2023年上海市崇明區(qū)高三下學(xué)期高考二模英語試卷含詳解

崇明區(qū)2022學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高三第二次模擬考試

英語

LListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendof

eachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestions

willbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefour

possibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhave

heard.

1.A.Inalibrary.B.Atanairport.C.Inahotel.D.Atatravelagency.

2.A.Hewillwatchtheceremonyonline.B.Heisn'tinterestedintheceremony.

C.Hehasalreadyrecoveredfromtheflu.D.Hewon,tbeabletoattendtheceremony.

3.A.Heworksasanartist.B.Hesellspaintsupplies.

C.Heownsanoilcompany.D.Heworksinanartmuseum.

4.A.Findoutwhoheraudiencewillbe.B.Watchhimgivehispresentation.

C.Practiceherpresentationinfrontofhim.D.Trynottothinkaboutheraudience.

5.A.He,llbelatefortheparty.B.Thesoccerpracticewillendlaterthanusual.

C.He,llmissthesoccerpractice.D.Thesoccerpracticewilltakeplaceaftertheparty.

6.A.Katiedoesn,thaveanewroommate.B.Katiedidn,tgivereasonsforherunhappiness.

C.Thewomandoesn,tbelieveintheman.D.Themandoesn'tthinkKatieisreallyunhappy.

7.A.Theircareerplans.B.Theirdreamuniversities.

C.Theirfavouriteteachers.D.Theirattitudestodifferentjobs.

8.A.Hearrivedatthetheaterlate.B.Theproductionisn,ttohistaste.

C.Helefthiswatchinthetheater.D.Theproductionisn,tlongenough.

9.A.Thethesisproposalisunacceptable.B.Hehasreturnedthethesisproposalalready.

C.Hehasn,treadthethesisproposalyet.D.Thewomandidn,tsubmitthethesisproposal.

10.A.Whichlecturethemanwantstoattend.B.Whetherthemankeepsmoneyinthebank.

C.Wherethemanlearnedaboutthelecture.D.Whetherthemanhasbroughtthatnewspaper.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwill

beaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,but

thequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswerson

yourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Workingfromhomehasitsbenefits.B.Workplacefriendshipsareeasytodevelop.

C.Youngpeoplefavourremoteemployment.D.Workingremotelylimitsworkplacefriendships.

12.A.Financialsupport.B.Emotionalcomfort.

C.Frontlineservices.D.Educationalresources.

13.A.Workplacefriendshipshelptoavoiddisagreementsatwork.

B.Workplacefriendshipsmotivateemployeestoworklongerhours.

C.Workplacefriendshipscontributetoefficiencyandsecurityatwork.

D.Workplacefriendshipsencourageemployerstointeractwithcustomers.

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.Inequalitystillexistglobally.B.Pollutionissevereinwealthycountries.

C.Therichpollutetheworldmore.D.Governmentsareresponsibleforpollution.

15.A.52%.B.8.5%.C.10%.D.15%.

16.A.Byexpectingapositivereturnfromcompanies.

B.Bygreenlightingcompanies,businesspractices.

C.Byfacilitatingmoreinvestmentinthestockmarket.

D.Byforcingcompaniestostopusingtraditionalfuels.

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.Theman,sdreamCaree匚B.Thewoman,srequestforasalaryincrease.

C.Theman'sworkingexperience.D.Thewoman,scontributiontohercompany.

18.A.He,llprobablygetapromotion.B.Hethinksittooexhausting.

C.He,llworkforhisvicepresident.D.Heconsidersitdemanding.

19.A.Sheisn,tproductiveenough.B.Herpromotionisalreadyontheway.

C.Shedoesn,thavethecourage.D.Hersalaιyisquitefairforherposition.

20.A.Regardthecompanyasacharity.B.Stopherplantobuyanewcar.

C.Stressherfamily'sneedformoney.D.Displayhervaluetothecompany.

ILGrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.For

theblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useoneword

thatbestfitseachblank.

TeaArt

It,scommontoseepeopleincoffeebarscreatecoffeeart,butit,sawholedifferentballgamedoingthesamethingwith

tea.HanZheminghasmanagedtoperfecttheskill,creatingteaartincups,ordianchainChinese,]usedtobea

ritualduringtheSongDynasty.

