四川省宜賓市興文第二中學2023-2024學年高三上學期2月期末英語試題

興文二中高2021級高三上期期末考試英語試題第I卷選擇題(100分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Howwillthetwospeakersgotothebeachtomorrow?A.Bybus. B.Bycar. C.Onfoot.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Whatshallwedotomorrow,dear?M:Ifitdoesn’train,we’lldrivetothebeachwithPhilip.W:Itwillbefine.Ijusthearditontheradio.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanreallymean?A.Shehasnevergonehiking.B.Sheenjoyshikingverymuch.C.Sheenjoyedherexperienceofhiking.【答案】C【解析】【詳解】M:Doyouevergohiking?W:Funnyyouasked.LastSunday,BethandIdecidedtogohikinginthemountainsnearourhousejustforachange.M:Howwasit?W:Wonderful!Asamatteroffact,wecan’twaittogoagainthisweekend.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】WhatisTonyusuallylike?A.Cheerful. B.Serious. C.Humorous.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:What’seoverTony?He’sbeentellingjokesallmorning.W:Ithinkhemusthavehadsomeverygoodnews.Isawhimreadingaletterearlieron.M:He’snothisusualseriousself.It’sstrangetoseehimsolighthearted.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Tomakeareservation. B.Toaskforpermission. C.Toexpressthanks.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:CanIuseyourbathroom,please?M:Ofcourse!Ithinksomeone’susingthedownstairsbathroomrightnow,butthere’sanotheroneupstairs.Thedoorisonyourleft.Oh,andthelightcontrolisjustoutsidethedoor.Peoplealwaysstruggletofindit!W:Great,thanks!5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Clothes. B.Aplant. C.Aseason.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:It’sonly13degreesCelsius.You’dbetterwearlongsleeveclothes.W:Okay.Oh,look,themapleleaveshaveturnedred!Andsomeofthetreesarealreadybeginningtodroptheirleaves.M:Yes,fallingleavesarethefirstsignofautumn.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthemansayaboutfoxes?A.Theyaredangerous. B.Theyalsoeatplants. C.Theylookprettyandsmall.7.Howlongdoaverageworkerantssleepeveryday?A.8hours. B.45hours. C.48minutes.【答案】6.B7.B【解析】【原文】M:IwatchedtheAnimalWorldwithmyparentslastnight.Ilearnedmanyinterestingfacts.Forexample,akindoffoxeatsnotonlymeat,butalsoapples,pears,carrots,etc.W:Really?Iusedtothinkfoxesonlyeatmeat.Ioncesawapieceofnewsthatafoxhadhurtaman.M:Maybethefoxwastryingtoprotectitself.Youknowwhat?It’samagicworld.Humansneedtosleepforatleast8hours,whileaverageworkeranttakesapproximately250napseachday,witheachonelastingjustoveraminute.Thataddsupto4hoursand48minutesofsleepperday.IfeltsurprisedwhenIknewit.W:Cool,Ithinkantsarereallyhardworking.Iwanttowatchtheshow,too.MaybeI’llwatchitafterwork.M:It’sreallyworthseeing.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whydoesn’tthewomanwanttogototheCatHouse?A.Thefoodisexpensive. B.It’snoisy. C.Manycatsarethere.9.WhatimpressedthemanmostabouttheLotusrestaurant?A.ItsFrenchfood. B.Itsmoderndecoration. C.Itsliveband.