醫(yī)學(xué)綜合英語課后題答案

Keys:

Unit1Influenza

PartTwo

I.Pre-classTasks

Taskl

l.A2.D3.C4.A5.B

Task2

1.exhausted2.available3.overlooked4.Spittingup5.makeit

Task3

1.tired2.filled3.spit4.breathe5.improved6.Regained

II.In-classTasks

Task1Lead-inActivity

1.Comparedwithcold,flusymptomsdevelopmuchfasterandaremoresevere.They

canlastfrom3daysto2weeks.

2.Youcanreducethechancesofgettingflubystayingawayfrompeoplewhoaresick,

washingyourhandsfrequentlyespeciallybeforetouchingyoureyes,noseormouthand

gettingafluvaccineeachyear.

Task2Text-basedExercise

Task2.1

l.T2.F3.NG4.T5.T

Task2.2

l.H2.F3.A4.J5.E6.D7.G

Task2.3

1.breaks2.appetite3.immune4.transmission5.available

Task2.4

1.通常在當(dāng)你接觸過攜帶流感病毒的人一到四天之后，流感癥狀才會(huì)顯現(xiàn)。

2.家庭治療包括休息，大量補(bǔ)充液體，吃藥以減低體溫。

3.醫(yī)生可能會(huì)抽血或者從你的鼻子喉部提取液體樣本來檢測你感染的流感病毒

種類。

4.你可以注射疫苗，也可以由鼻腔吸入疫苗噴霧。

5.建議醫(yī)務(wù)工作者以及任何與流感問題高危人群同住或工作的人接種流感疫苗。

Task3Terminology-basedExercise

Task3.1

1.diarrhea2.virus3.vaccine4.pneumonia5.bronchitis

Task3.2

1.spray2.mildest3.immunity4.failure5.strain

6.moderate7.Strain8.shot9.dropletslO.strain

11.Moderate12.shot13.impaired14.sprayed15.mild

Task3.3

1.leadtokidneyfailure

2.makethesymptomsmilder

3.Cigarettesmokingisresponsibleforabout90%

4.classifythevirusas

5.athighriskoffurtheroutbreaks

Task3.4

1.Thevaccineisespeciallyimportantforpeoplewithimpairedimmunesystemthat

makeithardtofightinfection.

2.Highlevelsofstressmayloweryourimmunitytocommoncold.

3.Stillthecauseofthenewoutbreakoffluremainsunknown.

4.Thevirusisspreadfrompersontopersonviadropletsproducedwheninfectedpeople

coughorsneeze.

5.Mostinfectedpeoplerecoverwithinonetotwoweekswithoutmedicaltreatment.

Unit2Asthma

PartTwo

Pre-classTasks

Taskl

1.D2.B3.C4.A5.C

Task2

1.relief2.fillup3.usedup4.intake5.cravefor

Task3

1.shortness2.immune3.depleted4.collapsing5.light6.complications

In-classTasks

Taskl.Lead-inActivity

1.Asthmaisachroniclong-termconditionthatcanbemanagedbutnotcured.

2.Asthmatictriggerssuchashousedustmites,pollen,cigarettesmoke,animalfurand

chestinfections.However,forsomepeople,theonsetofasthmaisunpredictable

andmaybecausedbyanxiety,stressorevenlaughter.

3.Anacuteasthmaattackrequiresmedicalintervention.