Overthepastsixyears,the40-year-oldShanghairesident2(use)teaandspoonstocreatenearly200patterns

basedonancientpaintings.??It,slike3(add)bellsandwhistlestotea,givingpeopleastrongersenseofoccasion,so

drinkingteaismorefbn,“Hansays.Ifsalsohisintentiontobringtheoldritualbacktomodemlifeandhavemorepeople

4(appreciate)itscharm.Dianchaenhancesthetasteoftea,Hansays.44Itissimilartothefoam(Jfii?)ontopofacup

ofcoffee,except5itismadeoftearatherthanmilk.”

ChineseteaculturestartedtoenjoypopularityduringtheTangDynastyandboomedthroughouttheSongDynasty,

6teabecameanecessityforalmosteveryone,fromnoblesandscholarstocommonpeople,justlikeotheressential

items,suchasrice,oilandsalt,assuggestedbySongpoliticianandthinkerWangAnshi.

DifferentfromthemethodofmakingteaduringtheTangperiod,intheSongDynasty,thepopularwayofhavingtea

wasthroughdiancha.Theprocessbeginswithhotwaterbeingpouredoverfine7(powder)teacreatingamixture.

Thenmorehotwaterisaddedslowly8theteaisconstantlybeatenbyhandwithabamboostick.Itisbelievedthatthis

methodlaterspreadtootherpartsofEastAsia,includingJapan,wheresimilarities9beseeninthewaymatcha(抹茶)

ispreparedtoday.

Thisactionofpouringhotwateriscalleddian;hencethenamediancha10(list)asanintangibleculturalheritage

(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))OfRunzhoudistrict,Zhenjiangcity,Jiangsuprovince,in2019.

SectionB

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanonlybe

usedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.applicationsB.connectionsC.emotionsD.identifyE.interveneEnotifications

G.sacredH.sharedI.specializeJ.stressedK.technological

AnimalCominunicationManypetownerslongtotalkwiththeiranimals.Afterall,ifpetswereabletotalk,people

couldtakecareofthemmoreeasilyandhavecloseremotional11tothem,soanumberofcompaniesareworkingon

devicesandappsthatcouldtranslatewhatanimalssay.

OnesuchappiscalledMeowTalk.Usingvoicerecognitionsoftware,thisapprecognizesdifferentsoundsacatmakes

andoffersEnglishtranslationsofthem.Forexample,onetypeofsoundmightmean"feedme“whileanothercouldbe

translated“l(fā)etmeoutside.^^Theappcanusemachinelearningtoassessitstranslationsandimproveatrecognizingone

particularcat,svoice.Inotherwords,itcan12inunderstandingyourcatinparticular.Thisisimportantbecausecats

donotallhavea(n)13language,butindividualcatsfrequentlyuseparticularsoundstomeancertainthings.

Inthefuture,MeowTalkcouldconnecttoasmartcollarthatwouldhearthecatmeowandplaythetranslationoutloud.

Perhapsifthecatisoutsideandneedstobeletin,itcouldevensend14totheowner,sphone.

Fordogs,aJapanesecompanycalledInupathyhasdevelopedaharness（保護(hù)帶）withaheartratemonitorandanapp.

Theheartratemonitorisusedtoassessadog,s〔5.Thisispossiblebecause,likehumans,dogs,heartratesgoup

whentheyareexcitedor16.Theharnessalsohasalightthatturnsredwhenthedogisexcited,butwhenthedogis

relaxed,thelightisblue.

Themostobvioususeofthistechnologyistohelppetowners17withandprovidefortheirpetsbetter.The

moreownersknowabouttheirpets,theeasieritistomeettheirneeds.

Thereareother18oftechnologythathelpusunderstandanimals.Forexample,somesheepfarmersareusing

artificialintelligencetoscananddetermineiftheyareinpain,whichhelpsthemfindoutsickanimals.Asaresult,theycan

19morequicklytotreattheanimal.

Anyonewhointeractsregularlywithanimalscouldbenefitfromunderstandingtheiranimalsbetter.Thusthese

20developmentsmighttransformthewayweinteractwiththecreaturesaroundus.

IILReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,C

andD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

It,slongbeenknownthatsugarydrinkshelppeoplepackonunwantedkilograms.Butnewresearchsuggeststhat

21drinksandeven100%fruitjuicemightraiseyourriskforsomecancers.Thestudycouldn,tprovecauseand

effect,butitfoundthatdrinkingaslittleas90-120mlofsugarydrinkseachdaywas22toan18%riseinoverallrisk

forcancer.

ThenewstudywasledbyMathildeTouvier,researchdirectorattheUniversityofParis.Herteamcollecteddataon

morethan100,000Frenchmenandwomen,averageage42,whotookpartinanational23.

