VIP考研英語(yǔ)綜合講解

2012年文登考研英語(yǔ)

高級(jí)鉆石卡和VIP輔導(dǎo)系列趙過(guò)OutlineVocabularyTranslationWritingNewspaperIrregularIllegalMalfunctionMaltreatUnimportantDisagreeNon-mannedImpossibleInabilityInaccurateInbornUn-:notUndiminishedUnhappyUncomfortableUnwelcomeUnfriendlyUnconditionalUnlimitedUnofficialUnjustSubcommitteeSub-SubjectSubmergeSubtractSubwaySubmarineSubmitSubordinateCom-CombineCommitCommunalCommunityCommunicationsComrade2494commit 5 0.0042%7200commits 1 0.0008%2969committed 4 0.0033%6980committing 1 0.0008%1379committee 10 0.0083%7000commitment 1 0.0008%6887commitments 1 0.0008%Commit1.犯罪;犯錯(cuò)Hehascommittedaseriousfault.他犯了嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。2.承諾;使自己受約束Askedifhewasacandidate,herefusedtocommithimself.當(dāng)問(wèn)到他是不是候選人時(shí),他不置可否。Hehascommittedhimselftosupportthem.他容許負(fù)擔(dān)他們的生活。Commit3.把…托付給；托，委托；委任Theboywascommittedtothecareofhisaunt.這個(gè)孩子被交給他的姑媽照顧。4.自殺5.保證〔做某事、遵守協(xié)議或遵從安排等〕6.〔公開地〕表示意見，作出決定〔以致日后難以更改〕7.忠于〔某個(gè)人、機(jī)構(gòu)等〕；全心全意投入〔工作、活動(dòng)等〕8.花〔錢或時(shí)間〕9.〔下令〕把〔某人〕送進(jìn)〔醫(yī)院或監(jiān)獄等〕10.把〔某人〕送交法院受審11.把…學(xué)好記牢12.把…記〔或?qū)憽诚聛?lái)13.付諸；藏于14.監(jiān)禁，把…交付看管；下獄；判處(徒刑等)Thejudgecommittedhimtoprison.法官判他入獄。15.使承擔(dān)義務(wù)；使做出保證；許諾Don'tcommityourpromisestopaperifyouarenotcertainyoukeepthem.如果你沒有把握兌現(xiàn)你的許諾，你就不要做出書面保證。16.指定…用于；調(diào)撥，調(diào)配…供使用Theycommittedmorethanthreedivisionstotheoperations.他們調(diào)了三個(gè)多師參加這次戰(zhàn)役。Theyarelookingforsomeonewitharealsenseofcommitmenttothejob.他們正在找一個(gè)對(duì)這一工作有獻(xiàn)身精神的人。Mit-AdmitPermitSubmitDismissEmitIntermitYoushouldintermitworkformerly.TransmitInsectscantransmitdiseases.EmployeePayeeExpelleeIntervieweeRefugeesuccessfulSuc-=sub,under,afterSucceedSuccessfulSuccessionSuccessorCess=ceed=cede:goSupersedeExceedAccessProcessRetrocession1395excessive 10 0.0083%3072excess 4 0.0033%5023excessively 2 0.0017%Excess1.超重的,過(guò)量的;額外的,超額的,附加的,過(guò)度的

You'llhavetopayexcesspostalchargesonthisletter.這封信你必須付超重郵資。超過(guò),過(guò)多之量

Anexcessoffatinone'sdietcanleadtoheartdisease.飲食中脂肪過(guò)量能導(dǎo)致心臟病。Excessive過(guò)度的,過(guò)分的;極度的Shetakesanexcessiveinterestinclothes.她過(guò)分注重衣著。Ful:fullofCheerfulWonderfulPeacefulHatefulHopefulHelpful做翻譯的心態(tài)對(duì)于翻譯能力的提高不要著急。每星期堅(jiān)持翻譯一兩句話。堅(jiān)持最重要，千萬(wàn)不要急功近利。翻譯不是考你的理解，而是考你寫出來(lái)的這個(gè)過(guò)程。你光知道意思沒用，一定要寫出來(lái)。所以，練習(xí)翻譯一定要?jiǎng)庸P。翻譯詞類轉(zhuǎn)譯之練習(xí)名代數(shù)形副動(dòng)介冠連嘆1、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換譯法

