江西省贛州市高三下學(xué)期3月摸底考試英語(yǔ)試題

贛州市2024年高三年級(jí)摸底考試英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Strangers.2.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themanshouldwearthickerclothes.B.Themanshouldtrytoloseweight.CTheTshirtdoesn'tmatchthecoat.3.Whatwouldthewomanliketodo?A.Preparefortheexam.B.Gotothecinema.C.Takearest.4.WhattroubledoesthemanhaveinParis?A.Findingplaces.B.Makingfriends.C.municatingwithlocals.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inameetingroom.C.Onaplayground.第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomanhavetodo?A.GotoAustralia.B.Mailgifts.C.Gototheairport.7.Whendoesthelastpostleave?A.At12:30.B.At12:00C.At11:30.聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Doingthecooking.B.Collectingrubbish.C.Findingsomethingtoeat.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heputthesandwichesinhiscar.B.Hemadeamistakeduetohishurry.C.Hefailedtofindthewastecontainer.10.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.Apark.B.Asupermarket.C.Afoodstore.聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inashoppingcenter.B.Inahotel.C.Inarestaurant.12.WhatdoweknowabouttheJapaneserestaurant?A.Itiscrowded.B.Itischeap.C.It'sexpensive.13.Whatrestaurantwillthewomanchoose?A.AChineserestaurant.B.AnAmericanrestaurant.C.AnItalianrestaurant.聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第14至17題。14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Settingthetable.B.WatchingTV.C.Doinghishomework.15.Whoisthewoman?A.Kris'mother.B.Kris'teacher.C.Kris'sister.16.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthedinner?A.Delicious.B.Unhealthy.C.Unsatisfying.17.Whattimecoulditbenow?A.6:00.B.7:00.C.8:00.聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.WhoisDavid?A.Afamousperson.B.AnAmericanwriter.C.Adramaticperformer.19.WhowroteLittleWomen?A.David.B.Louisa.C.Emerson.20.WhendidLouisadie?A.In1868.B.In1867.C.In1888.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASparkLitBookClubSparkLitBookClubBookoftheweekKay’sIncredibleInventionsbyAdamKay,illustratedbyHenryPakeThisentertainingnewbooktakesyouonatripthroughthehistoryoftheworld’smostincredibleinventions—fromthefirstevertoilettothestoryofhowVelcro(魔術(shù)貼)wasinventedbyadog.Someoftheseinventionschangedtheworld;othersdefinitelydidnot.They’reallfascinatingtoreadabout,though,Readers’mentsIt’samazingtoseehoweverydayoccurrencessparkedpeople’screativity.Theinventors’creativityanddeterminationinspiremetodreambigandmakemyideasalive.(JeffKinney,16)Win!WehavefivecopiesofKay’sIncredibleInventionstogiveaway.Forachancetowinacopy,justfillintheentryformattinyurl/twjbooksbeforetheclosingdateof20Marchat8pm.Readers’remendations“Theghostlywintersilencehadgivenwaytothegreatspringmurmurofawakeninglife.Thismurmurarosefromalltheland,fraughtwiththejoyofliving.”(TheCalloftheWild)JackLondonwasbornalmost150yearsagoon12January1876.Hisnovel,TheCalloftheWild,isthestoryofBuck,adogwhohasanepicadventurewithgoldhuntersinthewildsofnorthernCanada.Amustreadforanimalloversandfansofadventurestories!Itwillkeepyouontheedgeofyourseat.