Unit 4 History and Traditions 單元檢測(cè)-2022-2023學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）必修第二冊(cè)

人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修二Unit4HistoryandTraditions第I卷（選擇題）一、完形填空（共15分）

Inayearofsadness,onefastfoodmanagerisdoingwhatshecantospreadamessageoflove.

AprilDiDonnatoldacustomershe

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himafterheorderedatthe

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wheresheworksinWashington.Threemonthslater,shehastoldthousandsofpeople"Iloveyou".

"It'sfillingmyheartwithsomuchmorelove.Iknowthatthelittlethree

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couldmeansomuchtosomanypeople,"DiDonnatoldareporter."I

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thatifwejustloveeachother,theworldwillbebetter."

The"love"

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keptgoingandDiDonnastarted

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howmanypeoplehavesaid"Iloveyou"back.About2,700customershave

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tothemessagesinceOctober3.

"Sometimespeopleare

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,"DiDonnasaid."ThenIjustexplainit.Ifpeoplecanhateforno

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,whycan'tIlove?"

Onetimeanelderlywomanwas,

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byher,andshesimplythankedDiDonnabeforesheleftthestore,"Thankyouforfellingmethatyouloveme."ThecustomertoldDiDonnathatherhusbandhad

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."Idon'thaveanyonetotellmethattheylovemeanymore,"thewomansaid,

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.

DiDonnathenhuggedthewoman

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,"WhenIgavethiswomanahug,shejuststayedinmyarmswithtearsinhereyes,"DiDonnasaid.

Never

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doinglittlethingsforothers.Sometimesthosethingsoccupy(占據(jù))a(n)

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partoftheirhearts.1.A.neededB.lovedC.welcomedD.supported2.A.factory B.hotel C.company D.store3.A.words B.letters C.symbols D.tips4.A.worry B.believe C.explain D.announce5.A.action B.schedule C.puzzle D.method6.A.forgetting B.counting C.imagining D.considering7.A.returned B.attended C.replied D.applied8.A.thankful B.nervous C.generous D.curious9.A.opinion B.reason C.answer D.choice10.A.moved B.reminded C.recognized D.greeted11.A.turnedup B.givenin C.takenover D.passedaway12.A.crying B.shouting C.waving D.jumping13.A.officially B.gracefully C.tightly D.eagerly14.A.dependon B.adaptto

C.gettiredof D.becrazyabout15.A.fascinating B.striking C.extra D.big二、閱讀理解（共30分）A

ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendar(農(nóng)歷)dividestheyearinto24solarterms(節(jié)氣).StartofWinter,the19thsolartermoftheyear,beginsthisyearonNov7andendsonNov21.

StartofWinteristhefirstsolartermofwinter,whichmeanswinteriscomingandcropsharvestedinautumnshouldhestoredup.

Inancienttimes,theStartofWinterwasregardedasthebeginningofwinter,however,duetogeographicalfactors,theactualwintertimevariesfromplacetoplace.

Infact,theStartofWinterisnotthebeginningofwinterintermsofmeteorology(氣象學(xué)).Theweathereveryyearisdifferent,sothebeginningofwintercouldbequitedifferent.AndasChinaisverylarge,itstartsatdifferenttimesindifferentareas.

Thebeginningsofthefourseasonswereimportantfestivalsinancienttimes.BeforetheStartofWinter,theancientemperorwouldtakeashowerandhavenomoremeat.Onthatday,theemperorwouldleadhisofficialstothecountrysideand"welcomethewinter".

Peopleeatdumplingsonthebeginningofwinter.LegendhasitthatinthelateEasternHanDynasty,ZhangZhongjinginvented"JiaoEar"(嬌耳)totreattyphoid(傷寒)patientswithearfrostbite(凍瘡).Hecookedmutton,hotpeppersandherbstodriveoutthecoldandwarmupthebody.Heputthesematerialsintoadoughskinandmadethemintoanearshape.Sincethen,peoplehavelearnedtomakethefoodwhichbecameknownas"dumpling"orjiaozi.Todaythereisstillasayingthatgoes"EatdumplingsonStartofWinterDay,oryourearswillbefrostbitten."16.WhichofthefollowingisrightaboutStartofWinter?A.ItisoneofthesolartermsinChinesecalendar.

B.Peoplebegintoharvestcropsonthisday.

C.WinterbeginsonNovember7thisyear.