Theparticipantsansweredquestionsabouthowmuchof3,300differentfoodsanddrinkstheyconsumedeachday,and

were24foruptonineyears.

Thestudyuncoveredlinksbetweentheconsumptionofsugarydrinksandtheriskofcancer25andforbreast

cancerspecifically.Theinvestigatorsfoundnoassociationbetweensugarydrinksandprostateorcoloncancers（前歹U腺或

結(jié)腸癌），buttheauthorsstressedthattoofewpeopleinthestudydevelopedthesecancerstomakethisfinding26.

Theresearch27nolinksbetweendietsodas（無糖汽水）andcancer,althoughmorestudyisneededtoconfirmthat,

theauthorsnoted.

Theconnectionbetweensugarydrinksandcancerremainedthesameevenaftertheteam28forage,sex,

educationallevel,familyhistoryofcancer,smokingandphysicalactivity,theresearcherssaid.

So,whythe29?AccordingtoTouvier,steam,high-caloriedrinksmayraisecancerriskbecausesugarhelps

buildbodyfat,inadditiontoraisingbloodsugarlevelsandinflammation(發(fā)炎)一allofwhicharerisk30for

cancer.It,salsopossiblethatchemicalsfoundinthesedrinksmightplayapartin31cancerrisk,theresearchers

theorized.

Agrouprepresentingthedrinksindustrysaidsugarydrinkscanstillbeapartofthe32diet,however.Ina

statement,theAmericanBeverageAssociationsaid:"It'simportantforpeopletoknowthatalldrinks——eitherwithsugaror

without——are33toconsumeaspartofabalanceddiet.America'sleadingdrinkscompaniesareworkingtogetherto

supportconsumers5effortsto34thesugartheyconsumefromourdrinksbyprovidingmorechoiceswithlesssugar

orzerosugar,smallerpackagesizesandclearcalorieinformationrightupfront.^^

SamanthaHeIIerisaseniorclinicalnutritionistatNYULangoneMedicalCenterinNewYorkCity.Shesaidshe

wasn,t35bythefindings.Shenotedthat,fordecades,thesedrinkshavebeenlinkedwithdiseasessuchasheart

disease.Ontheotherhand,??mostofusshouldbedrinkingmorewaterthanwedo,“Hellersaid.

21.A.icedB.mineralC.bottledD.sweetened

22.A.tiedB.devotedC.reducedD.limited

23.A.gameB.studyC.ceremonyD.examination

24.A.checkedB.cagedC.occupiedD.followed

25.A.ingeneralB.withoutexceptionC.onthecontraryD.byaccident

26.A.unreliableB.unexpectedC.authoritativeD.original

27.A.uncoveredB.anticipatedC.establishedD.hid

28.A.huntedB.adjustedC.preparedD.mounted

29.A.researchB.similarityC.connectionD.impact

30.A.behaviorsB.assessmentsC.perceptionsD.factors

31.A.explainingB.increasingC.preventingD.predicting

32.A.localB.nutritionalC.averageD.conventional

33.A.safeB.impossibleC.exceptionalD.effective

34.A.neutralizeB.digestC.removeD.reduce

35.A.annoyedB.surprisedC.embarrassedD.delighted

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B9CandD.Choosetheone

thatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

(A)

?wasputtingonmybootsjustnowinwhatthenovelistscall“abrownstudy.^^Therewasnourgentreasonforputting

onmyboots.Iwasnotgoingout,andmyslippersweremuchmorecomfortable.Butsomethinghadtobedone.Iwanteda

subjectforanarticle.Nowifyouareaccustomedtowritingarticlesforaliving,youwillknowthatsometimesthedifficulty

isnotwritingthearticle,butchoosingasubject.Itisnotpovertyyousufferfrom,butanembarrassmentofriches.

Butwhathasthistodowithputtingonmyboots?ItisareasonablequestionandIwilltellyou.ForanhourIhad

pacedmyroominmyslippersinsearchofasubject.Ihadlookedoutofthewindowoverthesunlitvalley,andwatchedthe

smokeofadistanttraindisappearingtowardsthewest.IhadsharpenedeverypencilIhadonmewithgreatcare.Butthe

moreIsharpenedmypencils,themoreanxiousIgrewaboutthethemeforanarticle.

ItwasatthismomentthatIrememberedmyboots.Theactofbendingmybodychangedthecurrentoftheblood.You

sawthingsinanewlight.SoIfetchedmybootsandsatdowntoputthemon.

