新視野大學(xué)英語預(yù)備級2-Unit-3

大學(xué)外語教學(xué)部教案學(xué)院〔部〕大學(xué)外語教學(xué)部課程名稱實(shí)用英語3課程代碼總學(xué)時(shí)：68學(xué)時(shí)講課：學(xué)時(shí)上機(jī)：學(xué)時(shí)實(shí)驗(yàn)：學(xué)時(shí)學(xué)分課程類別必修課〔√〕年級任選課〔〕院級任選課〔〕學(xué)位課〔〕授課專業(yè)授課班級任課老師職稱教學(xué)目的和要求了解大學(xué)生英語教學(xué)大綱中規(guī)定的單詞和詞組了解詞語搭配和從句的用法了解寫作技巧了解和本單元有關(guān)的背景知識教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)：vocabulary難點(diǎn)：wordbuildingandstructure思考題：readingskill教材和參考書NewHorizonCollegeEnglishReferencebookLongmanDictionaryOfContemporaryEnglishSectionAMoretheSamethanDifferentPrerequisites：StudentsshouldreadTextsAforthemainideabeforetheycometotheclasssessions.Sometypeofaudioplayershouldbefurnishedinclass,atleastforthefirstperiodofinstruction.Tapesofthelisteningmaterialshouldbeavailableduringclasshours.TestBshouldbeusedforclassreadingactivities.StudentsshouldnotreadTextBbeforetheycometoclass.ProposedUnitDuration：8classhours(45minuteseach)SuggestedTimeSectionPartPartⅠPartⅡPartⅢTextA(210min)Warm-upactivities(30minutes.)Textinstruction(120min.)Exercises(60min.)TextB(90min)NewWords(40min)LanguagePoints(50min)Grammar(60min)Thebasicknowledge(45min)Exercises(15min)Unit3SectionAMoretheSamethanDifferent=1\*ROMANI.LearningObjectiveStudentswillbeableto:understandthemainideaandstructureofthetext;learnsometechniquesinnarrativewritingintheorderoftimeandsequenceGraspthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext;theusageof“aswellas”conductaseriesofreading,listening,speaking,andwritingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeoftheunit.=2\*ROMANII.Pre-readingQuestionsWherewastheformerSovietUnion?WhatkindofcountrywastheSovietUnion?Whathasthecountrybecomenow?(SovietUnion:afederationofcommuniststatesineasternEuropeandnorthernandcentralAsiafrom1922until1991.Moscowwasitscapital.ItsofficialnamewastheUnionofSovietSocialistRepublics(USSR)蘇維埃社會(huì)主義共和國聯(lián)盟Gorbachev,thelastSovietleadertouchedofffreewheelingdebateaboutthescaleandpaceofchange.ConflictoverconstitutionalandeconomicissuesbroughttheSovietUniontothebrinkofcivilwarandprompteditsdisintegrationinto15volatilesuccessorstatesin1991.)=3\*ROMANIII.Free-writingtasksSsaregiventenminutestodescribeadifferentculturefromoursincludingthewayofgreeting,thecostumesinfestivals,andsoon.SsexchangetheirpaperswithatleastthreefellowSs.TasksseveralSstoreporttoclasswhattheyhavewritten.TmaymoveontoTextAbysaying:“Althoughthedifferencesexist,thereismorethesamethanthedifferent.”