2021年10月自考00596英語(yǔ)閱讀二試題及答案含解析

英語(yǔ)閱讀（二）年月真題

00596202110

1、【單選題】InKentucky,astheWallStreetJournalreported,studentsingrades

K-3aremixedtogetherregardlessofageinarelaxedenvironment.Itworks

great,theJournalsays.Yes,scoresoncomputationtestshavedropped10percentat

oneschool,butnottoworry:'Drillingadditionandsubtractioninanage

ofcalculatorsisawasteoftime,'theprincipalreassuresus.Meanwhile,aJapanese

educatorinformsUniversityofWisconsinmathematicianRichardAkeythatinhis

country,“calculatorsarenotusedinelementaryorjuniorhighschoolbecausethe

primaryemphasisisonhelpingstudentsdeveloptheirmentalabilities.'Nowonder

JapanesekidsblowthepantsoffAmericankidsinmath.Dowereally

think“drillingadditionandsubtractioninanageofcalculatorsisawasteof

time''?Ifwedo,then“drillingreadinginanageofmultimediaisawasteof

time''can'tbefarbehind.There'snodenyingthatcomputershavethepotential

toperforminspiringfeatsintheclassroom.Ifweareevertoseethat

potentialrealized,however,weoughttoagreeonthreeconditions.First,there

shouldbeacompletelynewcropofchildren'ssoftware.Mostoftoday'sofferings

shownoimagination.Therearehundredsofsimilarreadingsandgeography

andarithmeticprograms,butalmostnothingonelectricityorphysics

orarchitecture.Also,theyabusethetechnicalcapacitiesofnewmediatoglitz

upoldformsinsteadofcreatingnewones.Whynotbuildatime-travelprogramthat

giveskidsafeelforhowhistoryisstructuredbyzoomingyoubackward?Aspectrum

programthatletsuserstwirlafrequencyknobtoseewhathappens?

Second,computersshouldbeusedonlyduringrecessorrelaxationperiods.Treat

themasfillips,notassurrogateteachers.WhenIwasinschoolinthe60s,weall

lovededucationalfilms.Whenwesawamovieinclass,everybodywon:teachers

didn'thavetoteach,andpupilsdidn'thavetolean.Isuspectthatclassroom

computersarepopulartodayforthesamereasons.Mostimportant,educators

shouldlearnwhatparentsandmostteachersalreadyknow:youcannotteachachild

anythingunlessyoulookhimintheface.Weshouldnotforgetwhatcomputers

are.Likebooks-betterinsomeways,worseinothers-theyaredevicesthathelp

childrenmobilizetheirownresourcesandlearnforthemselves.Thecomputer's

potentialtodogoodismodestlygreaterthanabook'sinsomeareas.Itspotential

todoharmisvastlygreater,acrosstheboard.WecanleamfromParagraphI

that______.

calculatorsareforbiddcnamongAmericankids

Japanesekidsusuallygivebetterperformanceinmath

A:

childreninJapanarestudyinginamorerelaxedenvironment

B:

C:

drillingadditionandsubtractionisthekeytaskinAmericanschools

答D:案：B

2、【單選題】InKentucky,astheWallStreetJournalreported,studentsingrades

K-3aremixedtogetherregardlessofageinarelaxedenvironment.Itworks

great,theJournalsays.Yes,scoresoncomputationtestshavedropped10percentat

oneschool,butnottoworry:"Drillingadditionandsubtractioninanage

ofcalculatorsisawasteoftime,"theprincipalreassuresus.Meanwhile,aJapanese

educatorinformsUniversityofWisconsinmathematicianRichardAkeythatinhis

country,“calculatorsarenotusedinelementaryorjuniorhighschoolbecausethe

primaryemphasisisonhelpingstudentsdeveloptheirmentalabilities."Nowonder

JapanesekidsblowthepantsoffAmericankidsinmath.Dowereally

think“drillingadditionandsubtractioninanageofcalculatorsisawasteof

time'"?Ifwedo,then“drillingreadinginanageofmultimediaisawasteof

time'"can'tbefarbehind.There'snodenyingthatcomputershavethepotential

toperforminspiringfeatsintheclassroom.Ifweareevertoseethat

potentialrealized,however,weoughttoagreeonthreeconditions.First,there

shouldbeacompletelynewcropofchildren'ssoftware.Mostoftoday'sofferings

shownoimagination.Therearehundredsofsimilarreadingsandgeography

andarithmeticprograms,butalmostnothingonelectricityorphysics

orarchitecture.Also,theyabusethetechnicalcapacitiesofnewmediatoglitz

upoldformsinsteadofcreatingnewones.Whynotbuildatime-travelprogramthat

giveskidsafeelforhowhistoryisstructuredbyzoomingyoubackward?Aspectrum

programthatletsuserstwirlafrequencyknobtoseewhathappens?