Thethingworkedlikeacharm.ForinmypreoccupiedconditionIpickedupmyrightbootfirst.ThenmechanicallyI

putitdownandseizedtheleftboot.AndthenthefactflashedonmethatallmylifeIhadbeenputtingonmyleftbootfirst.

IfyouhadaskedmefiveminutesbeforewhichbootIputonfirst,Ishouldhavesaidthattherewasnofirstaboutit;yetnow

IfoundIwasinahabitsofixedthattheattempttoputonmyrightbootfirstaffectedme.Thethingcouldn,tbedone.And

thencameintomymindthatfascinatingbookofSamuelButler,sonLifeandHabit.Yes,certainly,herewasasubjectthat

would"go."Itookoutapencil,seizedsomewritingpaper,andsatdowntowriteon"TheForceof

36.By“Itisnotpovertyyousufferfrom,butanembarrassmentofriches.^^inparagraph1,theauthormeans.

A.somesubjectsaretoocomplicatedorembarrassingtowriteon

B.povertyisnolongeraproblemnowadays,butembarrassmentis

C.poorpeopledon,tencounterasmanyembarrassmentsastherich

D.there,resomanysubjectsthatit,shardtodecidewhichtochoose

37.Whydidtheauthorsharpenhispencilswithgreatcare?

A.Tohelphimselfpromotethinking.B.Todrawwhathesawoutofthewindow.

C.Towritehisarticlemoresmoothly.D.Torelievehimselfofanxietyaboutwriting.

38.Puttingonthebootshelpedtheauthor___一?

A.getridofhisfixedhabitB.lowerhisbloodpressure

C.seethingsfromanewangleD.freehispreoccupiedmind

39.Thepassageismainlyabouttheauthor,s_

A.personalattitudetowardshabitsB.dailyroutinesasaprofessionalwriter

C.writingprocessofaspecialarticleD.decisionmakingonthethemeforanarticle

(B)

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D.Theresultofyourassessmentwillbekeptsecretfromthematchedtherapist.

(C)

Gentlesoundstimulation,alsoknownaspinknoise,maysignificantlyenhancedeepsleepinolderadultsandimprove

theirabilitytorecallwords,anewstudyhasfound.

Deepsleepiscriticalformemoryconsolidation.However,beginninginmiddleage,deepsleepdecreasessubstantially,

whichscientistsbelievecontributestomemorylossinaging.Thesoundstimulationsignificantlyenhanceddeepsleepin

participantsandtheirscoresonamemorytest.??Thisisaninnovative,simpleandsafenon-medicationapproachthatmay

helpimprovebrainhealth,,,saidPhyllisZee,professoratNorthwesternUniversityintheUS."Thisisapotentialtoolfor

enhancingmemoryinolderpopulationsandattenuatingnormalage-relatedmemorydecline,,,saidZee.

Zeeandateamofresearchersgathered13adults,60andolder,andmonitoredtheirsleepinalabfortwonights.On

bothnights,theparticipantstookamemorytest,wenttobedwhilewearingheadphonesandaspecialcap,andtookanother

memorytestinthemorning.Butwithouttheparticipants'awareness,researchersonlyplayedpinknoiseintothe

headphonesononenight.Morespecifically,theytimedthesoundstomatchtheparticipants,slow-waveoscillations.During

deepsleep,brainwavesslowtoaboutoneoscillationpersecond,comparedtoabouttenoscillationspersecondduring

wakefulness.Thesystemtheyemployedinthestudyallowedtheteamtodeliveralowburstofpinknoiseatthe??precise

momenf,whentheparticipants,slowwavesrose—apatternthatisuniquetoeachperson.

Thestudyfoundthatparticipants,slowwavesincreasedafterthenightofsoundstimulation,suggestingthattheywere

gettingmoredeepsleep.Andonthemorningafterhearingpinknoise,theyperformedthreetimesbetteronmemorytests

thantheydidaftersleepingwithoutanysoundstimulation.

Previousresearchshowedpinknoiseduringdeepsleepcouldimprovememoryconsolidationinyoungpeople.Butit

hasnotbeentestedinolderadults.Thenewstudytargetedolderindividualsandusedanovelsoundsystemthatincreased

theeffectivenessofthesoundstimulationinolderpopulations.

Thestudywasarelativelysmallone,sofurtherresearchisneededtoconfirmitsfindingsandtostudyhowlonger-term

useofpinknoiseaffectssleep.ButNorthwesternhastakenstepstopatenttheresearchers,technology,whichseemstohave

hituponawaytostimulateslowwavesattherightmoment.Theteamhopestodevelopanaffordabledevicethatpeoplecan

useathome,fromthecomfortoftheirbeds.