D.Itbeginsindifferentmonthsindifferentplaces.17.Whatdoesitinparagraph4referto?A.thestartofwinter B.thechangeofweather

C.theimportantfestival D.thebeginningofwinter18.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsmainlytalkabout?A.ImportanceofStartofWinter.

B.CustomsofStartofWinter.

C.Origin(起源)ofStartofWinter.

D.FoodeatenonStartofWinter.19.WhydopeopleeatdumplingsonStartofWinterday?A.Becausedumplingscandriveawaytyphoid.

B.Becausetheywishforgoodluckforthemselves.

C.Becauseeatingdumplingscanwarmuptheirears.

D.Becausetheywanttopreventthecomingofwinter.B

Anewstudysuggeststhatlongperiodsinspacecancausethehumanhearttoshrink(縮小).Thestudy—byateamofAmericanresearchers—comesastheU.S.makesplanstobuildalong-termbaseonthemoonandpreparestosendastronautstoMars.

PartofthestudywasbasedontheexperiencesoftheretiredastronautScottKelly.TheU.S.spaceagencyNASAsaysthatduringhiscareer,KellyspentmoretimeinspacethananyotherAmericanastronaut.OneofKelly'sstaysaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)lasted340days.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofTexasSouthwesternMedicalCenter(UTSouthwestern)inDallascollectedandanalyzedthephysicaldataduringKelly'slongstayaboardtheISS.Thegoalwastolearntheeffectsofweightlessnessonhearthealthandperformance.TheteamfoundthatduringKelly'sstayinspace,theleftventricle(心室)ofhisheartshrankabout0.74gramsperweek.

Dr.BenjaminLevineisaprofessoratUTSouthwestern.Hewastheleaderoftheresearch.Inastatement,heexplainedthatbecauseoftheconditionsinspace,theheartdoesnothavetoworkashardtopump(輸送)blooduphillfromthefeet.Overtime,thiscancauseshrinkage.Inanefforttokeeptheirheartsandbodieshealthyinspace,astronautsarerequiredtoperformdifferentkindsofexercisesthroughouttheirstay.

Reductionsinheartsizearealsoseeninpatientswhospendlongperiodsinbedbecausetheyarelyingflatandtheheartdoesnothavetoworkashardtopump.Asecondpartofthestudyexamineddatafromalong-distanceswimmerwhospentnearlyayeartryingtocrossthePacificOcean.Theswimmer,BenoitLecomte,waschosenbecauseheswammorethan2,800kilometersover159days.Levinesayslong-distanceswimminghassimilareffectsonweightlessness.ThestudyshowedthatduringLecomte'sswim,hisleftheartventricleshrankabout0.72gramsperweek.20.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?A.Byinterviewingastronauts.

B.Byexaminingcollectedinformation.

C.ByexperimentingaboardtheISS.

D.Bycomparingpeopleindifferentfields.21.Whatareastronautsaskedtodotokeeptheirheartsfitinspace?A.Dovariousexercises.B.Getregularbloodtests.

C.Stayinspaceforlesstime.D.Standontheirheadssometimes.22.Whoisleastlikelytosufferfromashrunkheartaccordingtothetext?A.Apatientspendingalongtimeinbed.

B.Anastronauttravelinginspaceforlong.

C.Along-distanceprofessionalswimmer.

D.Awell-trainedmarathonrunner.23.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.NewWaystoFightHeartDiseases

B.TheU.S.BuildsaMedicalCenterinSpace

C.LongSpaceFlightsCanShrinktheHeart

D.Long-distanceSwimmingKeepsYourHeartFitC

Chinaisrecognizedasaworldleaderinthedevelopmentofartificialintelligenceandfacialrecognitionsystems.AChinesecompanysaysithascreatedanewfacialrecognitionsystemthatcanidentifypeopleeveniftheyarewearingmasks(口罩).EngineersattheBeijing-basedcompanysaytheirsystemisthefirsttobecreatedtoeffectivelyidentifypeoplewearingfacemasks.

Thecompanytoldanewsagencythatateamof20peoplebuiltthesysteminaboutamonth.Thosystemisbasedonexistingtechnologiesdevelopedoverthepast10years.Theprocessinvolvedaddingacollectionofabout6millionunmaskedfacesandamuchsmallercollectionofmaskedfaces,thecompanysaid.