Second,computersshouldbeusedonlyduringrecessorrelaxationperiods.Treat

themasfillips,notassurrogateteachers.WhenIwasinschoolinthe60s,weall

lovededucationalfilms.Whenwesawamovieinclass,everybodywon:teachers

didn'thavetoteach,andpupilsdidn'thavetolean.Isuspectthatclassroom

computersarepopulartodayforthesamereasons.Mostimportant,educators

shouldlearnwhatparentsandmostteachersalreadyknow:youcannotteachachild

anythingunlessyoulookhimintheface.Weshouldnotforgetwhatcomputers

are.Likebooks-betterinsomeways,worseinothers-theyaredevicesthathelp

childrenmobilizetheirownresourcesandlearnforthemselves.Thecomputer's

potentialtodogoodismodestlygreaterthanabook'sinsomeareas.Itspotential

todoharmisvastlygreater,acrosstheboard.Computersmayinspirekidsin

learningbymeansof______

thedevelopmentofappropriatesoftwareforthem

thestudyofgeographyandarchitecture

A:

glitzyprogramsinartandhistory

B:

time-traveprograms

C:

D:

答案：A

3、【單選題】InKentucky,astheWallStreetJournalreported,studentsingrades

K-3aremixedtogetherregardlessofageinarelaxedenvironment.Itworks

great,theJournalsays.Yes,scoresoncomputationtestshavedropped10percentat

oneschool,butnottoworry:"Drillingadditionandsubtractioninanage

ofcalculatorsisawasteoftime,"theprincipalreassuresus.Meanwhile,aJapanese

educatorinformsUniversityofWisconsinmathematicianRichardAkeythatinhis

country,“calculatorsarenotusedinelementaryorjuniorhighschoolbecausethe

primaryemphasisisonhelpingstudentsdeveloptheirmentalabilities."Nowonder

JapanesekidsblowthepantsoffAmericankidsinmath.Dowereally

think“drillingadditionandsubtractioninanageofcalculatorsisawasteof

time'"?Ifwedo,then“drillingreadinginanageofmultimediaisawasteof

time'"can'tbefarbehind.There'snodenyingthatcomputershavethepotential

toperforminspiringfeatsintheclassroom.Ifweareevertoseethat

potentialrealized,however,weoughttoagreeonthreeconditions.First,there

shouldbeacompletelynewcropofchildren'ssoftware.Mostoftoday'sofferings

shownoimagination.Therearehundredsofsimilarreadingsandgeography

andarithmeticprograms,butalmostnothingonelectricityorphysics

orarchitecture.Also,theyabusethetechnicalcapacitiesofnewmediatoglitz

upoldformsinsteadofcreatingnewones.Whynotbuildatime-travelprogramthat

giveskidsafeelforhowhistoryisstructuredbyzoomingyoubackward?Aspectrum

programthatletsuserstwirlafrequencyknobtoseewhathappens?

Second,computersshouldbeusedonlyduringrecessorrelaxationperiods.Treat

themasfillips,notassurrogateteachers.WhenIwasinschoolinthe60s,weall

lovededucationalfilms.Whenwesawamovieinclass,everybodywon:teachers

didn'thavetoteach,andpupilsdidn'thavetolean.Isuspectthatclassroom

computersarepopulartodayforthesamereasons.Mostimportant,educators

shouldlearnwhatparentsandmostteachersalreadyknow:youcannotteachachild

anythingunlessyoulookhimintheface.Weshouldnotforgetwhatcomputers

are.Likebooks-betterinsomeways,worseinothers-theyaredevicesthathelp

childrenmobilizetheirownresourcesandlearnforthemselves.Thecomputer's

potentialtodogoodismodestlygreaterthanabook'sinsomeareas.Itspotential

todoharmisvastlygreater,acrosstheboard.WecanleamnfromParagraph3that

computerscanbetreatedas______

anewtypeofrecreation

anewformofeducation

A:

areplacementofteachers

B:

ameansofencouragement

C:

