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阿拉伯香藥的輸入史及其對中醫(yī)藥的影響一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle《阿拉伯香藥的輸入史及其對中醫(yī)藥的影響》這篇文章旨在深入探討阿拉伯香藥的歷史輸入過程,以及這些外來藥物對中醫(yī)藥理論和實踐產(chǎn)生的深遠影響。文章首先回顧了阿拉伯香藥在古代絲綢之路上的傳播歷程,揭示了這些珍貴藥材如何跨越千山萬水,從遙遠的阿拉伯世界傳入中國。接著,文章分析了阿拉伯香藥在中醫(yī)藥中的具體應(yīng)用,包括其在方劑中的使用、對中藥炮制的影響等方面。文章還探討了阿拉伯香藥輸入對中醫(yī)藥學理論的影響,如對傳統(tǒng)藥性理論的補充和完善,以及對中藥配伍原則的啟示。文章總結(jié)了阿拉伯香藥輸入史對中醫(yī)藥發(fā)展的重要意義,展望了未來在這一領(lǐng)域可能的研究方向和應(yīng)用前景。通過對這一課題的深入研究,我們不僅可以更好地理解中醫(yī)藥的歷史演變和文化內(nèi)涵,也可以為現(xiàn)代中醫(yī)藥的創(chuàng)新發(fā)展提供有益的參考和啟示。Thearticle"TheHistoryoftheImportofArabicAromatherapyandItsImpactonTraditionalChineseMedicine"aimstodelveintothehistoricalimportprocessofArabicAromatherapy,aswellastheprofoundimpactoftheseforeigndrugsonthetheoryandpracticeoftraditionalChinesemedicine.ThearticlefirstreviewsthedisseminationprocessofArabfragrantherbsontheancientSilkRoad,revealinghowthesepreciousmedicinalherbscrossedmountainsandriversandwereintroducedtoChinafromthedistantArabworld.Next,thearticleanalyzedthespecificapplicationofArabicfragrantmedicineintraditionalChinesemedicine,includingitsuseinformulasanditsimpactontheprocessingoftraditionalChinesemedicine.ThearticlealsoexplorestheimpactofArabfragrantmedicineinputonthetheoryoftraditionalChinesemedicine,suchassupplementingandimprovingthetraditionaltheoryofmedicinalproperties,andprovidinginsightsintotheprinciplesoftraditionalChinesemedicinecompatibility.ThearticlesummarizestheimportantsignificanceofthehistoryoftheimportofArabicfragrantmedicineforthedevelopmentoftraditionalChinesemedicine,andlooksforwardtopossibleresearchdirectionsandapplicationprospectsinthisfieldinthefuture.Throughin-depthresearchonthistopic,wecannotonlybetterunderstandthehistoricalevolutionandculturalconnotationsoftraditionalChinesemedicine,butalsoprovideusefulreferenceandinspirationfortheinnovativedevelopmentofmoderntraditionalChinesemedicine.二、阿拉伯香藥的種類與特點TheTypesandCharacteristicsofArabicIncense阿拉伯香藥,作為古代絲綢之路上的重要貿(mào)易商品,種類繁多,各具特色。這些香藥多數(shù)源于印度次大陸、東南亞、以及阿拉伯半島等地,通過阿拉伯商人傳播至中國,成為中醫(yī)藥的重要組成部分。Arabicfragrantmedicine,asanimportanttradecommodityontheancientSilkRoad,hasawidevarietyanduniquecharacteristics.ThesefragrantmedicinesmostlyoriginatedfromtheIndiansubcontinent,SoutheastAsia,andtheArabianPeninsula,andwerespreadtoChinathroughArabmerchants,becominganimportantcomponentoftraditionalChinesemedicine.阿拉伯香藥的種類豐富多樣,包括但不限于沉香、沒藥、乳香、蘇合香、丁香等。沉香,具有深沉悠遠的香氣,被譽為“香中之王”,被廣泛用于中醫(yī)的香熏療法和藥物制劑中。沒藥,具有獨特的辛辣香氣,常被用于治療跌打損傷和瘀血疼痛。乳香,則以其甜美的香氣和舒緩的藥性受到青睞,常用于調(diào)和各種藥劑。蘇合香,則以其獨特的芬芳香氣和強效的藥理作用,被廣泛應(yīng)用于中醫(yī)的急救和鎮(zhèn)痛治療中。丁香,則以其獨特的辛香味道和溫中散寒的藥效,被廣泛應(yīng)用于中醫(yī)的消化系統(tǒng)疾病治療中。