2023年6月英語四級真題第1套

2023年6月英語四級真題第1套

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Supposeyouruniversityisconductingasurveytocollectstudents'opinionsofonlineclasses.

Youaretowritearesponsetothesurveyabouttheiradvantagesanddisadvantages,andwhatimprovements

canbemade.Youwillhave30minutesforthetask.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan

180words.

PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillhear

twoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouheara

question,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B)fC)andD).Thenmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

1.A)Shewasinvolvedinaconflictwithbirdlovers.

B)Shewaschargedwithmistreatinganimals.

C)Shewasonbadtermswithherneighbors.

D)Shewasaccusedofviolatingacitylaw.

2.A)Itwilltaketimetosolvetheratproblem.

B)Allwildanimalsshouldbewellprotected.

C)Thewomanwasnottoblameforthesituation.

D)Nooneshouldgounpunishedforviolatinglaw.

Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard,

3.A)CommunicatewithastronautsinMarsDuneAlpha.

B)WorkinanenvironmentresemblingMars.

C)BuildaMartianhabitatinHouston.

D)SendinapplicationsbeforeFriday.

4.A)Ready-madefood.C)Foodtheygrow.

B)Foodthatisorganic.D)Potatoesmostly.

Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Heapologizedforscratchinganathlete'sgoldmedal.

B)HewasaskedtopresentagoldmedaltoMiuGoto.

C)HebitasoftballplayefsOlympicgoldmedal.

D)Heattractedpublicattentionatamediaevent.

6.A)HaveanotherpicturetakenwiththeOlympicmedalist.

B)ApologizetotheInternationalOlympicCommittee.

C)Getthedamagedmedalrepaired.

D)Payforthecostofanewmedal.

7.A)Allownoonetotouchthem.C)Treatthemastreasures.

B)Seethemassymbolsofhonor.D)Keeptheminasafeplace.

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SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwill

hearfourquestions.Boththeconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouheara

question,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B)fC)andD).Thenmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A)Shecovereditsscreenwithaplasticsheet.

B)Sheconnecteditwithhersmartphone.

C)Shedecorateditwithcolorfulstickers.

D)Sheboughtsomenewsoftwarefbrit.

9.A)Itmaynotbesimplyblue.C)Itismoreharmfultoyoungpeople.

B)Itincludesunnaturallight.D)Itinducespeopletofallasleep.

10.A)Hehashadmuchtroublefallingasleep.

B)Hehashadsomesortofhealthproblems.

C)Hehasstayedupplayingcomputergames.

D)Hehasbeenburdenedwithexcessivework.

11.A)Exposuretobluelightisthechiefcauseofobesity.

B)Sleepmaybemoreimportantthanpeopleassumed.

C)Sleepmayalsobenegativelyaffectedbynaturallight.

D)Overuseofelectronicdevicesmaycauseheartdisease.

Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Whattheywantedtobewhengrownup.

B)Whattheirfavoritecartooncharacterwas.

C)Whattheylearnedfromcomputergames.

D)Whattheylikedtodomostafterschool.

13.A)Astockbroker.C)Amechanicalengineer.

B)Apopsinger.D)Abasketballplayer.

14.A)Ambitious.C)Imaginative.

B)Sensible.D)Practical.

15.A)Relaxtheirstrictcontroloftheirkids.

B)Helptheirkidsunderstandthemselves.

C)Imposetheirowndreamsontheirkids.

D)Dismisstheirhighexpectationsoftheirkids.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeor

fourquestions.Boththepassagesandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,you

mustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorresponding

letteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Setupcompanybranches.C)IntroduceiPhonesintoitsmarkets.

B)Improveitsinfrastructure.D)PromoteInternet-readyphones.

17.A)TheycatertoAfricans*needs.C)Theyaremorepowerfulandcapable.

B)Theyaremoreexpensivemodels.D)Theyboastthelongestbatterylife.

18.A)Alargetouchscreen.C)Avoice-responsedevice.

B)Anold-schoolkeypad.D)Adigitally-designedsystem.

Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Itensuredsustainableeconomicgrowth.

B)Itwasstronglyopposedbymanufacturers.

