperquestionnaires,andencouragedthemtofillitouttruthfully.在數(shù)據(jù)分析方面，我們采用了描述性統(tǒng)計、相關分析和回歸分析等方法。我們對樣本的基本情況進行描述性統(tǒng)計，包括性別、年齡、教齡、學歷等人口統(tǒng)計學特征；我們利用相關分析探討了工作投入與基本心理需求滿足之間的關系；通過回歸分析，我們進一步揭示了基本心理需求滿足對工作投入的影響程度。Intermsofdataanalysis,weadoptedmethodssuchasdescriptivestatistics,correlationanalysis,andregressionanalysis.Weconductdescriptivestatisticsonthebasicinformationofthesample,includingdemographiccharacteristicssuchasgender,age,teachingexperience,educationlevel,etc;Weusedrelevantanalysistoexploretherelationshipbetweenworkengagementandthesatisfactionofbasicpsychologicalneeds;Throughregressionanalysis,wefurtherrevealedthedegreetowhichmeetingbasicpsychologicalneedsaffectsworkengagement.為確保研究的信度和效度，我們采用了多種措施。在問卷設計過程中，我們充分參考了國內外相關研究和理論，并邀請了專家進行評審和修改；在數(shù)據(jù)收集過程中，我們嚴格遵循了隨機抽樣的原則，并對數(shù)據(jù)進行了多次核對和整理；在數(shù)據(jù)分析過程中，我們采用了多種統(tǒng)計方法進行驗證，并對結果進行了反復檢查和討論。Toensurethereliabilityandvalidityofthestudy,wehaveadoptedvariousmeasures.Inthequestionnairedesignprocess,wefullyreferredtorelevantdomesticandforeignresearchandtheories,andinvitedexpertstoreviewandmodifythem;Intheprocessofdatacollection,westrictlyfollowedtheprincipleofrandomsamplingandconductedmultiplechecksandorganizationofthedata;Intheprocessofdataanalysis,weusedvariousstatisticalmethodsforvalidationandrepeatedlycheckedanddiscussedtheresults.本研究采用了問卷調查法和統(tǒng)計分析法相結合的方法，以揭示中學教師工作投入與基本心理需求滿足之間的關系。通過科學的研究設計和嚴格的數(shù)據(jù)分析，我們期望為提升中學教師的工作投入和滿足其基本心理需求提供有益的參考和啟示。Thisstudyadoptedacombinationofquestionnairesurveyandstatisticalanalysismethodstorevealtherelationshipbetweenworkengagementandbasicpsychologicalneedssatisfactionofmiddleschoolteachers.Throughscientificresearchdesignandrigorousdataanalysis,wehopetoprovideusefulreferencesandinsightsforenhancingtheworkengagementofmiddleschoolteachersandmeetingtheirbasicpsychologicalneeds.四、研究結果Researchresults本研究通過對中學教師工作投入與基本心理需求滿足關系的深入探究，發(fā)現(xiàn)二者之間存在顯著的關聯(lián)。以下是對研究結果的詳細闡述。Thisstudyconductedanin-depthexplorationoftherelationshipbetweenworkengagementandbasicpsychologicalneedssatisfactionamongmiddleschoolteachers,andfoundasignificantcorrelationbetweenthetwo.Thefollowingisadetailedexplanationoftheresearchresults.在工作投入方面，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)中學教師的工作投入水平普遍較高。這主要體現(xiàn)在教師們對教育事業(yè)的熱愛、對學生的關心以及對教學工作的專注。這種高投入狀態(tài)不僅體現(xiàn)在教學準備、課堂教學以及課后輔導等顯性工作環(huán)節(jié)，還體現(xiàn)在教師們對教育理念、教學方法等隱性方面的持續(xù)學習和探索。Intermsofworkengagement,researchhasfoundthathighschoolteachersgenerallyhaveahigherlevelofworkengagement.Thisismainlyreflectedintheloveofteachersfortheeducationindustry,theirconcernforstudents,andtheirfocusonteachingwork.Thishighinvestmentstateisnotonlyreflectedinexplicitworkprocessessuchasteachingpreparation,classroomteaching,andafter-schooltutoring,butalsointeachers'continuouslearningandexplorationofimplicitaspectssuchaseducationalconceptsandteachingmethods.