行知行業(yè)英語(yǔ)-鐵路T29

29MaglevTrainsGetReadyReading

VocabularyWritingSpeakingListeningTopic29NewWords&ExpressionsText

1Beforeyoureadthepassage,trytoanswerthesequestions.1Whatkindoftechnologyisusedtorunmaglevtrains？2Whataresomeadvantagesofmaglevtrains?GetReadyTopic29Maglevtrains

arethefutureoftransportation.Magnetsareusedtosuspendthesetrainsabovethetracks.Thislevitationprovidesliftandpropelsthetrainforward.Thesystemcreatesmoreefficientthrustandfastpropulsion.Sincetrainsdon’ttouchthetracks,maglevtravelissmoothandquiet.①Also,thetrainsandtracksdon’tbecomewornbyrubbingagainsteachother.Thismeansthatlittlemaintenanceisneeded.Severaldifferenttechnologiesareusedinmaglevtrains.EMSusesatrackwithasteelrail.Trainshavemagnetsalongthebottomtoliftandguidethem.EDSisasimilartechnology,butitalsohasmagnetsinstalledalongthetrack.②Thisprovidestherepulsiveforcethatmovesatrainforward.InductrackisacommontypeofEDS.Ithasmagneticcoilsalongthetrackthatkeepthetrainstable.

③Manycountriesarelookingtowardmaglevtrainsforfuturetransportation.Somecountriesalreadyhavetheminuse.Maglevtrainshavemanyadvantages.Theyarefast,safe,andenvironmentallyfriendly.MaglevTrainsTopic29

《天天日?qǐng)?bào)》磁懸浮列車(chē)推動(dòng)我們走向未來(lái)磁懸浮列車(chē)是交通運(yùn)輸?shù)奈磥?lái)。列車(chē)?yán)么盆F的磁力懸浮在鋼軌上，懸浮能夠提供升力，推動(dòng)列車(chē)前行。此系統(tǒng)可產(chǎn)生高效的推力和快速推進(jìn)力。由于磁懸浮列車(chē)不接觸鋼軌，列車(chē)可以更平穩(wěn)地運(yùn)行，且噪音較小。同時(shí)，列車(chē)和鋼軌不會(huì)因相互摩擦而產(chǎn)生磨損。這意味著幾乎不需要維護(hù)。磁懸浮列車(chē)采用幾種不同的技術(shù)。電磁懸浮采用鋼軌。沿著列車(chē)底部裝有的磁鐵用于提升和引導(dǎo)列車(chē)。電動(dòng)懸浮是一種類(lèi)似的技術(shù)，但是軌道上也裝有磁鐵，為列車(chē)前行提供了斥力。感應(yīng)電軌是一種常見(jiàn)的電動(dòng)懸浮類(lèi)型，軌道上裝有磁線圈，可使車(chē)身保持穩(wěn)定。許多國(guó)家都希望磁懸浮列車(chē)用于未來(lái)運(yùn)輸。有些國(guó)家已經(jīng)開(kāi)始使用磁懸浮列車(chē)。磁懸浮列車(chē)有諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn)：快速、安全且環(huán)保。MaglevTrainsTopic29第29章磁懸浮列車(chē)LanguagePoints1ExplanationofDifficultSentences1.Also,thetrainsandtracksdon’tbecomewornbyrubbingagainsteachother.

同時(shí)，列車(chē)和鋼軌不會(huì)因相互摩擦而產(chǎn)生磨損。rubagainst摩擦e.g.

Thetrainmodelsproducethesamesoundasrealtrainsasthewheels

rubagainsttherails.當(dāng)車(chē)輪摩擦鐵軌時(shí)，這些火車(chē)模型產(chǎn)生的聲音與真實(shí)火車(chē)一樣。Duringbraking,theyrubagainsteachothertocreateafrictionalforcethatslowsdownthewheeloraxle.