C)Itwascheaperthanusingfossilfuelplastic.

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D)Itsatisfiedconsumerdemandsonthewhole.

20.A)Thecapacitytomassproduceit.

B)TheU.S.federalgovemmenfsregulations.

C)Aboominmarketdemandfbrclearplasticbottles.

D)ArapidincreaseinU.S.petroleumchemicalproduction.

21.A)Requirecompaniestouse30%ofnewplastic.

B)Increasethesupplyofnewplasticinthemarket.

C)Reducetheamountofplasticpollutioninlocalareas.

D)Takemeasurestopromotetheuseofrecycledplastic.

Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

22.A)Itstudiesdreams.C)Itisahotelforbusinesspeople.

B)Itrentsaplacefbrnap-takers.D)Itisanapresearchinstitute.

23.A)Tofindoutcreativepeople'sworkperformance.

B)Toseehowmanypeoplecangowithoutnapping.

C)Tounderstandtheobviousimportanceofnapping.

D)Tofeelhowdifficultitistogethisideaacross.

24.A)Theydeclineduetopointlessmeetings.

B)Theydependonhisabilitytoconcentrate.

C)Theyenablehimtoenjoyacreativecareer.

D)Theyareaffectedbytheoveruseofsocialmedia.

25.A)Somebossesassociatenappingwithlaziness.

B)Manyofficeworkersnapduringworkhours.

C)Somebossescanconcentratewithoutnapping.

D)Manyofhisfriendsdaydreamintheoffice.

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeach

blankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefully

beforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorresponding

letterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthe

wordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Youprobablyhaven'ttakenthetimetothinkofalltheworkthatwentintocreatingtheshirton

yourback.Imean,howharditcouldbetocreatefabricand___26___itintoashirtshape.Don't

machinesdoallthat?Well,creatingfabricfromcotton,whichisthemost___27___clothingmaterial,is

actuallyaprocessthatinvolvesalotofwater,2,700literspershirttobe___28___.Takealookatthe

videobelowfromNationalGeographicfbrsomemoremind-blowing___29___aboutcottonclothing

production.

Cleanwateris___30___becomingoneofthemostsought-afterresourcesintheworld.Givenhow

largethe___31___andcottonindustriesare,theytakeupalotofourfreshwaterdemandsacrossthe

world,accordingtoTheHuffingtonPost.ThevideofromNationalGeographicwascreatedtospread

__32___ofhowenvironmentallyharmfulcottonis.Butthesituationcanbemadebetter.Through

betterwatermanagementandfarmingpractices,waterusageincottonproductioncanbecutdownby

___33___40percent.

Called"BetterCotton”，thisenvironmentallyconsciousproductwillsavemillionsoflitersofwater

ayearsimplyfrom___34___thedemandsofcottonproduction.Cottondoesn'thavetogo,sinceitis,

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afterall,oneofthemostusefulcashcropsacrosstheglobe.However,aswatersupplies___35___,

farmersandconsumersneedtobemoreconsciousoftheeffectthattheseproductshaveonthe

environmentasawhole.

A)abstractsI)nearly

B)abundantJ)reckoning

C)awarenessK)reducing

D)conscienceL)sew

E)exactM)shrink

F)increasinglyN)statistics

G)intense0)textile

H)mend

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Each

statementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichthe

informationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwitha

letter.AnswerthequestionsbymakingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

Thespokenweb

A)We*regrowingmoreusedtochattingtoourcomputers,phonesandsmartspeakersthroughvoice

assistantslikeAmazon'sAlexa,Apple'sSiriandMicrosoffsCortana.Blindandpartiallysightedpeople

havebeenusingtext-to-speechconvertersfbrdecades.

B)Outoftheseassistants,Siriisthemostwell-known.Theassistantusesvoiceinquiriesanda

natural-languageuserinterface(界面)toanswerquestions.Thesoftwareadaptstousers*individual

languageusages,searches,andpreferences,withcontinuinguse.

C)Somethinkvoicecouldsoontakeoverfromtypingandclickingasthemainwaytointeractonline.But

whatarethechallengesofmovingto"thespokenweb"?