Thecompanyisnowsellingtwomainkindsofproductsthatusethenewtechnology.Oneperforms"singlechannel"recognition,whichisdesignedtobeusedattheentrancestobuildings.Theotherproductisa"multi-channel"recognitionsystemthatusesgroupsofsurveillance(監(jiān)視)cameras.Itcanidentifyindividualsinacrowdofupto30peoplewithinasecond.

"Whenpeoplearewearingamaskthatcoversthemouthandthenose,therecognitionratecanreachabout95%,whichcanensurethatmostpeoplecanbeidentified,"saidHuang,vicepresidentofthecompany.Headdedthatthesystem'ssuccessrateforpeoplenotwearingamaskisabout99.5%.

However,thenewsystemstrugglestoidentifypeoplewearingbothamaskandsunglasses."Inthissituation,allofthekeyfacialinformationislost.Insuchcasesrecognitionisgraunchy,"Huangsaid.

Peoplerespond(響應(yīng))differentlytothenewtechnology.Whilesomecitizenshavebeenagainstusingsuchtools,themajorityhaveacceptedthetechnologyasaneffectivewaytoreducecrimeandcatchcriminals.24.Whatdidthecompanydotobuildthesystem?A.Itusedthelatesttechnology.

B.Itgatheredmanyfaceimages.

C.Itemployedhundredsofpeople.

D.Itaddedacollectionofmasks.25.Whatcanweknowaboutthenewsystem?A.Itssuccessrateisaffectedbycameras.

B.Itsperformancevarieswiththelocation.

C.Itdoesbetterinidentifyingunmaskedfaces.

D.Itcanrecognizegroupsofpeopleinseconds.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"graunchy"mean?A.Tough. B.Specific. C.Normal. D.Different.27.Whatismostpeople'sattitudetowardsthenewsystem?A.Supportive. B.Objective. C.Uncaring. D.Doubtful.DBestroyal(王室的)palacesinEuropeyoucanvisit

TherearesomeroyalpalacesinEuropethatoftenopentheirdoorstothepublic.

DrottningholmPalace,Sweden

ThisbreathtakingpalaceinDrottningholmisnotonlyaresidenceoftheSwedishroyalfamily,butit'salsoaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitethankstoitsimpressivelypreservedcastleandtheatre.Thepalaceandparkareopentothepublicyear-round.

RoyalPalace,Oslo,Norway

TheofficialroyalresidencefortheNorwegianovalshasneoclassicalarchitectureandlandscapedgardenswithpondsandeye-catchingstatues.Duringthesummermonthsthepalaceopenstothepubliconguidedtours,whichincludebeautifulstateroomsincludingtheBirdRoom,MirrorHall,SmallCeremonialHallandBanquetingHall.

RoyalPalaceofMadrid,Spain

WhiletheRoyalPalaceofMadridisofficiallytheroyalresidence,nowadaystheSpanishroyalschoosetoliveintheZarzuelaPalaceinstead,withtheMadridPalaceusedmainlyforslateceremonies.Thereareover3,000roomsinthisbreathtakingpalacemakingitoneofthelargestintheworld.Highlightsincludetheroyalkitchensandthepaintinggallery,whiletheChangingoftheguardneverfailstobeahitwithtourists.

PalaceofVersailles,France

Ifyouwanttovisitapalacethat'sluxurious(豪華的),thenthePalaceofVersaillesneedstobeonyourlist.Francehasn'thadaroyalfamilysincetheFrenchRevolutionin1789,butthispalaceoffersaglimpse(短暫的感受)intohowtheformerroyalslived,aswellasservingasamuseumwhichpreservessomeofthefinestworksbythemostgiftedpainters,sculptorsandcraftsmenofthetime.28.WhenisRoyalPalace,Oslolikelytoopentothepublic?A.Inmach.B.InJuly.C.InOctober.D.InDecember.29.Whereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoseestateceremonies?A.DrottningholmPalace. B.RoyalPalace,Oslo.

C.RoyalPalaceofMadrid. D.PalaceofVersailles.30.WhatcanvisionsdoatPalaceofVersailles?A.Comeacrossroyalmembers.

B.Enjoysomeexcellentartworks.

C.Communicatewithgiftedpainters.

D.LearnthehistoryofFrenchRevolution.第II卷（非選擇題）三、語(yǔ)法填空（共30分）ATheancienttownofFenghuangisaplacewithidyllic(平和美麗的)villagelifeinruralChina.Havingtravelleddirectlyfromthebusycity,IregardFenghuangasabetter

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(choose)tohaveabreathofthefreshair.