Task2Text-basedExercise

Task2.1

1.NG2.T3.F4.T5.T

Task2.2

1.B2.C3.A4.B5.C6.B

Task2.3

1.chronic2.wheezing3.attacks4.reversible5.avoid

Task2.4

1.得哮喘時(shí)，人們的氣管會(huì)產(chǎn)生炎癥，導(dǎo)致輸送氧氣至肺部的氣道暫時(shí)狹窄。

2.一般認(rèn)為，這種炎癥在很大程度上造成了哮喘對肺部產(chǎn)生的長期傷害。

3.從長遠(yuǎn)看，治療這類炎癥是控制哮喘的關(guān)鍵。

4.有哮喘家族史的人罹患此病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也會(huì)增加。

5.你的哮喘癥狀也可能每次發(fā)作都不同，此次輕微，彼次嚴(yán)重。

Task3Terminology-basedExercise

Task3.1

1.swollen2.acute3.irritability4.allergen5.infection

Task3.2

1.obstruction2.Irritant/irritating3.attack4.trouble5.

airway

6.attack7.triggers8.obstruction9.irritate10.Chronic

11.irritant12.obstruct13.inflammation14.contribute15.allergy

Task3.3

1.reacttoallergenssuchaspollens

2.Chesttightnessandshortnessofbreath

3.exercise-inducedasthmaisachronicdisease

4.theladywithafamilyhistoryofasthma

5.印刷錯(cuò)誤：最后一個(gè)詞應(yīng)為emergency

potentialcausesofairwayirritability

Task3.4

1.Thosewiththatskinconditionmaybediagnosedwithanotherillnessortoldtheir

discomfortswilldisappearinweeks.

2.Contactwiththesetriggersmaycausesymptomssuchascoughingandwheezing.

3.Fortunately,thisairwayobstructionistemporaryandreversible.

4.Peoplewithasthmashouldtakeanti-inflammatorydrugseverydaytolessenthe

riskofacuteasthmaattacks.

5.Sinceitisunknownwhatcausesthisdisease,doctorshavetobasethediagnosison

physicalexam,medicalandfamilyhistoryanddiagnostictestresults.

Unit3ToothCavity

PartTwo

I.Pre-classTasks

Taskl

l.C2.A3.D4.B5.D

Task2

1.anoverabundance2.stunned3.relatedto4.throbbing5.introuble

Task3

1.cavities2.sign3.fillings4.sensitive5.throbbing6.horrifying

II.In-classTasks

Task1Lead-inActivity

1.Becausethebacteriaareofthesamecolorwithteethandtheyhideinthosehard-

reachareas.

2.Cutoutbetween-mealsnacksandregularlyremovebacteriawithbrushorfloss.

Task2Text-basedExercise

Task2.1

l.F2.T3.NG4.F5.F

Task2.2

l.E2.E3.C4.B5.F6.D7.B

8.D9.B10.A11.C12.F13.D14.F

Task2.3

1.combination2.transfer3.irritated4.reversed5.extractions

Task2.4

1.蛀牙是導(dǎo)致牙空腔（牖齒）形成的過程，當(dāng)你口中細(xì)菌產(chǎn)生的酸侵蝕掉牙齒的

時(shí)候，它就發(fā)生了。

2.如不治療，蛀牙會(huì)導(dǎo)致疼痛、感染、牙齒脫落。

3.細(xì)菌與食物的共同作用導(dǎo)致蛀牙。

4.蛀牙往往直到出現(xiàn)空腔或牙齒感染時(shí)才會(huì)出現(xiàn)癥狀。

Task3Terminology-basedExercise

Task3.1

1.pulp2.enamel3.crown4.abscess5.saliva

Task3.2

1.crowned2.Canal3.extract4.Brushing5.bridge

6.breath7.crown8.implanted9.canal10.bridge

11.breath12.implant13.transfer14.reverse15.irritation

Task3.3

1.resultsinvarioushealthproblems

2.feedonotherorganisms

3.flossyourteethatleastonceaday

4.howparentscanmakesurethattheirchildhasabalanceddiet

5.havemanyquestionsaboutapatientsmedicalhistory

Task3.4

1.Parentsneedtomakesurethatthefamilypracticesgooddentalhealthhabitssoasto

preventtoothdecayinkids.

2.Treatmentfortoothdecayvariessignificantlyaccordingtotheseverityofthedecay.