在制動(dòng)過(guò)程中，它們相互摩擦產(chǎn)生摩擦力，使車(chē)輪或車(chē)軸減速。MaglevTrainsTopic29LanguagePoints1ExplanationofDifficultSentences2.Thisprovidestherepulsiveforcethatmoves

atrainforward.為列車(chē)前行提供了斥力。moveforward

前行，前進(jìn)e.g.

Ifthefirstcarriagefromtheleftisfull,thetrainwillmoveforward.如果左邊的第一節(jié)車(chē)廂滿(mǎn)了，火車(chē)就會(huì)前進(jìn)。

Tomoveatrainforwardyoucanmovethelevertoswitchtracks.要使火車(chē)前進(jìn)，你可以移動(dòng)操縱桿來(lái)改變軌道。MaglevTrainsTopic29LanguagePoints1ExplanationofDifficultSentences3.

Manycountriesarelookingtowardmaglevtrainsforfuturetransportation.

許多國(guó)家都希望磁懸浮列車(chē)用于未來(lái)運(yùn)輸。looktoward希望，期待e.g.GovernmentleaderslooktowardimprovingU.S.infrastructureandtransportationservices.政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人希望改善美國(guó)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和運(yùn)輸服務(wù)。Meanwhile,theauthoritieswilllooktowardintroducinghigh-speedrailinSouthernCalifornia.

同時(shí)，政府當(dāng)局將希望在南加州引進(jìn)高速鐵路。MaglevTrainsTopic29LanguagePointsmaglevtrain

Amaglevtrainisatrainthatusesmagneticlevitationtoliftandpropelitselfoveraguiderail.磁懸浮列車(chē)e.g.ButittakesonlyeightminutestocoverthedistancebyMaglevtrain.乘坐磁懸浮列車(chē)只需八分鐘。

TheforeignerscamefromfarawaytoShanghaitotrytheMaglevtrain.

外國(guó)朋友遠(yuǎn)道而來(lái)，到上海嘗試磁懸浮列車(chē)。importantwordsandphrasesMaglevTrainsTopic29LanguagePointsmagnetn.[C]

Amagnetisametallicobjectthatattractsorrepelsothermetallicobjects.磁鐵

e.g.

Doyouknowofthewaytoinstallamagnetbetweenthetraincarandunloader?

你知道在火車(chē)車(chē)廂和卸貨機(jī)之間安裝磁鐵的方法嗎?ThemostexpensivepartofaMaglevtrackisthemagnets.

磁懸浮軌道最昂貴的部分是磁鐵。importantwordsandphrasesMaglevTrainsTopic29LanguagePointssuspendvt.

Tosuspendsomethingistocausesomethingtofloatintheair.懸掛，懸浮e.g.

Ituseselectromagnetstosuspendthetrainaboveaguideway,aswellastopropelthetrain.它利用電磁鐵將列車(chē)懸浮在導(dǎo)軌上方，并推動(dòng)列車(chē)前進(jìn)。

Knownas“maglev”,thetechnologyusespowerfulmagnetstosuspendatrainaboveitsrailsanddriveitforwardathighspeed.這項(xiàng)被稱(chēng)為“磁浮”的技術(shù)利用力量強(qiáng)大的磁力來(lái)使火車(chē)懸浮在鐵軌之上，驅(qū)動(dòng)它高速前行。importantwordsandphrasesMaglevTrainsTopic29LanguagePointslevitationn.[U]

Levitationisastateinwhichanobjectissuspendedintheairanddoesnottouchthegroundoranothersurface.懸浮狀態(tài)e.g.But,duetotheuncertaintyofthemagneticlevitationsystemmodel,itscontrolhasbeenamajorprobleminthecontrolfield.但磁懸浮系統(tǒng)由于其模型的不確定性，它的控制一直是控制界的一大難題。importantwordsandphrasesMaglevTrainsTopic29LanguagePointsliftn.[U]

Liftisaforcethatraisessomethingup.升力，浮力e.g.

Maglevtrainsworkbyusingmagnetstoproducebothliftandpropulsion.

