同位語從句講解及練習(xí)

同位語從句講解及練習(xí)DocumentnumberBGCG57-BTDO-0089-2022在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)同位語的名詞性從句稱為同位語從句。一個名詞(或其它形式)對另一個名詞或代詞進行修飾，限定或說明，這個名詞(或其它形式)就是同位語。同位語與被它限定的詞的格要一致，并常常MrWangmychild’steacher,willbevisitinguson作同位語estgirlinthefamilyalwayshadtocarefor引語作同位語Butnowthequestioncomestotheirminds,“Didshedieclone題：“多利早死是因為它是一只克隆羊嗎”.句子作同位語Thegirlsweresurprisedatthefactthatoceanshipscan一、同位語從句一般跟在某些名詞后面，用以說明該名詞表示的具體內(nèi)tourteamhad①可以跟同位語從句的抽象名詞通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words(消息)，possibility等。(承諾信息主意是事實；疑問想法與問題；希望消mMrWangwithamessagethathewontbeableafternoonsuggestion,resolution等)后面的同位語從句要用虛擬語氣(即should+動詞原形；should可省)TherewasasuggestionthatBrownshouldbedroppedfromthe③同位語從句前名詞的數(shù)：同位語從句前的名詞通常用單數(shù)形式，并且往往帶有限定詞(word除外)加以修飾。WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnot二、英語中引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞通有連詞that，whether,連接代詞what，who。連接副詞how,when,where等。(注：if,which1.連詞that引導(dǎo)同位語從句(注：引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that不能省略)Theideathatyoucandothisworkwellwithoutthinkingiswrong.你認為不動腦筋就能做好這件工作的想法是完全錯誤的。(作ide【注意】引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連詞that通常不省略，但在非正式文體中也HegrabbedhissuitcaseandgavetheimpressionhewasboardingtheTokyoplane.2.連詞whether引導(dǎo)同位語從句(注：if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句)ThequestionwhetherweshouldcallinaspecialistwasctorHemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.3.其它引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的同位語從句A、連接代詞what,who,whom,whose引導(dǎo)同位語從句atsizeshoesshewears.我不知道她穿幾號的鞋。(what作定語)equestionwhowilltakehisplaceisstillnotB、連接副詞when,where,how,why引導(dǎo)同位語從句WehaventyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtoMyquestionhowIshallgetintouchwithhimhasnotbeenanswered.的名詞后面，而被別的詞隔開。在語法上叫做分隔式同位語從句。Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthe。eralyearslaterwordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascoming句的區(qū)別是用于說明所修飾名詞的具體內(nèi)容的，它與被修飾詞語通?？梢詣澋忍?；而定語從句是限制所修飾名詞的，它的作用是將所修飾的名詞與其他類似的東西區(qū)別開來：Wearegladatthenewsthathewillcome.thatWearegladatthenewsthathetoldus.enews興只是因為他告訴的這個news而不是其他的new飾詞語的區(qū)別A．定語從句的先行詞是名詞或代詞；而同位語從句的先行詞只能是名詞，而且僅限于idea，plan，fact，theory，promise，hope，news，doubt，truth，information，suggestion，question，thought，belief，conclusion等少數(shù)名詞。TheboywhoisplayingfootballismyclassmateosewhoworkhardwillsucceedThefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedThefactthatyouaretalkingaboutisimportant．是定語從句，其先行詞是名詞B．when，where，why引導(dǎo)的定語從句的先行詞一定分別是表示時間、地點和原因的名詞，而三者引導(dǎo)的同位語從句的先行詞則肯定不是表示時IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing．Ihavenoideawhenshewillbeback．when引導(dǎo)的定語從句，其先行詞day是表示時間的when引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，其先行詞idea則不是表定語從句和同位語從句共同的引導(dǎo)詞有四個：that，when，where，why詞分成兩類說明它們在兩種從句中的不同用法。A．引導(dǎo)詞that引導(dǎo)定語從句的that叫做關(guān)系代詞，它除了起連接作用，還在定語從句中充當(dāng)一定成分，并且在意義上代表先行詞；引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that叫做從屬連詞，它只起連接作用。不能省略。Thenewsthatyoutoldmeyesterdaywasreallyexciting．Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon．。的主語，要么充當(dāng)定語從句的賓語B．引導(dǎo)詞when，where，why引導(dǎo)定語從句時，它們叫做關(guān)系副詞，在從句中充當(dāng)狀語，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成"介詞＋關(guān)系代詞"的形式；引導(dǎo)同位語從句時，它們叫做連接副詞，在從句中充當(dāng)狀語，但不能轉(zhuǎn)換成"介詞＋關(guān)系代詞"的形式。IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy．WehavenoideawhenshewasbornenThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago．HeputforwardtothequestionwherethemeetingwouldbeereThisisthereasonwhyshewillnotattendthemeeting．TheteacherhadnoideawhyJackwasabsent．whichy1.一般情況下同位語從句跟在某些名詞(如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等)的后面，用以說明該名詞所表達的具體內(nèi)容。rWangwithamessagethathewontbetoseeyouthisafternoon消息，他說他今天下午不能來看你2.有時同位語從句可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后，而被別的詞語隔開Thethoughtcametoherthatmaybeshehadleftthedoor同位語從句前名詞的數(shù)語從句前的名詞通常用單數(shù)形式，并且往往帶有限定詞(word除外)WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnot句的語氣在suggestion，advice，request，order等意為“建議；命令；要求”的名詞后，同位語從句中的謂語動詞通常用“should+動詞原形”的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)，句中的should可以省略。Ourteachergaveussomeadvicehowweshouldusethe4、同位語從句的先行詞同位語從句的先行詞通常是抽象名詞，常見的有：idea,situationthought,fact,evidence,belief,doubt,fear,hope,question,theory,news,order,ability等等。HowdidthecheatsexplainthefactthattheEmperordidn'tnewclothesinhim衣，對這個問題騙子是怎樣解釋的代詞it可用作同位語從句的先行詞。這個it常放在某些動詞或短語動詞后作賓語，同時兼作其后that同位語從句的先行詞。IoweittoyouthatIamstillalive.itthat作是動詞或介詞的真正賓語。一般認為，這種it后的that從句應(yīng)看作it的同位語，因為它相當(dāng)于“主語+be+表語”結(jié)構(gòu)。Youmustseetoitthatthechildrendon'tcatchcold.YoumustseetoitandItisthatthechildrendontcatch5、短語及固定句式后的同位語從句lcomeonconditionthatJohnisOnconditiononsuppositiononthegroundsontheunderstandingwiththeexceptioninspiteofthefact,ontheassumptionThereBEnodoubt(hope,chance,wasbecauseofhehadbeenworkinghard.AthatB.thefactwhichC.thefactthatD.thefact2."IsMaryfromNewYorkCity""Idon'tknow_______."A.fromwhatcitydoesshecomefromBfromwhatcityshecomeCwhatcitydoesshecomefromDwhatcityshecomesfrommakesmistakesmustcorrectthem.AWhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.WhateverThereasonwhyIdidntgotoShanghaiwas________anewAbecauseIgotB.becauseofgettingCIgotD.thatIgot5.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for6.Henrykilledthedog.I'llaskhimwhy________.A.didhedothatB.hedidthatC.hedidD.hehasdoneso7.HaveyouseenHenrylatelyMybosswantstoknow________.A.howheisgettingalongBhowishegettingalongCwhatheisgettingalongDwhatishegettingalongItisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorwantsAhoweverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever9.Heaskedme________withme.AwhatisthetroubleB.whatwrongwasC.whatwasthematterD.whattroubleitisIamsure__hesaidistrue.AthatB.aboutthatC.ofthatD.thatwhatWhenandwhyhecamehere_____yet.AisnotknownB.arenotknownChasnotknownDhavenotbeewonderhowmuch________.A.doesthewatchcostB.didthewatchcostCthewatchcostedD.thewatchcostsMaryis_someonemightrecognizeher.A.afraidofB.afraidaboutC.afraidthatD.afraidforeasonfordismissingherA.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateB.OwingtoafewminuteslateCThefactthatshewasafewminuteslateD.BeingafewminuteslateTheycametotheconclusion____byacomputer.A.thatnotallthingscanbedoneBbecauseofnotallthingsbedoneCbeingnotallthingscanbedoneDbecausenotallthingscanbedoneplosionoccurredwasthelaboratoryattendanthadbeencareless.A.forB.becauseC.sinceD.thatIdontdoubt___he'llcome.AthatB.ifC.whatD.whetherWhydidyougotothewrongclassMr.Wang"Well,Iforget_______Iwassupposedtogoto."AwhichtheroomB.whichroomC.whatwastheroomD.whatroomwasitnowsixtimesitwasbeforeliberationAthatB.whichC.whatD.ofwhichMaryHelenisamerewasherwomanyetshe'snowbuyingabighouse.Carol:Yes.Becauseshe'salwayssaved________.A.whatlittlesheearnsB.howlittlesheearnsCforlittlesheearnsD.withlittlesheearnsrisedmemostwassuchalittleboyofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.AThat..whatB.What...thatC.That...whichD.What...which22.Wegavehim________helpwecould.