3.Fillingcanrestoreatoothtotheoriginalshape.

4.Iftherootofthetoothisseverelydamaged,youmayneedanextraction,andreplace

thetoothwithabridgeoranimplant.

5.Ifyourdentistneglectsyourrequirements,don'tbeafraidtoswitchdentists.

Unit4Acne

PartTwo

I.Pre-classTasks

Taskl

l.A2.B3.D4.C5.B

Task2

1.gothrough2.severe3.scars4.impact5.invain

Task3

1.confidence2.mild3.magic4.wary5.impacted6.tortured

II.In-classTasks

Task1Lead-inActivity

1.Sebaceousglandandhairfollicle.

2.Poorhygiene.Geneticpredisposition.Acceleratedglandularactivity.

3.Face,neck,chestshoulderandupperback.

Task2Text-basedExercise

Task2.1

l.T2.F3.F4.NG5.F

Task2.2

Para1-2C;Para3-5G;Para6B;Para7-9A;Para10-12F

Task2.3

1.bumps2.sebaceous3.stimulation4.multiply5.prescribe

Task2.4

1.座瘡是一種皮膚疾病，其表現(xiàn)為形態(tài)各異的腫塊，可以是黑頭粉刺、粟粒疹、

丘疹或囊腫。

2.然而，隨著青年人身體開始發(fā)育成熟，激素刺激皮脂腺分泌更多皮脂，這些腺

體活動(dòng)可能會(huì)變得過于活躍。

3.細(xì)菌可能就會(huì)被困在那些毛孔之內(nèi)開始繁殖，導(dǎo)致腫脹、發(fā)紅，這即是瘞瘡的

開始。

4.醫(yī)生可能會(huì)使用處方藥來治療座瘡。根據(jù)座瘡程度不同，治療方法有：使用處

方藥膏來防止丘疹、服用抗生素來殺滅導(dǎo)致丘疹的細(xì)菌；如果座瘡嚴(yán)重，則服用

藥效更強(qiáng)的藥物，如同類松脂酸，甚至是做個(gè)外科小手術(shù)。

Task3Terminology-basedExercise

Task3.1

1.hormone2.sebum3.puberty4.follicle5.dermatologist

Task3.2

1.periods2.Common3.prescription4.stimulus5.myth

6.common7.periods8.clogged9.lubricate10.bumped

11.lotion12.squeezing13.bump14.permanent15.stimulate

Task3.3

1.chancesaregoodthatyoumaydeveloplungcancer

2.cutbackontheintakeofjunkfood

3.Thewideapplicationofbirthcontrolpills

4.pickatacne

5.playaroundwithvitamins

Task3.4

1.Alongwithmanyadults,mostteensexperienceacommonconditioncalledacneat

theirpuberty.

2.Knowingacneisnotabigissuedoesn'talwaysmakeiteasierforthosewhohave

someacne.

3.Acneusuallyshowsupontheface,necketc.

4.Ifsebum,bacteriaanddeadskincellsmaketheirwayundertheskin,youare

probablyleftwithpimples.

5.Itisverytemptingforyoutosqueezeapimpleifyouseeitonyourface.

Unit5Dyspepsia

PartTwo

I.Pre-classTasks

Taskl

1.D2.A3.B4.C5.A

Task2

1.alternate2.rectal3.lifestylechanges4.pressure5.promotes

Task3

1.complained2.antacids3.relief4.rescheduled5.medications6.quit

II.In-classTasks

Task1Lead-inActivity

1.Itismadeupbyorgansthatworktogethertobreakdownfoodsandturntheminto

energythathelpyourbodytoworkandgrow.

2.Thedigestivesystemincludesmouth,esophagus,liver,stomach,gallbladder,

pancreas,largeintestine,smallintestine,rectumandanus.

