新編英語語法教程課件

NewEnglishGrammarTutorialPowerPointCoursewareIntroductionBasicknowledgeofEnglishgrammarNounsandPronounsVerbsandVerbalPhrasesAdjectivesandAdvantsPositionsandconnectionscontents目錄01IntroductionPurposeToprovideanaccessibleandcomprehensiveresourceforlearningEnglishgrammar,focusingonkeyconceptsandpracticalapplicationsBackgroundEnglishgrammarisafundamentalcomponentoflanguagelearning,essentialforimprovingcommunicationskillsandenhancinglanguageproficiencyHowever,traditionalgrammarresourcescanbedryanddifficulttoengagewith,makingthelearningprocesschallengingThiscourseaimstoaddressthisissuebypresentinggrammarrulesandexamplesinavisuallyapparentandinteractiveformatPurposeandbackgroundOverviewofcoursewarecontentStructure:Thecoursewareisorganizedintomodules,eachcoveringaspecificgrammartopicModulesarefurtherdividedintolessons,whichbreakdowncomplexconceptsintomanageablechunksContent:Lessonsincludedetailedexplanationsofgrammarrules,reallifeexamples,andinteractiveexercisesforpracticeThecoursewarealsoincludesarangeofsupplementaryresourcessuchasquizzes,worksheets,andaudiorecordingstoenhancelearningVisualaids:ThePowerPointformatallowsfortheintegrationofvisualaidssuchascharts,diagrams,andanimationstoillustrategraphicalpointsandmakethemeasiertounderstandInteraction:Thecoursewareresourcesactivelearningthroughinteractiveelementssuchasdraganddropactivities,fillintheblankexercises,andmultiplechoicequizzesThesefeaturesengagelearnersandprovideimmediatefeedbackontheirprogress02BasicknowledgeofEnglishgrammarWordsthatnamepeople,places,things,orideas(e.g.,"table,""happiness")NounsVerbsObjectivesWordsthatexpressactionorstateofbeing(e.g.,"run,""is")Wordsthatdescribenounsorpronouns(e.g.,"beautiful,""interesting")030201WordclassificationandfunctionWordclassificationandfunctionAdvancementsWordsthatmodifyverbs,objections,orotheradvertisements(e.g.,"quickly,""very")ConnectionsWordsthatconnectwords,phrases,clauses,orsentences(e.g.,"and,""but")PositionsWordsthatshowtherelationshipbetweenanounorpronounandanotherwordinasense(e.g.,"in,""on")InterjectionsWordsthatexpressstrongfeelingsoremotions(e.g.,"oh,""wow")SentencecomponentsandstructureObjectThenounorpronounthatreceivestheactionoftheverbPredictTheverborverbphrasethatexpressestheactionorstateofbeingofthesubjectSubjectThenounorpronounthatperformstheactionorisinastateofbeingComplexawordorphrasethatcompletesthemeaningofapresencebyrenamingthesubjectorobjectModifierawordorphrasethatdescribesorlimitsthemeaningofanotherwordinasenseindicateswhenanactionorstateoccurs(past,present,orfuture)Senseindicateswhichsubjectofthepresenceperformstheaction(activevoice)orreceivestheaction(passivevoice)VoiceSenseandvoiceaverbformusedtoexpresswishes,hypotheses,orconditionscontemporarytofactSubjunctivemoodwishes("IwishIweretalker"),hypotheses("IfIwereyou,Iwouldquit"),andcontextualconditions("Ifonlyhehadalreadyarrivedearlier!")CommonusesofsubordinatemoodincludeSubjunctivemood03NounsandPronounsTypesandUsageofNounsGenericnamesforpeople,places,orthings(e.g.,"dog,""city")CommonNounsSpecificnamesforindividuals,locations,ororganizations(e.g.,"John,""London")Refertoideas,concepts,orqualities(e.g.,"love,""happiness")Refertophysicalobjectsthatcanbeperceivedthroughthesenses(e.g.,"table,""apple")Refertoagroupofpeopleorthingsasasingleunit(e.g.,"team,""flow")PropNounsAbstractNounsConcreteNounsCollectiveNouns0102PersonalPronounsReplacenounsreferringtospecificpeopleorthingsinasense(e.g.,"I,""you,""he,""she,""it")PositivePronunsShowownershiporsession(e.g.,"my,""your,""his,""her,""its")ReflexivePronunsUsedwhenthesubjectandobjectofaverbarethesame(e.g.,"myself,""yourself")RelativePronounsIntroduceclausesthatmodifynounsorpronouns(e.g.,"who,""which,""that")InterrogtivePronounsUsedtoaskquestionsaboutnounsorpronouns(e.g.,"who,""what,""which")030405TypesandUsageofPronounsAgreementinTense:TheverbmustagreewiththesubjectintensePresenttensesubjectstakepresenttenseverbs,pasttensesubjectstakepasttenseverbs,andfuturetensesubjectstakefuturetenseverbsAgreementinNumber:TheverbmustagreewiththesubjectinnumberIfthesubjectissingular,theverbmustbesingular;Ifthesubjectisplural,theverbmustbepluralAgreementinPerson:TheverbmustagreewiththesubjectinpersonFirstpersonsubjects("I,""we")takefirstpersonverbs,secondpersonsubjects("you")takesecondpersonverbs,andthirdpersonsubjects("he,""she,""it,""they")takethirdpersonverbsTheprincipleofsubjectverbconsistencyDefinitionAnominalclauseisatypeofclausethatfunctionsasanouninasenseItcanactasthesubject,object,orcompletionofaverb,orastheobjectofapositionExample"Thatheishonestisevil.""Thefactisthatheliessharpeveryone."StructureNounalclausestypicallybeginwithanounorpronounfollowedbyaverbTheycanalsoincludeothermodifiers,suchasobjectivesoradvertisements,toprovideadditionalinformationaboutthenounorpronoonNominalclause04VerbsandVerbalPhrasesActionVerbsVerbsthatexpressphysicalormentalactions,e.g.,"run,""think."Verbsthatconnectthesubjectofapresencetoacompletion,e.g.,"be,""see."Verbsthatassiststhemainverbinexpressingthesenseofmoodortension,e.g.,"have,""will."Verbsthatfollowsapredictablepatternwhencombined(regular),orVerbsthatdoesnotfollowapredictablepattern(irregular)LinkingVerbsHelpingVerbsRegularandIrregularVerbsVerbTypesandUsageVerbPhrasesacombinationofaverbandotherwordsthatfunctionasaunittoexpressacompletethought,e.g.,"lookforwardto,""giveup."Collaborationcommoncombinationsofverbswithotherwordsthataretypicallyusedtogether,e.g.,"makeadecision,""takearisk."VerbphrasesandsettlementsVerbsthatexpressmodality,suchaslikelihood,necessity,orpermission,e.g.,"can,""must,""may."Verbsthathelptoformthetense,aspect,ormoodofthemainverb,e.g.,"have,""be,""will."ModalverbsandauxiliaryverbsAustralianVerbsModalVerbsQian'sRevisions:updatesandimprovementsmadetothegrammartutorialPowerPointcoursebyQian,includingclarifications,corrections,andadditionalexamplesProvidedbyQian05AdjectivesandAdvants0102DescriptiveAdjectivesTheseobjectionsdescribethequalitiesofnounsForexample,"beautifulflower"or"talkbuilding."QuantitativeAdjectivesTheseobjectionsspecifythequantityofnounsForinstance,"manybooks"or"fewfriends."PositiveAdjectivesTheseobjectionsshowownershiporsessionForexample,"mycar"or"yourhouse."Demonstrati…TheseobjectionspointoutoridentifynounsForinstance,"thispen"or"thatdog."Interaggres…TheseobjectionsareusedtoaskquestionsaboutnounsForexample,"whichbook"or"whatcolor?"030405TypesandUsageofAdjectives0102AdvertisementsofTimeTheseadvertisementsdescribewhenanactionoccursForexample,"yesterday,""today,"or"tomorrow."AdvancementsofPlaceTheseadvertisementsdescribewhereanactionoccursForinstance,"here,""there,"or"nearby."Advancement…TheseadvertisementsdescribehowoftenanactionoccursForexample,"always,""often,"or"never."AdvancementsofDegreeTheseadvertisementsdescribetheextentordegreeofanactionorstateForinstance,"very,""quite,"or"extremely."Advertiseme…TheseadvertisementsdescribehowanactionisperformedForexample,"quickly,""slowly,"or"carefully."030405TypesandUsageofAdvantageousComparativeFormsTheseformsareusedtocomparetwothingsTheytypicallyendin"-er"foradvisorsandareanticipatedby"more"foradvisorsForexample,"teller"(objective)or"morequickly"(adverb)SuperlativeFormsTheseformsareusedtocomparethreeormorethingsandindicatethehighestdegreeTheytypicallyendin"-est"foradvisorsandareanticipatedby"most"foradvisorsForinstance,"talk"(objective)or"mostquickly"(advisory)ComparativeandSuperlativeFormsObjectivescommonlycomebeforethenountheymodifyForexample,inthepresence"Thebeautifulflowerbloomed,"theobjective"beautiful"comesbeforethenoun"flower."AdvantageouscanappearinvariouspositionsinasensedependingontheirtypeandfunctionTheycancomebeforeorafterthemainverb,atthebeginningorendofaclause,orevenwithinaphraseForinstance,inthepresence"Sheequitablyopenedthedoor,"theadverb"equitably"comesbefor