湖北省黃岡市2023-2024學(xué)年高三年級(jí)上冊(cè)9月調(diào)研考試英語(yǔ)（解析版）

黃岡市2023年高三年級(jí)9月調(diào)研考試

英語(yǔ)試題

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校、班級(jí)、姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卷指定位置，認(rèn)真核

對(duì)與準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼上的信息是否一致，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卷上的指定位置。

2.選擇題的作答：選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把機(jī)讀卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，

用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。答在試題卷上無效。

3.非選擇題的作答：用黑色墨水的簽字筆直接答在答題卷上的每題所對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。答

在試題卷上或答題卷指定區(qū)域外無效。

4.考試結(jié)束，監(jiān)考人員將答題卷收回，考生自己保管好試題卷，評(píng)講時(shí)帶來。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀

一遍。

1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

WhatwillMichaeldoforholiday?

A.ClimbMountTai.B.Gototheseaside.C.Gosomewherenear.

【答案】B

【解析】

［原文】W:Michael,haveyoudecidedwhatyouaredoingforholiday?

M:Itdepends.TdliketoclimbMountTai,butmyparentspreferspendingitattheseaside.

W:Sinceweonlyhaveathree-dayholiday,Isuggestgoingsomewherenear.

M:Well,Tilfollowmyparents5advice.

2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

HowmuchdoesthewomanhavetoborrowfromJack?

A.$15.00.B.$5.00.C.$50.00.

【答案】B

【解析】

［原文】W:Jack,thisdictionarycosts20dollars,butI'veonlygot15dollars.

M:I'vegot50dollars,soIcanhelpyou,andlendyoutherest.

W:Thanks,Jack.

3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Whereisthewoman'shusbandnow?

A.InShanghai.B.InChengdu.C.InNanjing.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:HasyourhusbandreturnedfromChengduyet?

W:Yes,hecamebackjusttwodaysago.Buthe'sleavingShanghaiforNanjingnextweek.

4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

HowdidHelenreadthebook?

A.Hereaditbackwards.B.Hereadpartsofit.C.Hefinisheditwithoutstopping.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Helen,haveyoufinishedreadingthebookMrSmithrecommended?

M:Oh,Jane,Ididn'treadstraightthroughthewayyoureadanovel.Ijustcoveredafewchapterswhich

interestedmemost.

5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Thewoman'sstayhere.

B.Thewoman'sexperiencehere.

C.Thewoman'sfriendshere.

【答案】C

【解析】

［原文］M:Lucy,whoisthewomanoverthere?IsthatMary?

W:Yes.She'sbeenaclosefriendofmineforyears.

M:Oh,Ididn'tknowthat.Youmusthavemadealotoffriendssinceyousettledherein2010.

W:Oh,yeah,they'reveryfine.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題L5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,

各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

6.WhatwasTomdoingduringtheearthquake?

A.Crying.B.Escaping.C.Sleeping.

7.HowwasTomwhentheearthquaketookplace?

A.Hewasill.B.Hewashelpless.C.Hewasfrightened.

【答案】6.C7.A

【解析】

【原文】W:HaveyouheardthattherewasanearthquakeinShandong?HowaboutyoursonTom?

M:Hestayedinbedatthattime.

W:Whatdoyoumean?Didn'thetrytogetoutside?

M:No,hehadgotterribleflu.Ithinkhemusthavebeenflatthroughtheearthquake.Hesaiditwasnoisy,thenhe

wokeupat4:30inthemorning,stillfeelingterriblewiththeflu,headspinning,noserunning.

聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

8.Whatstyleofswimmingdoesthemanlikebest?

A.Thefreestylestroke.B.Thebreaststroke.C.Thebackstroke.

9.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

ARelatives.B.Colleagues.C.Classmates.

【答案】8.C9.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Doyouoftenswim?

M:Yes,aslongasIcanfindthetime,Ilikeswimmingbest.