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】【原文】W:WouldyouliketoeatoutwithmethisSaturday?M:Ofcourse.Whereshallwego?IrememberyouloveBeijingRoastDuck.W:Yeah,Idoloveit.Butthistime,let’strysomethingdifferent.HowabouttheCatHouse?M:Goodidea.Iknowthatmanypeoplehavewrittenpositivereviewsaboutthatrestaurant,butit’sabitexpensive.W:Oh,wait!Somereviewssayit’salwaysfullofyoungkids.Theyplaywiththecatsintherestaurant.Itmustbeverynoisy.Idon’tthinkit’sagoodchoice.M:Then,howabouttheLotusrestaurant?It’samodernlydecoratedplacewithgoodFrenchfood.WhatimpressedmemostlasttimeIwastherewasitsliveband,butasforthenoise...W:Aliveband?Cool!Let’sgothere.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whatdidthewomanjustdo?A.Sherushedforthetrain. B.Shegotoffthetrain. C.Shecamebackfromtown.11.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Hercoatwaslost. B.Herphonewasstolen. C.Hersportsshoesaredirty.12.Whichwordcanbestdescribethewoman?A.Disorganized. B.Reliable. C.Sporty.【答案】10.A11.C12.A【解析】【原文】W:Ohmygoodness...I’vejustmadeit!Foronce,thetrainwasontime!M:Youdidhavetorunprettyfast.Isawyoufromwaybackthere,andIwasworriedI’dhavetogointotownonmyown!W:Everythingwentwrong.Icouldn’tfindmymobilephoneandthenoneoftheheelsofmyblackshoesbrokeoff.That’swhyI’mwearingmysportsshoes.Ididn’twantto,becausethey’rereallydirty.Ididn’thavetimetocleanthemaftermylastrun.Andtheydon’tmatchmycoatatall.M:Well,atleastyouwereabletorunfast!W:That’strue!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whatistheman’sworklike?A.Tiring. B.Relaxing. C.Boring.14.Whatisthemostchallengingtotheman?A.Dealingwithuniqueanimals. B.Treatinginjuredlions. C.Lookingafterbabyanimals.15Whatisthewoman?A.Azookeeper. B.Areporter. C.Astudent.16.Whatistheman’sadvicetothewoman?A.Togetahigherdegree. B.Toreceivesometraining. C.Toraiseapet.【答案】13.A14.A15.C16.B【解析】【原文】W:Andy,asaworkerinalargezoo,whatisatypicaldayforyoulike?M:Basically,I’monthegoallday.Yesterday,Istartedoffbycheckingababycamel.ThenIwenttoseealion.W:Whatdidyoufind?M:Whatworriesmeisthatthelion’sinjuredbackshouldhavegotbetterbutithasn’t.Thelionisstillinpain.Youknow,aninjuredlionisdangerous.W:Whatdoyouthinkofyourjob?M:Ilovethisjob,butsometimesit’sdifficult.Performinganoperationonhugeanimalslikeelephantsisprettydemanding,butwhatIfindthemostchallengingisworkingwithspeciesthatarereallyunique.W:IfIwanttoworkinthisarea,whatshouldIdo?M:Today,youcollegestudentsarefacingatotallydifferenttime.Whenyoufinishyourzoologydegree,you’requalifiedtotreatpets,butyouhavetodospecializedtraining.Goodluckinyourfuturecareer!W:OK.Thanksforyourguidance!聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Coolingfans. B.Airconditioning. C.Roomdesign.18.Whichcountrymighthaveinventedthefirstcoolingdevice?A.Egypt. B.Rome. C.China.19.Whichcoolingmethodhasthelongesthistory?A.Wetplants. B.Coldwater. C.Handfans.20.Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Aradioprogramme. B.Aculturemagazine. C.Ahistorybook.