在基本心理需求滿足方面，研究結果顯示大多數(shù)中學教師的基本心理需求得到了較好的滿足。這些需求包括歸屬感、自主性和勝任感。在歸屬感方面，教師們普遍感受到了來自學校、同事和學生的關心和支持；在自主性方面，教師們擁有一定的教學自主權，能夠根據(jù)自己的理解和學生的需求進行教學設計；在勝任感方面，教師們通過不斷的學習和實踐，提升了自己的教育教學能力，從而獲得了較高的勝任感。Intermsofmeetingbasicpsychologicalneeds,researchresultsshowthatthebasicpsychologicalneedsofmostmiddleschoolteachershavebeenwellmet.Theseneedsincludeasenseofbelonging,autonomy,andcompetence.Intermsofsenseofbelonging,teachersgenerallyfeelthecareandsupportfromschools,colleagues,andstudents;Intermsofautonomy,teachershaveacertaindegreeofteachingautonomyandcandesignteachingbasedontheirownunderstandingandtheneedsofstudents;Intermsofcompetence,teachershaveimprovedtheireducationalandteachingabilitiesthroughcontinuouslearningandpractice,thusobtainingahighsenseofcompetence.進一步的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，中學教師的工作投入與基本心理需求滿足之間存在正相關關系。即當教師的基本心理需求得到滿足時，他們的工作投入水平會相應提高；反之，當教師的基本心理需求得不到滿足時，他們的工作投入水平可能會下降。這一結果揭示了滿足教師基本心理需求對于提升他們的工作投入和教育教學質量的重要性。Furtheranalysisrevealsapositivecorrelationbetweentheworkengagementofmiddleschoolteachersandthesatisfactionofbasicpsychologicalneeds.Whenthebasicpsychologicalneedsofteachersaremet,theirlevelofworkengagementwillcorrespondinglyincrease;Onthecontrary,whenthebasicpsychologicalneedsofteachersarenotmet,theirlevelofworkengagementmaydecrease.Thisresultrevealstheimportanceofmeetingthebasicpsychologicalneedsofteachersinenhancingtheirworkengagementandthequalityofeducationandteaching.研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)不同性別、年齡、教齡以及職稱的教師在工作投入和基本心理需求滿足方面存在一定的差異。例如，年輕教師可能更加注重自主性和挑戰(zhàn)性的工作環(huán)境，而資深教師則可能更加重視歸屬感和穩(wěn)定的工作環(huán)境。因此，在管理和激勵中學教師時，應根據(jù)他們的不同特點和需求制定相應的策略。Thestudyalsofoundthattherearecertaindifferencesinworkengagementandbasicpsychologicalneedssatisfactionamongteachersofdifferentgenders,ages,teachingexperience,andprofessionaltitles.Forexample,youngteachersmayplacemoreemphasisonautonomyandchallengingworkenvironments,whileseniorteachersmayplacemoreemphasisonasenseofbelongingandastableworkenvironment.Therefore,whenmanagingandmotivatingmiddleschoolteachers,correspondingstrategiesshouldbeformulatedbasedontheirdifferentcharacteristicsandneeds.本研究結果表明中學教師的工作投入與基本心理需求滿足之間存在密切關聯(lián)。為了滿足教師的基本心理需求并提升他們的工作投入水平，學校和教育管理部門應該關注教師的個體差異、優(yōu)化工作環(huán)境、提供專業(yè)培訓和發(fā)展機會等措施，以促進教師的全面發(fā)展并提升教育教學質量。