W:Whatstyleofswimmingdoyoulikebest?

M:Ilikethebackbest.Iamgoodatfreestylestroke,butIusuallyusebreaststrokeasitkeepsmefromgetting

tired.Canyouswim?Howaboutgoingforaswimafterwork?

W:Oh,no.Iamaquiteastoneinthewater.Besides,Ihavetofinishdraftingthecontractourmanagerhave

assigned.

聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

10.Wheredidthemanarrive?

A.NewYork.B.London.C.Beijing.

11.Whendidthemanarrive?

A.At12:00p.m.B.At11:00p.m.C.At11:30p.m.

12.Whatisnotinsidetheman'sbag?

A.Hiswallet.B.Hispassport.C.Hismembershipcards.

13.Whatwillthewomandonext?

A.Callthemanbackwithinanhour.

B.Cancelthecardwiththecreditcompany.

CAskotherstofindthebag.

【答案】10.B1LC12.B13.A

【解析】

【原文】W:HowmayIhelpyou,sir?

M:IleftmybagonFlightMA754lastnight.

W:Sowhathappenedlastnight?

M:Well,IwasontheflightfromNewYorktoLondonthatlandedat11:30p.m.Weweredelayedhalfanhourin

NewYorksothatwhenweeventuallylanded,Iwassotired.ButIaccidentallyleftmydarkbluebagontheplane.

W:Okay,canyoutellmewhatisinsidethat?

M:Quiteafewthingsactually,notmypassportofcourse,soIwouldneverhavegotoutoftheairport.Mywallet

isinside.There5salsomycreditcardandsomemembershipcards.LuckilyIputmyIDcardinmypocketssoit

wasn'tlost.

W:Haveyouinformedthepoliceaboutthelossofthecreditcard?

M:Yes,andIalsocancelledthecardwiththecreditcompany.

W:Right,nowwhatI'lldoisconsultfromthelostandfoundofficeifitisfound.Tilcallyoubackwithinanhour

andtellyouwhatthesituationis.

M:Ok,thankyou.

聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

14.Whatisthewomandoing?

A.Hostingaprogram.

B.Havingherbicyclerepaired.

C.Conductingamarketsurvey.

15.WhatdidMr.Smithdobeforeopeningthebicycleshop?

A.Herepairedbicycles.B.Heservedasaconsultant.C.Heworkedasasalesman.

16.Whydidthemanopenabicycleshop?

A.Hewantedtobehisownboss.

B.Hefounditmoreprofitable.

C.Hedidn'twanttobeintoomuchdebt.

17.Whatdowelearnaboutthepeopleworkingintheshop?

A.Theyworkfivedaysaweek.

B.Theyarealltheman'sfriends.

C.Theyarepaidbythehour.

【答案】14.A15.C16.A17.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Goodmorning,andwelcometotoday'sBusinessTV.TodaywehaveMr.JohnSmith,whohasjust

establishedabicycleshop.Tellus,Mr.Smith,whatmadeyouwanttorunyourownstore?

M:Well,Ialwayslovedracingbikesandfixingthem.WhenIwasworkingfull-timeasasalesmanforabig

company,Iseldomhadtimetoenjoymyhobby.IknewthenthatassoonasIhadenoughmoneytogetmyown

businessgoing,rildoit.IhadmyheartsetonitandIdidn'tletanythingstandinmyway.WhenIwentdownto

thebankandgotabusinessloan,IknewI'dlovebeingmyownboss.Nowmytimeismyown.Iopenthestore

whenIwantandleavewhenIwant.

W:Youmeanyoudon'tkeepregularhours?

M:Well,thesignonmystoresaysthehoursaretentosix,butifbusinessisslowerthanusual,Icanjustlockup

andtakeoffearly.

W:Haveyouhiredanyemployeestoworkwithyouyet?

M:Yeah,someofmyfriendswholovebikingasmuchasIdo.Theyhelpmeoutafewdaysaweek.

