幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度研究

幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度研究一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle隨著社會的發(fā)展和性別平等觀念的深入人心，性別角色和性別行為逐漸成為人們關注的焦點。特別是在兒童教育領域，對幼兒的性別認知和社會化過程的研究顯得尤為重要。本研究旨在深入探討幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度，以期為教育實踐和政策制定提供科學的參考依據(jù)。Withthedevelopmentofsocietyandthedeepeningofgenderequalityconcepts,genderrolesandbehaviorshavegraduallybecomethefocusofpeople'sattention.Especiallyinthefieldofchildren'seducation,researchonthegendercognitionandsocializationprocessofyoungchildrenisparticularlyimportant.Theaimofthisstudyistoexploreindepththecognitionandattitudeofyoungchildrentowardsmalefemaletoiletseparation,inordertoprovidescientificreferenceforeducationalpracticeandpolicyformulation.本研究將從理論和實踐兩個層面對幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度進行全面分析。在理論層面，我們將回顧和梳理相關文獻，探討性別角色理論、性別認同理論以及性別社會化理論在幼兒階段的應用和發(fā)展。在實踐層面，我們將通過問卷調查、觀察法、訪談法等研究方法，收集幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度的數(shù)據(jù)，分析不同年齡、性別、家庭背景等因素對幼兒性別行為的影響。Thisstudywillcomprehensivelyanalyzethecognitionandattitudeofyoungchildrentowardsmaleandfemaletoiletseparationfromboththeoreticalandpracticalperspectives.Atthetheoreticallevel,wewillreviewandorganizerelevantliteraturetoexploretheapplicationanddevelopmentofgenderroletheory,genderidentitytheory,andgendersocializationtheoryinearlychildhood.Atthepracticallevel,wewilluseresearchmethodssuchasquestionnairesurveys,observation,andinterviewstocollectdataonchildren'scognitionandattitudestowardsmaleandfemaletoiletsharing,andanalyzetheimpactoffactorssuchasage,gender,andfamilybackgroundonchildren'sgenderbehavior.本研究的意義在于，通過了解幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度，有助于我們更好地理解幼兒的性別認知發(fā)展過程和性別社會化機制。研究結果可以為幼兒園和學校的教育實踐提供指導，幫助教育者制定更加符合幼兒性別發(fā)展特點的教育方案。本研究還有助于推動社會對性別平等觀念的深入認識，為構建更加包容和平等的社會環(huán)境貢獻力量。Thesignificanceofthisstudyisthatunderstandingyoungchildren'scognitionandattitudestowardsmalefemaletoiletseparationcanhelpusbetterunderstandtheprocessofgendercognitivedevelopmentandgendersocializationmechanismsinyoungchildren.Theresearchresultscanprovideguidanceforeducationalpracticesinkindergartensandschools,andhelpeducatorsdevelopeducationalprogramsthataremoreinlinewiththegenderdevelopmentcharacteristicsofyoungchildren.Thisstudyalsocontributestopromotingadeeperunderstandingofgenderequalityinsocietyandcontributingtotheconstructionofamoreinclusiveandequalsocialenvironment.二、文獻綜述Literaturereview近年來，隨著兒童心理發(fā)展研究的深入，幼兒性別角色的形成與認知逐漸受到學者們的關注。其中，幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度，作為性別角色社會化的一個重要方面，也開始受到研究者的重視。通過對相關文獻的梳理，發(fā)現(xiàn)國內外在這一領域的研究主要集中在以下幾個方面。Inrecentyears,withthedeepeningofresearchonchildren'spsychologicaldevelopment,theformationandcognitionofgenderrolesinyoungchildrenhavegraduallyreceivedattentionfromscholars.Amongthem,thecognitionandattitudeofyoungchildrentowardsmaleandfemaletoiletsharing,asanimportantaspectofgenderrolesocialization,havealsobeguntoreceiveattentionfromresearchers.Throughthereviewofrelevantliterature,itwasfoundthatresearchinthisfieldbothdomesticallyandinternationallymainlyfocusesonthefollowingaspects.