Task2Text-basedExercise

Task2.1

l.F2.T3.T4.T5.NG

Task2.2

1.paragraph52.paragraph13.paragraph3

4.paragraph45.paragraph9

Task2.3

1.Dyspepsia2.experience3.medications4.trigger5.exercises

Task2.4

1.胃弱，也稱消化不良，是絕大多數(shù)成人一生中至少都會(huì)經(jīng)歷過一次的問題。

2.消化不良往往與以下有關(guān)：過度進(jìn)食，特別是量大或油膩食物；吃夜宵；吸煙；

喝酒；生活壓力等。

3.燒心是指胸部中央有疼痛或燒灼感，進(jìn)食時(shí)或進(jìn)食后，可放射至頸部或背部。

4.進(jìn)食時(shí)，吸入過多空氣，可能會(huì)加重曖氣及鼓脹癥狀，這往往與消化不良有關(guān)。

5.因?yàn)榕c消化不良類似的癥狀可能提示存在嚴(yán)重健康問題，因此，如果你經(jīng)常消

化不良的話，應(yīng)當(dāng)就醫(yī)。

Task3Terminology-basedExercise

Task3.1

1.heartburn2.pancreatitis3.gallbladder4.breastbone5.esophagus

Task3.2

1.sensationindicators2.indicates3.radiated4.eased5.are

relatedto6.prescribed7.heavy8.Indication已在句子中

9.persistent10.radiation

11.excessive12.heavy13.prescription14.sensation15.burning

Task3.3

1.generalcheckuponaregularbasis

2.fbllowthedentist9srecommendation

3.largelyduetothedoctorsandnurses9jointefforts

4.maintainingahealthyweightishelpfulfor

5.isassociatedwithincreasedrisksof

Task3.4

1.Althoughtoothachemaynotbeabigissue,it'softendirectlyassociatedwithhealth

andqualityoflife.

2.Duringthemiddleandlaterpartsofpregnancy,manywomenmayexperience

indigestionintimesofstress.

3.Apartfromdiseaseandmedication,improperlifestyleisalsoamajorcauseof

indigestion,suchas:eatingtoomuchandtoofast,smokinganddrinkingtoomuch

alcoholetc.

4.Forsomechronicdiseases,afamilydoctormayhelpbetterthanaspecialist.

5.Abariumswallowiscommonlyappliedtoexamineproblemsinthestomach,

duodenum,smallintestine,colonandappendix.

Unit6Anemia

PartTwo

I.Pre-classTasks

Taskl

1.B2.C3.A4.D5.B

Task2

1.enoughoxygen2.vitamins3.suicide4.testresults5.sideeffects

Task3

1.anemic2.spiraled3.anorexia4.worse5.injections6.Normal

II.In-classTasks

Task1Lead-inActivity

1.Hemoglobinisabrightredproteinwhichgivesblooditscolor.

2.Itoccurswhentherearetoofewredbloodcellsornotenoughhemoglobin.