磁懸浮列車(chē)的工作原理是利用磁鐵產(chǎn)生提升力和推進(jìn)力。

Helaidoutasystemusingmagnetsfixedtoamovingvehicletoprovideliftandguidanceoveraspeciallydesignedroadway.他設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)系統(tǒng)，利用固定在移動(dòng)車(chē)輛上的磁鐵，在一條特別設(shè)計(jì)的道路上提供升力和導(dǎo)航。importantwordsandphrasesMaglevTrainsTopic29LanguagePointsimportantwordsandphrasespropelvt.

Topropelsomethingistomovesomethinginaparticulardirection.推動(dòng)e.g.HowdoMaglevtrainspropelthemselves?磁懸浮列車(chē)是如何自我推動(dòng)的呢？

Maglevtrainsutilizeasystemofverylargemagnetstoliftandpropeltraincars.磁懸浮列車(chē)?yán)靡粋€(gè)由非常大的磁鐵組成的系統(tǒng)來(lái)提升和推動(dòng)火車(chē)車(chē)廂。MaglevTrainsTopic29LanguagePointsthrustn.[U]

Thrustisaforcethatproducesmovement.推力e.g.

Ratherthanliftingamagnet,itwillapplysidewaysthrusttoamagnet.

它不會(huì)提升磁鐵，而是向磁鐵施加側(cè)向推力。Itprovidesthethrustthatmakesthetrainmoveforward.它提供了使火車(chē)前進(jìn)的推力。importantwordsandphrasesMaglevTrainsTopic29LanguagePointspropulsionn.[U]

Propulsionisaforcethatmovessomethinginaparticulardirection.推進(jìn)力e.g.Butmagneticpropulsionhassomedrawbacks.

但是磁力推進(jìn)有一些缺陷。Oneofthemainproblemsassociatedwithmagneticallylevitatedtrainsisthemeansofpropulsion.

磁懸浮列車(chē)的主要問(wèn)題之一是推進(jìn)裝置。

importantwordsandphrasesMaglevTrainsTopic29LanguagePointsEMSEMS(electromagneticsuspension)isarailsystemwithasteelguiderailandelectromagnetsonthebottomofthetraintoproducelevitation.電磁懸掛（系統(tǒng)）e.g.

Thedesignisbasedontheelectromagneticsuspension(EMS)system.

本設(shè)計(jì)是基于電磁懸掛（EMS）系統(tǒng)。

TheEMSrequirestwothings:gettingthetrainoffthegroundandstabilizingthetrainwhileitmoves.電磁懸掛系統(tǒng)需要滿(mǎn)足兩件條件：讓列車(chē)離開(kāi)地面，并保持列車(chē)穩(wěn)定移動(dòng)。importantwordsandphrasesMaglevTrainsTopic29LanguagePointsEDS

EDS(electrodynamicsuspension)isarailsystemwithmagnetsonthetrainandtheguiderailthatproduceslevitationthroughtherepulsiveforceofthetwomagneticfields.電動(dòng)懸掛（系統(tǒng)）e.g.

OnepotentialdrawbackinusingtheEDSsystemisthatmaglevtrainsmustrollonrubbertiresuntiltheyreachaliftoffspeedofabout62mph(100kph).

使用EDS系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)潛在缺陷是，磁懸浮列車(chē)必須依靠橡膠輪胎滾動(dòng)，直到達(dá)到大約62英里每小時(shí)(100公里每小時(shí))的離地速度。

importantwordsandphrasesMaglevTrainsTopic29LanguagePointsInductrackn.[U]

Inductrackisatypeofelectrodynamicsuspensionsystemthatusesloopsofwireonthetrackandmagnetsonthetrain.感應(yīng)電軌e.g.

Inductrackusesapowersourcetoacceleratethetrainuntilitbeginstolevitate.