(Alistair,17)OnmyshelfSendapictureofyourshelfshowingthebooktitlesclearlyandtelluswhyyoulovethem.Sendittohello@theweekjunior.co.ukwithyournameandage.1.WhatdoreadersneedtodotowinacopyofKay’sIncredibleInventions?A.Fillinaformonlineasrequired. B.Makeamentonthebook.C.Remendabooktoreaders. D.Sendaphototohello@theweekjunior.co.uk.2.WhoisthemaincharacterofthebookbyJackLondon?A.Jack,awriter. B.Henry,ahunter.C.Alistair,ananimallover. D.Buck,adog.3.WhatcanwelearnaboutSparkLitBookClub?A.Ithostsaweeklyreadingsalonamongitsreaders.B.IthaschosenKay’sbookasthebestforthisweek.C.Itregularlyholdspetitionsamongreaders.D.Itrequiresreaderstomentontheirfavoritebooks.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了火花讀書俱樂(lè)部的推薦書籍《不可思議的發(fā)明》和相關(guān)活動(dòng)。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Win!部分中“WehavefivecopiesofKay’sIncredibleInventionstogiveaway.Forachancetowinacopy,justfillintheentryformattinyurl/twjbooksbeforetheclosingdateof20Marchat8pm.(我們有五本凱的《不可思議的發(fā)明》要送人。只要在3月20日晚上8點(diǎn)截止日期之前在tinyurl/twjbooks上填寫報(bào)名表，就有機(jī)會(huì)贏得一份副本)”可知，讀者想要贏得一本《不可思議的發(fā)明》需要先按要求填寫在線表格。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Readers’remendations部分中“JackLondonwasbornalmost150yearsagoon12January1876.Hisnovel,TheCalloftheWild,isthestoryofBuck,adogwhohasanepicadventurewithgoldhuntersinthewildsofnorthernCanada.(杰克·倫敦出生于近150年前的1876年1月12日。他的小說(shuō)《野性的呼喚》講述了一只名叫巴克(Buck)的狗在加拿大北部荒野與黃金獵人一起經(jīng)歷了一場(chǎng)史詩(shī)般的冒險(xiǎn))”可知，杰克·倫敦的書中的主角是一只名為Buck的狗。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bookoftheweek(每周之書)部分中“Kay’sIncredibleInventionsbyAdamKay,illustratedbyHenryPake(亞當(dāng)·凱《不可思議的發(fā)明》，亨利·帕克配圖)”可知，SparkLitBookClub把凱的書《不可思議的發(fā)明》選為本周最佳。故選B項(xiàng)。BAtopahillinagarden,threechildrenwerehavingaheateddiscussion.“It’snotfair!”Magthrewherbiketotheground.“Whywon’tyouletmehaveago?”PaulexchangedglanceswithhisfriendBilly,bothplanningabikeramp(坡道)foranupingstunt(特技)bikepetition.“You’retooyoungforit,”Pauldeclared.Upset,Magranaway.PaulandBillysetouttobuildabikerampoutofawoodenboardandanupturnedmetalbucket.Oneendoftheboardrestedonthegroundwhiletheotherrestedonthebucket.Thehillyterrainseemedperfectfortheirplan.However,eachattempttoridetherampendedwiththeboardoutofplace.Determinedtosecuretheboard,Paulrushedtohisfather’sshedandreturnedwithfourleftoverhousebricks.Placingthemstrategically,hehopeditwouldnowholdfortheirstuntattempts.PaulgaveBillythethumbsup,whowaswaitingatthehill’shighestpoint.Billyraisedhimselfoffhisseat.Ridingdown,hefacedthestrongwind,hishelmetswinging.Absorbedintheirtesting,neithernoticedMagapproachingwithherownplan.Hiddenbehindatree,Mag,seeingherchance,kickedtheboardoffthebucket.Justatthatmoment,Billy’sbikearrivedandhesimplycouldnotbrakeintime.Withnoramp,thebikeswungviolentlyoffcourse,headingdirectlytowardtheshed.Reactingswiftly,Paulleapedaside,avoidingthebike’spathwhileBillyhitthesheddoorwithaloudbang.Mag,realizingherfault,begantosobinregret.“Whydidyoudothat?”Paul,dustinghimselfdown,turnedtofacehissister.Tearfully,Magblurted,“YouguyssaidIcouldn’thaveago…“Paul’sangerfadedaway.Hesaidgently,“Youcan’ttakepartinthesport,butyoucanhelpusrebuildtheramp.”Smilingweakly,Magputherhandinherbigbrother’s.TheyheadedovertohelpBilly,whowasalittleshakenbutotherwiseunhurt.4.WhydidMagfeel“It’snotfair!”?A.Shedidn’thaveagoodbike.B.Shewastooyoungtorideabike.C.Shewasrefusedtobuildtheramp.D.Shewasleftoutofthestuntbiketraining.5.WhatwasMag’splan?A.Tobuildherownbikeramp. B.Toapologizeforherfault.C.Todamagethebikeramp. D.TobegforPaul’spermission.6.HowdidMagfeelbeforewitnessingBillyhitthesheddoor?A.Regretful. B.Cheerful. C.Expectant. D.Angry.7.WhatwasPaullikeinthestory?A.Ambitiousandselfless. B.Caringandunderstanding.C.Warmheartedandcourageous. D.Humbleandconsiderate.