Task2Text-basedExercise

Task2.1

l.F2.T3.F4.T5.NG

Task2.2

1.paragraph92.paragraph73.paragraph3

4.paragraph25.paragraph8

Task2.3

1.maintain2.delivery3.chronic4.blood5.evaluation

Task2.4

1.貧血是指血液中紅細(xì)胞數(shù)量偏低的一種疾病。

2.實(shí)際上貧血本身不是疾病而是疾病進(jìn)程的表征。

3.預(yù)防貧血需要腎臟、骨髓和體內(nèi)營養(yǎng)的共同協(xié)作。

4.如果腎臟或脊髓不發(fā)揮作用，或者身體營養(yǎng)不良，紅細(xì)胞數(shù)量和功能就難以維

系。

5.貧血的治療方案視其誘因和嚴(yán)重性而定，有很大差異。

Task3Terminology-basedExercise

Task3.1

1.ulcer2.plasma3.marrow4.vitamin5.Colon

Task3.2

1.deficiency2.critical3.tissues4.delivered

5.periods6.compensate7.detected8.deliveries

9.acquire10.period11.critical12.compensate

13.detected14.deficiencies15.Acquired

Task3.3

1.Hersymptomshaveworsened

2.provideacluetothetestingresults

3.aroutinegeneralcheck-up

4.equallyimportantfordoctorstodeterminethecause

5.hasbeenfullyevaluatedbythegroupmembers

Task3.4

1.Althoughredbloodcellsaremadewithinthebonemarrow,manyanyotherorgans

inthebodyareinvolvedintheproduction

2.Ifthereasonforanemiaisknown,thenmeasurestokeepitundercontrolarevery

important.

3.Iftheredbloodcellslowertoacertainlevel,thedoctormayorderaredbloodcell

transfusiontohelpwiththesymptomsofanemia.

4.Verylittlecanbedonetoself-treatanemiaandmedicaltreatmentisgenerallyneeded.

5.Hersymptomsandbloodtestresultsarehighlysuggestiveofanemia.

Unit7Hypertension

PartTwo

Pre-classTasks

Task1

2.F2.NG3.T4.F5.T

Task2

2.checkup2.tricky3.control4.adjusted5.campaign

Task3

1.diagnosis2.reading3.cardiologist4.stroke5.control6.alert

In-classTasks

Taskl.Lead-inActivity

1.Itcanleadtoheartattack,stroke,kidneydamageandevendeath.

2.Whenthebloodvesselsarecloseddownorconstrictedandit'smoredifficultfor

bloodtoflow.

3.Thethickeningofthemuscleintheheart.

Task2Text-basedExercise

Task2.1

2.F2.T3.T4.NG5.F

Task2.2

2.B2.E3.A4.B5.D6.EF7.D8.C

Task2.3

1.arteries2.exact/underlying3.initial4.cured5.lower

Task2.4

1.高血壓沒有初期癥狀卻會(huì)引發(fā)長期的疾病和并發(fā)癥，因此被稱為“無聲殺手”。

2.血壓指血液流經(jīng)全身時(shí)對動(dòng)脈壁施加的壓力。

3.雖然原發(fā)性高血壓多少有些神秘，但它已經(jīng)與一些危險(xiǎn)因素聯(lián)系在一起了，

比如家族史、年齡、飲食和生活方式等。

4.測量血壓以毫米汞柱為單位（mmHg）,書寫時(shí)收縮壓在上、舒張壓在下。

5.服用抗高血壓藥的目的在于控制血壓，將其降低至正常水平。

Task3Terminology-basedExercise

Task3.1

2.artery2.stethoscope3.cardiovascular4.sphygmomanometer5.obese

Task3.2

2.systolic2.essential3.essence4.secondary5.essential

6.diastolic?,secondary8.urine9.monitor10.obese

11.monitoring12.prehypertension13.secondary14.sodium15.disorder

Task3.3

6.bloodiscoursingthroughthebody

7.theinitialsymptomstendtobeneglected

8.theunderlyingcauseofheartfailure

9.linkedtosomeriskfactors

10.takebloodpressurereadings

Task3.4

1.Mostpatientswhoinsistedonaerobicdancinghadstableeffect,withdrawingthe

hypertensiondrugsandhavingnoobviouscardiovascularsymptomsduringthe

observation.

2.Theexactcausesofhypertensionarenotknown,butadrenaldisordermayplaya

roleinitsdevelopment.

3.Ifyourbloodpressureisextremelyhighinregularcheckups,youneedtolookout

forcertainsymptomssuchassevereheadacheandbloodinurine.

4.Hypertensioncanbetreatedwithdrugs,butthecriticalstepisahealthylifestyleto

haveyourbloodpressureundercontrol.

5.Loweringbloodpressureinarteriessignificantlyreducestheriskofdeathdueto

heartdiseaseandstroke.

6.