ThereareavarietyofArabicfragrances,includingbutnotlimitedtoagarwood,myrrh,frankincense,sycamore,cloves,etc.Agarwood,withadeepandlingeringaroma,isknownasthe"kingoffragrances"andiswidelyusedintraditionalChinesemedicine'saromatherapyandpharmaceuticalpreparations.Myrrh,withauniquespicyaroma,isoftenusedtotreatinjuriesandpaincausedbybruisesandbruises.Frankincenseisfavoredforitssweetaromaandsoothingmedicinalproperties,andiscommonlyusedtoblendvariousmedicines.Suhexiang,withitsuniquefragrantaromaandstrongpharmacologicaleffects,iswidelyusedintheemergencyandanalgesictreatmentoftraditionalChinesemedicine.Lilac,withitsuniquepungentflavorandmedicinaleffectofwarminganddispellingcold,iswidelyusedinthetreatmentofdigestivesystemdiseasesintraditionalChinesemedicine.阿拉伯香藥的特點主要體現(xiàn)在其獨特的藥理作用和香氣特性上。這些香藥多數(shù)具有溫中散寒、行氣活血、開竅醒神等功效,對于治療寒性疾病、促進血液循環(huán)、提神醒腦等方面具有顯著效果。它們的香氣也具有獨特的魅力,能夠調(diào)和人的情緒,舒緩壓力,提高生活質(zhì)量。ThecharacteristicsofArabicfragrantmedicinearemainlyreflectedinitsuniquepharmacologicaleffectsandaromacharacteristics.Mostofthesefragrantmedicineshavetheeffectsofwarmingthemiddleanddispersingcold,promotingqiandbloodcirculation,andawakeningthemind.Theyhavesignificanteffectsintreatingcolddiseases,promotingbloodcirculation,andrefreshingthemind.Theiraromaalsohasuniquecharm,whichcanharmonizepeople'semotions,relievestress,andimprovethequalityoflife.阿拉伯香藥的種類與特點使其成為中醫(yī)藥寶庫中的重要組成部分。它們不僅豐富了中醫(yī)藥的治療手段,也為我們提供了更多理解和利用自然資源的視角。通過對阿拉伯香藥的研究和應(yīng)用,我們可以更好地發(fā)掘和利用傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)藥的寶藏,為人類健康事業(yè)做出更大的貢獻。ThetypesandcharacteristicsofArabicincensemakeitanimportantcomponentofthetreasuretroveoftraditionalChinesemedicine.TheynotonlyenrichthetreatmentmethodsoftraditionalChinesemedicine,butalsoprovideuswithmoreperspectivesonunderstandingandutilizingnaturalresources.ThroughtheresearchandapplicationofArabicfragrances,wecanbetterexploreandutilizethetreasureoftraditionalmedicine,andmakegreatercontributionstohumanhealth.三、阿拉伯香藥輸入中國的歷史過程TheHistoricalProcessofArabicIncenseImportedintoChina阿拉伯香藥輸入中國的歷史過程是一個跨越千年、涉及多元文化和復(fù)雜貿(mào)易網(wǎng)絡(luò)的壯麗篇章。早在唐代,隨著絲綢之路的開通和繁榮,阿拉伯地區(qū)的香藥便開始了其向東方的漫長旅程。這些香藥,如沉香、沒藥、乳香等,不僅具有獨特的香氣和藥用價值,更承載著阿拉伯文化與智慧。ThehistoricalprocessoftheimportationofArabfragrancesintoChinaisamagnificentchapterspanningthousandsofyears,involvingdiverseculturesandcomplextradenetworks.AsearlyastheTangDynasty,withtheopeningandprosperityoftheSilkRoad,thefragrantmedicineintheArabregionbeganitslongjourneytowardstheeast.Thesefragrantmedicines,suchasagarwood,myrrh,frankincense,etc.,notonlyhaveuniquearomaandmedicinalvalue,butalsocarryArabcultureandwisdom.在宋元時期,中阿之間的香藥貿(mào)易達到了巔峰。阿拉伯商人通過海上絲綢之路,將大量的香藥運送到中國的港口城市,如廣州、泉州等。