=4\*ROMANIV.Whlile-readingtasksTasksSstosurveythetextwithinfiveminutesandfindoutthemainidea;2.Backgroundmaterial:TheFriendshipForce(FriendshipForceInternationalisanon-profitorganizationfoundedinAtlanta,Georgia,UnitedStates,andintroducedonMarch1,1977,byPresidentJimmyCarterataWhiteHousegatheringofstategovernors.In1992,FriendshipForceInternationalwasnominatedfortheNobelPeacePrize.FriendshipForceInternational(FFI),isaninternationalculturalexchangeprogram,foundedin1977byWayneSmith,aPresbyterianministerandformerU.S.missionarytoBrazil.Forthefirstfiveyears,itusedcharteredairplanestoshuttledelegationsof150to400visitorsbetweenpartnercities.Thefirstexchangeinvolved762travelersfromNewcastle-upon-Tyne,England,andAtlanta,Georgia,UnitedStates.Stayinginprivatehomesisacentralfeatureoftheprogram.Today,FriendshipForceInternationalconductsalmost400exchangeprogramseveryyear,in390communitiesin70countries.WhenyoutravelorhostwiththeFriendshipForce,yougettoknowrealpeoplebysharingreallife.Friendshipsareoftenformedthatlastalifetime-offlineandonline.=5\*ROMANV.NewWordsokay(OK):a.1)allright好的；可以Let’stothere,okay?IsitOKwithyouifIborrowthisbook?2)good;satisfying好；不錯(cuò)WasyourholidayOK?TheplayisOK,butIstillpreferthebook.2.thumb:n.[C]thefingerthatisshortandthickandsetapartfromtheotherfour大拇指Hehadhisthumbinjured(受傷)whenhewasplayingbasketball.他打籃球時(shí)弄傷了拇指。Thisbasicknowledgeisinmostcasesaruleofthumb.這種根本知識在很多情況下是經(jīng)驗(yàn)之談。Iseemtobeallthumbstoday.我今天顯得笨手笨腳的。3.announce:v.tellaboutsth.Publiclyorofficially;declare宣布Wearepleasedtoannouncetheopeningofournewdepartmentstore.HeannouncedtohisfriendshismarriagewithMissBrown.他向朋友們宣布他已與布朗小姐成婚。4.admire:v.thinkoforlookatwithpleasureandrespect贊美；羨慕；敬佩Everyoneadmiredthewayhedealtwiththeproblem.大家都贊賞他處理這個(gè)問題的方式。Shealwaysadmiresherselfinthemirror.她常常對著鏡子自我欣賞。jacket:n.[C]ashortcoat短上衣；夾克Ifoundthekeysinmyjacketpocket.我在上衣口袋里找到了鑰匙。Helikeswearingsportsjackets.他喜歡穿運(yùn)動(dòng)衫。bath:n.[C]anactofwashingone’swholebody沐?。幌丛鐳oyouwantabathatonceorshallIhaveminefirst?你是馬上洗澡，還是我先洗？bathroom:n.[C]aroomequippedforbathing浴室；衛(wèi)生間He’swashinghishandsinthebathroom.他正在衛(wèi)生間里洗手。Weboughtahousewiththreebedroomsandtwobathrooms.我們買了一幢有三間臥室、兩個(gè)衛(wèi)生間的房子。voyage:n.[C]ajourney,usu.long,madebyboatorship旅行ThevoyagefromEnglandtoIndiausedtotakesixmonths.從英國到印度的航程過去需要花六個(gè)月的時(shí)間。Thefirstpartofourvoyagewaspleasant.我們航行的頭一段很愉快。communist:a.practicingcommunism共產(chǎn)主義的Theaimoffcommunistsistobuildacommunistsociety.共產(chǎn)黨人的目標(biāo)是建立共產(chǎn)主義社會(huì)。HejoinedtheCommunistPartywhenhewasonlyamiddleschoolstudent.他讀中學(xué)的時(shí)候就參加了共產(chǎn)黨。n.[C]sb.whobelievesincommunism共產(chǎn)主義者；共產(chǎn)黨員Iknowyouhavesomecommunistfriends.我知道你有一些信仰共產(chǎn)主義的朋友。curious:a.eagertoknoworlearn好奇的Iwaseagertoknowwhathadhappened.我很好奇，想知道發(fā)生了什么事。