Unit8CoronaryThrombosis

PartTwo

I.Pre-classTasks

Taskl

1.D2.B3.C4.D5.B

Task2

1.calledfor2.imperative3.located4.medication5.followedup

Task3

1.experienced/suffered2.suffered/experienced3.mild4.1ocated5.

blockage6.check-up

II.In-classTasks

Task1Lead-inActivity

1.Theheartisresponsibleforpumpingoxygen-richbloodtotherestofthebody,

providingtheenergythebodyneedstofunction.

2.Itpreventsbloodfromreachingpartoftheheartmuscle.

Task2Text-basedExercise

Task2.1

l.T2.NG3.T4.F5.F

Task2.2

1.paragraph22.paragraph73.paragraph9

4.paragraph45.paragraphs

Task2.3

1.thrombosis2.radiate3.plaque4.accompanied5.dilate

Task2.4

1.心臟由兩個(gè)主要的輸送血和氧的冠狀動(dòng)脈包圍著。

2.如果血栓在其中一個(gè)冠狀動(dòng)脈里形成，那部分心肌的供血就會(huì)停止。

3.如果堵塞不能用藥很快消除，那部分缺氧的心肌就會(huì)停止正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。

4.動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化是指動(dòng)脈壁里膽固醇和脂肪的堆積。

Task3Terminology-basedExercise

Task3.1

1.thrombosis2.atherosclerosis3.cholesterol4.plaque

5.angina

Task3.2

1.rupture2.hardened3.saturated4.rupture5.blockage

6.dilates7.radiate8.hardened9.dissolve10.constricted

11.hardened12.develop13.blockage14.develop15.accompany

Task3.3

1.helpbloodflowpastablockage

2.bringonheartdiseaseandotherhealthproblems

3.watchoutforsymptomsofmeasles

4.spreaddowntheneckregion

5.maynotbeaccompaniedbyanyoftheacutesigns

Task3.4

1.Acoronarythrombosisoccurswhenanarteryintheheartisblockedbyabloodclot.

2.Theconditioncanleadtoamyocardialinfarction,mostcommonlyknownasaheart

attack.

3.Ashumansage,theironcesmoothandopenarteriesbegintohardenandthickenin

aprocesscalledatherosclerosis.

4.Thesefattydepositscanevenruptureandeventuallyleadtoheartattack.

5.Atherosclerosisdevelopsoveraperiodoftimeandtheseverityofthiscondition

variesfrompersontoperson.

Unit9BreastCancer

PartTwo

I.Pre-classTasks

Taskl

1.A2.B3.D4.C5.B

Task2

1.routinecheckup2.earlydetection3.cancer-free4.misdiagnosis5.

spreadto

Task3

1.educate2.surviving3.environmental4.diagnosis5.won6.cancerous

II.In-classTasks

Task1Lead-inActivity

1.Youneedtoknowwhatyourbreastsfeellikenormallysothatyoucanrecognizeany

changes.

2.Thebreastsmightfeellumpyduetobenignfibrocysticbreastdiseases,cysts,scar

tissue,infectionsandothercausesthathavenothingtodowithbreastcancer.

3.Youshouldtellyourdoctoraboutyourfamilyhistoryandthedoctormaysuggest

youthatyoustarthavingmammogramearlierthan40.