Theresultsofthisstudyindicateaclosecorrelationbetweentheworkengagementofmiddleschoolteachersandthesatisfactionofbasicpsychologicalneeds.Inordertomeetthebasicpsychologicalneedsofteachersandimprovetheirlevelofworkengagement,schoolsandeducationmanagementdepartmentsshouldpayattentiontoindividualdifferencesamongteachers,optimizetheworkenvironment,provideprofessionaltraininganddevelopmentopportunities,andothermeasurestopromotethecomprehensivedevelopmentofteachersandimprovethequalityofeducationandteaching.五、討論Discussion本研究探討了中學教師工作投入與基本心理需求滿足之間的關系，并得出了一些有意義的結論。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，中學教師的工作投入與其基本心理需求的滿足程度存在顯著的正相關關系。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)對于理解教師的工作動機和提高教學質量具有重要的理論和實踐意義。Thisstudyexplorestherelationshipbetweenworkengagementandbasicpsychologicalneedssatisfactionofmiddleschoolteachers,anddrawssomemeaningfulconclusions.Wefoundasignificantpositivecorrelationbetweentheworkengagementofmiddleschoolteachersandtheirsatisfactionwiththeirbasicpsychologicalneeds.Thisdiscoveryhasimportanttheoreticalandpracticalsignificanceforunderstandingteachers'workmotivationandimprovingteachingquality.從理論角度來看，本研究的結果支持了自我決定理論（Self-DeterminationTheory,SDT）的觀點。SDT認為，人們都有滿足基本心理需求的內在動機，包括自主性、勝任感和歸屬感。當這些需求得到滿足時，個體會表現(xiàn)出更高的工作投入和積極性。本研究的結果顯示，當中學教師的基本心理需求得到滿足時，他們的工作投入也會相應提高，這進一步驗證了SDT的理論框架。Fromatheoreticalperspective,theresultsofthisstudysupporttheviewpointofSelfDeterminationTheory(SDT).SDTbelievesthatpeoplehaveintrinsicmotivationtomeetbasicpsychologicalneeds,includingautonomy,competence,andasenseofbelonging.Whentheseneedsaremet,individualsdemonstratehigherworkengagementandenthusiasm.Theresultsofthisstudyindicatethatwhenthebasicpsychologicalneedsofmiddleschoolteachersaremet,theirworkengagementalsoincreasesaccordingly,whichfurthervalidatesthetheoreticalframeworkofSDT.從實踐角度來看，本研究的結果對于提高中學教師的教學質量和工作滿意度具有重要的指導意義。一方面，學校管理者應該關注教師的心理需求，為他們提供支持和幫助，以滿足他們的自主性、勝任感和歸屬感。例如，可以通過提供培訓和發(fā)展機會、賦予教師更多的自主權和決策權、建立良好的師生關系等方式來滿足教師的基本心理需求。另一方面，教師自身也應該意識到自己的心理需求對工作投入的重要性，并主動尋求滿足這些需求的方式。例如，可以通過參加專業(yè)培訓、積極參與學?；顒?、與學生建立良好的互動關系等方式來提高自己的工作投入和教學質量。Fromapracticalperspective,theresultsofthisstudyhaveimportantguidingsignificanceforimprovingtheteachingqualityandjobsatisfactionofmiddleschoolteachers.Ontheonehand,schooladministratorsshouldpayattentiontothepsychologicalneedsofteachersandprovidethemwithsupportandassistancetomeettheirautonomy,competence,andsenseofbelonging.Forexample,basicpsychologicalneedsofteacherscanbemetbyprovidingtraininganddevelopmentopportunities,empoweringthemwithmoreautonomyanddecision-makingpower,andestablishinggoodteacher-studentrelationships.Ontheotherhand,teachersthemselvesshouldalsobeawareoftheimportanceoftheirpsychologicalneedsforworkengagement,andactivelyseekwaystomeettheseneeds.Forexample,onecanimprovetheirworkengagementandteachingqualitybyparticipatinginprofessionaltraining,activelyparticipatinginschoolactivities,andestablishinggoodinteractiverelationshipswithstudents.