communism:n.[U]asocialsysteminwhichpropertyisownedbythecommunityandeachmemberworksforthecommonbenefit共產(chǎn)主義Moderncommunismwasfoundedinthe19thcenturybytwoGermanpoliticalthinkersKarlMarxandFriedrichEngels.現(xiàn)代共產(chǎn)主義是兩位德國政治思想家卡爾·馬克思和弗里德里克·恩格斯在19世紀(jì)創(chuàng)立的。Undercommunism,allpeopleareequal.在共產(chǎn)主義制度下，人人平等。vacation:n.[C;U]aholiday假期Thelongsummervacationisover.漫長的暑假結(jié)束了。organize:v.arrangeintoagoodworkingsystem組織Imusttrytoorganizemylifeabitbetter.我必須努力把生活安排得更有條理。exchange:n.[C;U]theactofgivingandreceivinginreturn交換Therewasanexchangeofusefulinformationbetweenthetwocountries.兩國之間進(jìn)行了很有用的情報(bào)交流。Therewasanexchangeofprisonersbetweenthetwocountries.兩國之間交換了俘虜。v.giveandreceiveinreturn交換Iwouldliketoexchangethisskirtforabiggerone.我想把這條裙子換條尺寸大一點(diǎn)的。WherecanIexchangemypoundsfordollars?我到哪兒可以將英鎊兌換成美元？Pet:n.[C]ananimalkeptinthehomeasacompanion寵物Youmayeasilyfindpetfoodinsupermarketsnow.寵物食品現(xiàn)在在超市隨處可見。animal:n.[C]anylivingbeing,notaplant,thatcanfeelandmovebyitself(與植物相對的)動(dòng)物Manyanimalshaveasharpersenseofsightorsoundthanhumanbeings.許多動(dòng)物比人類有更敏銳的視覺或聽覺。Humansarethemostintelligentofalltheanimals.人是所有動(dòng)物中最聰明的。pour:v.1〕Causetoflowcontinuously(outoforintoacontainer)倒；灌Hepouredhimselfaglassofbeer.他替自己倒了杯啤酒。Shepouredthesaltcarefullyintothecup.她小心地把鹽倒入杯中。2〕flowsteadilyandrapidly不斷流出Smokewaspouringoutfromthewindow.煙不斷從窗口冒出來。directly:ad.straight直接地Hereportedthecrimedirectlytothepolice.他直接向警方報(bào)告了這件罪行。pan:n.[C]acookingvesselwithaflatbottomandusuallywithalid,usuallymadeofmetal鍋Allthepotsandpansarekeptinthatcupboard.所有的鍋碗瓢盆都放在那個(gè)碗櫥里。boil:v.Causetoreachthetemperatureatwhichliquidchangesintoagas煮沸；燒開Boilalldrinkingwaterforfiveminutes.水煮沸五分鐘后才能喝。boiling:a.atornearthepointthatsth.boils沸騰的Pleasekeepawayfromtheboilingmud.請遠(yuǎn)離滾滾的泥漿。stone:n.[C]asmallpieceofrock石子；石頭Theboypickedupastoneandthrewitintotheriver.那個(gè)男孩拾起一塊石頭扔進(jìn)河里。pot:n.[C]adeep,roundcontainerusedforcooking,usuallymadeofmetal罐；壺Awatchedpotneverboils.心急水不沸。entire:a.whole;complete;all全部的；完全的Ireadtheentirebook.我閱讀了全書。Heenjoyedourentireconfidence.他受到了我們絕對信任。dialog(英dialogue)n.[C;U]conversation;talk交談；對白Theirdialogwaslightandfriendly.他們的交談時(shí)輕松友好的。Heisnotverygoodatwritingdialog.他不擅長與寫對白。shame:n.[C]sth.oneissorryabout令人惋惜的事It’sashameyoucan’tcome.Iwaslookingforwardtoseeingyou.你不能來真叫人失望，我盼望見到你呢。Whatashameyouhavetoleavesosoon!可惜你這么快就要走了！It’sashamethatIhaven’tseenmoreofyoutheserecentyears.真遺憾，最近幾年我未能經(jīng)常見到你。political:a.ofpolitics與政治有關(guān)的；黨派的Hehasverystrongpoliticalopinions.他有非常強(qiáng)烈的政治見解。communicate:v.passnews,information,opinions,feelings,etc.