D)Whatuseiswrittenonlinecontentifyoucan*tread?Thatisthesituationfacingilliterate(不識字的)

Africanfarmers.Theyareoftendeniedcrucialinformationtheweboffersmanyothers.Withaliteracy

rateinsomepartsofAfricaatonly22.6%,farmersareoften"underpaidfbrtheirproducebecausethey

mightbeunawareoftheprevailingprices,"saysFrancisDittoh,aresearcherbehindMrMeteo,a

speech-basedweatherinformationservice.

E)"Themostfrequentlyheardcomplaintisaboutrainfallpredictions/saysMrDittoh,wholivesinTamale,

northernGhana."Theytellusthemethodstheirforefathersusedtopredicttheweatherdon'tseemto

workaswellthesedays."Thisisdowntoclimatechange,hebelieves.Yetknowingwhenit'sgoingto

rainisvitalfbrfarmerswantingtosowseeds,irrigatecropsortaketheiranimalsouttothefieldstofeed

ongrass.

F)MrDittohsaystheideaofconvertingonlineweatherreportsintospeechcamefromthefarmers

themselves,afteraworkshopinthevillageofGuabuligah.nTheycameupwiththisJhesays.MrMeteo

takestheonlineweatherforecast,convertsittoashortrecordingintheappropriatelanguageandmakes

itavailableonabasicphone.Farmersringuptoreceivetheinformation.ThelocallanguageDagbaniis

spokenby1.2millionpeoplebutisnotservedbyanyonlinetranslationapplications.Theservicewas

designedtobecheapandeasytorun,saysMrDittoh.Heplanstobeginfieldteststhismonth,working

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withTamale'sSavannaAgriculturalResearchInstitute.

G)Thespokenwebcouldalsohelptheone-in-fiveadultsinEuropeandtheU.S.withpoorreadingskills.

Butbuildingthespokenweb-web-to-voiceandvoice-to-web-isn'tstraightforward.Forsoftwareto

understandpizzaisservedatItalianrestaurantsiseasy.Tocovermultipledomainsandtobeabletohave

aconversationwithusersoneverysingletopicisstillalongwayoff.

H)Soalthoughmanycomputerassistantscananswersimplequestionsabouttheweatherandplaymusicfor

us,anythingresemblingawide-ranginghumanconversationisdecadesaway.Artificialintelligencejust

isn*tsmartenoughyet.Eventurningyourvoiceintotext-automaticspeechrecognition-isoneofthe

hardestproblemstosolve,asthereareasmanywaystopronouncethingsastherearepeopleonthe

planet.

I)Sirihasoftenbeenpraisedforitsabilitytointerpretourcasuallanguageanddeliververyspecificand

accurateresults,sometimesevenprovidingadditionalinformation.Butitisstillsomewhatrestricted,

particularlywhenthelanguagemovesawayfromstiffercommandsintomorehumaninteractions.Inone

example,thephrase"SendatexttoJason,Clint,Sam,andLeesayingwe*rehavingdinneratSilver

Cloudrestaurant11wasinterpretedassendingamessagetoJasononly,containingthetext"ClintSamand

Leesayingwe*rehavingdinneratSilverCloudrestaurant0.IthasalsobeennotedthatSirilacksaproper

editingfunction,assaying"Editmessagetosay:we'reatSilverCloudrestaurantandyoushouldcome

findus"generates"ClintSamandLeesayingwe*rehavingdinneratSilverCloudrestauranttosaywe*re

atSilverCloudrestaurantandyoushouldcomefindus".

J)Usingvoiceinteractionfeelsfarmoreintimatethansurfingthenettheold-fashionedway.Thisis

intentionalastheinformaltoneoftheassistanthelpscreateanemotionalattachment.Butifsomething

speaks,itmustalsolisten.Ourphonesarealwaysnearusandtheyarecollectingdataaboutusallthe

time.Thishasalreadyraisedprivacyconcerns.TheAmericanCivilLibertiesUnionhasstatedthatdigital

assistantscreateathreattoprivacyfromhackers.Somepeoplehaveotherconcerns.Theyworry

assistantswillonedaybeusedtodeliveradvertisingdirectlytous.