這些城市因此成為了香藥貿(mào)易的中心,吸引了眾多阿拉伯商人和文化的匯聚。在這一時期,阿拉伯香藥不僅被廣泛用于中醫(yī)藥的配伍和炮制,還深入到了中國人的日常生活中,成為了節(jié)慶、宗教儀式等場合的重要物品。DuringtheSongandYuandynasties,thetradeoffragrantmedicinesbetweenChinaandArabcountriesreacheditspeak.ArabmerchantstransportedalargeamountoffragrantmedicinetoChineseportcitiessuchasGuangzhouandQuanzhouthroughtheMaritimeSilkRoad.Thesecitieshavethusbecomecentersoffragrantmedicinetrade,attractingnumerousArabmerchantsandculturalgatherings.Duringthisperiod,ArabicfragrantmedicinewasnotonlywidelyusedintheformulationandprocessingoftraditionalChinesemedicine,butalsodeeplypenetratedintothedailylivesofChinesepeople,becominganimportantiteminfestivals,religiousceremonies,andotheroccasions.明清時期,盡管海上貿(mào)易受到一些波折和限制,但阿拉伯香藥在中國的影響仍然不可忽視。隨著歐洲勢力的東來和全球貿(mào)易格局的變化,阿拉伯香藥的輸入方式和渠道也發(fā)生了變化。然而,其在中國醫(yī)藥文化中的地位仍然穩(wěn)固,對中醫(yī)藥的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了深遠的影響。DuringtheMingandQingdynasties,despitesomesetbacksandrestrictionsonmaritimetrade,theinfluenceofArabfragrantmedicineinChinacannotbeignored.WiththeeastwardexpansionofEuropeanpowersandchangesintheglobaltradelandscape,theimportmethodsandchannelsofArabfragranceshavealsoundergonechanges.However,itspositioninChinesemedicalcultureremainsstableandhashadaprofoundimpactonthedevelopmentoftraditionalChinesemedicine.阿拉伯香藥輸入中國的歷史過程,不僅是一段貿(mào)易往來的歷史,更是一部文化交流與融合的歷史。它見證了中國與阿拉伯地區(qū)之間深厚的友誼和共同的文明追求,也為中醫(yī)藥的發(fā)展注入了新的活力和靈感。ThehistoricalprocessoftheimportofArabfragrantmedicineintoChinaisnotonlyahistoryoftradeexchanges,butalsoahistoryofculturalexchangeandintegration.ItwitnessestheprofoundfriendshipandcommonpursuitofcivilizationbetweenChinaandtheArabregion,andinjectsnewvitalityandinspirationintothedevelopmentoftraditionalChinesemedicine.四、阿拉伯香藥對中醫(yī)藥的影響TheinfluenceofArabicfragrantmedicineontraditionalChinesemedicine阿拉伯香藥,以其獨特的香氣和藥用價值,自古以來就深受世界各地人們的喜愛。這些來自阿拉伯地區(qū)的香藥,不僅對全球香料貿(mào)易產(chǎn)生了深遠影響,而且對中醫(yī)藥的發(fā)展也起到了積極的推動作用。Arabicfragrantmedicine,withitsuniquearomaandmedicinalvalue,hasbeenlovedbypeoplearoundtheworldsinceancienttimes.ThesefragrantmedicinesfromtheArabregionhavenotonlyhadaprofoundimpactonglobalspicetrade,butalsoplayedapositiveroleinpromotingthedevelopmentoftraditionalChinesemedicine.阿拉伯香藥的引入豐富了中醫(yī)藥的藥材庫。許多阿拉伯香藥如沒藥、乳香、丁香、沉香等,具有獨特的藥理作用和香氣,被中醫(yī)藥學所接納并廣泛應(yīng)用。這些藥材的加入,不僅增加了中醫(yī)藥的藥材種類,也為中醫(yī)藥的治療方法和方劑組合提供了更多的選擇。TheintroductionofArabicfragrantmedicinehasenrichedthemedicinalmateriallibraryoftraditionalChinesemedicine.ManyArabicfragrances,suchasmyrrh,frankincense,cloves,agarwood,etc.,haveuniquepharmacologicaleffectsandaromas,andarewidelyacceptedandappliedintraditionalChinesemedicine.TheadditionofthesemedicinalherbsnotonlyincreasesthevarietyoftraditionalChinesemedicine,butalsoprovidesmorechoicesforthetreatmentmethodsandformulacombinationsoftraditionalChinesemedicine.