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是三個(gè)孩子玩兒戶外自行車特技的故事?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)““Whywon’tyouletmehaveago?”PaulexchangedglanceswithhisfriendBilly,bothplanningabikeramp(坡道)foranupingstunt(特技)bikepetition.(“你為什么不讓我試一試？”Paul和他的朋友比利交換了一下目光，兩人都在為即將到來(lái)的特技自行車比賽計(jì)劃一個(gè)自行車坡道。)”可知，Mag會(huì)覺(jué)得“這不公平！”是因?yàn)樗龥](méi)能參加特技自行車訓(xùn)練。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第五段“Absorbedintheirtesting,neithernoticedMagapproachingwithherownplan.(誰(shuí)也沒(méi)有注意到馬格帶著自己的計(jì)劃走過(guò)來(lái)。)”和倒數(shù)第四段“Hiddenbehindatree,Mag,seeingherchance,kickedtheboardoffthebucket.(麥格躲在樹后，瞅準(zhǔn)機(jī)會(huì)，把木板從桶上踢了下來(lái)。)”“Withnoramp,thebikeswungviolentlyoffcourse,headingdirectlytowardtheshed.”（由于沒(méi)有坡道，自行車劇烈地偏離了軌道，直接朝車棚沖去。）可知，Mag的計(jì)劃是破壞自行車坡道。故選C。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Upset,Magranaway.(Mag不高興地跑開(kāi)了。)”可知，剛開(kāi)始Mag很不高興，再根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Billyhitthesheddoorwithaloudbang.Mag,realizingherfault,begantosobinregret.(Billy砰的一聲撞在小屋的門上。Mag意識(shí)到自己的錯(cuò)誤，開(kāi)始后悔地抽泣起來(lái)。)”可知，Mag在看到Billy撞在小屋的門上前是生氣的，看見(jiàn)那一幕之后是后悔的，故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Paul’sangerfadedaway.Hesaidgently,“Youcan’ttakepartinthesport,butyoucanhelpusrebuildtheramp.”(Paul的怒氣消了。他溫和地說(shuō)：“你不能參加這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，但你可以幫助我們重建坡道?！?”和“TheyheadedovertohelpBilly,whowasalittleshakenbutotherwiseunhurt.(他們走過(guò)去幫助比利，他有點(diǎn)發(fā)抖，但沒(méi)有受傷。)”可知，Paul很理解Mag為什么那么做，所以就不生氣了，他也很關(guān)心Billy的狀況，因此可用caring和understanding來(lái)描述Paul。故選B。CIdropped“rizz”intoaconversationathomeasatesttoseemyson’sfamiliaritywithInternetslang.“Don’tsaythat,”hesaid.“Yousoundterrible.”Intermsofego,itwasafailure.Butasatestofgenerationaldifferencesinlanguageuse,itwasasuccess.IreadinanewspaperthatOxfordUniversityPresshadchosen“rizz”asthewordof2023.Shortforcharisma,rizzisdefinedas“style,charm,orattractiveness”.Internetslanghasbeenconfusinganddifficultformetounderstand.ConsideringitenjoysgreatpopularityamongGenZassociates,asaGenXdirector,shouldIkeepupwiththeInternetslangandbepreparedforitatwork?Onethingisclear:Theattempttoresistisinvain.Internetslangisaproductofitstime.Technologymakeshumourmoreimportant.Slang,saysEricaDhawan,authorofDigitalBodyLanguage,“cancreateclosenesswithcolleagueswhenbodylanguageisnolongertheprimarymunication”.Thatdoesn’tmeanGenXleadersshouldbetryingtodrop“rizz”intoconversation.Itisembarrassing.Partlyitseemsfake,butalsobecauseitishardtokeepupwiththewaylanguagechangesifnotimmersedinit.TonyThorne,oftheSlangandNewLanguageArchiveatKing’sCollegeLondon,saysGenZis“heavilyinfluencedbyviraltrends,itisnotstrictlyonlyverbal...italwayshasoneeyeonvisualmetaphorsandallusions(影射)too”.Workplacenormsevolve.Justfiveyearsagoseniorleaderswereplainingaboutheadphonesintheoffice,Dhawanpointsout.