D:

答案：D

4、【單選題】InKentucky,astheWallStreetJournalreported,studentsingrades

K-3aremixedtogetherregardlessofageinarelaxedenvironment.Itworks

great,theJournalsays.Yes,scoresoncomputationtestshavedropped10percentat

oneschool,butnottoworry:"Drillingadditionandsubtractioninanage

ofcalculatorsisawasteoftime,"theprincipalreassuresus.Meanwhile,aJapanese

educatorinformsUniversityofWisconsinmathematicianRichardAkeythatinhis

country,“calculatorsarenotusedinelementaryorjuniorhighschoolbecausethe

primaryemphasisisonhelpingstudentsdeveloptheirmentalabilities."Nowonder

JapanesekidsblowthepantsoffAmericankidsinmath.Dowereally

think“drillingadditionandsubtractioninanageofcalculatorsisawasteof

time'"?Ifwedo,then“drillingreadinginanageofmultimediaisawasteof

time'"can'tbefarbehind.There'snodenyingthatcomputershavethepotential

toperforminspiringfeatsintheclassroom.Ifweareevertoseethat

potentialrealized,however,weoughttoagreeonthreeconditions.First,there

shouldbeacompletelynewcropofchildren'ssoftware.Mostoftoday'sofferings

shownoimagination.Therearehundredsofsimilarreadingsandgeography

andarithmeticprograms,butalmostnothingonelectricityorphysics

orarchitecture.Also,theyabusethetechnicalcapacitiesofnewmediatoglitz

upoldformsinsteadofcreatingnewones.Whynotbuildatime-travelprogramthat

giveskidsafeelforhowhistoryisstructuredbyzoomingyoubackward?Aspectrum

programthatletsuserstwirlafrequencyknobtoseewhathappens?

Second,computersshouldbeusedonlyduringrecessorrelaxationperiods.Treat

themasfillips,notassurrogateteachers.WhenIwasinschoolinthe60s,weall

lovededucationalfilms.Whenwesawamovieinclass,everybodywon:teachers

didn'thavetoteach,andpupilsdidn'thavetolean.Isuspectthatclassroom

computersarepopulartodayforthesamereasons.Mostimportant,educators

shouldlearnwhatparentsandmostteachersalreadyknow:youcannotteachachild

anythingunlessyoulookhimintheface.Weshouldnotforgetwhatcomputers

are.Likebooks-betterinsomeways,worseinothers-theyaredevicesthathelp

childrenmobilizetheirownresourcesandlearnforthemselves.Thecomputer's

potentialtodogoodismodestlygreaterthanabook'sinsomeareas.Itspotential

todoharmisvastlygreater,acrosstheboard.Whichofthefollowingstatement

istrueaccordingtoParagraph4?

Computerprogramsdeprivechildrenoftheirpleasureofreading.

Computerscanhelpmobilizenaturalresourcestochildren.

A:

Weshouldbeawareoftheharmfulpotentialofcomputers.

B:

Educatorsshouldtrytolearnwhatparentsreallyneed.

C:

答D:案：C

5、【單選題】InKentucky,astheWallStreetJournalreported,studentsingrades

K-3aremixedtogetherregardlessofageinarelaxedenvironment.Itworks

great,theJournalsays.Yes,scoresoncomputationtestshavedropped10percentat

oneschool,butnottoworry:"Drillingadditionandsubtractioninanage

ofcalculatorsisawasteoftime,"theprincipalreassuresus.Meanwhile,aJapanese

educatorinformsUniversityofWisconsinmathematicianRichardAkeythatinhis

country,“calculatorsarenotusedinelementaryorjuniorhighschoolbecausethe

primaryemphasisisonhelpingstudentsdeveloptheirmentalabilities."Nowonder

JapanesekidsblowthepantsoffAmericankidsinmath.Dowereally

think“drillingadditionandsubtractioninanageofcalculatorsisawasteof

time'"?Ifwedo,then“drillingreadinginanageofmultimediaisawasteof

time'"can'tbefarbehind.There'snodenyingthatcomputershavethepotential

toperforminspiringfeatsintheclassroom.Ifweareevertoseethat

potentialrealized,however,weoughttoagreeonthreeconditions.First,there

shouldbeacompletelynewcropofchildren'ssoftware.Mostoftoday'sofferings

shownoimagination.Therearehundredsofsimilarreadingsandgeography

andarithmeticprograms,butalmostnothingonelectricityorphysics

orarchitecture.Also,theyabusethetechnicalcapacitiesofnewmediatoglitz

upoldformsinsteadofcreatingnewones.Whynotbuildatime-travelprogramthat

giveskidsafeelforhowhistoryisstructuredbyzoomingyoubackward?Aspectrum

programthatletsuserstwirlafrequencyknobtoseewhathappens?

Second,computersshouldbeusedonlyduringrecessorrelaxationperiods.Treat

themasfillips,notassurrogateteachers.WhenIwasinschoolinthe60s,weall

lovededucationalfilms.Whenwesawamovieinclass,everybodywon:teachers

didn'thavetoteach,andpupilsdidn'thavetolean.Isuspectthatclassroom

computersarepopulartodayforthesamereasons.Mostimportant,educators

shouldlearnwhatparentsandmostteachersalreadyknow:youcannotteachachild

anythingunlessyoulookhimintheface.Weshouldnotforgetwhatcomputers

are.Likebooks-betterinsomeways,worseinothers-theyaredevicesthathelp

childrenmobilizetheirownresourcesandlearnforthemselves.Thecomputer's

potentialtodogoodismodestlygreaterthanabook'sinsomeareas.Itspotential

todoharmisvastlygreater,acrosstheboard.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsthe

useofeducationalcomputerprogramsis______

ambivalent

negative

A:

positive

B:

critical

C:

答D:案：D

6、【單選題】Hoursbeforeherweddingceremony,AishaSarwari,thenarecent

graduateofanAmericanuniversity,wascalledintoaroomfullofmen:her

brother,heruncle,amarriageregistrarandherfiance.Theregistraraskedthree

timesifsheconsentedtomarrythegroom.Shesaidyes.Thenhetoldhertosigna

contractshehadneverseen,withhernameandathumb-print.Shesaidyes

tothat,too.“Itdidn'tevenoccurtomethatIshouldlookatthe

document,shesaysnow.Thatdocument,knownasanikahnama,isamarriage

registrationandaprenuptialagreement(anagreementbeforemarriage)allin

one.Itdeterminesallsortsofthingsthatmayendupbeingofcriticalimportance

tothebride,inparticular,fromthewayinwhichshemayseekadivorceto

thedivisionofpropertyifthemarriagecomestoanend.Yetmanywives-to-bein

Pakistansigntheirnikahnamaswithoutreadingthem.Plentydonotknowwhatthey

aresigning.InPeshawar,acityinthenorth-west,nearlythree-quartersof

women,manyofthemilliterate,saytheywerenotconsultedontheirmarriage

contracts.Butaskingforasayinthedraftingwouldbefraught,anyway.At

best,womenwhodowillbeaccusedofbadmanners(fornottrustingtheirnew

husband)orofcourtingdisaster(becauseitisunluckytotalkofdivorcebefore

themarriagehasevenstarted).Atworst,itwouldbeseenasinexcusablearrogance

thatmightputtheweddinginjeopardy.Insomecases,marriageregistrars,whoare

oftenimams,takemattersintotheirownhands,simplycrossingoutbride-friendly

clausesonthecontracts.Eventhoughsuchchangesareillegal,ananalysisofabout

14,000nikahnamasinPunjabprovincefoundthat35%hadbeenamendedin

thisway,accordingtoKateVyborny,oneoftheresearchers

involved.“It'sridiculous,"saysMsSarwari.Yetwhenthenikahnama,anIslamic

tradition,wasincorporatedintoPakistanilawin196l,thegovernment'sintention

wasto“securetoourfemalecitizenstheenjoymentoftheirrightsunder

Koranic(可蘭經(jīng))laws".Infact,theordinanceinquestiondidnotjusttreasureup

Islamicpracticeinlaw;itmodernizedit,modestlyrestrictingaman'srightsand

definingthoseofwomen.Menarestillfreetomarryuptofourwomen,buthaveto

tellnewwivesaboutexistingones.Mencanstilldivorceatwill,buthaveto

registerthedivorceinwriting,andsoon.Husbandsarealsorequiredtostateat

thetimeofmarriage,inthenikahnama,whethertheyadmittheirwivesthesame

righttheyhave,toendthemarriagewhenevertheywant,withouthavingtogoto

court.WhatdidAishaSarwaridobeforeherweddingceremony?