阿拉伯香藥的傳入促進了中醫(yī)藥學的國際交流。隨著阿拉伯香藥在中醫(yī)藥中的應(yīng)用,中醫(yī)藥學開始與阿拉伯醫(yī)學、印度醫(yī)學等其他醫(yī)學體系進行交流和融合。這種交流不僅有助于中醫(yī)藥學的國際化發(fā)展,也推動了中醫(yī)藥學的創(chuàng)新和發(fā)展。TheintroductionofArabicfragrantmedicinehaspromotedinternationalexchangesintraditionalChinesemedicine.WiththeapplicationofArabfragrantmedicineintraditionalChinesemedicine,traditionalChinesemedicinehasbeguntoexchangeandintegratewithothermedicalsystemssuchasArabmedicineandIndianmedicine.ThiskindofcommunicationnotonlycontributestotheinternationaldevelopmentoftraditionalChinesemedicine,butalsopromotesinnovationanddevelopmentoftraditionalChinesemedicine.阿拉伯香藥的應(yīng)用也豐富了中醫(yī)藥的治療手段。許多阿拉伯香藥具有獨特的香氣和藥理作用,可以通過熏香、佩戴、飲用等多種方式使用。這些使用方式不僅豐富了中醫(yī)藥的治療手段,也為中醫(yī)藥的治療提供了更多的可能性。TheapplicationofArabicfragrantmedicinehasalsoenrichedthetreatmentmethodsoftraditionalChinesemedicine.ManyArabfragranceshaveuniquearomasandpharmacologicaleffects,andcanbeusedthroughvariousmethodssuchasincense,wearing,anddrinking.TheseusagemethodsnotonlyenrichthetreatmentmethodsoftraditionalChinesemedicine,butalsoprovidemorepossibilitiesforthetreatmentoftraditionalChinesemedicine.阿拉伯香藥的傳入對中醫(yī)藥的文化內(nèi)涵也產(chǎn)生了影響。阿拉伯香藥所代表的東方文化和神秘氣息,為中醫(yī)藥文化注入了新的活力。阿拉伯香藥的應(yīng)用也促進了中醫(yī)藥文化的傳播和推廣,使更多的人了解和接受中醫(yī)藥文化。TheintroductionofArabicfragrantmedicinehasalsohadanimpactontheculturalconnotationsoftraditionalChinesemedicine.TheEasterncultureandmysteriousatmosphererepresentedbyArabfragrantmedicinehaveinjectednewvitalityintotraditionalChinesemedicineculture.TheapplicationofArabicfragrantmedicinehasalsopromotedthedisseminationandpromotionoftraditionalChinesemedicineculture,enablingmorepeopletounderstandandaccepttraditionalChinesemedicineculture.阿拉伯香藥對中醫(yī)藥的影響是多方面的。它不僅豐富了中醫(yī)藥的藥材庫和治療手段,促進了中醫(yī)藥學的國際交流和發(fā)展,還豐富了中醫(yī)藥的文化內(nèi)涵。因此,我們應(yīng)該珍視這一歷史遺產(chǎn),繼續(xù)深入研究阿拉伯香藥對中醫(yī)藥的影響,推動中醫(yī)藥學的不斷發(fā)展和創(chuàng)新。TheinfluenceofArabicfragrantmedicineontraditionalChinesemedicineismultifaceted.ItnotonlyenrichesthemedicinalmateriallibraryandtreatmentmethodsoftraditionalChinesemedicine,promotesinternationalexchangeanddevelopmentoftraditionalChinesemedicine,butalsoenrichestheculturalconnotationoftraditionalChinesemedicine.Therefore,weshouldcherishthishistoricalheritage,continuetoconductin-depthresearchontheimpactofArabfragrantmedicineontraditionalChinesemedicine,andpromotethecontinuousdevelopmentandinnovationoftraditionalChinesemedicine.五、阿拉伯香藥在現(xiàn)代中醫(yī)藥中的應(yīng)用與挑戰(zhàn)TheApplicationandChallengesofArabicAromatherapyinModernTraditionalChineseMedicine隨著全球化進程的加速和中醫(yī)藥學的國際化發(fā)展,阿拉伯香藥在現(xiàn)代中醫(yī)藥中的應(yīng)用逐漸受到廣泛關(guān)注。