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Thedesiretostaycoolis,ofcourse,nothingnew.TheancientEgyptiansandRomansemployedvarioustechniquestocooldowntheirbuildingsfromtheoutsideheat.SomepeoplehaveevenclaimedthatthefirstairconditioningdevicewasinventedinancientEgypt.TheancientEgyptianswouldhangwetplantsoutsidetheirwindows,andwhentheaircameintothehouse,itwouldbecooledbythecoolwaterdropsontheplants.TheRomansunderstoodthatiftheycouldbringcoldwaterundertheirhouses,thenthetemperatureinsidewouldfall.Andifwereallystretchthemeaningofthephrase“airconditioning”,thenhandfanshavebeenusedsincetheverybeginningofthehistory.Peoplerealizedthattheycouldmoveairbywavingsomethinganditwouldcoolthemdownforawhile.TheChineseinventorDingHuanwentastepfurtherinthesecondcenturyandinventedafanthatcouldgoaround,similartofanswemightseetoday,althoughitwaspoweredbyservants.That’sallfortoday.Pleasestaytunedformoreupdates.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AEverfindyourselfwonderingwhatitmightbeliketoliveinsomeofTV'smostfamoushomes?Famoushomescanbeepartofthereasonyoufallinlovewithaseries,soherearesomeofourfavorites.BigLittleLies:Madeline’shouseByfarthemostbeautifulbeachnestintheseriesisMadeline'shouse,whichisactuallylocatedinMalibu.Therealhouseboastssevenbedrooms,eightbathrooms,andabalconysurroundedbywallsprovidingsomeunrealoceanviews.Thehouseissaidtohaveitsfairshareofcelebritygueststoo.It'snowonderwhy!ModernFamily:Jay’shouseThetwostorycontemporaryhomeisburstingwithboldcolorsandanimalprints,withmanyguessingthatthedecorationchannelsGloria'sstrongpersonality.Butit'sthebackyardthatmakesthehousesoappealing.Thehugepoolthat'sfrequentlyspottedinvariousepisodesisastrongreminderthatweneedtomovetodestinationwithmoresunshineonoffer.AmericanHorrorStory:TheCovenhouseAlthoughtakenoverbywitchesintheseriesandcalled“MissRobichaux'sAcademyforExceptionalYoungLadies”,theeleganthouseisactuallycalledBucknerMansion.Thefamoushomeispletewithtallceilings,impressivechandeliers,andstairsthatgoonforever.Youcan'tactuallyvisitthemansion,butyoucanstrollbyit.TheSopranos:Tony'shouseThespaciousNewJerseyhomehasahugediningarea,fourbedrooms,anoutsidepool,andthatfamouscurveddrivewayfeaturedintheopeningcredits.It'snowonderthefamoushousehasjustgoneonthemarketfor3.4million!Researchshowsthatthemansionmayhavemorethandoubledinvaluesincetheshow.It'sstillonthemarketsoyoutoocouldlivelikeaTVstar!21.WhatcanwelearnaboutMadeline’shouse?AIthasahugediningarea. B.Itisathreestorybeachhouse.C.Itisoftenvisitedbycelebrities. D.Itboastsauthenticoceanviews.22.WhatmakesJay’shouseattractivetotheaudience?A.Itsboldcolors. B.Itsbackyard. C.Thehugepool. D.Gloria'spersonality.23.Whichhousehasbeenputupforsale?A.Madeline'shouse. B.Jay'shouse. C.TheCovenhouse. D.Tony'shouse.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。介紹了一些電視上最著名的房子的信息?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由BigLittleLies:Madeline’shouse項下“Thehouseissaidtohaveitsfairshareofcelebritygueststoo.”（據(jù)說這所房子也有不少名人客人）可知，Madeline的房子有很多名人訪客，故選C項?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由ModernFamily:Jay’shouse項下“Butit’sthebackyardthatmakesthehousesoappealing.”（但正是后院讓這所房子如此吸引人。）可知，這所房子吸引人的地方是后院，故選B項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由TheSopranos:Tony’shouse項下“It’snowonderthefamoushousehasjustgoneonthemarketfor3.4million!”（難怪這座著名的房子剛剛以340萬的價格上市出售?。┛芍琓ony的房子在市場出售中，故選D項。BLiuShuqibrokeupwithherboyfriendtwomonthsagoandhasnowfoundanewpanion.Thehandsome“man”isdressedinawhitesuitwithastylishhaircut.Heunderstandsheremotionsandfeelingsperfectlyandgivesherfort,encouragementandsupport.