交流He’squiteshyandcan’tcommunicatewell.他非常靦腆，不善于與人交際。dictionary:n.[C]abookwhereyoucanlookforthespellings,meaningsandpronunciationsofwords詞典ManystudentslearningEnglishprefertouseadictionarythatexplainswordsintheirnativelanguage.許多學(xué)習(xí)英語的學(xué)生喜歡使用母語釋義的詞典。=6\*ROMANVI.LanguagePointsLanguagePoint1…don’tmakeacirclewithyourthumbandfirstfinger,…(Para.2)finger:n.anyfivemovableendpartsofthehand,usu.otherthanthethumb手指Icutmyfingerwithavegetableknife.我被菜刀割傷了手指。Heranhisfingersthroughhishair.他用手指梳理頭發(fā)。Note:thefirst/indexfinger食指;themiddle/longfinger中指;theringfinger/fourthfinger無名指；thelittle/smallfinger小指LanguagePoint2…butintheSovietUnionithasadirtymeaning.(Para.2)Meaning:…butintheSovietUnionitreferstosexinawaythatmaymakepeopleunhappyorangry.LanguagePoint3Rememberthat,ingeneral,lifeinthe…(Para.5)ingeneral:asawhole總體上；總地說來Ingeneral,thistoiletisofgoodquality.總體上這個(gè)衛(wèi)生間的質(zhì)量還不錯(cuò)。LanguagePoint4ThewomanwaspreparingtheAmericansfortheirvoyagetothecommunistSovietUnion.(Para.6)Preparesb.for:makesb.readyfor使做好準(zhǔn)備ListeningisacoursethatpreparesstudentsfortheEnglishexams.聽力是為學(xué)生參加英語考試而設(shè)的課程。I’mafraidyou’regoingtohavetoprepareyourselfforashock.恐怕你要做好經(jīng)受意外打擊的心理準(zhǔn)備。LanguagePoint5TheAmericansarecurioustolearnabout…(Para.6)learnabout:gettoknowsth.知曉WhendidyoulearnaboutMary’sdivorce?瑪麗離婚的事你什么時(shí)候知道的？Ilearnedabouthislonelylifeafterhiswife’sdeath.我得悉他的妻子死后他生活寂寞。LanguagePoint6Theydidn’twanttoexperiencecultureshock.(Para.6)Cultureshock:文化沖擊，指面對與自己國家差異很大的文化時(shí)產(chǎn)生的困惑。Thefirsttimeyougoabroad,youmayexperienceacultureshock.第一次跨出國門，你可能會(huì)感受到一種文化沖擊。LanguagePoint7WhentheyarrivedintheSovietUnion…(Para.6Parrivein:reach到達(dá)WhattimedoesthetrainarriveinBeijing?列車什么時(shí)候到達(dá)北京？LanguagePoint8TheSoviets,liketheAmericans,preparedfortheirvisitbylearningaboutlifeintheothercountry.(Para.8)Preparefor:getreadyfor準(zhǔn)備Ididn’tleavemyselfenoughtimetopreparefortheexam.我沒有預(yù)留足夠的時(shí)間來準(zhǔn)備考試。Bobhelpedmepreparefortheparty.鮑勃協(xié)助我籌備聚會(huì)。LanguagePoint9Still,they,experiencedalittlecultureshock.(Para.8)Meaning:Still,likeAmericans,theyexperiencedafeelingofconfusionwhentheyvisitedAmerica,whichisverydifferentfromtheirownsociety.LanguagePoint10believeone’seyes:trustone’seyes相信某人的眼睛Icouldn’tbelievemyeyeswhenhetoreuptheletter.他把那封信撕得粉碎，我簡直不敢相信自己的眼睛?！癝eeingisbelieving”meansthatpeopleprefertobelievetheirowneyes.“眼見為實(shí)”是說人們通常相信自己所看到的事實(shí)。LanguagePoint11…andsleeponone’sbeds.(Para.9)onone’sbed:在床上Sorrywedon’thavemuchspace;therefore,wehavetoaskyoutositonourbeds.對不起，我們的地方不大，因此只能讓你們坐在床上。Don’tsitonmybed.I’vejustchangedmysheet.別坐在我的床上，我剛換了床單。