W:Thankyou,Mr.Smith.Wewishyousuccessinyournewbusiness.

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

18.Whomaybethespeaker?

A.Apresenter.B.Anauthor.C.Adoctor.

19.WhatdoweknowaboutGeorgeAlagiah?

A.Hediedofcancerin2014.

B.Herevealedmillionsofordinarypeople'slife.

C.HereceivedbetterNHSscreeningforbowel（腸）cancer.

20.Whatwillbeprobablydiscussednext?

A.AnnLittle'sadventure.B.GeorgeAlagiah'swholelife.C.Someinterestingstories.

【答案】18.A19.B20.B

【解析】

【原文】Hellothere,thejournalistandpresenteraswellasauthor,ourcolleague,GeorgeAlagiahhasdied.He

was67.Hewasdiagnosedwithbowelcancerin2014andinrecentyearsusedhisvoicetochampionbetterNHS

screeningforthedisease.Inmanyways,hewasapioneerinBritishbroadcastjournalism.BorninSriLanka,he

wasoneofthefirstpeopleofcolorworkingforamajorUKbroadcastertoreportextensivelyonthepartofthe

worldthatbecameknownastheGlobalSouth,shiningalightontheordinarylivesofmillionsofpeople,

especiallyperhapsinAfricawhoseeverydayliveswereoftenignoredorrelegatedtotheinsidepagesof

newspapers.TheBBCdirectorgeneralTimDaviessaidtodaythatGeorgewasmorethanjustanoutstanding

journalist.Audiencescouldsensehiskindness,empathyandwonderfulhumanity.OurspecialreporterAnnLittle

nowlooksbackatabrilliantlifeofstorytellingandadventure.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

ThebestplacesforwildsleepinginEnglandandWales

ChallacombeMeadows,Devon

Bestfor:privacy

ChallacombeMeadowsisclosetomilesofwalkingtrailsnearWidecombe.Basictoiletfacilitiesandrunning

waterareashortwalkaway,andthere'sacosypubandafarmshopalsonearby,forwhenit'stimetoreturnto

civilization.Tentsfrom￡45pertent.

BushFarm,Cornwall

Bestfor:freedomofchoice

AtBushFarm,campersareofferedthefreedomofchoice.Mapinhand,youcanputupyourtentwherever

youplease.Dayscanbespentwildswimming,wanderingthroughthecountrysideand,cometheevening,there's

stargazingbeneathink-blackskies.Tentsfrom￡12perperson.

TheWildmanWoods,Carmarthenshire

Bestfor:lifeontheriverbanks

Atthislittle-knownsite,youcanputyourtentonthebanksoftheRiverSawdde.TheWildmanWoodsareas

simpleastheysound,withleafypitchesscatteredamongthetreesnearthewater.Duringtheday,it'stheperfect

placeforapaddle.Tentsfrom￡10perperson.

PenrhosIsafBothy,Gwyned

Bestfor:packinglight

Bothies,simplehutstraditionallyusedasmountainrefugesthatareopentoallandfreeofcharge.They5rea

greatalternativetowildcampingiftheweatherislookingunstableandyoudon'tmindsharingwithother

travellers,whocanarriveatanytime.

21.Whichplacebestsuitspeoplewhoemphasizeprivatecamping?

A.ChallacombeMeadows,Devon.B.BushFarm,Cornwall.

C.TheWildmanWoods,Carmarthenshire.D.PenrhosIsafBothy,Gwyned.

22.WhatcancampersdoatBushFarm,Cornwall?

A.Swimindoors.B.Gotothepub.C.Appreciatestars.D.Walkdowntown.

23.Whatdothelistedplaceshaveincommon?

A.Theyarefreeofcharge.

B.Theyaresuitableforapaddle.

C.Theywereusedasmountainsheltersinthepast.

D.Theyarefavoredbypeopleenjoyingwildsleeping.