WhenIpaid

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visittoFenghuang,itwasJuly.MyfriendandI

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(excited)explored,walkingalongtheancientwallandcrossingthebeautiful,oldbridges.Peopletherewerevery

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(relax).Theywereneithertroubledbythehotweathernorbythetourists,walking,eatingandplayingoutdoors.

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thefirsteveningweboughtspicy,coldnoodlesandateontheriverbankaswewatchedthesunset.

Westayedinasmallhotel

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wassimilartomanyofthetraditional

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(building)inthevillage.Ourroomwasbuiltonhighstilts(樁子)overthebanksoftheriver.Fromourwindowwecouldheartherushofthewaterandthesoundsofexcitedtourists

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(travel)insmallboatsdownstream.Wesawpeopleatworkbusycatchingfishandyoungchildrenplayinginshallowwaters.

Althoughthere

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(be)manyvisitorstoFenghuang,wedidnotseeanyotherforeignerduringourstay.Afterseveraldays,Iwasstillunwilling

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(leave).BAnancientculturedatingbackmorethan5,000yearsprovedChina'searlyexchangeswithothersocieties,expertssay.

ExpertsbelievetheMajiayaoculturehadaclose

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(connect)withothervariouscultures.Theyputitforwardatarecentmeeting

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washeldinGansuProvince.Withmorethan5,000yearsofhistory,itplaysanimportantroleinthedevelopmentoftheChinesecivilization(文明).ThisculturespreadtoCentralAsiathrough

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isnowChina'sXinjiangProvince,

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(bring)ricefromChinatothewest.

SwedishexpertJohanfirst

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(investigate)culturalsitesin1924.Inthe1940s,XiaNainamedthesitesaftertheMajiayao,withpaintedpottery(彩陶)as

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(it)mostspecialfeature.SomeexpertspointoutthattheMajiayaoculture

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(obvious)sharessimilaritieswiththeculturesofsomepartsoftheBlackSea.Peoplefromtheseculturesusedpottery

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(make)humanheadsculptures.

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addition,someCentralAsianfeaturesalsoappearedonthepaintedpotteryoftheMajiayao.

Actions

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(take)toprotecttheMajiayaoculturebybuildingmuseums,organizingmeetingsanddoingmoreresearchsofar.四、書(shū)面表達(dá)（共25分）假定你是李華，得知你的美國(guó)筆友Tom上周來(lái)到中國(guó)。他對(duì)孔子很感興趣，所以你決定邀請(qǐng)他到曲阜游玩并一起去逛“三孔”（即孔府、孔廟和孔林）。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列要點(diǎn)給他寫一封電子郵件。內(nèi)容包括：

1.表示歡迎；2.行程安排。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；

3.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

DearTom,

I'mmorethangladtolearnthatyoucametoChinalastweek.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lookforwardtoseeingyou!

Yours,LiHua

答案1-15.B、D、A、B、A、B、C、D、B、A、D、A、C、C、D1.

AprilDiDonna在華盛頓的一家商店里工作，當(dāng)一位顧客在店里下單時(shí)，她對(duì)他說(shuō)她愛(ài)他。A.needed需要；B.loved愛(ài)；C.welcomed歡迎；D.supported支持。根據(jù)上文...doingwhatshecantospreadamessageoflove.以及下文shehastoldthousandsofpeople"Iloveyou".可知，此處表示愛(ài)。故選B。

2.

A.factory工廠；B.hotel旅店；C.company公司；D.store商店。根據(jù)下文andshesimplythankedDiDonnabeforesheleftthestore可知，此處表示商店。故選D。

3.“它讓我的心充滿了更多的愛(ài)。我知道這三個(gè)字對(duì)很多人來(lái)說(shuō)意義重大，”DiDonna告訴記者。A.words字；B.letters信

；C.symbols符號(hào)；D.tips技巧。根據(jù)AprilDiDonna正在盡她所能傳播愛(ài)的信息，對(duì)人們說(shuō)“我愛(ài)你”。此處指“我愛(ài)你”這三個(gè)字。故選A。

4.

“我相信，如果我們彼此相愛(ài)，世界會(huì)更美好。”A.worry擔(dān)心；B.believe相信；C.explain解釋；D.announce宣布。根據(jù)下文中的ifwejustloveeachother,theworldwillbebetter可知，只要我們彼此相愛(ài)，世界就會(huì)更美好，這是AprilDiDonna相信的東西。

5.