ConversionofWordClasses⑴名詞可轉(zhuǎn)譯為形容詞①有些名詞加不定冠詞做表語(yǔ)時(shí)可轉(zhuǎn)譯為形容詞。例：Theblockagewasasuccess.封鎖很成功。②形容詞派生的名詞，往往可以轉(zhuǎn)譯為形容詞。例：Thepallorofherfaceindicatedclearlyhowshewasfeelingatthemoment.她蒼白的臉色清楚地說(shuō)明了她那時(shí)的情緒。Hercheekshaveasicklypallor.PallidAdj〔ofaperson,hisface,etc〕pale,espbecauseofillnessApallidcomplexionYoulookabitpallid——doyoufeelallright?Pallidity⑵名詞可轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞①

含有動(dòng)作意味的名詞往往可以轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞。例：Thesightandsoundofourjetplanesfilledmewithspeciallonging.看到和聽到我們的噴氣式飛機(jī)，令我特別神往。②帶er或or的名詞，只要當(dāng)它并不指身份或職業(yè)時(shí)往往可以譯成動(dòng)詞。例：Theoldmanwastheforgiveroftheyoungman’spastwrongdoings.老人寬恕了年輕人過(guò)去所干的壞事。③由動(dòng)詞派生的名詞可轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞。例：Speakerscalledfortheliberationoftheoppressedoftheworld.發(fā)言人表示要解放世界上的被壓迫者。⑶名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成副詞由副詞派生出來(lái)的名詞，往往可以轉(zhuǎn)譯成副詞。例：Thenewmayorearnedsomeappreciationbycourtesyofcomingtovisitthecitypoor.新市長(zhǎng)有禮貌地前來(lái)訪問(wèn)城市貧民，獲得了他們的一些好感。⑷形容詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞①有些形容詞加上定冠詞表示某一類人，漢譯時(shí)常譯成名詞。例：Theydidtheirbesttohelpthepoor.他們盡最大努力幫助窮人。②

由名詞派生的形容詞可轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞。例：TheWildefamilywerereligious.王爾德全家都是虔誠(chéng)的教徒。⑸形容詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞①表示心理狀態(tài)的形容詞，在系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，往往可以譯成動(dòng)詞。例：Doctorsarenotsuretheycansavehislife.醫(yī)生們不敢肯定他們救得了他的命。②由動(dòng)詞派生出來(lái)的形容詞，可以轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞。例：Sugarissolubleinwater.糖溶于水中。⑹形容詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成副詞①英語(yǔ)形容詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成漢語(yǔ)的副詞。例：Occasionallyadrizzlecamedownandtheintermittentflashesoflightningmadeusturnapprehensiveglancestowardzero.偶爾下一點(diǎn)毛毛雨，斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的閃電使得我們不時(shí)憂慮地朝著零地區(qū)方向望去。②因表達(dá)的需要，以解決英漢兩種語(yǔ)言表達(dá)方式不同的矛盾。例：Thisissheernonsense.這完全是胡說(shuō)。⑺動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞由名詞派生出來(lái)的動(dòng)詞，可轉(zhuǎn)譯成漢語(yǔ)名詞。例：Formalityhasalwayscharacterizedtheirrelationship.他們之間的關(guān)系，有一個(gè)特點(diǎn)，就是以禮相待。⑻介詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞具有動(dòng)作意義的介詞，可轉(zhuǎn)譯成漢語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞。例：Byradarpeoplecanseethingsbeyondthevisibilityofthem.利用雷達(dá)，人們可以看見視線外的東西。Exercises1.Don’tbeafraidofanydifficulties.2.Iftheradarantennaispointedattheship,theradarbeamstrikestheshipandareflectioncomesback.3.Theelectroniccomputerischieflycharacterizedbyitsaccurateandrapidcomputations.4.Attentionisnecessarytopreventtheinstrumentfromdamage.5.Goldhasanadvantageinthatitcannotreactwithoxygen.6.Thesunisshapedlikeaball.7.Thedisputationaboutliteraltranslationandfreetranslationwithintranslationcirclehaslastedseveraldecadesatleast.8.Allchangesmusttakeplacesimilarlyovergiventimeperiods.9.Theearthissurroundedbyalayerofaircalledtheatmosphere.10.Theysattogether,carefullystudyingthedesignofthenewlaboratorybuilding.11.Electricitytravelsmuchfasterthansound.⑼副詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞因表達(dá)需要，副詞可以轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞。例：Oxygenisoneoftheimportantelementsinthephysicalworld.Itisveryactivechemically.氧是物質(zhì)世界的重要元素之一。它的化學(xué)性很活潑。WritingThreesteps(readtherequirementsbetweenlines,outline—arrangement,choosesentences)Threeparts〔Description,IntendedMeaning,Comments〕Threetips(動(dòng)詞方面，主語(yǔ)方面，漢式英語(yǔ))Fourkeypoints(啟，承，轉(zhuǎn)，合)想象中的情景Howareyou?Fine.Thanksandyou?Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)