“HeisveryhumorousandofferssomefortwhenIaminabadmood,”the26yearoldbankemployeesaid.Theonlyproblemisheisavirtualbeingandnotarealboyfriend.Liuisnotaloneinherchoiceofpanion.Inadigitalerawherepeopleareheavilyreliantontheirsmartdevices,manyofthosewholivealoneincreasinglyturntothevirtualfieldtoseekpanions.Theartificialintelligencepowereddigitalhumans,whoaresimilartorealhumansinappearanceandbehavior,arecapableofproviding24houronlinepanionship,humanlikeconversationandemotionalsupport.Theywilllikelybeeanessentialpartofpeople’sdailylives,industryexpertssaid.LinKaikaiandYeYouyou,twopanionorientedvirtualbeings,wererecentlylaunchedbyChinesetechgiantBaiduInc.PoweredbyBaidu’sPlato,anAImodelfordialoguegenerationthatistrainedonover10billionparameterscollectedfromsocialmediaconversationsinbothEnglishandChinese,thetwodigitalhumanshaveasmooth,morehumanlikeinteraction.Forinstance,theycanparticipateinconversationsthroughvariousformssuchastexts,voiceandemojis.Theyoffercustomizedwakeupcallservicesandlearnaboutthepreferencesoftheirusers,mainlythroughincreasedfrequencyofchatsandinteractions,Baidusaid.Othertechpanieshavealsojumpedonthepanionorientedvirtualbeingtrend.XiaoiceisanAIpoweredchatbotthatseemstoredefinetheconceptionsofromanceandrelationshipsamongyoungChinese.Ithashelpedtofortlonelyheartsthroughmorethan17millionvirtual“girlfriends”and“boyfriends”inChina.“Theriseofdigitalhumansthatserveasemotionalpanionsisaresultoftechnologicalinnovation,suchastheimprovementinappearance,functionsandinteractiveexperienceofdigitalhumans,fueledbytheenhanceddeeplearningcapacitiesbasedonmassiveuserdata,”saidChenDuan,directoroftheDigitalEconomyIntegrationInnovationDevelopmentCenterattheCentralUniversityofFinanceandEconomics.Asetofproblemsthoughhavealsoemerged.Theyincludeethics,morals,datasecurityandpersonalprivacyprotectionintheindustry,Chensaid,whilecallingforeffortstoformulaterelevantlawsandregulationsontheownershipofdigitalcharactersandstandardizingtheirbehaviors.24.WhatisLiu’newpanionlikeaccordingtoLiuShuqiherself?A.Handsomeandstylish B.HumorousandhelpfulC.Perfectandsupportive D.Cleverandunderstanding25.Whyaremanysolitarypeopleturningtovirtualpanionsnow?A.Becausevirtualpanionslookverylikerealhumans.B.Becausevirtualpanionscanofferawholedayonlinepanionship.C.Becausethesepeoplerelyontheirdigitaldevicesheavily.D.Becausethesepeopleneedemotionalsupportverymuch.26.Whichofthefollowingmaynotbeawayforvirtualpanionstotakepartinaconversation?A.Texts B.emojis C.voice D.eyecontact27.WhatmeasuresshouldbetakentosolvetheproblemsalongwiththeboomingofvirtualpanionsaccordingtoChenDuan?A.Makingrelativerulesandlaws. B.Regularizethebehaviorsofvirtualpanions.C.Stopproducingvirtualpanions. D.BothAandB.【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如今虛擬伴侶流行的現(xiàn)象，分析了背后的原因以及業(yè)內(nèi)專家表示，它們可能會成為人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪胁豢苫蛉钡囊徊糠?。且其他科技公司也加入了以伴侶為導向的虛擬存在趨勢。【24題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Heunderstandsheremotionsandfeelingsperfectlyandgivesherfort,encouragementandsupport.