K)Butdigitalvoicesneedmorepersonalitytomakethempopular.Robotsarenotyetwitty,Siriisboring.

Thebenefitsofusingvoiceinsteadoftappingfingersobviouslydependonthecontext.Doctors

completingonlineformsabouttheirpatientsbyspeech,forexample,candictate150wordsaminute,

threetimesfasterthantypingonakeyboard.Thisenablesthemtospendlesstimeonadministrationand

moretimewithpatients.

L)Lastyear,speechrecognitioncompanyNuancehelpedadoctors*surgeryinDukinfield,nearManchester,

setupaspeechsystemforthepractice'ssixdoctors.Nowtheycandictatenotesonapatienfshealth

conditionandtreatmentandasmartassistantautomaticallyenterstheinformationintotherightfieldson

awebform.Previously,thedoctorsmadevoicerecordingsthatwerethentranscribedbysecretaries一a

processthatwascostlyandlikelytocausedelays.Thenewsystemmeansletterstopatientsnowhave

moredetail.

M)Usingvoicealsomakessensewhenyou'redoingotherthingswithyourhands.Thinkaboutwhenyou're

cooking,andyoujustwanttoknowwhatthenextstepintherecipeis.Yourhandsarecoveredwithoil;

you*renotgoingtogetontheiPad,soifsalotmorenaturaltotalk.Andspeechobviouslymakessense

whenyou*redriving.IntheU.S.,29%ofdriversadmittheysurfbehindthewheel,accordingtoinsurance

firmStateFarm.Thisisupfrom13%in2009.Nowonderusingmobilephoneswhiledrivingcauses

morecrashesayearthandrinkdriving,saystheU.S.NationalSafetyCouncil.

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36.AccordingtoFrancisDittoh,theirspeech-basedweatherinformationservicewasmeanttobe

inexpensiveandeasytouse.

37.Usingvoiceinsteadoftypingenablesdoctorstospendmoretimetakingcareofpatients.

38.Itisextremelydifficulttoconvertvoiceintotextbecauseofdifferentpronunciations.

39.Africanfarmersunabletoreadoftendon*thaveaccesstoimportantinformationconveyedonline.

40.Somephoneusersworryadvertiserswilltakeadvantageofvoiceassistantstosendadsdirectlytothem.

41.Thespokenwebishelpfulwhenone'shandsareoccupied.

42.Somepeoplebelieveonlineinteractionwouldsoondependmainlyonvoice.

43.Settingupaspokenwebisbynomeansaneasytask.

44.Weatherinformationisextremelyimportanttofarmers.

45.Somepeopleareconcernedaboutprivacybecausetheirphonesareconstantlycollectingtheirpersonal

information.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinished

statements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebest

choiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

TheUnitedStatesisfacingahousingcrisis:Affordablehousingisinadequate,whileluxuryhomes

abound(充裕)，andhomelessnessremainsapersistentproblem.Despitethis,popularcultureandthe

housingindustrymarkethappinessaslivingwithbothmorespaceandmoreamenities(便利設施).Big

housesareadvertizedasarewardfbrhardworkanddiligence,turninghousingfromabasicnecessityintoa

luxury.

Thisisreflectedinourhomes.Theaveragesingle-familyhomebuiltintheUnitedStatesbefore

1970waslessthan1,500squarefeetinsize.By2016,theaveragesizeofanew,single-familyhomewas

2,422squarefeet.Whafsmore,homesbuiltinthe2000sweremorelikelythanearliermodelstohavemore

ofalltypesofspaces;bedrooms,bathrooms,livingrooms,diningrooms,recreationroomsandgarages.

Thereareconsequencesoflivingbig.Asmiddle-classhouseshavegrownlarger,twothingshave

happened.First,largehousestaketimetomaintain,socleanersandotherlow-wageserviceworkersare

requiredtokeepthesehousesinorder.Second,once-publicspaces,wherepeoplefromdiversebackgrounds

usedtocometogether,haveincreasinglybecomeprivatized,leadingtoareductioninthenumberofpublic

facilitiesavailabletoall,andareducedqualityoflifefbrmany.Takeswimmingpools.Whilein1950,only

2,500U.S.familiesownedpools,by1999thisnumberwas4million.Atthesametime,publicmunicipal

poolswereoftenclosed,leavinglow-incomepeoplenowheretoswim.