“Nowthey’renormal.”Sotoowithlanguage.Slangslipsintomonusagequickly.OxfordUniversityPress’spastyearswordsinclude“vax”,“toxic”and“climateemergency”,allofwhichseemfairlymainstreamnow.Whosignstheiremailswith“Yoursfaithfully”?Farmoremonis:“Thanks”,“Kindregards”or“Bestwishes”.IstillfrownwhenIseesignoffslikeKRorBWbutgivemeanotheryear,Thx.8.WhatadvantagedoesInternetslangbringtopeopleaccordingtoEricaDhawan?A.Closerelationships. B.Highworkingefficiency.C.Personalpopularity. D.Goodreputation.9.WhatshouldGenXleadersdowithInternetslang?A.Opposeit. B.Keepupwithit. C.Letitslide. D.Useitinconversation.10.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofseniorleaders’acceptanceofInternetslang?A.It’shardtotell. B.It’samatteroftime.C.It’sapieceofcake. D.It’soutofthequestion.11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhereInternetSlangWillLeadtheGenXB.WhyInternetSlangIsaRiddleforBossesC.HowInternetSlangAffectsRelationshipamongColleaguesD.WhatRoletheYouthPlayintheDevelopmentofLanguage【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文，主要講的是高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)對(duì)待網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語(yǔ)的態(tài)度?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Slang,saysEricaDhawan,authorofDigitalBodyLanguage,“cancreateclosenesswithcolleagueswhenbodylanguageisnolongertheprimarymunication”.(《數(shù)字肢體語(yǔ)言》(DigitalBodyLanguage)一書的作者EricaDhawan表示，俚語(yǔ)“可以在肢體語(yǔ)言不再是主要交流方式的情況下，拉近同事之間的距離”。)”可知，EricaDhawan認(rèn)為網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語(yǔ)給人們帶來(lái)的好處是親密的關(guān)系，故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Onethingisclear:Theattempttoresistisinvain.(有一件事是明確的：抵抗的企圖是徒勞的。)”和第四段“Thatdoesn’tmeanGenXleadersshouldbetryingtodrop“rizz”intoconversation.Itisembarrassing.Partlyitseemsfake,butalsobecauseitishardtokeepupwiththewaylanguagechangesifnotimmersedinit.(這并不意味著X一代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人應(yīng)該試圖在談話中加入“rizz”這個(gè)詞。這很尷尬。這在一定程度上似乎是假的，但也因?yàn)槿绻怀两谡Z(yǔ)言中，就很難跟上語(yǔ)言的變化。)”可知，X一代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人應(yīng)該由得網(wǎng)絡(luò)語(yǔ)言發(fā)展，既不反對(duì)它，也不盲目跟從，也不在對(duì)話中使用，故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Workplacenormsevolve.Justfiveyearsagoseniorleaderswereplainingaboutheadphonesintheoffice,Dhawanpointsout.“Nowthey’renormal.”Sotoowithlanguage.Slangslipsintomonusagequickly.(工作場(chǎng)所的規(guī)范在不斷演變。Dhawan指出，就在五年前，高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)還在抱怨辦公室里戴著耳機(jī)?！艾F(xiàn)在他們正常了?！闭Z(yǔ)言也是如此。俚語(yǔ)很快就變成了日常用語(yǔ)。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語(yǔ)的接受只是時(shí)間問(wèn)題，故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“ConsideringitenjoysgreatpopularityamongGenZassociates,asaGenXdirector,shouldIkeepupwiththeInternetslangandbepreparedforitatwork?(考慮到它在Z世代的同事中非常受歡迎，作為X世代的主管，我是否應(yīng)該跟上網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語(yǔ)，并在工作中做好準(zhǔn)備？)”和倒數(shù)第二段“Justfiveyearsagoseniorleaderswereplainingaboutheadphonesintheoffice,Dhawanpointsout.“Nowthey’renormal.”(Dhawan指出，就在五年前，高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)還在抱怨辦公室里戴著耳機(jī)?！艾F(xiàn)在他們正常了。”)”可知，本文主要講的是高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)對(duì)待網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語(yǔ)的態(tài)度，突出的是高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語(yǔ)的看法，因此最恰當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題是B選項(xiàng)“WhyInternetSlangIsaRiddleforBosses(為什么網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語(yǔ)對(duì)老板來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)謎)”。