“HeisveryhumorousandofferssomefortwhenIaminabadmood,”the26yearoldbankemployeesaid.(他完全理解她的情緒和感受，給她安慰、鼓勵和支持。這位26歲的銀行職員說：“他很幽默，在我心情不好的時候給我一些安慰?！?”可知，劉的新伴侶幽默且對她有幫助。故選B?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inadigitalerawherepeopleareheavilyreliantontheirsmartdevices,manyofthosewholivealoneincreasinglyturntothevirtualfieldtoseekpanions.(在一個人們嚴重依賴智能設備的數(shù)字時代，許多獨居者越來越多地轉(zhuǎn)向虛擬領域?qū)ふ野閭H)”可知，許多孤獨的人現(xiàn)在轉(zhuǎn)向虛擬伴侶是因為這些人嚴重依賴他們的數(shù)字設備。故選C?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Forinstance,theycanparticipateinconversationsthroughvariousformssuchastexts,voiceandemojis.(例如，他們可以通過文本、語音和表情符號等各種形式參與對話)”可知，眼神交流不是虛擬同伴參與對話的方式。故選D?！?7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theyincludeethics,morals,datasecurityandpersonalprivacyprotectionintheindustry,Chensaid,whilecallingforeffortstoformulaterelevantlawsandregulationsontheownershipofdigitalcharactersandstandardizingtheirbehaviors.(陳說，這些問題包括行業(yè)的倫理、道德、數(shù)據(jù)安全和個人隱私保護，同時呼吁努力制定有關數(shù)字人物所有權(quán)的相關法律法規(guī)，規(guī)范他們的行為)”可知，隨著虛擬伴侶的蓬勃發(fā)展，應該制定相關法規(guī)和規(guī)范虛擬同伴的行為。故選D。CEducatorsandbusinessleadershavemoreinmonthanitmayseem.Teacherswanttopreparestudentsforasuccessfulfuture.Technologypanies,likeAT&T,haveaninterestindevelopingaworkforcewiththeSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)skillsneededtogrowthepanyandadvancetheindustry.Howcantheyworktogethertoachievethesegoals?Playmaybetheanswer.FocusingonSTEMskillsisimportantbuttherealityisthatSTEMskillsareenhancedandmorerelevantwhenbinedwithtraditional,handsoncreativeactivities.Thisbinationisprovingtobethebestwaytopreparetoday’schildrentobethemakersandbuildersoftomorrow.Thatiswhytechnologypaniesarepartneringwitheducatorstobringbackgood,oldfashionplay.Infactmanyexpertsarguethatthemostimportant21stcenturyskillsaren’trelatedtospecifictechnologiesorsubjectmatter,buttocreativity;skillslikeimagination,problemfindingandproblemsolving,teamwork,optimism,patienceandtheabilitytoexperimentandtakerisks.Theseareskillsacquiredwhenkidstinker(搗鼓小玩意).HightechindustriessuchasNASA’sJetPropulsionLaboratoryhavefoundthattheirbestoverallproblemsolversweremastertinkerersintheiryouth.Therearecognitivebenefitsofdoingthingsthewaywedidaschildren—buildingsomething,tearingitdown,thenbuildingitupagain.Researchshowsthatgiven15minutesoffreeplay,fourandfiveyearoldswillspendathirdofthistimeengagedinspatial,mathematical,andarchitecturalactivities.Thistypeofplay—especiallywithbuildingblocks—helpschildrendiscoveranddevelopkeyprinciplesinmathandgeometry.Ifplayandbuildingarecriticalto21stcenturyskilldevelopment,thenthat’sreallygoodnewsfortworeasons:Childrenarebornbuilders,makers,andcreators,sofostering(培養(yǎng))21stcenturyskillsmaybeassimpleasgivingkidsroomtoplay,tinkerandtrythingsout,evenastheygrowolder;andthesecondpieceofgoodnewsisthatitdoesn’ttake21stcenturytechnologytofoster21stcenturyskills.Thisisespeciallyimportantforunderresourcedschoolsandmunities.Takingwhatevermaterialsarehandyandtinkeringwiththemisasimplewaytoengagethoseimportant“maker”skills.Andanyone,anywhere,candoit.28.