【答案】21.A22.C23.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)最適合野外露營(yíng)的地方。

[21題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ChallacombeMeadows,Devon部分中“Bestforprivacy（最保護(hù)隱私）”可知，

ChallacombeMeadows,Devon最適合那些強(qiáng)調(diào)隱私的人。故選A。

【22題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Dayscanbespentwildswimming,wanderingthroughthecountrysideand,come

theevening,there'sstargazingbeneathink-blackskies.（白天可以在野外游泳，在鄉(xiāng)間漫步，到了晚上，在漆

黑的天空下凝視星星）”可知，在此處是野外游泳，并且可以鄉(xiāng)間漫步，夜間還可以觀星。故選C。

【23題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)標(biāo)題“ThebestplacesforwildsleepinginEnglandandWales（英格蘭和威爾士最適合野外

睡覺的地方）”可知，列出的地方的共同點(diǎn)是都受到喜歡野外睡覺的人的喜愛。故選D。

B

Thedaughterofaromanticpoetandoccasionalfreedomfighter,AdaLovelacehadafamousbutabsent

father.SheneverknewLordByron,asjustweeksafterherbirthin1815,hedivorcedhermotherIsabella

MilbankeByronandlefttofightintheGreekWarofIndependence.InanefforttopreventAdafromdeveloping

herfather'sunpredictabletemper,Isabelladecidedthatherdaughtershoulddevoteherlifetostudy.

Adastudiedharddespitethefactthatsocietydidnotencouragewomenpursuinginterestsinscience.Herlife

changedwhenshemetinventorCharlesBabbageataparty.Ashedemonstratedaworkingsectionofhis

mechanicalcalculator,Adawastakeninbyhowitworkedandwantedtoknowmore.Impressedbythe17-year-

old^obviouspassion,Babbagebecamehertutor.Adamarriedin1835andbecameamother,butshecontinuedto

takeanactiveinterestinstudy,socialisinginintellectualcircleswiththelikesofCharlesDickensandMichael

Faraday.

AdastayedincontactwithBabbage,whoin1837hadproposedanewmachine,theanalyticalengine.In

1843,AdawasaskedtotranslateaFrenchtextwrittenbyengineerLuigiMenabreaaboutBabbage'snewdesign.

Aftercompletingthetranslation,AdawasencouragedbyBabbagetowriteherownnotesonhiswork.

Afterninemonthsofhardwork,AdapresentedBabbagewithadetailedlistofnotesthatwasthreetimes

longerthantheoriginalarticle.Inhercalculations,Adawrotewhatareconsideredthefirstevercomputer

algorithmstobeusedinanewtypeofmachine.Sheessentiallyprovidedthefirstideasforcomputer

programminginwhatwasagroundbreakingproposalonthepotentialofcomputers.

Adadiedofcanceragedonly36andherworkwaslargelyrecogniseduntilthe1950swhenhernoteswere

republished.In1979theUSDepartmentofDefencenamedaprogramminglanguage'Ada'inherhonour.

24.WhatcanwelearnaboutAdafromthefirstparagraph?

A.Shehadadevotedfather.B.Hermotherraisedherupalone.

C.Shehadanunpredictabletemper.D.Herparentsdivorcedbeforeherbirth.

25.Whoarousedherinterestinmathematicsandcomputerengineering?

A.CharlesDickens.B.MichaelFaraday.

C.LuigiMenabrea.D.CharlesBabbage.

26.WhichwordscanbestdescribeAda?

A.Modestandoutgoing.B.Talentedanddiligent.

C.Generousandconsiderate.D.Determinedandindependent.

27.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Ada'snoteswerepublishedonlyonce.

B.Adanamedaprogramminglanguageafterherself.

C.Adaearnedareputationnearlyacenturyafterherdeath.

D.Ada'sworkwaslargelyrecognizedwhenshewasalive.