describethedrawingbriefly,2)

explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)

giveyourcomments.YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)Isourchildrenlearning?Ourchildrensdolearn.EducationPresident?Countdown2008布什是不是有言語(yǔ)障礙，幼時(shí)語(yǔ)文習(xí)得如何，可能得由專家檢驗(yàn)判斷。但是他的斯布納式口誤，以說(shuō)話時(shí)音素穿鑿誤置著稱，如將“kissandcuddle”〔親吻+摟抱〕說(shuō)成“cussandkiddle”〔咒罵+漁網(wǎng)〕反恐時(shí)，他說(shuō)：要“findthosewhowoulddoharmtousandgetthemoutofharm’sway”一看布什尊容，就相信人是從猴子變來(lái)的。English,heiscompletelyatsea.WhenitcomestoEnglish,heiscompletelyatsea.payattentiontothesteps

takecareofthestepsmindthestepsbewareofthestepsbeawareofthestepswatchforyourstepsDanger!Steps!

Idon’tlikeboth.Ilikeneither.四大句型1〕Itis＋形容詞＋that可想而知，知識(shí)在我們的一生中扮演著一個(gè)重要的角色。Itisconceivablethatknowledgeplaysanimportantroleinourlife.2〕Itis＋形容詞＋todo/doing她已經(jīng)說(shuō)了一切有必要說(shuō)的話。Shehadsaidwhatitwasnecessarytosay.3.Nothingismore...than〔沒有比……更……的；……是最……的〕例如：Nothingismoreimportantthantoreceiveeducation.沒有比接受教育更重要的事。4.Asfarassb.／sth.isconcerned〔就……而言，在……看來(lái)〕在我看來(lái)，時(shí)尚是屬于女性的。AsfarasIamconcerned,fashionbelongstowomen.Itoccurredtosb.that〔突然想到……〕IthadneveroccurredtoCinderellashewouldbecomeaprincesssomeday.Cinderella從來(lái)沒有想到她會(huì)成為一位王妃。Itistakenforgrantedthat〔……被認(rèn)為是理所當(dāng)然的〕Ithasbeentakenforgrantedthatwomenshouldtakeonallthehousework.篇章技巧銜接與連貫開頭、結(jié)尾連接詞表層次:First;Second;What’smore;Inaddition;Apartfromthis;Lastbutnotleast;

表觀點(diǎn):Personally;Inmyopinion;AsfarasIamconcerned;AsfarasIknow;WhatIwanttostressisthat…(我想強(qiáng)調(diào)的是…);…h(huán)oldtheopinionthat…

某人持有…的主張;Accordingtosb,…依照某人的觀點(diǎn)看,…表轉(zhuǎn)折:However,……;….,but…

表讓步:Although/Though,…;Despitethefactthat…;

表因果:Because/As…..;Since/Nowthat,…Therefore,…;….,thus,…;….,so…;

表遞進(jìn):notonly…,butalso…;…aswellas;

表概括:Inaword;Inshort;Tosumup開篇5)Nowadaysthereisagrowingconcernover...