Shereadthedetailsofapre-marriagecontract.

Shetriedtolearntheimportanceofnikahnama.

A:

Shewasaskedtosignapre-marriageagreement.

B:

Shewasinformedoftheprenuptialagreement.

C:

答D:案：C

7、【單選題】Hoursbeforeherweddingceremony,AishaSarwari,thenarecent

graduateofanAmericanuniversity,wascalledintoaroomfullofmen:her

brother,heruncle,amarriageregistrarandherfiance.Theregistraraskedthree

timesifsheconsentedtomarrythegroom.Shesaidyes.Thenhetoldhertosigna

contractshehadneverseen,withhernameandathumb-print.Shesaidyes

tothat,too.“Itdidn'tevenoccurtomethatIshouldlookatthe

document,shesaysnow.Thatdocument,knownasanikahnama,isamarriage

registrationandaprenuptialagreement(anagreementbeforemarriage)allin

one.Itdeterminesallsortsofthingsthatmayendupbeingofcriticalimportance

tothebride,inparticular,fromthewayinwhichshemayseekadivorceto

thedivisionofpropertyifthemarriagecomestoanend.Yetmanywives-to-bein

Pakistansigntheirnikahnamaswithoutreadingthem.Plentydonotknowwhatthey

aresigning.InPeshawar,acityinthenorth-west,nearlythree-quartersof

women,manyofthemilliterate,saytheywerenotconsultedontheirmarriage

contracts.Butaskingforasayinthedraftingwouldbefraught,anyway.At

best,womenwhodowillbeaccusedofbadmanners(fornottrustingtheirnew

husband)orofcourtingdisaster(becauseitisunluckytotalkofdivorcebefore

themarriagehasevenstarted).Atworst,itwouldbeseenasinexcusablearrogance

thatmightputtheweddinginjeopardy.Insomecases,marriageregistrars,whoare

oftenimams,takemattersintotheirownhands,simplycrossingoutbride-friendly

clausesonthecontracts.Eventhoughsuchchangesareillegal,ananalysisofabout

14,000nikahnamasinPunjabprovincefoundthat35%hadbeenamendedin

thisway,accordingtoKateVyborny,oneoftheresearchers

involved.“It'sridiculous,"saysMsSarwari.Yetwhenthenikahnama,anIslamic

tradition,wasincorporatedintoPakistanilawin196l,thegovernment'sintention

wasto“securetoourfemalecitizenstheenjoymentoftheirrightsunder

Koranic(可蘭經(jīng))laws".Infact,theordinanceinquestiondidnotjusttreasureup

Islamicpracticeinlaw;itmodernizedit,modestlyrestrictingaman'srightsand

definingthoseofwomen.Menarestillfreetomarryuptofourwomen,buthaveto

tellnewwivesaboutexistingones.Mencanstilldivorceatwill,buthaveto

registerthedivorceinwriting,andsoon.Husbandsarealsorequiredtostateat

thetimeofmarriage,inthenikahnama,whethertheyadmittheirwivesthesame

righttheyhave,toendthemarriagewhenevertheywant,withouthavingtogoto

court.Itisobviousthatsomerulesinnikahnamaareusually______

disagreeabletomen

unfavorabletowomen

A:

intendedtobeagainstmen

B:

expectedtoprotectwomen

C:

答D:案：B

8、【單選題】Hoursbeforeherweddingceremony,AishaSarwari,thenarecent

graduateofanAmericanuniversity,wascalledintoaroomfullofmen:her

brother,heruncle,amarriageregistrarandherfiance.Theregistraraskedthree

timesifsheconsentedtomarrythegroom.Shesaidyes.Thenhetoldhertosigna

contractshehadneverseen,withhernameandathumb-print.Shesaidyes

tothat,too.“Itdidn'tevenoccurtomethatIshouldlookatthe

document,shesaysnow.Thatdocument,knownasanikahnama,isamarriage

registrationandaprenuptialagreement(anagreementbeforemarriage)allin

one.Itdeterminesallsortsofthingsthatmayendupbeingofcriticalimportance

tothebride,inparticular,fromthewayinwhichshemayseekadivorceto

thedivisionofpropertyifthemarriagecomestoanend.Yetmanywives-to-bein

Pakistansigntheirnikahnamaswithoutreadingthem.Plentydonotknowwhatthey

aresigning.InPeshawar,acityinthenorth-west,nearlythree-quartersof

women,manyofthemilliterate,saytheywerenotconsultedontheirmarriage

contracts.Butaskingforasayinthedraftingwouldbefraught,anyway.At

best,womenwhodowillbeaccusedofbadmanners(fornottrustingtheirnew

husband)orofcourtingdisaster(becauseitisunluckytotalkofdivorcebefore

themarriagehasevenstarted).Atworst,itwouldbeseenasinexcusablearrogance

thatmightputtheweddinginjeopardy.Insomecases,marriageregistrars,whoare

oftenimams,takemattersintotheirownhands,simplycrossingoutbride-friendly

clausesonthecontracts.Eventhoughsuchchangesareillegal,ananalysisofabout

14,000nikahnamasinPunjabprovincefoundthat35%hadbeenamendedin

thisway,accordingtoKateVyborny,oneoftheresearchers

involved.“It'sridiculous,"saysMsSarwari.Yetwhenthenikahnama,anIslamic

tradition,wasincorporatedintoPakistanilawin196l,thegovernment'sintention

wasto“securetoourfemalecitizenstheenjoymentoftheirrightsunder

Koranic(可蘭經(jīng))laws".Infact,theordinanceinquestiondidnotjusttreasureup

Islamicpracticeinlaw;itmodernizedit,modestlyrestrictingaman'srightsand

definingthoseofwomen.Menarestillfreetomarryuptofourwomen,buthaveto

tellnewwivesaboutexistingones.Mencanstilldivorceatwill,buthaveto

registerthedivorceinwriting,andsoon.Husbandsarealsorequiredtostateat

thetimeofmarriage,inthenikahnama,whethertheyadmittheirwivesthesame

righttheyhave,toendthemarriagewhenevertheywant,withouthavingtogoto

court.Peoplethinkwomenwhoclaimtheirrightsintheirmarriagedrafting

are______

tooproud

tooridiculous

A:

toodangerous

B:

toochallenging

C:

答D:案：A

9、【單選題】Hoursbeforeherweddingceremony,AishaSarwari,thenarecent

graduateofanAmericanuniversity,wascalledintoaroomfullofmen:her

brother,heruncle,amarriageregistrarandherfiance.Theregistraraskedthree

timesifsheconsentedtomarrythegroom.Shesaidyes.Thenhetoldhertosigna

contractshehadneverseen,withhernameandathumb-print.Shesaidyes

tothat,too.“Itdidn'tevenoccurtomethatIshouldlookatthe

document,shesaysnow.Thatdocument,knownasanikahnama,isamarriage

registrationandaprenuptialagreement(anagreementbeforemarriage)allin

one.Itdeterminesallsortsofthingsthatmayendupbeingofcriticalimportance

tothebride,inparticular,fromthewayinwhichshemayseekadivorceto

thedivisionofpropertyifthemarriagecomestoanend.Yetmanywives-to-bein

Pakistansigntheirnikahnamaswithoutreadingthem.Plentydonotknowwhatthey

aresigning.InPeshawar,acityinthenorth-west,nearlythree-quartersof

women,manyofthemilliterate,saytheywerenotconsultedontheirmarriage

contracts.Butaskingforasayinthedraftingwouldbefraught,anyway.At

best,womenwhodowillbeaccusedofbadmanners(fornottrustingtheirnew

husband)orofcourtingdisaster(becauseitisunluckytotalkofdivorcebefore

themarriagehasevenstarted).Atworst,itwouldbeseenasinexcusablearrogance

thatmightputtheweddinginjeopardy.Insomecases,marriageregistrars,whoare

oftenimams,takemattersintotheirownhands,simplycrossingoutbride-friendly

clausesonthecontracts.Eventhoughsuchchangesareillegal,ananalysisofabout

14,000nikahnamasinPunjabprovincefoundthat35%hadbeenamendedin

thisway,accordingtoKateVyborny,oneoftheresearchers

involved.“It'sridiculous,"saysMsSarwari.Yetwhenthenikahnama,anIslamic

tradition,wasincorporatedintoPakistanilawin196l,thegovernment'sintention

wasto“securetoourfemalecitizenstheenjoymentoftheirrightsunder

Koranic(可蘭經(jīng))laws".Infact,theordinanceinquestiondidnotjusttreasureup

Islamicpracticeinlaw;itmodernizedit,modestlyrestrictingaman'srightsand

definingthoseofwomen.Menarestillfreetomarryuptofourwomen,buthaveto

tellnewwivesaboutexistingones.Mencanstilldivorceatwill,buthaveto

registerthedivorceinwriting,andsoon.Husbandsarealsorequiredtostateat

thetimeofmarriage,inthenikahnama,whethertheyadmittheirwivesthesame

righttheyhave,toendthemarriagewhenevertheywant,withouthavingtogoto

court.WhatdoyouknowaboutmarriageregistrarsinPakistan?

Theyarealwaysfriendlytothebride.

Theyusuallytransferweddingmatterstoothers.

A:

Theycontrolthemattersconcemingmarriageagreement.

B:

Theysometimesdeletegroom-friendlyclausesonthecontracts.

C:

答D:案：C

10、【單選題】Hoursbeforeherweddingceremony,AishaSarwari,thenarecent

graduateofanAmericanuniversity,wascalledintoaroomfullofmen:her

brother,heruncle,amarriageregistrarandherfiance.Theregistraraskedthree

timesifsheconsentedtomarrythegroom.Shesaidyes.Thenhetoldhertosigna

contractshehadneverseen,withhernameandathumb-print.Shesaidyes

tothat,too.“Itdidn'tevenoccurtomethatIshouldlookatthe

document,shesaysnow.Thatdocument,knownasanikahnama,isamarriage

registrationandaprenuptialagreement(anagreementbeforemarriage)allin

one.Itdeterminesallsortsofthingsthatmayendupbeingofcriticalimportance

tothebride,inparticular,fromthewayinwhichshemayseekadivorceto

thedivisionofpropertyifthemarriagecomestoanend.Yetmanywives-to-bein

Pakistansigntheirnikahnamaswithoutreadingthem.Plentydonotknowwhatthey

aresigning.InPeshawar,acityinthenorth-west,nearlythree-quartersof

women,manyofthemilliterate,saytheywerenotconsultedontheirmarriage

contracts.Butaskingforasayinthedraftingwouldbefraught,anyway.At

best,womenwhodowillbeaccusedofbadmanners(fornottrustingtheirnew

husband)orofcourtingdisaster(becauseitisunluckytotalkofdivorcebefore

themarriagehasevenstarted).Atworst,itwouldbeseenasinexcusablearrogance

thatmightputtheweddinginjeopardy.Insomecases,marriageregistrars,whoare

oftenimams,takemattersintotheirownhands,simplycrossingoutbride-friendly

clausesonthecontracts.Eventhoughsuchchangesareillegal,ananalysisofabout

14,000nikahnamasinPunjabprovincefoundthat35%hadbeenamendedin

thisway,accordingtoKateVyborny,oneoftheresearchers

involved.“It'sridiculous,"saysMsSarwari.Yetwhenthenikahnama,anIslamic

tradition,wasincorporatedintoPakistanilawin196l,thegovernment'sintention

wasto“securetoourfemalecitizenstheenjoymentoftheirrightsunder

Koranic(可蘭經(jīng))laws".Infact,theordinanceinquestiondidnotjusttreasureup

Islamicpracticeinlaw;itmodernizedit,modestlyrestrictingaman'srightsand

definingthoseofwomen.Menarestillfreetomarryuptofourwomen,buthaveto

tellnewwivesaboutexistingones.Mencanstilldivorceatwill,buthaveto

registerthedivorceinwriting,andsoon.Husbandsarealsorequiredtostateat

thetimeofmarriage,inthenikahnama,whethertheyadmittheirwivesthesame

righttheyhave,toendthemarriag