【答案】24.B25.D26.B27.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了計(jì)算機(jī)先驅(qū)AdaLovelace的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷以及所取得的成就。

[24題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“SheneverknewLordByron,asjustweeksafterherbirthin1815,hedivorcedher

motherIsabellaMilbankeByronandlefttofightintheGreekWarofIndependence.（她從未見過拜倫勛爵，因

為1815年她出生幾周后，拜倫勛爵就與她的母親伊莎貝拉?米爾班克?拜倫離婚，參加了希臘獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)

爭(zhēng)）”可知，Ada從未見過自己的父親，她是由母親獨(dú)自撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大的。故選B。

[25題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中uHerlifechangedwhenshemetinventorCharlesBabbageataparty.Ashe

demonstratedaworkingsectionofhismechanicalcalculator,Adawastakeninbyhowitworkedandwantedto

knowmore.Impressedbythe17-year-old'sobviouspassion,Babbagebecamehertutor.（當(dāng)她在——次聚會(huì)上遇到

發(fā)明家查爾斯?巴貝奇時(shí)，她的生活發(fā)生了變化。當(dāng)他演示他的機(jī)械計(jì)算器的工作部分時(shí)，艾達(dá)被它的

工作原理迷住了，想知道更多。巴貝奇被這個(gè)17歲女孩明顯的熱情所打動(dòng)，成為了她的導(dǎo)師）”可知，是

CharlesBabbage改變了她的生活，激起了她對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)和計(jì)算機(jī)工程的興趣。故選D。

【26題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Adastudiedharddespitethefactthatsocietydidnotencouragewomenpursuing

interestsinscience.（盡管社會(huì)不鼓勵(lì)女性追求科學(xué)興趣，艾達(dá)還是努力學(xué)習(xí)）”可知，Ada在學(xué)習(xí)上很刻

苦，以及第四段中“Inhercalculations,Adawrotewhatareconsideredthefirstevercomputeralgorithmstobe

usedinanewtypeofmachine.Sheessentiallyprovidedthefirstideasforcomputerprogramminginwhatwasa

groundbreakingproposalonthepotentialofcomputers.（在她的計(jì)算中，艾達(dá)寫出了被認(rèn)為是有史以來第一個(gè)

用于新型機(jī)器的計(jì)算機(jī)算法。她提出了計(jì)算機(jī)編程的第一個(gè)想法，這是一個(gè)關(guān)于計(jì)算機(jī)潛力的開創(chuàng)性建

議）”可知，她在筆記中提出了計(jì)算機(jī)編程的第一個(gè)想法，是一個(gè)關(guān)于計(jì)算機(jī)潛力的開創(chuàng)性建議，說明她

極有天賦。故選B。

【27題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“SheneverknewLordByron,asjustweeksafterherbirthin1815,hedivorcedher

motherIsabellaMilbankeByronandlefttofightintheGreekWarofIndependence4她從未見過拜倫勛爵，因

為1815年她出生幾周后，拜倫勛爵就與她的母親伊莎貝拉?米爾班克?拜倫離婚，參加了希臘獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)

爭(zhēng)）”以及最后一段“Adadiedofcanceragedonly36andherworkwaslargelyrecogniseduntilthe1950swhen

hernoteswererepublished.（艾達(dá)死于癌癥，年僅36歲，直到20世紀(jì)50年代，她的筆記被重新出版，她的

工作才得到廣泛認(rèn)可）”可推知，她出生于1815年，1950年她的筆記被重新出版，也就是她死后快一個(gè)

世紀(jì)的時(shí)候，她的貢獻(xiàn)才廣為人知，選C。

C

Oneofthemostcuriousfeaturesofthemodernworldisthemannerinwhichdesignhasbeenwidely

transformedintosomethingmeaningless.ButIwanttoarguedesignshouldbethecrucialblockonwhichthe

humanenvironmentisshapedandconstructedforthebettermentanddelightofall.