Task2Text-basedExercise

Task2.1

l.F2.T3.F4.F5.NG

Task2.2

l.D2.A3.B4.D5.E6.A

7.B8.E9.A10.E11.C

Task2.3

1.malignant2.genetic3.nipples4.self-exam5.remove/keep

Task2.4

1.它們可能侵襲附近的組織，形成一個(gè)叫做惡性腫瘤的包塊。

2.罹患乳腺癌的另一個(gè)重要原因是服用口服的避孕藥，這會(huì)導(dǎo)致激素失調(diào)。

3.醫(yī)生會(huì)根據(jù)你的年齡和危險(xiǎn)因素建議你去做乳房X光檢查，這項(xiàng)檢查就是用

X射線檢查乳房。

4.其它可能有幫助的預(yù)防措施包括母乳喂養(yǎng)、定期檢查乳房和接受乳房X光檢

查以及避免激素替換療法。

Task3Terminology-basedExercise

Task3.1

1.biopsy2.mammogram3.chemotherapy4.lumpectomy5.mastectomy

Task3.2

1.consumes2.abnormal3.invade4.discharge5.removal

6.malignant7.aging8.Preventative9.consumption10.removed

11.invasion12.discharged13.sample14.invasion15.stage

Task3.3

1.invadeotherorgans

2.causeseveresideeffects

3.tookasampleofthetissuefromthewallofhisstomach

4.keepalow-fatdiet

5.withafamilyhistoryofhypertension

Task3.4

1.Scientistshaveproventhatbeingphysicallyactivemighthelpdepressantshavea

quickerrecovery.

2.Thecancercellsinhisleftlungbegangrowingoutofcontrolandwithinayeargrow

intoatumorevenlargerthanawalnut.

3.Besidesageandfamilyhistory,unhealthydietandlivinghabitsarealsooneofthe

riskfactorsforhypertension.

4.Thepurposeofgastroscopyistomakeanobservationinsidethestomachandtakea

sampleoffthestomachwallforbiopsy.

5.Shecouldn'thelpfeelingalarmedwiththesuddennippleretractionandthe

accompanyingburningsensationintheneighboringtissues.

UnitlOObesity

PartTwo

I.Pre-classTasks

Taskl

1.A2.D3.D4.B5.A

Task2

1.putonweight2.fastfood3.roadtorecovery4.excessiveskin5.

withpositivity

Task3

1.obese2.existed3.virtual4.recovery5.fitness6.

perseverance

II.In-classTasks

Task1Lead-inActivity

1.Thefoodiscookedintraditionalandnaturalwaysandnopreservativesareused,

whichisgoodforstudents'health.

2.Theirmostfavoritefoodsarethosehighinfat,sugarandpreservatives.Theirleast

favoritefoodsarefishandvegetables.

3.BecauseuntilnowChinastillhasnolawregulatingnutritioninschoolsandthereis

ahugelackofprofessionalnutritionists.

Task2Text-basedExercise

Task2.1

l.F2.T3.NG4.F5.T

Task2.2

1.Prevention2.weight3.sedentary4.Treatment5.constant6.

medication

Task2.3

1.bodyfat2.behavioral3.associated4.diagnostics,surgery

Task2.4

1.由于電視、電腦和其它科技的影響，人們更少進(jìn)行體育活動(dòng)，肥胖問題也變得

愈加嚴(yán)重。

2.BMI是用來測量肥胖程度的方法。它是由一個(gè)人體重（公斤）除以他身高（米）

的平方而得出的。

3.與那些脂肪集中在臀部的人（有時(shí)被稱作梨形身材的）相比，那些“蘋果”形

身材的人，也就是主要胖在腰上的人罹患肥胖引發(fā)的健康問題的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更大。

4.要想成功地實(shí)現(xiàn)永久瘦身，最好的方法是制定現(xiàn)實(shí)的體重控制目標(biāo)，改變飲食

習(xí)慣并增加體育鍛煉。

5.專家們發(fā)現(xiàn)那些慢慢地，不斷地降低體重的（比如一星期減一或兩磅）肥胖者

們相比之下在達(dá)到他們的目標(biāo)體重后更能成功地保持體重不反彈。

Task3Terminology-basedExercise

Task3.1

1.insulin2.trauma3.fracture4.apnea5.antidepressant

Task3.2

1.hit2.positive3.retreat4.highlights5.recommend

6.positive7.convenient8.balance9.impacted10.retreat

11.hit12.highlights13.convenience14.balanced15.hit

Task3.3

1.shedding/reducing/losing30kginweight

2.themaincontributorstohypertension

3.expend/burnthemwithactivitiessuchasphysicalexercises

4.atriskofdevelopingmanyseriousdiseases/atriskformanyseriousdiseases

5.beprescribedmedication

Task3.4

1.Happinessiscalculatedbydividingwhatyouhavebywhatyoudesire,meaningthe

moreyoudesire,thelesshappyyouare.