LanguagePoint12Theyweresurprisedatthedifferencebetweendailylife…(Para.10)1〕Besurprisedat:對……感到驚訝Everyoneissurprisedatthefactthatthehumanpopulationisexplodingsorapidly.每個(gè)人都為人類人口的急速增長而感到驚訝。2〕differencebetween:……與……之間的差異Thedifferencebetweenacastleandpalaceisnotinsize.城堡與宮殿之間的差異并不在大小。CanyoutellthedifferencebetweenAmericansandAustralians?你是否能區(qū)別美國人和澳大利亞人？LanguagePoint13…whenshesawanAmericanpouringricedirectlyfromaboxintoapanofboilingwater.(Para.10)pourinto:causesth.toflowinto倒入Shepouredsomehotwaterintothebasintogiveherbabyabath.她往水盆里倒入一些熱水要給孩子洗澡。LanguagePoint14…andpickoutallthesmallstonesbeforeputtingitinthepot.(Para.10)pickout:choose選擇Sincewehavealargequantityofcarpets,let’spickoutbadonesandthrowthemaway.既然我們有許多地毯，我們就把不好的挑出來扔掉吧。LanguagePoint15…buttheyweredisappointedtoseethatAmericansatefastmealsathome,too.(Para.11)bedisappointedtodosth.:unhappyatnotseeingsth.happen感到失望的Iwasdisappointedtohearthattheyweren’tcoming.聽說他們不來我很失望。LanguagePoint16…becausefamiliessitatthetableandtalk.(Para.11)atthetable:飯桌上；飯桌旁Manyrestaurantsnowhavewaitersstandatthetabletoshowgoodservices.許多餐館讓效勞員站在飯桌旁，表示良好的效勞。LanguagePoint17WhenAmericanfamilieseattogether–iftheyeattogether–theyofteneatquicklyanddon’ttaketimeforalongdialog.(Para.11)Meaning:IfAmericanfamilieseattogether,theyofteneatquicklyanddon’tholdalongandunhurriedtalkovertheirmeals.LanguagePoint18…anddon’ttaketimeforalongdialog.(Para.11)taketime:usetimeslowlyandcarefully花費(fèi)時(shí)間Itdoesn’ttakemuchtimetopulldownthegarage.撤除車庫花不了多少時(shí)間。LanguagePoint19TheSovietsthoughtthatwasashame.(Para.11)Meaning:TheSovietsthoughtthatwassomethingdisappointing.LanguagePoint20Inspiteofthepoliticaldifferencesbetweentheircountries,aswellastheirdifferencesinlanguageandculture…(Para.12)inspiteof:notbeingpreventedby盡管Inspiteoftheopposingviews,ourbossdeclaredthatthecompanywouldenterthefurnituremarket.盡管有反對的意見，我們老板仍然宣布公司將進(jìn)入家具市場。LanguagePoint21Yettheymanagedtocommunicatethroughsignlanguageandadictionary.(Para.12)Meaning:Fortwoweekstheytalkedtoeachotherbyusingsignsinsteadofwordsandlookingupwordsinadictionary.Signlanguage:alanguagecreatedtobecommunicatedbythebody,esp.thehands手勢語；手語LanguagePoint22AndIlearnedthatpeopleallovertheworldaremorethesamethantheyaredifferent.(Para.13)Meaning:AndIlearnedthatpeopleallovertheworldhavemorethingsincommonthandifferences.=7\*ROMANVII．SpotlightonGrammar:aswellas的意義和用法Inspiteofthepoliticaldifferencesbetweentheircountries,aswellasthedifferencesintheircountriesandculture,theSovietsandAmericanbecomefriends.(PassageAUnit3)在這一句中，復(fù)合連詞aswellas連接兩個(gè)名詞短語：thepoliticaldifferencesbetweentheircountries和theirdifferencesinlanguageandculture，而其著重點(diǎn)在第一個(gè)名詞短語，即“國家間的政治差異”上。