Notsurprisingly,intheabsenceofwidespreadagreementaboutitssignificanceandvalue,muchconfusion

surroundsdesignpractice.Insomesubjectareas,authorscanassumecommongroundwithreaders.Othersubject

areascanbesodifficultthathosuchmutualunderstandingexists.

Designsitsuncomfortablybetweenthesetwoextremes.Asaworditiscommonenoughbutitisfullof

disharmony,hasinnumerablemanifestations（表現(xiàn)），andlacksboundariesthatgiveclarityanddefinition.Asa

practice,designgeneratesvastquantitiesofmaterial,muchofitephemeral,onlyasmallproportionofwhichhas

sustainedquality.

Sohowcandesignbeunderstoodinameaningfulsense?Designisoneofthebasiccharacteristicsofwhatit

istobehuman,andanessentialdeterminantofthequalityofhumanlife.Ifthingsareanecessarypartofour

existence,whyaretheyoftendonesobadly?Thereisnosimpleanswer.Costfactorsaresometimesadvanced,but

theremovebetweendoingsomethingwellorbadlycanbeexceedinglysmall,andcostfactorscaninfactbe

reducedbyappropriatedesigninputs.

Thisbookisbasedonabeliefthatdesignmattersprofoundlytousallininnumerablewaysandrepresentsan

areaofhuge,underutilizedpotentialinlife.Itsetsouttoexploresomereasonswhythisissoandtosuggestsome

possibilitiesofchange.Theintentionistoextendtherangeofwhatisunderstoodbytheterm,andexaminethe

depthofdesignpracticeasitaffectseverydaylifeinadiversityofcultures.

28.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thecausesofconfusion.B.Thesignificanceofdesign.

C.Thedifferencesinsubjects.D.Thecommongroundinpeople.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ephemeral“inParagraph3mean?

A.Meaningful.B.Enormous.C.Short-lived.D.Hard-wearing.

30.Whatdoweknowaboutdesign?

A.Designisjustaboutartsortrends.

B.Costfactorsaccountforinadequatedesign.

C.Theauthorarguesthatdesignismeaningless.

D.Veryfewareincapableofimprovementbyproperdesign.

31.Whatisthebookaimedat?

A.Reducingdesigninputs.B.Persistinginmeaningfuldesignpractices.

C.Denyingpreviousconceptionofdesign.D.Clarifyingtheconfusionsurroundingdesign.

【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)的正確解讀和如何追求更好的設(shè)計(jì)。

【28題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段"Notsui-prisingly,intheabsenceofwidespreadagreementaboutitssignificanceand

value,muchconfusionsurroundsdesignpractice.Insomesubjectareas,authorscanassumecommongroundwith

readers.Othersubjectareascanbesodifficultthathosuchmutualunderstandingexists.（毫不奇怪，在缺乏對(duì)其

意義和價(jià)值的廣泛認(rèn)同的情況下，圍繞著設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)踐的許多困惑。在某些主題領(lǐng)域，作者可以假定與讀者

有共同點(diǎn)。其他學(xué)科領(lǐng)域可能非常困難，不存在這樣的相互理解）”可知，文章第二段主要講的是困惑的

原因。故選A。

【29題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文"onlyasmallproportionofwhichhassustainedquality（只有一小部分具有持

久的質(zhì)量）”可推知，劃線詞"ephemeral”的意思是“短暫存在的”，作為一種實(shí)踐，設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)生了大量的

材料，其中大部分是短暫的。故選C。

【30題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Designisoneofthebasiccharacteristicsofwhatitistobehuman,andanessential

determinantofthequalityofhumanlife.Ifthingsareanecessarypartofourexistence,whyaretheyoftendone

sobadly?Thereisnosimpleanswer.Costfactorsaresometimesadvanced,butthemarginbetweendoing

somethingwellorbadlycanbeexceedinglysmall,andcostfactorscaninfactbereducedbyappropriatedesign

inputs.（設(shè)計(jì)是人類生活質(zhì)量的基本特征之一，也是人類生活質(zhì)量的基本決定因素。如果事物是我們存在

的必要組成部分，為什么它們經(jīng)常做得如此糟糕？沒有一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的答案。成本因素有時(shí)是先進(jìn)的，但把