關于幼兒性別認知的研究。許多心理學和教育學的研究表明，幼兒在早期就開始對男女之間的差異產生興趣，并逐漸形成對性別的基本認知。這一過程中，家庭、幼兒園等社會環(huán)境起到了重要的影響作用。因此，男女分廁作為幼兒園日常生活中的一項規(guī)定，無疑會對幼兒的性別認知產生影響。Researchongendercognitioninyoungchildren.Manystudiesinpsychologyandeducationhaveshownthatyoungchildrenbegintodevelopaninterestinthedifferencesbetweenmenandwomenatanearlystage,andgraduallydevelopabasicunderstandingofgender.Duringthisprocess,socialenvironmentssuchasfamiliesandkindergartenshaveplayedanimportantrole.Therefore,asaruleinthedailylifeofkindergartens,theseparationofmaleandfemaletoiletsundoubtedlyhasanimpactonchildren'sgendercognition.關于幼兒對男女分廁的態(tài)度研究。國內外的研究表明，幼兒對于男女分廁的態(tài)度存在明顯的年齡和性別差異。一般來說，隨著年齡的增長，幼兒對于男女分廁的接受程度會逐漸提高。同時，男孩和女孩在對待男女分廁的態(tài)度上也存在差異，這可能與他們的性別角色認同有關。Astudyontheattitudesofyoungchildrentowardsseparatetoiletsformenandwomen.Researchbothdomesticallyandinternationallyhasshownthattherearesignificantageandgenderdifferencesinyoungchildren'sattitudestowardsmaleandfemaletoiletsharing.Generallyspeaking,aschildrengrowolder,theiracceptanceofmaleandfemalerestroomswillgraduallyincrease.Atthesametime,therearedifferencesinattitudesbetweenboysandgirlstowardsmaleandfemaletoiletsharing,whichmayberelatedtotheirgenderroleidentification.還有研究關注了男女分廁對幼兒社會性發(fā)展的影響。有研究表明，適當?shù)男詣e隔離有助于幼兒形成正確的性別角色意識，并促進他們的社會化進程。然而，過度的性別隔離也可能導致幼兒對異性的好奇心和探索欲望受到抑制，從而影響其性別角色的靈活性和包容性。Therearealsostudiesfocusingontheimpactofmaleandfemaletoiletseparationonthesocialdevelopmentofyoungchildren.Researchhasshownthatappropriategendersegregationhelpsyoungchildrendevelopcorrectgenderroleawarenessandpromotestheirsocializationprocess.However,excessivegendersegregationmayalsosuppressyoungchildren'scuriosityanddesiretoexploretheoppositesex,therebyaffectingtheirflexibilityandinclusivenessingenderroles.幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度是一個復雜而多元的問題。它涉及到幼兒的性別認知、性別角色認同、社會性發(fā)展等多個方面。因此，在未來的研究中，我們需要更加全面地考慮這些因素，以更深入地了解幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度，并為幼兒園的教育實踐提供更有針對性的指導。Thecognitionandattitudeofyoungchildrentowardsmaleandfemaletoiletseparationisacomplexanddiverseissue.Itinvolvesmultipleaspectsofyoungchildren'sgendercognition,genderroleidentification,andsocialdevelopment.Therefore,infutureresearch,weneedtoconsiderthesefactorsmorecomprehensivelyinordertogainadeeperunderstandingofyoungchildren'scognitionandattitudestowardsmaleandfemaletoiletseparation,andtoprovidemoretargetedguidanceforeducationalpracticeinkindergartens.三、研究方法Researchmethods本研究采用定量與定性相結合的研究方法，以全面深入地了解幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度。Thisstudyadoptsacombinationofquantitativeandqualitativeresearchmethodstocomprehensivelyanddeeplyunderstandthecognitionandattitudeofyoungchildrentowardsmalefemaletoiletseparation.設計問卷以了解幼兒對男女分廁的基本認知、態(tài)度和日常行為習慣。問卷將包括封閉式問題和開放式問題，以收集幼兒對男女分廁的明確觀點和對相關情境的反應。