這些傳統(tǒng)的香藥,以其獨特的藥性和療效,為中醫(yī)藥學帶來了新的活力和可能性。然而,在這一過程中,也面臨著不少挑戰(zhàn)和問題。WiththeaccelerationofglobalizationandtheinternationalizationoftraditionalChinesemedicine,theapplicationofArabicfragrantmedicineinmodernChinesemedicinehasgraduallyreceivedwidespreadattention.Thesetraditionalfragrantmedicines,withtheiruniquemedicinalpropertiesandtherapeuticeffects,havebroughtnewvitalityandpossibilitiestotraditionalChinesemedicine.However,inthisprocess,therearealsomanychallengesandproblemstobefaced.現(xiàn)代中醫(yī)藥在繼承傳統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上,不斷吸收新的藥物資源和治療方法。阿拉伯香藥以其獨特的藥理作用,如辛香走竄、開竅醒神、芳香化濕、避穢除臭等,被廣泛用于中醫(yī)藥的多個領(lǐng)域。例如,在中藥制劑中,一些阿拉伯香藥被用來增強藥效,改善口感,或者作為輔助成分提升整體療效。在中醫(yī)的診療實踐中,阿拉伯香藥也常用于治療一些特定的疾病,如消化不良、感冒、頭痛等。Onthebasisofinheritingtradition,moderntraditionalChinesemedicinecontinuouslyabsorbsnewdrugresourcesandtreatmentmethods.ArabicfragrantmedicineiswidelyusedinmultiplefieldsoftraditionalChinesemedicineduetoitsuniquepharmacologicaleffects,suchaspungentfragrance,awakeningthemind,aromatizingdampness,avoidingimpuritiesanddeodorizing,etc.Forexample,intraditionalChinesemedicineformulations,someArabicfragrancesareusedtoenhanceefficacy,improvetaste,orasauxiliaryingredientstoenhanceoverallefficacy.InthediagnosisandtreatmentpracticeoftraditionalChinesemedicine,Arabicfragrantmedicineisalsocommonlyusedtotreatcertainspecificdiseases,suchasindigestion,colds,headaches,etc.盡管阿拉伯香藥在現(xiàn)代中醫(yī)藥中有著廣泛的應(yīng)用,但也面臨著一些挑戰(zhàn)和問題。由于阿拉伯香藥的藥理作用復(fù)雜,與中醫(yī)藥的傳統(tǒng)理論存在一定的差異,因此在應(yīng)用過程中需要進行適當?shù)恼{(diào)整和創(chuàng)新。阿拉伯香藥的來源和質(zhì)量控制也是一個重要的問題。由于產(chǎn)地、采摘時間、炮制方法等因素的不同,其藥效和安全性可能存在差異。因此,如何確保阿拉伯香藥的質(zhì)量和安全性,是中醫(yī)藥學界需要解決的重要問題。AlthoughArabicfragrantmedicinehasawiderangeofapplicationsinmoderntraditionalChinesemedicine,italsofacessomechallengesandproblems.DuetothecomplexpharmacologicaleffectsofArabicfragrantmedicineanditsdifferencesfromtraditionalChinesemedicinetheories,appropriateadjustmentsandinnovationsareneededintheapplicationprocess.ThesourceandqualitycontrolofArabicfragrancesarealsoimportantissues.Duetodifferencesinorigin,pickingtime,processingmethods,andotherfactors,theremaybedifferencesinitsefficacyandsafety.Therefore,howtoensurethequalityandsafetyofArabicfragrantmedicineisanimportantissuethatneedstobeaddressedinthefieldoftraditionalChinesemedicine.盡管面臨挑戰(zhàn),但阿拉伯香藥在現(xiàn)代中醫(yī)藥中的應(yīng)用前景仍然廣闊。隨著中醫(yī)藥學的國際化發(fā)展,越來越多的國際患者開始接受并認可中醫(yī)藥的治療方法。而阿拉伯香藥作為一種具有獨特療效的藥物資源,有望在未來的中醫(yī)藥發(fā)展中發(fā)揮更大的作用。隨著科學技術(shù)的進步,我們也可以利用現(xiàn)代科技手段對阿拉伯香藥進行更深入的研究和開發(fā),以推動中醫(yī)藥學的發(fā)展和創(chuàng)新。