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouteducators?A.Theyseekadvicefromtechnologypaniestoachieveteachinggoals.B.Theyhavebeensuccessfulinpreparingtheworkforceforpanies.C.Theyhelpstudentsacquiretheskillsneededfortheirfuturesuccess.D.Theypartnerwithtechnologypaniestoenhanceteachingefficiency.29.Howcaneducatorsbetterdevelopstudents’STEMskills,accordingtotheauthor?A.Byblendingthemwithtraditional,stimulatingactivities.B.Byinvitingbusinessleaderstohelpdesigncurriculums.C.Byenhancingstudents’abilitytothinkinacriticalway.D.Byshowingstudentsthebestwaytolearnisthroughplay.30.Howdochildrenacquiretheskillsneededforthe21stcentury?A.Byengaginginactivitiesinvolvingspecifictechnologies.B.Byplayingwiththingstosolveproblemsontheirown.C.Byfamiliarizingthemselveswithhightechgadgets.D.Bymasteringbasicprinciplesthroughteamwork.31.Whatdoestheauthoradvisedisadvantagedschoolsandmunitiestodo?A.Trainstudentstobemakerstomeetfuturemarketdemands.B.Developstudents’creativeskillswiththeresourcesavailable.C.Engagestudentswithchallengingtaskstofostertheircreativity.D.Worktogetherwithpaniestoimprovetheirteachingfacilities.【答案】28.C29.A30.B31.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。隨著科技公司對具有STEM(科學、技術、工程和數(shù)學)技能的員工的需求的增加，傳統(tǒng)的動手游戲重新流行起來，STEM技能與傳統(tǒng)的、動手的創(chuàng)造性活動相結(jié)合，是令今天的孩子成為明天的創(chuàng)造者和建設者的最佳方式?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Teacherswanttopreparestudentsforasuccessfulfuture.(老師們想讓學生們?yōu)槌晒Φ奈磥碜龊脺蕚?”可知，教育者幫助學生獲得未來成功所需的技能。故選C項?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“FocusingonSTEMskillsisimportant,buttherealityisthatSTEMskillsareenhancedandmorerelevantwhenbinedwithtraditional,handsoncreativeactivities.Thisbinationisprovingtobethebestwaytopreparetoday’schildrentobethemakersandbuildersoftomorrow.(專注于STEM技能很重要，但現(xiàn)實情況是，STEM技能與傳統(tǒng)的、動手的創(chuàng)造性活動相結(jié)合，會得到增強，更具相關性。事實證明，這種結(jié)合是讓今天的孩子成為明天的創(chuàng)造者和建設者的最佳方式)”可知，作者認為通過將它們與傳統(tǒng)的、刺激的活動相結(jié)合時教育者能更好的培養(yǎng)學生的STEM能力。故選A項?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Infactmanyexpertsarguethatthemostimportant21stcenturyskillsaren’trelatedtospecifictechnologiesorsubjectmatter,buttocreativity,skillslikeimagination,problemfindingandproblemsolving,teamwork,optimism,patienceandtheabilitytoexperimentandtakerisks.Theseareskillsacquiredwhenkidstinker(鼓搗小玩意).(事實上，許多專家認為，21世紀最重要的技能與特定的技術或主題無關，而是與創(chuàng)造力、想象力、發(fā)現(xiàn)問題和解決問題、團隊合作、樂觀、耐心以及實驗和冒險的能力等技能有關。這些都是孩子們在動手時習得的技能)”可知，孩子們鼓搗小玩意時獲得創(chuàng)造力、想象力、發(fā)現(xiàn)問題和解決問題、團隊合作、樂觀、耐心以及實驗和冒險的能力。故選B項。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“andthesecondpieceofgoodnewsisthatitdoesn’ttake21stcenturytechnologytofoster21stcenturyskills.Thisisespeciallyimportantforunderresourcedschoolsandmunities.Takingwhatevermaterialsarehandyandtinkeringwiththemisasimplewaytoengagethoseimportant‘maker’skills.Andanyone,anywhere,candoit.(第二個好消息是，培養(yǎng)21世紀的技能并不需要21世紀的技術。這對資源不足的學校和社區(qū)尤其重要。使用任何手邊的材料并對其進行修補是一種使用這些重要的‘制造者’技能的簡單方法。任何人在任何地方都可以做到。)”可知，對于弱勢學校和社區(qū)，讓孩子們使用手邊的任何材料是把孩子們培養(yǎng)成為21世紀的“制造者”的最簡單的方法，故選A項。