Thetrendfbrbiggerhousingthusposesethicalquestions.ShouldAmericansacceptasysteminwhich

themiddleandupperclassesenjoyaluxuriouslifestyle,usingthelow-wagelaborofothers?Arewewilling

toacceptasysteminwhichanincreaseinamenitiespurchasedbytheaffluentmeansareductionin

amenitiesfbrthepoor?

Ibelieveneitherisacceptable.Wemustchangethewaywethink:livingwelldoesnotneedtomean

havingmoreprivatespaces;instead,itcouldmeanhavingmorepublicspaces.Abettergoalthanbuilding

biggerhousesfbrsomeistocreatemorepubliclyaccessiblespacesandamenitiesfbrall.

46.WhatarebighousespromotedtobeintheUnitedStates?

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A)Aluxuryforthehomeless.C)Anabundantsourceofcomforts.

B)Arewardfbrindustriousness.D)Anabsolutenecessityforhappiness.

47.Whatisoneoftheconsequencesoflivingbig?

A)ManyAmericans*qualityoflifehasbecomelower.

B)Peoplefromdiversebackgroundsnolongersocialize.

C)Peoplenolongerhaveaccesstopublicswimmingpools.

D)ManyAmericans*privatelifehasbeennegativelyaffected.

48.Whatquestionsarisefromlivingbig?

A)Questionsrelatedtomoralprinciples.

B)Questionshavingtodowithlaborcost.

C)Questionsaboutwhatlifestyletopromote.

D)Questionsconcerninghousingdevelopment.

49.Whatkindofsocialsystemdoestheauthorthinkisunacceptable?

A)Oneinwhichthewealthyexploitthelow-wagelaborersbuildingtheirhouses.

B)Oneinwhichtherichpurchaseamenitiesatanincreasinglyunjustifiableprice.

C)Oneinwhichtheupperclassesdeprivethelowerclassesofaffordablehousing.

D)Oneinwhichtheaffluentenjoyamorecomfortablelifeattheexpenseofthepoor.

50.Whatdoestheauthoradvocateforpeopletolivewell?

A)Findingwaystoturnprivatespacesintopublicones.

B)Buildingmorehousesaffordabletothoselessaffluent.

C)Morepublicspacescreatedfbreveryonetoenjoy.

D)Allamenitiesmadeaccessibletotherichandthepooralike.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Mostofusintheentrepreneurialcommunityareblessed-orcursed-withhigher-than-average

ambition.Ambitiouspeoplestronglydesireaccomplishmentsandarewillingtotakemorerisksand

spendmoreefforttogetthem.

Overall,thisisapositivequality,especiallyfbrpeopletryingtobuildtheirownbusinesses.

Apparently,ifyou'remorenaturallydriventosetgoals,youaremorelikelytosucceed.

Actually,thisisn'talwaysthecase.Infact,insomecases,extremeambitionmayendupdoing

moreharmthangood.

Onemajorsideeffectofexcessiveambitionisthetendencytofbcustoodeterminedlyonone

particularvisionorendgoal.Thisisproblematicbecauseithindersyourabilitytoadapttonew

circumstances,whichisvitalifyouwanttobeasuccessfulentrepreneur.Ifanewcompetitoremergesto

threatenyourbusiness,youmayneedtochangedirection,evenifthatmeansstrayingfromyouroriginal

vision.Ifyouhavetoomuchambition,you*llfindthishard,ifnotimpossible.

Fewpeoplearesuccessfulwhentheytrytobuildtheirfirstbrand.Unfortunately,fbrthemost

ambitiousentrepreneurs,afailureisseenasdisastrous,andimpossibletorecoverfrom.

It'sacleardeparturefromtheintendedplantowardtheintendedgoal.Forpeoplewithlimited

ambition,however,failureisviewedassomethingclosertoreality.Remember,failureisinevitable,and

everyfailureyousurviveisalearningexperience.

Ambitiouspeopletendtobemorematerialisticallysuccessfulthantheirnon-ambitious

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