同時，為了獲取更準確的幼兒反饋，我們將與幼兒進行面對面的問卷填寫，確保他們理解問題并準確表達自己的觀點。Designaquestionnairetounderstandthebasiccognition,attitude,anddailybehaviorhabitsofyoungchildrentowardsmaleandfemaletoiletseparation.Thequestionnairewillincludebothclosedendedandopen-endedquestionstocollectclearviewsofyoungchildrenonmalefemaletoiletsharingandtheirresponsestorelevantsituations.Atthesametime,inordertoobtainmoreaccuratefeedbackfromyoungchildren,wewillconductface-to-facequestionnaireswiththemtoensurethattheyunderstandtheproblemandaccuratelyexpresstheiropinions.在自然環(huán)境下，觀察幼兒在使用廁所時的行為和態(tài)度。這包括他們在不同性別廁所的使用情況、對廁所環(huán)境的反應以及與其他幼兒的互動等。觀察法有助于我們了解幼兒在實際生活中的行為和態(tài)度，以及他們是否遵循男女分廁的規(guī)則。Observethebehaviorandattitudeofyoungchildrenwhenusingthetoiletinanaturalenvironment.Thisincludestheirusageoftoiletsofdifferentgenders,theirreactionstothetoiletenvironment,andtheirinteractionwithotheryoungchildren.Theobservationmethodhelpsusunderstandthebehaviorandattitudesofyoungchildreninreallife,aswellaswhethertheyfollowtheruleofgendersharingtoilets.通過與幼兒進行深入的訪談，了解他們對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度背后的原因和動機。訪談將采用開放式問題，鼓勵幼兒表達自己的觀點和感受。同時，我們將注意訪談過程中的非言語信息，如表情、動作等，以更全面地了解幼兒的內心世界。Byconductingin-depthinterviewswithyoungchildren,weaimtounderstandthereasonsandmotivationsbehindtheirunderstandingandattitudestowardsseparatemaleandfemalerestrooms.Theinterviewwilluseopen-endedquestionstoencourageyoungchildrentoexpresstheiropinionsandfeelings.Atthesametime,wewillpayattentiontonon-verbalinformationduringtheinterviewprocess,suchasexpressions,actions,etc.,inordertogainamorecomprehensiveunderstandingoftheinnerworldofyoungchildren.查閱相關文獻，了解國內外關于幼兒性別認知和行為習慣的研究成果和理論。這有助于我們更好地理解幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度，并為本研究提供理論支持。Refertorelevantliteraturetounderstandtheresearchresultsandtheoriesongendercognitionandbehavioralhabitsofyoungchildrenbothdomesticallyandinternationally.Thishelpsustobetterunderstandyoungchildren'scognitionandattitudetowardsmalefemaletoiletseparation,andprovidestheoreticalsupportforthisstudy.綜合運用以上研究方法，我們將全面深入地了解幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度，為未來的教育和實踐提供有價值的參考。Byapplyingtheaboveresearchmethodscomprehensively,wewillgainacomprehensiveandin-depthunderstandingofyoungchildren'scognitionandattitudestowardsmaleandfemaletoiletseparation,providingvaluablereferencesforfutureeducationandpractice.四、研究結果Researchresults本研究通過問卷調查和訪談的方式，深入了解了幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度。結果顯示，大多數(shù)幼兒對男女分廁的概念有基本的了解，知道男生和女生應該在不同的廁所進行如廁。然而，對于為什么要分廁，以及分廁的重要性，他們的理解還不夠深入。Thisstudyconductedaquestionnairesurveyandinterviewstogainadeeperunderstandingofyoungchildren'scognitionandattitudestowardsmalefemaletoiletseparation.Theresultsshowthatmostyoungchildrenhaveabasicunderstandingoftheconceptofseparatetoiletsformenandwomen,andknowthatboysandgirlsshouldusedifferenttoiletsfortoileting.However,theirunderstandingofwhytoiletsneedtobeseparatedandtheimportanceofseparatingtoiletsisnotdeepenough.