DDogsgreetotherdogsnosefirst,asitwere—sniffingeachotherfromforeto(especially)aft.Peoplearenotquitesoopenabouttheprocessofsniffingeachotherout.Butthesizeoftheperfumeindustrysuggestsscentisimportantinhumanrelations,too.Thereisalsoevidencethathumanbeingscaninferkinship(親戚關系),deduceemotionalstatesandevendetectdiseaseviathesenseofsmell.Now,researchersoftheWeizmannInstituteofScienceinIsrael,havegoneastepfurther.Theythinktheyhaveshown,admittedlyinafairlysmallsampleofindividuals,thatfriendsactuallysmellalike.Theyhavealsoshownthatthisisprobablythecasefromthebeginning,withpeoplepickingfriendsatleastpartlyonthebasisofbodyodour(氣味),ratherthanthebodyodoursofpeoplewhobeefriendssubsequentlyconverging(趨同).Theystatedtheirresearchbytestingtheodoursof20pairsofestablishednonromantic,samesexfriends.Theydidthisusinganelectronicnoseandalsotwogroupsofspeciallyemployedhuman“smellers.”TheenoseemployedasetofgassensorstoassessTshirtswornbyparticipants.Onegroupofhumansmellersweregivenpairsoftheseshirtsandaskedtoratehowsimilartheysmelt.ThoseintheothergroupwereaskedtoratetheodoursofindividualTshirtsonfivesubjectivedimensions:pleasantness,intensity,attractiveness,petenceandwarmth.Allthreeapproachesyieldedthesameresult.TheTshirtsoffriendssmeltmoresimilartoeachotherthantheTshirtsofstrangers.Friends,inotherwords,doindeedsmellalike.Whyscentmightplayaroleinformingfriendshipsremainsobscure.Otherqualitiesrelatedwithbeingfriends,includingage,appearance,education,religionandrace,areeitherimmediatelyobviousorrapidlybeeso.Butwhilesomeindividualshavestrongandnoticeablebodyodour,many—atleastsincetheuseofsoaphasbeewidespread—donot.Itispresent.Butitissubconscious.32.WhyaredogsandtheperfumeindustrymentionedinParagraph1?A.Tolistsomeexamples. B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Tomakeaparison. D.Toproviderelevantevidence.33.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A.Thebodyodouristhebeginningoffriendship.B.Peoplestarttosmellalikeafterbeingfriends.C.Manypeopleareinvolvedastheresearchsamples.D.Odourmatchingmaybeareasonforbeingfriends.34.Howdidtheresearchersconducttheexperiment?A.Bytryingtoyieldthesameresultwiththreeapproaches.B.Bytestingtheodoursof20nonromanticfriendsofthesamesex.C.ByaskingeachgrouptoratetheodoursofTshirtsonfivedimensions.D.ByemployingenoseandhumansmellerstoassesstheodoursofTshirts.35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obscure”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Unclear. B.Important. C.Obvious. D.Subjective.【答案】32.B33.D34.D35.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了一個科學發(fā)現(xiàn)：氣味可能在友誼的形成過程中起作用?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Dogsgreetotherdogsnosefirst,asitwere—sniffingeachotherfromforeto(especially)aft.

(狗與狗打招呼時先用鼻子，就像從前到后(尤其是)互相嗅對方一樣。)”以及本段中“Thereisalsoevidencethathumanbeingscaninferkinship(親戚關系),deduceemotionalstatesandevendetectdiseaseviathesenseofsmell.(也有證據(jù)表明，人類可以通過嗅覺推斷親屬關系，推斷情緒狀態(tài)，甚至檢測疾病。)”可知，文章開頭以狗狗為例，說明狗狗通過嗅覺來確定對方，由此為了引出文章的主題即人類也可以通過嗅覺推斷親屬或者朋友關系，推斷情緒狀態(tài)。故選B。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Now,researchersoftheWeizmannInstituteofScienceinIsrael,havegoneastepfurther.Theythinktheyhaveshown,admittedlyinafairlysmallsampleofindividuals,thatfriendsactuallysmellalike.