43.Thenewstudymainlyrevealsthat.

A.deepsleepconsolidatesoldadults,memory

B.pinknoiseboostsmemoι*yamongtheelderly

C.sleepdisordersplayakeyroleinmemoryloss

D.soundstimulationincreasesthelengthofsleep

44.Theword“attenuating“inthesecondparagraphmostprobablymeans.

A.worseningB.reversingC.slowingdownD.bringingabout

45.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthenewstudy?

A.Itemployedasoundsystemprogrammedinstepwithbrainwaves.

B.Itcomparedtheeffectsonolderadultsandonyoungerpopulations.

C.Itrepeatedtheexperimentseveraltimeswithouttheparticipants,notice.

D.Itadjustedtheparticipants5slow-waveoscillationstomatchthestimulations.

46.Itcanbeinferredthattheapproachusedinthestudy.

A.mayputoldadultsinriskinthelongrun

B.hasthepotentialtobeappliedinpractice

C.requiresaninnovativeandaffordabledevice

D.needsNorthwestern,spatentforconfirmation

SectionC

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.

Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.

Trash-EatingRobots

Ithasbecomecommonknowledgethatouroceansarefilledwithgarbage.Brokenobjects,usedplasticbottlesandso

onfillourbeachesandcovertheoceanfloor,doingimmensedamagetooceancreatures.Manyindividualsand

organizationsareworkingtoremovethisgarbageandrecenttechnologicaldevelopmentshavegiventhemanewtooltodo

so:trash-eatingrobots.

Robotsofvariousshapeshavebeendesignedtocollectgarbagethattheyfindfloatingintheocean.Forexample,the

FrenchcompanyIADYShasdevelopedwhatitcallsthejellyfishbot.47ThejelIyfishbotisremotelycontrolled

andcancleanupto1,000squaremetersperhour.Itcontainsanetthatcanholdupto30liters.Thejellyfishbots,smallsize

andabilitytobeeasilycontrolledmakethemidealforcleaningupcrowdedareassuchasports.

48Designedforuseonrivers,theInterceptorlookslikeaboatwithaconveyorbeltthatpicksuptrash.

AshallowbarrierattachedtotheInterceptorguidesfloatingtrashtotheconveyorbelt,butfishcanswimunderitsafely.

Onceasensorindicatesthatthedustbinsarefull,theInterceptorautomaticallysendsatextmessagetoonshoreoperators.

Theseoperatorscollectandemptythedustbins,sendingthegarbagetolocalwastemanagementfacilities.

Mostofthegarbageintheoceanscomesdownrivers.49HencetheInterceptorisusedtostoppollution

beforeitenterstheocean.

TheInterceptoriscompletelysolar-poweredandoperatesonitsown,whichminimizestheneedforhuman

involvement.Robotsareabletocleanuplargeamountsofgarbagewithouthumansstrugglingwithbeachcleanupbyhand.

50

A.Itisn,tjustaboutremovingthegarbagefromtheocean,ssurface.

B.Hopefully,theycanbeabigpartofthesolutiontooceanpollution.

C.Thissmallrobotgathersupeverythingitencounters,includinggasolineandoil.

D.Forlarger,moreopenareas,amuchlargerrobotcalledtheInterceptorhasasimilarfunction.

E.Ifallgoeswell,they,rehopingtoexpandthenumberofrobotsandtakethetechnologytootherwaterwaysinneedof

cleanup.

F.Cleaninguptrashthatlitterstheoceanisgood,buttokeeptheoceansclean,newgarbagemustbestoppedfromgetting

there.

IV.SummaryWriting

51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan

60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

TheDunning-KrugerEffect

In1999,socialpsychologistsDavidDunningandJustinKrUgerdidaseriesofstudiesevaluatingpeople'scompetence

incertainareas.Thepeopleinthestudieswerealsoaskedtoevaluatetheirownabilitiesineacharea.DunningandKruger

foundthatpeoplewhoscoredverylowonthetesttendedtooverestimatetheirabilities.Laterresearchhasindicatedthata

similarprincipleappliestootherareasaswell.ThisprinciplehasbecomeknownastheDunning-Krugereffectafterthe

researcherswhodiscoveredit.TheDunning-Krugereffectoccursbecauseonlywhenpeoplehaveskillsinagivenareaare

theyequippedtoevaluatetheirownskills.Forexample,insomesituationsittake