故選B。DYoulaughoutloudwhenafriendmissesasteponthestairs,butsoonyoufeelguiltyoflaughingatother’sclumsiness.Youmayaskyourself“Shouldn’tIfeelempathetic(共情的)forthepersoninvolved?”Don’tworry.Yourlaughterisnotprovokedbylackofempathy.Asaclinicalpsychologist,I’dliketoshedlightondifferentaspectsofsuchasituationwhichcanbringourusuallywellmeaninglaughter.Thefirstoftheseingredientsissurprise.Theunexpectedsituationsurprisesusandcreatesadeparturefromthepredictable,fromwhatweexpectedtosee.Thisincongruous(不一致的)situationhighlightsourerrorsofprediction.Laughingatthesituationisawayofresolvingtheincongruitybymakinganewandicinterpretationofwhatwewitnessed.Besides,wereactaccordingtohowweinterprettheperson’sfacialexpression.Astudyexploredthis.Participantswereaskedtoview210imagesrepresentingthreetypesoffaces:facesexpressingapuzzledlook,facesexpressingpainoranger,andpeoplewhosebodieswereplacedinawkwardpositions,withoutthefacebeingvisible.Attheendofthestudy,participantsratedtheimageswithpuzzledfacesasfunnierthanimagesinwhichthefacesexpressedpainoranger,andfunnierthanimagesinwhichbodieswereshowninridiculouspositionsbutnofacialexpressionwasseen.Sowhenweperceivepuzzlementinthefacialexpressionofthevictimofclumsiness,thisinformationcreatesacontextthatmakesuslaugh.Ontheotherhand,ifwecanreadsufferingorangerinthefacialexpression,wewillbetouchedbythepainofthevictimofthefallandbeempathetic,whichwillpreventusfromlaughing.Let’sforgiveourselvesforlaughingaticalsituationsinvolvingotherpeople’sclumsiness!Havinglearntthattheyarenotactuallyindangerandhavenotreallyhurtthemselves,wearen’tlaughingattheotherperson’ssuffering.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“provoked”inParagraph1mean?A.Determined. B.Confirmed. C.Caused. D.Prevented.13Whatmakesuslaughatotherpeople’sclumsiness?A.Unpredictability. B.Visibility. C.Dignity. D.Identity.14.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudy?A.Thefacesexpressingpainorangerwereoftenignored.B.Awkwardpositionsseemedfunnierthanpuzzledexpressions.C.Peoplelaughedatothers’sufferinginunfortunatesituations.D.Participantswereaskedtoindicatehowfunnytheimageswere.15.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoflaughingatpeople’sawkwardness?A.Praiseworthy. B.Unacceptable. C.Forgivable. D.Ridiculous.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。作者作為臨床心理學(xué)家，解釋了為什么人們會(huì)在別人笨拙的時(shí)候發(fā)笑，并通過(guò)研究和實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)支持其觀點(diǎn)?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前文“Youmayaskyourself“Shouldn’tIfeelempathetic(共情的)forthepersoninvolved?”Don’tworry.(你可能會(huì)問(wèn)自己：“我不應(yīng)該同情當(dāng)事人嗎?”別擔(dān)心)”可推知，后文應(yīng)是講述你的笑不是因?yàn)槿狈ν硇膶?dǎo)致的，所以provoked應(yīng)是“導(dǎo)致”之意，和C項(xiàng)意思相同。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thefirstoftheseingredientsissurprise.Theunexpectedsituationsurprisesusandcreatesadeparturefromthepredictable,fromwhatweexpectedtosee.Thisincongruous(不一致的)situationhighlightsourerrorsofprediction.Laughingatthesituationisawayofresolvingtheincongruitybymakinganewandicinterpretationofwhatwewitnessed.(第一個(gè)要素是驚喜。意想不到的情況使我們感到驚訝，使我們偏離了可預(yù)測(cè)的，偏離了我們所期望看到的。這種不協(xié)調(diào)的情況突出了我們預(yù)測(cè)的錯(cuò)誤。笑是一種解決不協(xié)調(diào)的方式，通過(guò)對(duì)我們所目睹的事情做出新的和喜劇的解釋)”可知，不可預(yù)測(cè)性讓我們嘲笑別人的笨拙。