2.Toomuchscreentimeplaysaroleintheincreasingcasesofnear-sightednessamong

primaryschoolchildreninChina.

3.Itisvitalforpatientswithhypertensiontokeeptrackoftheirbloodpressureandthe

typeanddoseoftheirmedication.

4.Afterbeingdiagnosedwithhighbloodpressure,hehadtocutbackonsaltintakeand

maintainamorephysicallyactivewayofliving.

5.Thesedentarywayoflivingisassociatedwithmanymodernhealthconditions,such

ascervicalvertebraandlumbarvertebradiseases,highbloodpressureand

cardiovasculardiseasestonameafew。

Unit11HIVandAIDS

PartTwo

I.Pre-classTasks

Taskl

1.B2.C3.D4.D5.B

Task2

1.complications2.contaminated3.diagnosedwith4.Addictedto5.blood

transfusion

Task3

1.epidemic2.announced3.legislation4.related5.victim6.advocating

II.In-classTasks

Task1Lead-inActivity

1.Unsafesex,contactwithbloodofaninfectedperson,frommothertochildduring

pregnancy,childbirthandbreastfeeding.

2."Seropositive^^meansapersonhasHIVbutisnotsymptomatic.

3.Tohavesafesexandusecleanneedles.

Task2Text-basedExercise

Task2.1

l.T2.T3.NG4.F5.F

Task2.2

1.paragraph52.paragraph113.paragraph2

4.paragraph45.paragraph9

Task2.3

1.immune2.passed/transmitted3.asymptomatic4.blood5.vaccine6.

high-risk

Task2.4

1.由于艾滋病可使免疫系統(tǒng)發(fā)生改變，因此患者更容易患其他感染和疾病。

2.在最初感染人體免疫缺陷病毒之后是一個(gè)慢性或潛伏的階段，在這段時(shí)間病

毒繼續(xù)生長并破壞免疫系統(tǒng)但是活躍性下降。

3.如果不加以治療，艾滋病毒會(huì)削弱免疫系統(tǒng)，使此人容易罹患嚴(yán)重的疾病。這

一感染階段被稱為艾滋病階段。

4.醫(yī)生會(huì)讓那些反饋結(jié)果呈陽性的人做一些其它的檢查，看看感染的發(fā)展情況,

并且決定何時(shí)開始治療。

5.在受到血液和其它體液污染后立即不斷地并徹底地清洗被污染的皮膚能降低被感

染的機(jī)率。

Task3Terminology-basedExercise

Task3.1

1.intravenous2.perinatal3.rectal4.epidemic5.pediatric

Task3.2

1.opportunistic2.progress3.latent4.persistent5.primary

6.exposure7.positive8.delivery9.opportunistic10.screened

11.susceptibility12.screen13.persistent14.primary15.contact

Task3.3

l.heishepatitispositive

2.istransmittedthroughcontaminatedbody/bodilyfluids

3.areprone/vulnerable/susceptibletoopportunisticinfections

4.howtheinfectionhasprogressed/developed

5.greatly/considerably/significantly/substantiallyimprovetheirqualityoflife

Task3.4

1.Intheadvanced/latestageofHIVinfection,thepatientmaydevelopnumerous

opportunisticinfectionswhichultimatelyleadtodeath.

2.IfexposedtotheHIVvirus,onemustget/undergotheHIVtestassoonaspossible,

abloodtestwhichscreensspecificallyfortheHIVvirus.

3.Duetodamagedimmunesystem,AIDSpatientsarevulnerable/susceptible