感應(yīng)電軌使用電源加速列車(chē)，直至列車(chē)開(kāi)始懸浮。Inductrack,asanewtypeofmaglevtechnology,wasconceivedbyPostinthemid-1990s.感應(yīng)電軌是波斯特在上世紀(jì)90年代中期提出的一種新型磁懸浮技術(shù)。importantwordsandphrasesMaglevTrainsTopic29Reading

2Readthenewspaperarticle.Then,completethetable.FeatureBenefit1________________________________________________________Travelissmoothandquiet.Tracksdonotbecomeworn.2________________________________________________________Magnetsareinstalledalongtracks.3________________________________________________________Trainsdonottouchtracks.Lowmaintenanceisneeded.Providesarepulsiveforcethatmovesatrainforward.Topic29Vocabulary

3Matchthewordsorphrases(1-8)withthedefinitions

(A-H).Topic291___propulsion5___suspend2___levitation6___magnet3___thrust7___maglevtrain4___lift8___propelA

aforcethatproducesmovementB

tomovesomethinginaparticulardirectionC

tocausesomethingtofloatintheairDaforcethatmovessomethinginaparticulardirectionE

aforcethatraisesanobjectF

atrainthatusesmagneticlevitationG

ametallicobjectthatattractsorrepelsothermetallicobjectsH

astateinwhichsomethingissuspendedDHCAGFBEVocabulary

4Readthesentencepairs.Choosewhichwordorphrasebestfitseachblank.1EMS/EDS

AIn_________,magnetsareattachedtoboththetrainandthetracks.BIn____________,magnetsonthetrainarerepelledbyasteeltrack.2Inductrack/Levitation

A____________________preventsthetrainfromtouchingthetracks.

B____________________isatypeofelectrodynamicsuspension.EDSEMSLevitationInductrackTopic29Listening

6

Listentoaconversationbetweenareporterandanengineer.Markthefollowingstatementsastrue(T)orfalse(F).1___ThemanexpressesaninterestinInductrack.2

___Accordingtothewoman,EMStrainsareslowerthanEDStrains.3___EDStrainsaremorestablethanEMStrains.FFTTopic29Listening

7Listenagainandfillintheblanks.Reporter:

I’veheardofEMSandEDS.Can1_______________thedifference?Engineer:

Noproblem.Let’sstartwithEMS.Reporter:That2__________________electromagneticsuspension,right?Engineer:Right.EMSsystemsuseasteelguiderailand3_________________onthe

train.Theyaresomewhatunstable,butsuspensionworksatanyrateofspeed.Reporter:

Okay.Engineer:

Nowlet’slookatEDS.Reporter:

That’s4_____________________________________.Engineer:

Yes.Thissystemusesmagnetsonboththetrainandtherail.Thisisa5________

________system.However,suspensiononlyworksatspeedsof30km/hormore.Reporter:

SoEMSisbetter6______________________.ButEDSisbetterforstability.youexplainstandsforplacemagnetselectrodynamicsuspension

stableatslowspeedsTopic29moreListening

7AudioscriptReporter(M):CanIaskyouaquestionaboutmaglevtrains?Engineer(F):Sure.Whatdoyouwanttoknow?Reporter:I’veheardofEMSandEDS.Canyouexplainthedifference?Engineer:Noproblem.Let’sstartwithEMS.Reporter:Thatstandsforelectromagneticsuspension,right?Engineer:Right.EMSsystemsuseasteelguiderailandplacemagnetsonthetrain.Theyaresomewhatunstable,butsuspensionworksatanyrateofspeed.Reporter:Okay.Engineer:Nowlet’slookatEDS.Reporter:That’selectrodynamicsuspension.Engineer:Yes.Thissystemusesmagnetsonboththetrainandtherail.Thisisamorestablesystem.However,suspensiononlyworksatspeedsof30km/hormore.Reporter:SoEMSisbetteratslowspeeds.ButEDSisbetterforstability.Engineer:You’vegotit.Topic29Speaking

8Withapartner,actouttherolesbelowbasedonTask7.Then,switchroles.USELANGUAGESUCHAS:Canyouexplain...?Let'sstartwith...SoEMSis...StudentA:

Youareareporter.TalktoStudentBabou