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.thisSheispleasedwithwhatyouhavegivenhimand________youhavetoldhim.A.thatB.whichC.allwhatD.allthatExcusemewouldyoupleasetellme_____AwhenthesportsmeetistakenplaceBwhenisthesportsmeetgoingtobeheldCwhenisthesportsmeettobeginDwhenthesportsmeetistotakeplaceDoyouhappentoknow___AwhatsizeshoeshewearsBhowbigshoeshewearsCwhatisthesizeofhisshoesDwhatnumbershoesarehisThisbookwillshowyou______canbeusedinothercontexts.AhowyouhaveobservedBhowwhatyouhaveobservedhatyouhaveobservedDhowthatyouhaveobservedWheredoyouthink__AhashegoneB.hashebeenChesgoneD.washeDoyouknow_AhowmanypopulationsthereareintheworldBhowmuchpopulationthereisintheworldC.howmanythepopulationoftheworldisD.whatthepopulationoftheworldisWouldyougoandsee_____outsideAwhattotakeplaceB.whatTomhashappenedCwhatishappeningDwhatthematterhadbeenThesubjectofWhatisinterestingisthatIdonotevenknowhim."is_______.A.whatB.interestingC.WhatisinterestingD.IinkheisCharlesA.WhodoyouthinkheisB.DoyouthinkwhoheisC.WhomdoyouthinkheisD.Doyouthinkwhoheis32.Hedidn'tknowwhichroom________.A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein33.Thelittleboyate________hismothergavehim.AthatB.whichC.whateverD.nomatterwhat34.Thecityisnolonger________.A.whatitisB.thatitusedtobeC.whichitwasD.whatitsedtobe35.Myparentsused________theyhadtogetanewcarforme.AwhichB.thatC.whatD.allwhatwegoswimmingeveryday________usalotofgood.A.If...doB.That...doCIfdoesD.That...doeswastheidea_______thewifethoughtofAWhat..thatB.That...whatC.How...whyD.Why...howdidhetellhiswife_____hewishedtodoAThat..whatB.What...thatC.Where...whichD.Which...whereofthemenheldtheview________thebooksaidwasright.A.whatthatB.thatwhatC.thatwhichD.whichthat40.Ihavenoidea________ornothehasfinishedthework.AifB.thatC.whetherD.which41."Doyouknow________""Hisfatherisadoctor."A.whatishisfatherB.whoishisfatherC.whathisfatherisD.whohisfatherisIsthis________wemeteachothertwoyearsagoAplaceB.placeinwhichC.whereD.placewhich43.It________Bobdrivesbadly.A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.isthoughtallknowthetruththereareair,waterandsunlighttherearelivingthings.AwhereB.whereverC.thatD.thatwhereverTheydiscussed____theycouldsettletheproblemwithoutothers'help.AifB.thatC.whatD.whether46.Sheasked________.A.whatIwasdoingwhensherangmeupBwhatwasIdoingwhensherangmeupCwhensherangmeupwhatIwasdoingDwhendidsheringmeupwhatIwasdoingMayIborrowthering-Youcantake_______youlike.A.nomatterwhatB.whichC.whicheverD.that48.Hesaidthathewasfondof________.AwhatbeautifulisB.whatisbeautifulCbeautifuliswhatDwhatitisbeautiful9.Heinsistedthathe________ingoodhealthand_______toworkthere.A.was,besentB.is,issentC.be,wassentD.be,sendDoyouknow___heexpectswillgiveusatalkAwhoB.whomC.thatD.whose51.It'suncertain________theexperimentisworthdoing.