作為復(fù)合連詞，aswellas可用來連接名詞短語，如下例〔1〕；動(dòng)詞短語，如下例〔2〕；形容詞短語，如下例〔3〕；介詞短語，如下例〔4〕。Women,aswellasmen,havetherighttowork.Hisstudents,aswellashehimself,attendedthemeeting.He’sgotacaraswellasabicycle.IspeakFrenchandGermanaswellasEnglish.Hehurthisarmaswellasbreakinghisleg.She’sgotacleaningjobatnightaswellasworkingduringtheday.She’scleveraswellasbeautiful.Ifeltsadaswellasangry.Iputmybooksinmyofficeaswellasinmystudy.Hefinishedforfunaswellasforaliving.Note:Shewasthereaswellasme.[誤]ShewasthereaswellasI.[正]在實(shí)際使用中，請?zhí)崾緦W(xué)生注意以下幾點(diǎn)：當(dāng)aswellas連接動(dòng)詞短語時(shí)，它后面所跟的動(dòng)詞短語必須是–ing分詞形式，如上例〔2〕所示。又如：HedidalotoftranslationaswellasteachingEnglish.[誤]HedidalotoftranslationaswellastaughtEnglish.Sheplaysthepianoaswellassinging.[誤]Sheplaysthepianoaswellassings.不少學(xué)生把a(bǔ)swellas當(dāng)作跟and或notonly…butalso同義的連詞來用。其實(shí)，用aswellas連接兩個(gè)短語時(shí)，其著重點(diǎn)往往在其前面的短語上，這一點(diǎn)正好與notonly…butalso相反，即AaswellasB=notonlyBbutalsoA.例如：Women,aswellasmen,havetherighttowork.=Notonlymen,butalsowomen,havetherighttowork.Hefishedforfunaswellasforaliving.=Hefishednotonlyforaliving,butalsoforfun.當(dāng)aswellas連接的名詞短語作主語時(shí)，其后的動(dòng)詞和其他成分應(yīng)在性、數(shù)上與aswellas前面的名詞短語相一致。例如：Themother,aswellasherthreechildren,wastakentohospital.[誤]Themother,aswellasherthreechildren,weretakentohospital.Thegirl,aswellastheboys,hasfinishedherhomework.[誤]Thegirl,aswellastheboys,havefinishedtheirhomework.aswellas有時(shí)也可同and…aswell換用，但and…aswell側(cè)重后項(xiàng)。比擬：He,aswellasshe,willcome.他將不來，她也將不來。Hewillnotcomeaswellasshe.她將來，但他將不來。〔否認(rèn)前者，肯定后者〕Henry,aswellashisbrother,doesn’tworkhard.亨利同他弟弟一樣，工作不努力。Henrydoesn’tworkhardaswellashisbrother.亨利工作不努力，但他弟弟努力。Aswellas用作介詞時(shí)表示“除了……還”，相當(dāng)于besides,inadditionto,放在句首或句尾。例如：HetaughtChineseliteratureattheuniversity,aswellaswritingnovels.除了寫小說外，他還在大學(xué)里教中國文學(xué)。Aswellasbreakingherleg,shehurtherarm.除了摔斷腿，她還傷了胳膊。〔她不僅摔斷了腿，而且還傷了胳膊?！砈ectionBMisunderstandings=1\*ROMANI.NewWords:misunderstanding:n.[C;U]theactofputtingawrongmeaningonsth.誤解Itwasallamisunderstanding,butwe’vegotitsortedoutnow.那完全是個(gè)誤會(huì)，不過現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)弄清楚了。Somemisunderstandingsincommunicationarecausedbyculturaldifferences.與人溝通所產(chǎn)生的某些誤會(huì)是由文化差異引起的。comb:v.tidy,esp.thehair梳理〔毛、發(fā)〕Shespenthoursinfrontofthemirrorcombingthroughherlonghair.n.[C]astripofwood,bone,orplasticwithteethusedfortidyingherhair梳子Althoughhehasjustafewhairs,healwayscarriesacombinhispocket.盡管他只有那么幾根頭發(fā)，卻總在口袋里帶把梳子。Heusedhisfingersasacombtosethishairbeforehewentontothestage.