在認知方面，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)幼兒主要通過家庭教育和生活經驗來了解男女分廁的概念。家長和幼兒園老師在日常生活中會引導他們區(qū)分男生和女生的不同，以及相應的如廁方式。同時，幼兒也會通過觀察周圍環(huán)境和同伴的行為來形成自己的認知。Intermsofcognition,wefoundthatyoungchildrenmainlyunderstandtheconceptofseparatetoiletsformenandwomenthroughfamilyeducationandlifeexperience.Parentsandkindergartenteacherswillguidethemtodistinguishthedifferencesbetweenboysandgirlsindailylife,aswellascorrespondingtoiletmethods.Atthesametime,youngchildrenwillalsoformtheirowncognitionbyobservingtheirsurroundingsandthebehavioroftheirpeers.在態(tài)度方面，大多數(shù)幼兒對男女分廁表示認同和支持。他們認為這樣可以避免混淆和尷尬，保護個人隱私。但也有少數(shù)幼兒對此持懷疑或反對態(tài)度，主要是因為他們覺得分廁會增加麻煩，或者對性別差異的理解還不夠成熟。Intermsofattitude,themajorityofyoungchildrenexpressagreementandsupportfortheseparationofmaleandfemaletoilets.Theybelievethatthiscanavoidconfusionandembarrassment,andprotectpersonalprivacy.Buttherearealsoafewyoungchildrenwhoareskepticaloropposedtothis,mainlybecausetheyfeelthatdividingtoiletswillincreasetrouble,ortheirunderstandingofgenderdifferencesisnotmatureenough.研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)不同年齡段、性別和文化背景的幼兒在男女分廁認知和態(tài)度上存在差異。隨著年齡的增長，幼兒對男女分廁的理解更加深入，態(tài)度也更加積極。男生的認知程度普遍高于女生，但女生在態(tài)度上更加積極。不同文化背景的幼兒在男女分廁認知和態(tài)度上也存在差異，這可能與家庭教育和社會環(huán)境有關。Thestudyalsofoundthatchildrenofdifferentagegroups,genders,andculturalbackgroundshavedifferencesintheircognitionandattitudestowardsmaleandfemaletoiletsharing.Aschildrengrowolder,theirunderstandingofmaleandfemalerestroomsbecomesdeeper,andtheirattitudesbecomemorepositive.Boysgenerallyhaveahigherlevelofcognitionthangirls,butgirlshaveamorepositiveattitude.Childrenfromdifferentculturalbackgroundsalsohavedifferencesintheircognitionandattitudetowardsmaleandfemaletoiletsharing,whichmayberelatedtofamilyeducationandsocialenvironment.總體而言，幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度呈現(xiàn)出積極的趨勢，但仍需加強教育和引導。家長和幼兒園老師應該通過多種形式的教育活動，幫助幼兒更深入地理解男女分廁的重要性，培養(yǎng)他們的性別意識和隱私保護意識。也應該關注不同年齡段、性別和文化背景的幼兒的差異，因材施教，促進他們的全面發(fā)展。Overall,thereisapositivetrendinthecognitionandattitudeofyoungchildrentowardsmalefemaletoiletsharing,buteducationandguidancestillneedtobestrengthened.Parentsandkindergartenteachersshouldusevariousformsofeducationalactivitiestohelpyoungchildrenbetterunderstandtheimportanceofseparatetoiletsformenandwomen,andcultivatetheirgenderawarenessandprivacyprotectionawareness.Weshouldalsopayattentiontothedifferencesamongyoungchildrenofdifferentagegroups,genders,andculturalbackgrounds,teachthemaccordingtotheiraptitude,andpromotetheircomprehensivedevelopment.五、討論與分析Discussionandanalysis本研究針對幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度進行了深入探究。結果顯示，大多數(shù)幼兒對于男女分廁有明確的認識，他們能夠理解基本的性別區(qū)分和隱私保護的重要性。然而，也有一部分幼兒對于男女分廁的概念較為模糊，甚至存在誤解。這提示我們，在家庭和學校教育中，需要進一步加強性別意識的引導和教育。