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how.Theywouldhavefixedthetelephoneyesterday_________itwasaholiday.A.exceptB.exceptforC.exceptthatD.butforistodogoodalloneslifeandneverdoanythingbad.AWhicheverishardB.NomatterwhatishardCWhatishardDAllwhatishardtheboydidn'ttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.AThatB.WhatC.HowD.WhichAsthedaywasfineImadethesuggestion______forawalkinthepark.gowillgowegowegowecan'tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.AWhat,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,whatyoudon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.AWhatB.WhoC.ThatD.WhetherYoucantimaginewhentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.AhowtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereChowexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcitedwe'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where60________hereallymeansis________hedisagreeswithus.AWhat…thatB.That…whatCWhythatDIf…whatgoingtodothejobwillbedecidedbythePartycommittee.AThatB.WhyC.HowD.Who'llfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.AWhenB.WhyC.WhatD.Thathousewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrow'smeeting.AIfB.WhereC.ThatD.Whatwon'tgothereiscleartoallofus.AHowB.WhatC.WhyD.Thiscomeornotisuptoyou.AWhatB.IfC.WhyD.Whethermistakesmustcorrectthem.AWhoB.AnyoneC.WhoeverD.Anybodywillwinthematchisamatterofpublicconcern.AWhichB.ThatC.IfD.Howdayslaterwordcameourcountryhadsentupanotherman-madesatellite.AwhichB.whenC.thatD.whereproblemis________willgotothemeeting.AwhyB.whenC.whatD.wholooksitweregoingtorain.A.evenifB.asifC.eventhoughD.likeishelikestheplacesomuch.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.howisLuXunoncelived.AwhatB.whereC.thatD.whyhoughtstrangethatTomdidnotcomeyesterdayAthatB.itC.thisD.whatfactshehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedallofus.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.howImconsideringnow_____themoneyweneed.AisB.areC.wereD.wasyoutellme_AwhoisthatgentlemanBthatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisDwhomisthatgentlemantheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.AAnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.WhoItiswellknownapersoneatscauseschangesinthebody.A.thatwhatB.thatC.whatD.howTheenergyismakesthecellsabletodotheirwork.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.such80.Jackwassoontold________hedidwasnotnecessary.AwhyB.thatC.howD.whywhatWeshouldthinkcarefullyabout________Mr.Needhamsaidatthemeeting.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.XCanyoupointout______tworadiosarethebestAwhichB.whatC.thatD.whetherYouwilleasilyknow________videorecorders(錄相機)arethesame.A.whatthoseB.thatofthoseCthatallofD.whichofthoseyouhaveseenthingslikethesebeforedoesn'tmatter.AIfB.WhetherC.WhatD.WhenIaskedherinEnglish_____shewas,andshetoldme________shewasanactress.Awho…thatB.who…XwhatXDhowthatShetookitforgranted_______I'dbebackhomeanhourago.AthatB.whetherC.ifD.whenWethinkitpossible____thelocalgovernmentwillbeabletosolvethehousingproblem.A.forB.thatC.whenD.howNowthereisadanger_____thegroundmayfallinA.whetherB.ifC.XD.thatAtthattimeIhadnoidea_______Icouldhandittohimwithoutbeingseen.A.ifB.howC.whichD.thathowLastSundayhepromised____today,buthehasn'tappearedyet.A.thathewo