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Attheendofthestudy,participantsratedtheimageswithpuzzledfacesasfunnierthanimagesinwhichthefacesexpressedpainoranger,andfunnierthanimagesinwhichbodieswereshowninridiculouspositionsbutnofacialexpressionwasseen.(在研究結(jié)束時(shí)，參與者認(rèn)為困惑的臉比表達(dá)痛苦或憤怒的臉更有趣，也比身體擺出可笑姿勢(shì)但沒(méi)有面部表情的照片更有趣)”可推知，研究參與者被要求指出這些圖片有多有趣。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Don’tworry.Yourlaughterisnotprovokedbylackofempathy.Asaclinicalpsychologist,I’dliketoshedlightondifferentaspectsofsuchasituationwhichcanbringourusuallywellmeaninglaughter.(別擔(dān)心。你的笑不是因?yàn)槿狈ν硇?。作為一名臨床心理學(xué)家，我想闡明這種情況的不同方面，這種情況通常會(huì)給我們帶來(lái)善意的笑聲)”以及最后一段“Let’sforgiveourselvesforlaughingaticalsituationsinvolvingotherpeople’sclumsiness!Havinglearntthattheyarenotactuallyindangerandhavenotreallyhurtthemselves,wearen’tlaughingattheotherperson’ssuffering.(讓我們?cè)徸约涸趧e人笨拙的滑稽場(chǎng)面中大笑!了解到他們實(shí)際上并沒(méi)有處于危險(xiǎn)之中，也沒(méi)有真正傷害自己，我們就不會(huì)嘲笑別人的痛苦)”以及縱觀全文可知，作者詳細(xì)解釋了為什么人們會(huì)在別人笨拙的時(shí)候發(fā)笑，并說(shuō)明這種笑并不是惡意的，應(yīng)該原諒他們，所以作者對(duì)嘲笑人們的尷尬持寬容態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyouarelookingtoreplaceorupdateyoursmartphone,takeabeatandthinkitover.Youshouldconsiderthenewdevice’saffordability.____16____Theproductionprocessisresourceintensiveandgreenhousegasemittinganddoesgreatharmtoenvironmentandclimate.____17____Andwhentossedaway,electronicdevicesdoseveredamageagaintotheenvironment.Sowhatshouldwedo?____18____Ifyourphonestillworks,getasmuchlifeasyoucanoutofit.Thegreenestsmartphoneistheoneyoualreadyown.Getitfixed.Ifyourphonebreaks,getitfixeddirectlybythemanufacturerortakeittoalocaltechrepairshopauthorizedtofixyourphonebrand.____19____Applethisyearopeneditsselfservicerepairstore,providingmanualsandpartsforconsumersseekingdoityourselffixesfortheiriPhones.Donate.Therearelotsofgoodcausesacceptingphonedonationstoeitherrefurbish(翻新)orsellforcash,includingtheSalvationArmyandtheNationalCoalitionAgainstDomesticViolence.Recycleitproperly.Ifyourphoneispletelybrokenandcannotbedonated,youcanstillrecycleitproperly.____20____Itisnotdifficulttofigureouthowandwheretocorrectlyrecycleit.Forexample,astoreinMilanisaskingthelocalmunitytohelpthemcollect50kilogramsofbrokenphonestoberecycled.A.Resisttheurgetoupgrade.B.Extendthelifespanofmobilephones.C.Youjustneedtodoalittlebitofresearch.D.Also,theenvironmentalcostcan’tbeignored.E.Itcanoftenbefixedthrougheasyrepairswithlesscost.F.Therefore,weshouldreduceourrelianceonelectronicdevices.G.Itismadeevenworseifconsumersfrequentlyreplacetheirphones.【答案】16.D17.G18.A19.E20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是如何處理舊?！?6題詳解】空后“Theproductionprocessisresourceintensiveandgreenhousegasemittinganddoesgreatharmtoenvironmentandclimate.(生產(chǎn)過(guò)程是資源密集型和溫室氣體排放，對(duì)環(huán)境和氣候的危害很大。)”說(shuō)明生產(chǎn)的過(guò)程對(duì)環(huán)境是有害的，因此我們?cè)谙霌Q的時(shí)候也要考慮新對(duì)環(huán)境的影響，D選項(xiàng)“Also,theenvironmentalcostcan’tbeignored.(此外，環(huán)境成本也不容忽視)”說(shuō)明換新使也要考慮環(huán)境，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?7題詳解】空后“Andwhentossedaway,electronicdevicesdoseveredamageagaintotheenvironment.(當(dāng)電子設(shè)備被丟棄時(shí)，又會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重的破壞。)”說(shuō)明扔掉電子設(shè)備會(huì)破壞環(huán)境；由此推知，空處陳述另一種處理的方式的環(huán)境的影響。G選項(xiàng)“Itismadeevenworseifconsumersfrequentlyreplacetheirphones.