Thisstudyconductedanin-depthinvestigationintothecognitionandattitudeofyoungchildrentowardsmaleandfemaletoiletseparation.Theresultsshowthatthemajorityofyoungchildrenhaveaclearunderstandingofgenderseparationintoilets,andtheycanunderstandtheimportanceofbasicgenderdifferentiationandprivacyprotection.However,therearealsosomeyoungchildrenwhohaveavagueunderstandingoftheconceptofseparatetoiletsformenandwomen,andevenhavemisunderstandings.Thisremindsusthatinbothfamilyandschooleducation,itisnecessarytofurtherstrengthentheguidanceandeducationofgenderawareness.值得注意的是，本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，幼兒對于男女分廁的態(tài)度存在較大的差異。部分幼兒表現(xiàn)出強烈的自我保護意識和隱私觀念，他們明確表示不喜歡與異性同廁，認為這樣會讓他們感到不安和害羞。然而，也有一部分幼兒對此并不敏感，甚至持開放態(tài)度，認為與異性同廁并沒有什么問題。這種差異可能與幼兒的個人性格、成長環(huán)境以及家庭教育等多種因素有關。Itisworthnotingthatthisstudyfoundsignificantdifferencesintheattitudesofyoungchildrentowardsmaleandfemalerestroomsharing.Someyoungchildrenexhibitastrongsenseofself-protectionandprivacy,andtheyclearlyexpressthattheydonotliketousethesamerestroomastheoppositesex,believingthatthiswillmakethemfeeluneasyandshy.However,therearealsosomeyoungchildrenwhoarenotsensitivetothisandevenholdanopenattitude,believingthatsharingthesametoiletwiththeoppositesexisnotaproblem.Thisdifferencemayberelatedtovariousfactorssuchastheindividualpersonality,growthenvironment,andfamilyeducationofyoungchildren.本研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，幼兒對于男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度受到其家庭和社會環(huán)境的影響。一些家庭在幼兒成長過程中，注重性別角色的塑造和隱私教育，使得幼兒對于男女分廁有更為清晰的認識和更為敏感的態(tài)度。而一些社會環(huán)境中，對于性別平等和隱私保護的觀念較為淡薄，這可能會對幼兒的認知和態(tài)度產生一定的負面影響。Thisstudyalsofoundthatyoungchildren'scognitionandattitudetowardsmalefemaletoiletsharingareinfluencedbytheirfamilyandsocialenvironment.Somefamiliespayattentiontoshapinggenderrolesandprivacyeducationduringthegrowthprocessofyoungchildren,whichenablesthemtohaveaclearerunderstandingandmoresensitiveattitudetowardsmalefemaletoiletseparation.Insomesocialenvironments,theconceptofgenderequalityandprivacyprotectionisrelativelyweak,whichmayhaveacertainnegativeimpactonthecognitionandattitudeofyoungchildren.幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度是一個復雜而多元的問題。為了促進幼兒的健康成長和性別平等意識的培養(yǎng)，我們需要從多方面入手，加強性別教育、隱私保護和家庭教育等方面的引導和教育。也需要關注幼兒個體差異和社會環(huán)境因素的影響，為每個幼兒提供更為個性化和全面性的教育支持。Thecognitionandattitudeofyoungchildrentowardsmaleandfemaletoiletseparationisacomplexanddiverseissue.Inordertopromotethehealthygrowthofyoungchildrenandcultivategenderequalityawareness,weneedtostartfrommultipleaspectsandstrengthenguidanceandeducationingendereducation,privacyprotection,andfamilyeducation.Itisalsonecessarytopayattentiontotheinfluenceofindividualdifferencesandsocialenvironmentalfactorsamongyoungchildren,andprovidemorepersonalizedandcomprehensiveeducationalsupportforeachchild.六、結論與建議Conclusionandrecommendations本研究通過深入調查和訪談，探討了幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度。結果顯示，大多數(shù)幼兒對男女分廁有一定的理解，并能正確區(qū)分男廁所和女廁所。他們對男女分廁持有積極的態(tài)度，認為這是一種正常的、必要的規(guī)定。