然而，本研究還存在一些局限性。本研究只關注了中學教師的工作投入與基本心理需求滿足之間的關系，沒有考慮其他可能影響工作投入的因素，如工作環(huán)境、工資待遇、職業(yè)發(fā)展等。未來的研究可以進一步拓展這些因素對工作投入的影響。本研究采用的是橫截面數(shù)據(jù)，無法確定工作投入與基本心理需求滿足之間的因果關系。未來的研究可以采用縱向數(shù)據(jù)或實驗設計來進一步探討它們之間的因果關系。However,therearestillsomelimitationstothisstudy.Thisstudyonlyfocusedontherelationshipbetweenworkengagementandbasicpsychologicalneedssatisfactionofmiddleschoolteachers,withoutconsideringotherfactorsthatmayaffectworkengagement,suchasworkenvironment,salaryandbenefits,andcareerdevelopment.Futureresearchcanfurtherexpandtheimpactofthesefactorsonworkengagement.Thecross-sectionaldatausedinthisstudycannotdeterminethecausalrelationshipbetweenworkengagementandthesatisfactionofbasicpsychologicalneeds.Futureresearchcanuselongitudinaldataorexperimentaldesignstofurtherexplorethecausalrelationshipbetweenthem.本研究探討了中學教師工作投入與基本心理需求滿足之間的關系，并得出了一些有意義的結論。這些結論對于理解教師的工作動機和提高教學質量具有重要的理論和實踐意義。未來的研究可以進一步拓展相關影響因素和深入探討它們之間的因果關系。學校管理者和教師自身也應該關注教師的心理需求和工作投入問題，并采取有效的措施來提高教師的教學質量和工作滿意度。Thisstudyexplorestherelationshipbetweenworkengagementandbasicpsychologicalneedssatisfactionofmiddleschoolteachers,anddrawssomemeaningfulconclusions.Theseconclusionshaveimportanttheoreticalandpracticalsignificanceforunderstandingtheworkmotivationofteachersandimprovingteachingquality.Futureresearchcanfurtherexpandtherelevantinfluencingfactorsandexplorethecausalrelationshipsbetweenthemindepth.Schooladministratorsandteachersthemselvesshouldalsopayattentiontothepsychologicalneedsandworkengagementofteachers,andtakeeffectivemeasurestoimprovetheirteachingqualityandjobsatisfaction.六、結論與建議Conclusionandrecommendations本研究通過對中學教師工作投入與基本心理需求滿足關系的深入探究，揭示了兩者之間的緊密聯(lián)系。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，中學教師的工作投入程度與其基本心理需求的滿足程度呈顯著正相關。這一結論為我們理解教師工作動力、提升教育教學質量以及促進教師個人成長提供了新的視角。Thisstudyrevealsthecloserelationshipbetweenworkengagementandbasicpsychologicalneedssatisfactionofmiddleschoolteachersthroughin-depthexploration.Researchhasfoundasignificantpositivecorrelationbetweenthelevelofworkengagementofmiddleschoolteachersandtheirsatisfactionwiththeirbasicpsychologicalneeds.Thisconclusionprovidesanewperspectiveforustounderstandthemotivationofteachers,improvethequalityofeducationandteaching,andpromotetheirpersonalgrowth.具體而言，當教師的自主需求、勝任需求和關聯(lián)需求得到滿足時，他們的工作投入度會相應提高。這表明，學校管理者和教育行政部門應當關注教師的心理需求，為教師創(chuàng)造一個能夠滿足其基本心理需求的工作環(huán)境。例如，通過賦予教師更多的教學自主權，提供有針對性的職業(yè)發(fā)展培訓，以及建立良好的師生和同事關系，從而激發(fā)教師的工作熱情，提高他們的工作投入度。Specifically,whenteachers'autonomy,competence,andrelatedneedsaremet,theirworke