事情做得好或做得不好之間的差距可能非常小，而成本因素實(shí)際上可以通過適當(dāng)?shù)脑O(shè)計(jì)投入來降低）”可

推知，很少有產(chǎn)品不能通過適當(dāng)?shù)脑O(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。故選D。

[31題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theintentionistoextendtherangeofwhatisunderstoodbytheterm,and

examinethedepthofdesignpracticeasitaffectseverydaylifeinadiversityofcultures.（目的是擴(kuò)大這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)的

理解范圍，并研究設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)踐的深度，因?yàn)樗绊懼煌幕娜粘Ｉ睿笨芍?，本書旨在?jiān)持有意義的

設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)踐。故選B。

D

Thesalespitchestempt:Blue-light-blockingglassesaresupposedtoprotecteyesfromtheeffectsofshort-

wavelengthlightemittingfromoursmartphones,computerscreensandLEDlights.Givenhowmuchtimewe

spendonourdevices,thissoundslikeasmartinvestment,right?Afterall,eyestrainisarealissueandcanleadto

poorsleepandeveneyediseases.Theglassescancost$15allthewayuptoseveralhundreddollars.Butdothey

work?

ElizabethEsparaz,anophthalmologist（眼科專家）basedinCleveland,Ohio,saysthesciencethat

manufacturersshareastheypromotetheseglassescanbeconfusing.Forstarters,bluelightisnotjustabouttech

devices,andit'snotalwaysbad."Thesunemitsamuchhigherintensityofbluelightthanhuman-madedevices,

ofcourse,andifsactuallybeneficial,nsaysDr.Esparaz.Ithelpsourmood,alertnessandsleep-wakecycle.

Theproblemisbluelightatnight:Itcontainsthereleaseofmelatonin."Melatoninhelpsregulateour

circadianrhythms（生理節(jié)奏）andmakesussleepy,“saysDr.Esparaz.

So,intheory,wearingblue-light-blockingglassesshouldhelppeoplewhowatchmoviesinbedorreadfrom

atabletatnightavoidsleeplessness.A2021reviewstudyfromtheUniversityofOklahomathatlookedat24

previousstudiesfoundthatpeopleaffectedbysleepdisorders,jetlagandshiftworkfellasleepfasterafterusing

theseglasses.

Asforeyestrain,a2021Australianstudyshowedthatthosewearingtheglassesdidnotexperiencelesseye

strainthanthoseusingclearglasses.Anda2018reviewstudy,alsobyAustralianresearchers,foundinsufficient

evidencethattheypreventcertaineyediseases.

“Theseglassesaren'tgoingtobeharmful,saysDr.Esparaz,But,sheadds,alackofstandardizationinthe

industrymeansthere9snowaytoknowifonepairisbetterthananother.Amorereliablesolution:Turnonthe

blue-light-filteringfunctiononyourdevicesandlimitscreentimebeforebed.Tohelpwitheyestrain,Dr.Esparaz

suggeststakingbreaksandusinglubricatingeyedrops.

32.WhatisDr.Esparaz^attitudetowardbusinesspublicity?

A.Unclear.B.Dismissive.C.Approving.D.Doubtful.

33.Whatcanwelearnaboutbluelightfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Itcanbebeneficial.B.Itmayfacilitatesleep.

C.Itactuallycauseshealthissues.D.Itmerelycomesfromdigitaldevices.

34.Australianstudiesfoundthatwearingblue-light-blockingglasses.

A.helpspreventeyediseaseB.arenotharmfultoeyesight

C.contributestonolesseyestrainD.benefitsthosewithsleepdisorders

35.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthispassage?