Despitefacingchallenges,theapplicationprospectsofArabicfragrantmedicineinmoderntraditionalChinesemedicinearestillbroad.WiththeinternationalizationoftraditionalChinesemedicine,moreandmoreinternationalpatientsarebeginningtoacceptandrecognizethetreatmentmethodsoftraditionalChinesemedicine.Asamedicinalresourcewithuniquetherapeuticeffects,ArabicfragrantmedicineisexpectedtoplayagreaterroleinthefuturedevelopmentoftraditionalChinesemedicine.Withtheadvancementofscienceandtechnology,wecanalsousemoderntechnologicalmeanstoconductmorein-depthresearchanddevelopmentonArabicfragrantmedicine,inordertopromotethedevelopmentandinnovationoftraditionalChinesemedicine.阿拉伯香藥在現(xiàn)代中醫(yī)藥中的應(yīng)用與挑戰(zhàn)并存。我們需要在保持中醫(yī)藥傳統(tǒng)特色的基礎(chǔ)上,積極吸收新的藥物資源和治療方法,同時也要面對并解決由此帶來的問題和挑戰(zhàn)。只有這樣,我們才能更好地推動中醫(yī)藥學的發(fā)展和創(chuàng)新,為人類的健康事業(yè)做出更大的貢獻。TheapplicationandchallengesofArabicfragrantmedicineinmoderntraditionalChinesemedicinecoexist.WeneedtoactivelyabsorbnewdrugresourcesandtreatmentmethodswhilemaintainingthetraditionalcharacteristicsoftraditionalChinesemedicine,whilealsofacingandsolvingtheproblemsandchallengesitbrings.OnlyinthiswaycanwebetterpromotethedevelopmentandinnovationoftraditionalChinesemedicine,andmakegreatercontributionstothecauseofhumanhealth.六、結(jié)論Conclusion通過對阿拉伯香藥輸入史及其對中醫(yī)藥的影響進行深入研究,我們可以清晰地看到,阿拉伯香藥不僅為中醫(yī)藥學帶來了豐富的藥材資源,更在藥物理論、制備工藝和治療方法等多個方面產(chǎn)生了深遠影響。這些影響不僅豐富了中醫(yī)藥的寶庫,也推動了中醫(yī)藥學的發(fā)展和創(chuàng)新。Throughin-depthresearchontheimporthistoryofArabicfragrantmedicineanditsimpactontraditionalChinesemedicine,wecanclearlyseethatArabicfragrantmedicinenotonlybringsabundantmedicinalresourcestotraditionalChinesemedicine,butalsohasaprofoundimpactondrugtheory,preparationtechnology,andtreatmentmethods.TheseinfluencesnotonlyenrichthetreasuretroveoftraditionalChinesemedicine,butalsopromotethedevelopmentandinnovationoftraditionalChinesemedicine.在藥材資源方面,阿拉伯香藥的引入極大地拓寬了中醫(yī)藥的用藥范圍。許多具有獨特藥效的香藥,如沒藥、乳香、沉香等,在中醫(yī)藥中得到了廣泛應(yīng)用,為治療各種疾病提供了新的選擇。Intermsofmedicinalresources,theintroductionofArabicfragrantmedicinehasgreatlyexpandedthescopeoftraditionalChinesemedicine.Manyfragrantmedicineswithuniquepharmacologicaleffects,suchasmyrrh,frankincense,agarwood,etc.,havebeenwidelyusedintraditionalChinesemedicine,providingnewchoicesforthetreatmentofvariousdiseases.在藥物理論方面,阿拉伯香藥的輸入促進了中醫(yī)藥對藥物性質(zhì)、功效和用藥方法的認識。阿拉伯醫(yī)學對藥物的分類、性味、功效等理論,為中醫(yī)藥學提供了新的視角和思考方式,推動了中醫(yī)藥理論的深化和完善。Intermsofdrugtheory,theinputofArabicfragrantmedicinehaspromotedtheunderstandingoftraditionalChinesemedicineintermsofdrugproperties,efficacy,andmedicationmethods.Theclassification,taste,andefficacyofdrugsinArabmedicinehaveprovidednewperspectivesandways

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