(如果消費(fèi)者頻繁更換，情況會(huì)更糟。)”引出后文丟棄會(huì)破壞環(huán)境，符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?8題詳解】空格處是本段主題句，由空后的“Ifyourphonestillworks,getasmuchlifeasyoucanoutofit.Thegreenestsmartphoneistheoneyoualreadyown.(如果你的還能用，那就盡可能地利用它。最環(huán)保的智能就是你已經(jīng)擁有的。)”可知，本段主要講的是不要輕易就更換，A選項(xiàng)“Resisttheurgetoupgrade.(抵制升級(jí)的沖動(dòng)。)”概括了本段內(nèi)容，可作為本段主題句，故選A?！?9題詳解】空前“Ifyourphonebreaks,getitfixeddirectlybythemanufacturerortakeittoalocaltechrepairshopauthorizedtofixyourphonebrand.(如果你的壞了，直接讓制造商修理它，或者把它帶到當(dāng)?shù)厥跈?quán)的技術(shù)維修店修理你的品牌。)”說(shuō)明壞了可以拿去修，空后“Applethisyearopeneditsselfservicerepairstore,providingmanualsandpartsforconsumersseekingdoityourselffixesfortheiriPhones.(蘋果今年開(kāi)設(shè)了自助維修店，為希望自己動(dòng)手修理iphone的消費(fèi)者提供手冊(cè)和零部件。)”說(shuō)明修理并不難，空格處也應(yīng)該是關(guān)于修理的內(nèi)容，E選項(xiàng)“Itcanoftenbefixedthrougheasyrepairswithlesscost.(它通?？梢酝ㄟ^(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的修理來(lái)修復(fù)，成本更低。)”因此承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?0題詳解】空前“Ifyourphoneispletelybrokenandcannotbedonated,youcanstillrecycleitproperly.(如果你的完全壞了，不能捐贈(zèng)，你仍然可以適當(dāng)?shù)鼗厥账?”說(shuō)明了可以把拿去回收，空后“Itisnotdifficulttofigureouthowandwheretocorrectlyrecycleit.(找出如何以及在哪里正確地回收它并不困難。)”說(shuō)明要找到回收的地方并不難，空格處也應(yīng)該說(shuō)去找回收的地方的內(nèi)容，C選項(xiàng)“Youjustneedtodoalittlebitofresearch.(你只需要做一點(diǎn)調(diào)查。)”說(shuō)明了你需要一點(diǎn)調(diào)查，和空后說(shuō)找到哪里有回收的地方相一致，因此C選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。BestfriendsAnnaandBettywereatcamp.SuddenlyAnnaletoutascream,____21____byaspiderintheirroom.Justthen,campinstructorClareenteredthegirls’room.____22____,Annapointedtoadustyeroftheceiling,whispering,“Spider!”“Ibetitis____23____ofyou,too!”Clarejoked.____24____,boththegirlsweretoonervoustolaugh.AnnagraspedBetty’ssweatypalm,____25____hard,saying,“itissobig!”“Willitbiteus?”Bettyaskedhesitantly.Clareansweredconfidently,“No,itwon’t.It’sprobablyherebecauseoftheweather.Lookoutside!It’s____26____outtherewhileyourroomiswarmanddry.”Bettybreathedasighof____27____.ClarecontinuedtoexplainthatthespiderAnnasawwasamonharmlesshousespider.Suddenly,Annascreamedagain,“Thereitis!Iseeit!”She____28____upsofastthatshebumpedintothewallafewmetersbehindher.There,justbehindthedoor,wastheirunwanted____29____.Outof_____30_____,Bettyappearedwithabroominherhand,readytoattackthespider.Clare_____31_____herbackandtookthebroomaway,gentlyplacingthespiderinapot.She_____32_____thegirlstofollowher.“Sincetherainhasstopped,let’s_____33_____itintothegarden,”suggestedClare.ThegirlsnoddedinagreementastheyobservedClarein_____34_____.Theydevelopedanewfoundappreciationforthedelicatebalanceofnature,turningtheir_____35_____frightintoanadventureoflearningandrespect.21A.terrified B.amazed C.fascinated D.impressed22.A.Struggling B.Bending C.Trembling D.Smiling23.A.fond B.scared C.tired D.shy24.A.Unfortunately B.Particularly C.Similarly D.Generally25.A.thinking B.pushing C.beating D.breathing26.A.pouring B.brightening C.clearing D.clouding27.A.fear B.relief C.regret D.contentment28.A.lined B.jumped C.sped D.backed29.A.instructor B.reward C.visitor D.result30.A.something B.nowhere C.nobody D.everywhere31.A.led B.held C.paid D.sent32.A.persuaded B.bothered C.signaled D.informed33.A.return B.trap C.attract D.release34.A.admiration B.alarm C.disbelief D.haste35.A.typical B.temporary C.uncertain D.initial【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D26.A27.B28.D29.C30.B31.B32.C33.D34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了安娜和貝蒂在露營(yíng)時(shí)遭遇蜘蛛的驚險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷，以及營(yíng)地指導(dǎo)員克萊爾如何安撫她們并妥善處理蜘蛛的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，安娜被房間里的一只蜘蛛嚇壞了，發(fā)出了一聲尖叫。