A.Blue-light-blockingGlasses:YourBestChoice

B.Blue-light-blockingGlasses:GoodorBad

C.Blue-light-blockingGlasses:AGoodBusiness

D.Blue-light-blockingGlasses:SmartandCool

【答案】32.D33.A34.C35.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過提出問題一分析問題一提出解決方案的方式解答了藍(lán)光眼鏡是否

能夠起作用，并給出具體應(yīng)對(duì)措施。

【32題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ElizabethEsparaz,anophthalmologist（眼科專家）basedinCleveland,Ohio,says

thesciencethatmanufacturersshareastheypromotetheseglassescanbeconfusing.（總部位于俄亥俄州克利夫

蘭市的眼科醫(yī)生伊麗莎白?埃斯帕拉茲說，制造商在推廣這些眼鏡時(shí)所分享的科學(xué)知識(shí)可能會(huì)讓人感到

困惑）”可推知，商家宣傳的理論是受到質(zhì)疑的。故選D。

【33題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段""Thesunemitsamuchhigherintensityofbluelightthanhuman-madedevices,of

course,andit,sactuallybeneficial,''saysDr.Esparaz（"當(dāng)然，太陽(yáng)發(fā)出的藍(lán)光強(qiáng)度比人造設(shè)備要強(qiáng)得多，而

且它實(shí)際上是有益的，”埃斯帕拉茲博士說）”可推知，太陽(yáng)散發(fā)出的藍(lán)光是有益的。故選A。

【34題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Asforeyestrain,a2021Australianstudyshowedthatthosewearingtheglasses

didnotexperiencelesseyestrainthanthoseusingclearglasses.（至于眼睛疲勞，2021年澳大利亞的一項(xiàng)研究

表明，戴眼鏡的人并不比戴透明眼鏡的人經(jīng)歷的眼睛疲勞?。笨芍?，戴藍(lán)光眼鏡并不會(huì)減少眼疲勞。故

選C。

[35題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Thesalespitchestempt:Blue-light-blockingglassesaresupposedtoprotecteyes

fromtheeffectsofshort-wavelengthlightemittingfromoursmartphones,computerscreensandLEDlights.

Givenhowmuchtimewespendonourdevices,thissoundslikeasmartinvestment,right?Afterall,eyestrainisa

realissueandcanleadtopoorsleepandeveneyediseases.Theglassescancost$15allthewayuptoseveral

hundreddollars.Butdotheywork?（銷售宣傳很誘人：防藍(lán)光眼鏡應(yīng)該可以保護(hù)眼睛免受智能手機(jī)、電腦屏

幕和LED燈發(fā)出的短波光的影響。考慮到我們?cè)谠O(shè)備上花費(fèi)的時(shí)間，這聽起來是一項(xiàng)明智的投資，對(duì)

吧？畢竟，眼睛疲勞是一個(gè)真正的問題，它會(huì)導(dǎo)致睡眠不佳甚至眼疾。這種眼鏡的價(jià)格從15美元到幾百

美元不等。但它們真的有效嗎？）”結(jié)合文章通過提出問題?分析問題?提出解決方案的方式解答了藍(lán)光眼

鏡是否能夠起作用，并給出具體應(yīng)對(duì)措施。由此可知，文章談?wù)摿怂{(lán)光眼鏡好壞的問題，B選項(xiàng)“防藍(lán)光

眼鏡：好還是壞”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Self-Improvement

Lifecanbeawhirlwindofresponsibilitiesandstress,buttherightfocusgoesalongwaytowardsensuring

youbecomeabetterperson.36Keepreadingtoleamhowyoucangoaboutyourself-improvement

journey.

37Everyoneneedssomethingtolivefor,sothinkaboutwhatyouwantinlife.Notonlycan

strugglingforsomethingmakeyouahappierandbetterperson,butitcanalsohelpyoufindyourpurpose.Usea

penandpaperandwritedowntheshortandlong-termgoalsyouwouldliketoachieve.

Forgivingyourselfandotherscanhelpyouimproverelationships.Tobeabetter