登臺之前他用手指梳理了頭發(fā)。cent:n.[C]onepercentofanycertainunitsofmoney分幣；分Shesaidthatshehadn’tgotacent.她說她已身無分文。I’vegotagreatideathatitwon’tcostusacent.我有一個(gè)好主意，我們一分錢都不用花。pocketn.[C]asmall,openbagonajacketforkeepingsmallthingsin口袋Healwayswalkswithhishandsinhistrouserpockets.他走路時(shí)總把雙手插在褲兜里。ridev.1〕travelorbecarriedoninavehicle乘……旅行Manypeoplecanrideonthisboat.這條船上能乘坐不少人。2〕sitonandcontrol騎Teachmehowtorideabicycle.教教我怎么騎自行車。n.[C]ajourneyonananimalorinavehicle旅程It’sa15-minutebusride.這段路程乘公共汽車需要15分鐘。passengern.[C]aperson,notthedriver,travellinginavehicleFortunately,noneofthepassengerswerehurtintheaccident.幸運(yùn)的是，在那次事故中乘客中無一人受傷。bumn.[C]awanderingpersonwholivesbybegging流浪漢Thebumdecidedtofinishhiswanderinglifeandsettleddowninasmalltown.那個(gè)流浪漢決定結(jié)束流浪生活，在一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)上定居下來。drivern.[C]apersonwhodrives司機(jī)Thedrivertriedhardtoreturnthemoneytoitsown.那位司機(jī)想盡方法把錢歸還給了施主。bombn.[C]sth.thatexplodeswithgreatforce炸彈Theyplantedabombinthepostoffice.他們在郵局里安放了一枚炸彈。Theenemydroppedbombsonthebridge.敵人對橋梁投擲了炸彈。immediatelyad.atonce立即Canyoucomehomeimmediatelyafterwork?你下班后可以馬上回家嗎？Heleftimmediatelyafterhegotthephonecall.他接到后立即離開了。trafficn.[C;U]themovementofpeopleorvehicles交通Trafficinbigcitiesiscontrolledbytheredandgreenlights.大城市的交通由紅綠燈管理。jamn.[C;U]acrowdofthingspressedsoclosetogetherthatmovementisdifficult(交通)堵塞；堵車Ourcarhasbeenstuckinatrafficjamforhours.我們的車已近堵了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)了。Trafficjamreferstoasituationinwhichthereissomuchtrafficonaroadthatitmovesveryslowlyordoesn’tmoveatall.交通堵塞是指車輛過多，致使行車非常緩慢甚至是車輛無法行駛的一種情況。boardv.getontoashiporpublicvehicle登上〔交通工具〕Theyboardedasmallplaneandheadforthecapitalimmediately.他們登上一家小型飛機(jī)，立即向首都飛去。n.[U]onboard上船〔車，或其他公共交通工具〕AssoonasI’monboard,Ialwaysfeelsick.我一上船〔車〕就老是想吐。northwesta.Somewherebetweennorthandwest西北方向的ThelittletownisnorthwestofOakland.這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)位于奧克蘭的西北部。directionn.1)[C;U]thepositionorpointtowardswhichapersonorthingmoves,facesorisaimed方向Everyeyefollowedthedirectioninwhichhisfingerpointed.所有的人都朝他手指的方向看去。2〕guidance指導(dǎo)；指點(diǎn)Ifeeltheneedofdirectioninmystudies.我感到學(xué)習(xí)上需要有人指導(dǎo)。belowprep.under;inalowerplace在……下面ShallIwritemynameaboveorbelowtheline?我該把名字寫在橫線上方還是下方？oceann.[C]agreatmassofsaltwatercoveringtheEarth海洋Tothewestofthesemountainsalltheriversflowintotheocean.這些山脈以西的所有河流都流入大海。pilotn.[C]sb.whocontrolsanairplanewhileitisflying飛行員Thepilotwasstillnotfoundaftertheaircrash.飛機(jī)失事后飛行員一直下落不明。assistant:n.[C]sb.whohelpsanotherinajobandisunderthatperson’sdirection助手Thedirectorisawaytoday.Wouldyouspeaktohisassistant?