“愛(ài)”的行動(dòng)還在繼續(xù)，

AprilDiDonna開(kāi)始數(shù)有多少人對(duì)她說(shuō)了“我愛(ài)你”。A.action行動(dòng)；B.schedule計(jì)劃；C.puzzle難題；D.method方法。根據(jù)上文中的Inayearofsadness,onefastfoodmanagerisdoingwhatshecantospreadamessageoflove.和下文中的Iloveyou可知，AprilDiDonna正在盡她所能傳播愛(ài)的信息，對(duì)人們說(shuō)”我愛(ài)你“，這是“愛(ài)”的行動(dòng)。故選A。

6.

A.forgetting忘記；B.counting計(jì)算，計(jì)數(shù)；C.imagining想象；D.considering考慮。根據(jù)下文中的howmanypeoplehavesaid"Iloveyou"back.和About2,700customers可知，此處指AprilDiDonna開(kāi)始計(jì)算有多少人回復(fù)“我愛(ài)你”。故選B。

7.

自10月3日以來(lái)，約有2700名客戶回復(fù)了這條消息。A.returned返回；B.attended出席；C.replied回復(fù)；D.applied申請(qǐng)。根據(jù)上文中的DiDonnastarted

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howmanypeoplehavesaid"Iloveyou"back.可知，AprilDiDonna開(kāi)始計(jì)算有多少人回復(fù)“我愛(ài)你”，計(jì)算出自十月三日以來(lái)已有2700名顧客回復(fù)了這條信息。故選C。

8.

“有時(shí)人們會(huì)感到好奇”，DiDonna說(shuō)。A.thankful感謝的；B.nervous緊張的；C.generous慷慨的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)下文"ThenIjustexplainit.Ifpeoplecanhateforno

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,whycan'tIlove?"可知，人們會(huì)很好奇為什么DiDonna要這么說(shuō)。

9.

如果人們可以無(wú)緣無(wú)故地恨，我為什么不能愛(ài)呢？A.opinion意見(jiàn)；B.reason原因；C.answer答案；D.choice選擇。根據(jù)句中的why可知，此處表示原因。故選B。

10.

有一次，一位老太太被她感動(dòng)了，她在離開(kāi)商店前感謝了DiDonna，“謝謝你告訴我你愛(ài)我?！盇.moved感動(dòng)；B.reminded提醒；C.recognized認(rèn)出；D.greeted問(wèn)候。根據(jù)下文shesimplythankedDiDonna可知，老太太被DiDonna感動(dòng)了，所以感謝她。故選A。

11.

那位顧客告訴DiDonna她的丈夫已經(jīng)去世了。A.turnedup出現(xiàn)；B.givenin屈服；C.takenover接管；D.passedaway去世。根據(jù)下文老太太說(shuō)的話Idon'thaveanyonetotellmethattheylovemeanymore,可知，丈夫去世后，沒(méi)有人再說(shuō)愛(ài)她。故選D。

12.

“沒(méi)有人告訴我他們愛(ài)我，”老太太哭著說(shuō)。A.crying哭；B.shouting大喊大叫；C.waving揮手；D.jumping跳。根據(jù)下文shejuststayedinmyarmswithtearsinhereyes,可知，老太太哭了。故選A。

13.

DiDonna緊緊地抱住了那個(gè)老太太。A.officially正式地；B.gracefully優(yōu)雅地；C.tightly緊緊地；D.eagerly熱切地。聽(tīng)到老太太的話，AprilDiDonna緊緊地?fù)肀?/p>

14.

永遠(yuǎn)不要厭倦為別人做小事。A.dependon依靠；B.adaptto適應(yīng)；C.gettiredof對(duì)……感到厭倦；D.becrazyabout著迷于。根據(jù)下文Sometimesthosethingsoccupy(占據(jù))a(n)

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partoftheirhearts.可知，作者勸誡我們不要厭倦為別人做些小事。故選C。

15.

有時(shí)這些事情占據(jù)了他們心中很大的一部分。A.fascinating迷人的；B.striking引人注目的；C.extra額外的；D.big重大的。分析句意可知，有時(shí)這些事情占據(jù)了他們心中很大的（big）一部分，D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。16-19.C、D、B、B16.