Thisstudyexploresthecognitionandattitudeofyoungchildrentowardsmalefemaletoiletseparationthroughin-depthinvestigationandinterviews.Theresultsshowthatmostyoungchildrenhaveacertainunderstandingofmalefemalerestroomsandcancorrectlydistinguishbetweenmaleandfemalerestrooms.Theyholdapositiveattitudetowardsseparatetoiletsformenandwomen,believingthatthisisanormalandnecessaryregulation.然而，也有部分幼兒對男女分廁存在困惑或誤解，主要是因為他們還沒有完全理解性別差異和隱私保護的重要性。一些幼兒對男女分廁的規(guī)定感到不適或不方便，尤其是在公共場合或緊急情況下。However,therearealsosomeyoungchildrenwhoareconfusedormisunderstoodabouttheseparationofmaleandfemaletoilets,mainlybecausetheyhavenotfullyunderstoodtheimportanceofgenderdifferencesandprivacyprotection.Someyoungchildrenfeeluncomfortableorinconvenientabouttheregulationsforseparatingmaleandfemaletoilets,especiallyinpublicplacesoremergencysituations.加強性別教育：家長和教育工作者應加強對幼兒的性別教育，幫助他們理解男女之間的生理和心理差異，以及保護個人隱私的重要性。通過生動有趣的故事、游戲和實踐活動，引導幼兒樹立正確的性別觀念和行為習慣。Strengthengendereducation:Parentsandeducatorsshouldstrengthengendereducationforyoungchildren,helpthemunderstandthephysiologicalandpsychologicaldifferencesbetweenmenandwomen,andtheimportanceofprotectingpersonalprivacy.Guideyoungchildrentoestablishcorrectgenderconceptsandbehavioralhabitsthroughvividandinterestingstories,games,andpracticalactivities.提升環(huán)境適應性：在設計和布置廁所時，應充分考慮幼兒的實際需求和心理特點，創(chuàng)造安全、舒適、方便的如廁環(huán)境。例如，可以設置親子廁所或家庭廁所，方便家長陪伴幼兒如廁；在公共廁所中設置兒童專用蹲位或小便池，降低幼兒的如廁難度和不適感。Enhancingenvironmentaladaptability:Whendesigninganddecoratingtoilets,fullconsiderationshouldbegiventotheactualneedsandpsychologicalcharacteristicsofyoungchildren,creatingasafe,comfortable,andconvenienttoiletenvironment.Forexample,parent-childtoiletsorhometoiletscanbesetuptofacilitateparentsaccompanyingtheirchildrentousethetoilet;Setupchildren'sdedicatedsquattingpositionsorurinalsinpublictoiletstoreducethedifficultyanddiscomfortofchildrenusingthetoilet.引導正面態(tài)度：家長和教育工作者應關注幼兒對男女分廁的態(tài)度變化，及時引導他們建立正面的認知和態(tài)度。通過解釋和討論，幫助幼兒理解男女分廁的必要性和合理性，鼓勵他們遵守規(guī)定并尊重他人的隱私。Guidingpositiveattitudes:Parentsandeducatorsshouldpayattentiontothechangesinchildren'sattitudestowardsmaleandfemaletoiletsharing,andpromptlyguidethemtoestablishpositivecognitionandattitudes.Throughexplanationanddiscussion,helpyoungchildrenunderstandthenecessityandrationalityofdividingtoiletsbetweenmenandwomen,encouragethemtocomplywithregulationsandrespecttheprivacyofothers.加強社會宣傳：通過媒體、社區(qū)活動等渠道，加強對男女分廁規(guī)定的宣傳和教育，提高社會對幼兒性別教育的重視程度。同時，倡導社會各界共同努力，為幼兒的健康成長創(chuàng)造良好的社會環(huán)境。Strengthensocialpublicity:Throughmedia,communityactivitiesandotherchannels,strengthenthepromotionandeducationoftheregulationsonmaleandfemaletoiletseparation,andincreasethesocialattentiontogendereducationforyoungchildren.Atthesametime,weadvocateforjointeffortsfromallsectorsofsocietytocreateafavorablesocialenvironmentforthehealthygrowthofyoungchildren.幼兒對男女分廁的認知和態(tài)度是一個值得關注和研究的課題。通過加強性別教育、提升環(huán)境適應性、引導正面態(tài)度以及加強社會宣傳等措施，我們可以幫助幼兒建立正確的性別觀念和行為習慣，促進他們的全面發(fā)展和健康成長。Thecognitionandattitudeofyoungchildrentowardsmaleandfemaletoiletseparationisatopicworthyofattentionandresearch.Bystrengtheninggendereducation,improvingenvironmentaladaptability,guidingpositiv