(現(xiàn)在，以色列魏茨曼科學研究所的研究人員又向前邁進了一步。他們認為他們已經(jīng)證明了——誠然，在相當小的個體樣本中——朋友們的氣味實際上是相似的。)”可知，以色列魏茨曼科學研究所的研究人員認為，朋友們的氣味實際上是相似的。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theystatedtheirresearchbytestingtheodoursof20pairsofestablishednonromantic,samesexfriends.Theydidthisusinganelectronicnoseandalsotwogroupsofspeciallyemployedhuman“smellers.”TheenoseemployedasetofgassensorstoassessTshirtswornbyparticipants.

(他們通過測試20對沒有戀愛關系的同性朋友的氣味來陳述他們的研究。他們使用電子鼻和兩組專門雇傭的人類“嗅探員”來做到這一點。電子鼻使用了一套氣體傳感器來評估參與者穿的t恤。)”可知，研究人員通過使用電子鼻和人類嗅覺來評估T恤的氣味，從而進行實驗。故選D。【35題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后面的句子“Otherqualitiesrelatedwithbeingfriends,includingage,appearance,education,religionandrace,areeitherimmediatelyobviousorrapidlybeeso.Butwhilesomeindividualshavestrongandnoticeablebodyodour,many—atleastsincetheuseofsoaphasbeewidespread—donot.Itispresent.Butitissubconscious.(與交朋友有關的其他品質(zhì)，包括年齡、外貌、教育程度、宗教和種族，要么是顯而易見的，要么很快就會顯現(xiàn)出來。但是，雖然有些人有強烈而明顯的體味，但大多數(shù)人——至少自從肥皂的使用變得普遍以來——并沒有。它就在眼前。但這是潛意識的。)”可知，為什么氣味可能在友誼的行程中起作用還不清楚。因此劃線詞obscure的意思為“不清楚”。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ItnowseemslikeyearsagothatSiliconValley’shoodie(連帽衫)culturemademaleexecutives’wardrobesmorecasualacrossmostindustries.Fromfinancialpaniestoinsurancepanies,frominsurerstoautomakers,traditionaldresscodestransformedinto“dressappropriately”.Nowexecutivemeninmoretraditionalofficesarefiguringouthowtodressdownbutstilllookprofessional,andthoseattechfirmsaregrowingupandwonderinghowtodressupbutstilllookcool.“____36____Peopleshouldn’tbeabletopointoutexactlywhyyoulookasgoodasyoudo,”saidNickHart,founderofSpencerHart.____37____ThesneakersSneakershavegonetotallyexclusive,witheyeopeningpricetagstomatch.____38____Soit’smonlyseenthatNetflixCEOReedHastingsandSnapCEOEvanSpiegelhaveshownapreferenceforwearingSalomonsneakers.____39____Ofcourse,greatjeanswithablazerandsmartloafers,ifnotsneakers,isamodernclassiclook.SomehandsomemainbrandsincludetheJBrandKanefitjeans,theAGGraduatefit,andtheFrameL’Homme,saidJacciJayeofWallStreetStylist.Theglasses____40____MicrosoftCEOSatyaNadellaisoftenseeninastrikingpair.Forcolorfulframesthatarenotoverlypriced,youmighttryEyebobs.ThepanyhasnotedthattopexecutiveslikeRevlonchairmanRonPerelmanhavebeenspottedinthem.A.TheloafersB.ThejeansC.Itshouldlookeffortless.D.Manypeopleliketheexpensiveones.E.Ifyouhavetowearglasses,there’snoreasonwhytheycan’taddatouchofstyle.F.Herearesomeitemshighpoweredmenarewearingwhendressingforworkandweekends.G.Someexecutivesevenwillthrowdownmorethan$1,000forapair.【答案】36.C37.F38.G39.B40.E【解析】【導語】本文為應用文。文章主要介紹了