6)Neverinourhistoryhastheideathat...beensopopular.7)Facedwith...,quiteafewpeoplearguethat...

舉例1)Agoodcaseinpointis...2)Asanillustration,wemaytake...3)Suchexamplesmightbegiveneasily.4)...isoftencitedasanexample.結(jié)尾1)Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wecandrawtheconclusionthat...2)Itishightimethatstrictmeasuresweretakentostop...8)

Withtheeffortsofallpartsconcerned,theproblemwillbesolvedthoroughly.Nothingismore...than〔沒有比……更……的；……是最……的〕例如：Nothingismoreimportantthantoreceiveeducation.沒有比接受教育更重要的事。Morethan62次MorethanIt'snomorethanonemiletotheshops.到商業(yè)區(qū)不過(guò)一英里。Shewasdressedmorethansimply.她穿著十分樸素。Hisreportismorethanasurvey.他的報(bào)告不只是一份調(diào)查。moreoftenthannot

經(jīng)常，時(shí)常(=often)morethanever

尤其

寫作學(xué)習(xí)方案與資料練習(xí)〔不識(shí)廬山真面目，只緣身在此山中〕作業(yè)〔每周累計(jì)一篇〕無(wú)限次幫大家修改作文匯總經(jīng)典句型，總結(jié)高分策略！NewspaperTOKYO(Reuters)—Japan’seconomygrewatarevised1.1percentinthethirdquarterfromthesecondquarter,exceedinganinitialgovernmentestimate.Butthatofferedlittlecomforttopolicymakerswaryofslowinggrowthinthecurrentquarter.Therevisedgrossdomesticproducttranslatesintoannualizedgrowthof4.5percent,exceedinganinitialreadingof3.9percent.Itisalsoabovethe4.1percentrateexpectedbyeconomists.Despitetheupwardrevision,recentweakdatahasunderscoredtheviewthattheeconomywillcontractslightlyinthecurrentquarterbecauseofaglobalslowdownandapull-backfromthelast-minutesurgeinstimulus-drivenconsumptionthatspurredthird-quartergrowth.PullawayHeleaptontothetrainjustasitwaspullingaway.(尤指車輛)開始移動(dòng)他在火車正要開動(dòng)時(shí)跳了上去。Thebushadpulledawaywhenshegotthere.她趕到那兒時(shí),公共汽車剛剛開走。pulleddown1.毀壞,拆毀Theypulleddownmyoldhouseandbuiltfivenewones.他們撤除了我的舊房子,建起了五幢新房子。2.使虛弱;拖垮Anattackoffeversoonpulledhimdown.發(fā)高燒很快使他的身體衰弱下來(lái)。pullinto

Thelorrydriverpulledintothesideoftheroadandgotoutforacupoftea.(尤指即將停下來(lái)的車輛司機(jī)把車停下)開向路邊,開進(jìn)卡車司機(jī)把車子開到路邊,然后從車上下來(lái)喝杯茶。Pullin1.賺錢He'spullinginquiteabitinhisnewjob.他在新工作中賺了不少錢。Hepullsinquitealotasamilkman.他賣牛奶賺了相當(dāng)多的錢。Hepullsinalotofovertimepayeachmonth.他每月掙得不少加班費(fèi)。2.吸引;招引TheBeatlesalwayspulledinenormouscrowds.披頭士樂(lè)隊(duì)總能吸引大批的人群。Thefilmpulledinlargeaudiencewhenitwasshowninthecity.那部影片在該市上映期間,吸引了大批觀眾。pullthrough恢復(fù)健康;精神狀況轉(zhuǎn)好,情緒轉(zhuǎn)好Thedoctoriss