根據(jù)文章第一段第二句StartofWinter,the19thsolartermoftheyear,beginsthisyearonNov7andendsonNov21.（立冬是一年中的第19個(gè)節(jié)氣，今年立冬節(jié)開(kāi)始于11月7號(hào)，結(jié)束于11月21號(hào)）可知，立冬是二十四節(jié)氣之一，今年冬季開(kāi)始于11月7號(hào)，故選C。

17.

根據(jù)上一句話Theweathereveryyearisdifferent,sothebeginningofwintercouldbequitedifferent.（每年的天氣都不一樣，所以冬天的開(kāi)始可能很不一樣。）可知，it代指上一句中的thebeginningofwinter。故選D。

18.

根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的BeforetheStartofWinter,theancientemperorwould..."welcomethewinter".（在立冬之前，古代的皇帝會(huì)洗個(gè)澡，不再吃肉。在那一天，皇帝會(huì)帶領(lǐng)他的官員到農(nóng)村“迎接冬天”），以及最后一段中的He

cookedmutton,hotpeppers

andherbstodriveoutthecoldandwarmupthebody.（他會(huì)燉羊肉，辣椒和草藥來(lái)驅(qū)趕寒冷，溫暖身體），可知，文章后兩段主要講在古代，立冬節(jié)氣人們的一些習(xí)俗。故選B。

19.

根據(jù)文章最后一段最后一句Todaythereisstillasayingthatgoes"EatdumplingsonStartofWinterDay,oryourearswillbefrostbitten."（今天仍然有諺語(yǔ)，“立冬時(shí)節(jié)吃餃子，否則耳朵凍下來(lái)”）可知，現(xiàn)在的生活條件提高了，人們吃餃子不再只是為了驅(qū)寒，而是是帶著一種對(duì)自己的美好愿望。故選B。20-23.B、A、D、C20.根據(jù)第二段中的ResearchersfromtheUniversityofTexasSouthwesternMedicalCenter(UTSouthwestern)inDallascollectedandanalyzedthephysicaldataduringKelly'slongstayaboardtheISS（達(dá)拉斯德克薩斯大學(xué)西南醫(yī)學(xué)中心（UTSouthwestern）的研究人員收集并分析了凱利在國(guó)際空間站長(zhǎng)期停留期間的物理數(shù)據(jù)）可知，研究人員通過(guò)分析收集的信息來(lái)進(jìn)行研究。故選B。

21.

根據(jù)第三段中的Inanefforttokeeptheirheartsandbodieshealthyinspace,astronautsarerequiredtoperformdifferentkindsofexercisesthroughouttheirstay（為了在太空中保持他們的心臟和身體健康，宇航員在逗留期間需要進(jìn)行各種各樣的鍛煉）可知，宇航員需要做各種各樣的鍛煉來(lái)使他們的心臟適應(yīng)太空。故選A。

22.

根據(jù)第二段最后一句TheteamfoundthatduringKelly'sstayinspace,theleftventricle(心室)ofhisheartshrankabout0.74gramsperweek.（研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，在凱利停留在太空期間，他的左心室每周收縮約0.74克。）和第四段第一句Reductionsinheartsizearealsoseeninpatientswhospendlongperiodsinbedbecausetheyarelyingflatandtheheartdoesnothavetoworkashardtopump（長(zhǎng)時(shí)間躺在床上的病人也會(huì)出現(xiàn)心臟尺寸的縮小，因?yàn)樗麄兤教芍?，心臟不需要那么辛苦地工作來(lái)泵血）以及第四段最后一句ThestudyshowedthatduringLecomte'sswim,hisleftheartventricleshrankabout0.72gramsperweek（研究表明，在萊科姆特游泳期間，他的左心室每周收縮約0.72克）可知，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間臥床的病人、長(zhǎng)距離職業(yè)游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員和長(zhǎng)時(shí)間在太空旅行的宇航員的心臟都會(huì)收縮。故選D。

23.

根據(jù)文章第一段第一句Anewstudysuggeststhatlongperiodsinspacecancausethehumanhearttoshrink(縮?。ㄒ豁?xiàng)新的研究表明，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間在太空中會(huì)導(dǎo)致人類心臟收縮）以及結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章主要講長(zhǎng)期在太空會(huì)使人類心臟縮小。24-27.B、C、A、A24.根據(jù)第二段中的Theprocessinvolvedaddingacollectionofabout6millionunmaskedfacesandamuchsmallercollectionofmaskedfaces（這一過(guò)程包括添加大約600萬(wàn)張未蒙面的臉和更小的蒙面臉）可知，公司在建立這個(gè)系統(tǒng)的