A.terrified使害怕；B.amazed使驚訝；C.fascinated使著迷；D.impressed使印象深刻。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)etoutascream”和下文“aspiderintheirroom”可推知，安娜被蜘蛛嚇壞了。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：安娜顫抖著指著天花板上一個(gè)滿是灰塵的角落，低聲說(shuō)：“蜘蛛！”。A.Struggling掙扎；B.Bending彎曲；C.Trembling發(fā)抖；D.Smiling微笑。根據(jù)上文可知安娜被房間里的一只蜘蛛嚇壞了，所以她在給克萊爾指蜘蛛時(shí)，因害怕而渾身發(fā)抖。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我敢打賭它也怕你！”克萊爾開(kāi)玩笑說(shuō)。A.fond喜歡的；B.scared害怕的；C.tired疲倦的；D.shy害羞的。根據(jù)上文“too!”和下文“Clarejoked”可知，克萊爾在跟兩個(gè)女孩開(kāi)玩笑，說(shuō)蜘蛛也跟她們有著一樣的感受：害怕。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：遺憾的是，兩個(gè)女孩都太緊張了，笑不出來(lái)。A.Unfortunately遺憾地；B.Particularly特別地；C.Similarly類似地；D.Generally一般來(lái)說(shuō)。根據(jù)下文“boththegirlsweretoonervoustolaugh.”可知，雖然克萊爾想通過(guò)打趣來(lái)緩解女孩們的緊張，但并沒(méi)有效果，所以很遺憾，克萊爾的努力失敗了。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：安娜抓住貝蒂汗涔涔的手掌，喘著粗氣說(shuō)：“好大??！”A.thinking思考；B.pushing推；C.beating跳動(dòng)；D.breathing呼吸。根據(jù)上文“AnnagraspedBetty’ssweatypalm”可知，安娜緊緊抓住貝蒂的手，說(shuō)明她感到害怕，喘著粗氣。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：外面下著傾盆大雨，而你們的房間又溫暖又干燥。A.pouring傾盆大雨；B.brightening變亮；C.clearing變晴；D.clouding變暗。根據(jù)上文“Lookoutside!”和下文“Sincetherainhasstopped,let’s13itintothegarden”可知，外面在下雨。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：貝蒂松了一口氣。A.fear恐懼；B.relief寬慰，輕松；C.regret后悔；D.contentment滿足。根據(jù)上文“No,itwon’t.It’sprobablyherebecauseoftheweather.Lookoutside!It’s6outtherewhileyourroomiswarmanddry.”可推知，聽(tīng)了克萊爾的解釋，知道蜘蛛是來(lái)躲雨的，貝蒂感到稍稍放心了一些，松了一口氣。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她后退得太快，撞到了身后幾米遠(yuǎn)的墻上。A.lined排成一行；B.jumped跳躍；C.sped加速；D.backed后退。根據(jù)下文“shebumpedintothewallafewmetersbehindher.”可知，安娜撞到背后的墻上，所以她是往后退。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在門后面，是她們的不速之客。A.instructor教練；B.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；C.visitor訪客；D.result結(jié)果。根據(jù)上文“Suddenly,Annascreamedagain,“Thereitis!Iseeit!””和“justbehindthedoor”可知，安娜在門后面發(fā)現(xiàn)了蜘蛛，這是她們不想看到的“客人”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：不知從哪里冒出來(lái)，貝蒂手里拿著一把掃帚，準(zhǔn)備攻擊蜘蛛。A.something某物；B.nowhere無(wú)處；C.nobody無(wú)人；D.everywhere到處。根據(jù)下文“Bettyappearedwithabroominherhand”可知，貝蒂拿著掃帚出現(xiàn)，不知是從哪里來(lái)的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：克萊爾把她拉回來(lái)，把掃帚拿走，輕輕地把蜘蛛放在一個(gè)罐子里。A.led引導(dǎo)；B.held握??；C.paid支付；D.sent發(fā)送。根據(jù)下文“back”和“tookthebroomaway”可知，克萊爾把貝蒂拉了回來(lái)并拿開(kāi)了她的掃帚；holdsb.back“阻止某人做某事”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她示意姑娘們跟她走。A.persuaded說(shuō)服；B.bothered打擾；C.signaled示意；D.informed通知。根據(jù)下文“tofollowher”可知，克萊爾示意兩個(gè)女孩跟著她。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“既然雨停了，我們就到花園里去把它放了吧，”克萊爾建議道。A.return返回；B.trap困??；C.attract吸引；D.release釋放。根據(jù)下文“intothegarden”可知，克萊爾要把蜘蛛放了。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：姑娘們欽佩地看著克萊爾，點(diǎn)頭表示同意。A.admiration欽佩；B.alarm警報(bào)；C.disbelief不相信；D.haste匆忙。根據(jù)上文“Clare11