主任不在，你要不要同他的助理說話？Wehaveanewlibraryassistanthere.我們這兒新來了個(gè)圖書管理員。farther:ad.atortoagreaterdistance;further更遠(yuǎn)地Theydrovethreemilesfartherdowntheroad.他們駕車又往前開了三英里。continentn.[C]anyofthesevenmainlargemassesoflandontheEarth洲；大陸Somecontinentsareconnectedbynarrowlandbridges.有些大陸之間由狹窄的地峽連接。Inourlastlessontheteachertouchedupon(提到)theworld’scontinentsandoceans.老師在上節(jié)課提到了世界七大洲和四大洋。pronunciation:n.[C;U]thewayinwhichaparticularwordispronounced發(fā)音Lookupthepronunciationofthisword.查查這個(gè)詞的讀音。ShespeaksEnglishwithgoodpronunciation.她的英語發(fā)音很準(zhǔn)確。flata.1)withoutenoughairin氣缺乏的Seeingtheflatballoon,thechildcried.看到氣球沒氣了，那個(gè)小孩大聲哭了起來。2〕smoothandlevel平的Ineedsomethingflattowriteon.我需要一塊平的東西好在上面寫字。tyre(tire):n.[C]acoveringfittingroundtherimofthewheeltoabsorbshocks輪胎Thetyresofthiscardon’thaveenoughairinthem.這輛車的輪胎氣也缺乏了。Icandonothingwiththeflattyre.車輪胎癟了，我一點(diǎn)方法也沒有。airline:n.[C;U]acompanywhichprovidesaircraftservicesforpassengersandgoods航空公司Theairlinehassufferedagreatlossaftertheaccident.事故發(fā)生后，航空公司蒙受了很大的損失。cheap:a.lowinprice廉價(jià)的Freshvegetablesareverycheapinthesummer.夏天，新鮮蔬菜很廉價(jià)。It’scheapertobuyareturnticketthantwosingles.買往返票比買兩張單程票要合算。=2\*ROMANII.LanguagePointsLanguagePoint1…h(huán)egotonabusandheadedstraightforthebathroom.(Para.1)headfor:moveforward向前Aftertheygotoffthebus,theyheadeddirectlyforthestore.他們下車后直接奔商店而去。LanguagePoint2Butapassengeratthebackofthebussawhim.(Para.1)atthebackof:在……后部；在……后面Ihatesittingallthewayatthebackofthebus.我討厭一路都坐在后座。There’sagardenatthebackofthehouse.這座房子后面有個(gè)花園。LanguagePoint3Shesaidtothepersoninfrontofher.(Para.1)infrontof:before在……前面Howdareyouspeaklikethisinfrontofstrangers!你怎么敢在生人面前這樣講話！Note:注意infrontof與inthefrontof的區(qū)別。前者表示“在……前面”，后者表示“在……的前部”。例如：Heisveryangrybecauseanewtallbuildinghasbeenbuiltinfrontofhishouse.他的房子前面新建了一棟高樓，他很生氣。Unlikeotherteacherswhoalwaysstandinfrontoftheclassroom,hemovesaboutwhileteaching.不像別的老師總站在教室前面，他上課總是走來走去。LanguagePoint4Themessagewaspassedfrompersontoperson…(Para.2)frompersontoperson:從一個(gè)人到另一個(gè)人Thelatestnewsaboutthewarwaspassedfrompersontoperson.最新的戰(zhàn)況從一個(gè)人傳到另一個(gè)人。LanguagePoint5Butsomewherealongtheway,themessagechanged.(Para.2)Meaning:Butwhenthemessagewaspassedfrompersontopersonsomeonemisunderstoodthemessageandchangedit.LanguagePoint6Bythetimeitreachedthedriver…(Para.2)bythetime:when……的時(shí)候BythetimeIgethome,Alexwillhavecookedthedinner.我回到家里時(shí)，亞歷克斯應(yīng)該已經(jīng)弄好晚餐了。Bythetimewearrived,theyhadeatenallthefood.我們到的時(shí)候，他們把東西都吃完了。LanguagePoint7Thedriverimmediatelypulledovertothesideoftheroad…(Para.2)pullover:moveovertoonesideofther