全國2012年7月高等教育自學考試英語國家概況代碼00522試題以及答案

全國2012年7月高等教育自學考試英語國家概況試題課程代碼:00522全部題目用英文作答，請將答案填在答題紙相應位置上I.MultipleChoiceQuestions.(50points,1pointforeach)Directions:Inthispartofthetest,thereare50unfinishedstatementsorquestions.Foreachoftheunfinishedstatementsorquestions,foursuggestedanswers,markedA.B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheonethatyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementoranswersthequestion.WritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceonyourAnswerSheet.1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTageographicalnameofBritain?DP3A.TheUnitedKingdom B.GreatBritainC.England D.TheBritishIsles2.TheRomansremainedincontrolofBritainfornearly___C__years.P18A.600 B.500C.400 D.2003.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutAlfred?DP23A.AlfredtheGreatstartedtheEnglishnavy.B.AlfredtheGreatreorganizedtheSaxonarmy,makingitmoreefficient.C.AlfredtheGreatestablishedschoolsandformulatedalegalsystem.D.AlfredtheGreatimposedatax,calledtheDanegeld,ontheSaxons.4.AftertheGloriousRevolutioncametheAgeofthe___B_,amonarchywithpowerslimitedbyParliament.A.Commonwealth B.ConstitutionalMonarchyC.Englishcolonialexpansion D.HereditaryMonarchy5.AccordingtoMagnaCartanotaxshouldbemadewithouttheapprovalof__B___.A.theHouseofLords B.theKingC.theGrandCouncil D.theHouseofCommons6._C____,adramatistandpoet,isgenerallyregardedasthegreatestwriterintheEnglishlanguage.A.CharlesDickens B.ChristopherMarloweC.WilliamShakespeare D.CharlotteBronte7.AftertheRestoration,BritishParliamentpassedaseriesofseverelawscalledtheClarendonCodeagainstthe_C____,nowknownasNonconformists.P58A.Christians B.ProtestantsC.Puritans D.Catholics8.ElizabethIreignedEngland,WalesandIrelandfor_D____yearsandremainedsingle.P45A.25 B.30C.40 D.459.AftertheWarsoftheRosestheruleof___A__began.A.thePlantagenet B.theYorkistsC.theStuarts D.theTudors10._C____wastheforerunneroftheConservativeParty.P62A.TheLiberalParty B.TheWhigsC.TheTories D.TheLaborParty11.TheFirstWorldWarwasfoughtbetweentwoEuropeanpowerblocs:the“CentralPowers”andthe“Allies”.The“Allies”includethefollowingEXCEPT__D___.A.Britain B.FranceC.Russia D.Austria-Hungary12.In1982,theFalklandIslandsWarbrokeoutbetweenBritainand__A___.A.Argentina B.BrazilC.Peru D.Chile13.WhichofthefollowingaboutUK’smonarchyisNOTtrue?BA.TheUnitedKingdomisaconstitutionalmonarchy.B.ThereisnowrittenconstitutionintheUnitedKingdom.C.TodaytheQueenholdstherealpowerinUK.D.Thecontinuityofthemonarchyhasbeenbrokenonlyonce.14.IntheUnitedKingdom,thepartywhichwinsthesecondlargestnumberofseatintheHouseofCommonsbecomes_____.A.theofficialOpposition B.theleadingpartyC.thepredominantparty D.the“shadowcabinet”15.TheSovereign’scoronationtakesplaceat_A____inLondon.A.WestminsterAbbey B.CanterburyAbbeyC.YorkAbbey D.NorthangerAbbey16.TheC_____ismadeupofstatutelaw,commonlawandconventions.A.BritishConstitution B.AmericanConstitutionC.Commonwealthlaw D.EuropeanCommunitylaw17.ThereisnoMinistryofJusticeintheUnitedKingdom.GeneralresponsibilitylieswiththefollowingEXCEPT__D___.P129A.theLordChancellor B.theHomeSecretaryC.theAttorneyGeneral D.thePrimeMinister18.__B___providesforeveryresident,regardlessofincome,afullrangeofmedicalservices.IthasbecomeavailableinBritainsince1948.A.TheSocialSecurityBenefits B.TheNationalHealthServiceC.TheCivilService D.TheNationalInsuranceFund19.Insummerthereareopen-airtheatres,includingoneinLondon’sRegent’sPark,where_A____areperformed.A.WilliamShakespeare’splays B.ChristopherMarlowe’splaysC.BenJohnson’splays D.GeorgeBernardShaw’splays20.Snookeristhoughttohavebeeninventedby__A___A.SirWinstonChurchill B.SirNevilleChamberlainC.SirCharlieChamberlain D.SirJohnChurchill21.ThelargestoftheracialandethnicminoritiesintheU.S.is___DD__.A.theIndians B.theJapaneseC.theChinese D.theBlacks22.TheplacewhereChristopherColumbuslandedwas_D____.A.India B.theislandsinAsiaC.thecurrentterritoryofAmerica D.theislandsinthenowWestIndies23.Thegreatinternationalinfluenceof__C___isthatthecoloniesinSpanishAmericaroseuponeafteranothertooverthrowSpanishcolonialrule.p241A.theAmericanCivilWarB.theVietnamWarC.theAmericanWarofIndependenceD.theKoreanWar24.Intheearly1850swiththeWestwardMovement,the___C__issuebecameaseriouspoliticalissuebecauseitmighttipthebalanceofpowerintheSenate.P245A.slavery B.immigrationC.territory D.Indian25.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthemaincausefortheAmericangovernmenttodeclarewaronGermanyintheWorldWarI?A.Germanyrefusedtogiveupitssubmarinewarfare.B.GermanytriedtogetMexicointothewaragainsttheUnitedStates.C.GermanypromisedMexicothereturnoflostterritoryofTexas.D.JapanlaunchedthebombingofthePearlHarbor.26.In1932,inthedepthofthedepression,theAmericanpeoplechose_B____astheirnextpresidentwhopromiseda“newdeal”togetAmericaoutofthedepression.A.TheodoreRoosevelt B.FranklinD.RooseveltC.WoodrowWilson D.HerbertC.Hoover27.IntheSecondWorldWarAmericandiplomacylargelywasAmericandiplomacytowards__C___.P262A.GermanyandItaly B.GermanyandJapanC.BritainandtheSovietUnion D.BritainandFrance28.TherealpurposeoftheMarshalPlanis___D__.P267A.topreventGreeceandTurkeyfromfallingintothehandsoftheSovietUnionB.tosupportanycountrywhichsaiditwasfightingagainstCommunismC.tohelpWesternEuroperecoverfromtheGreatDepressionD.topreventWesternEuropefrompossibleSovietexpansion29._D____wasafull-scale,anti-CommunisthysteriaintheUnitedStatesinthe1950s.P270A.FreeSpeechMovement B.TheProgressiveMovementC.TheCivilRightsMovement D.McCarthyism30.WhichwarturnedouttobethelongestwartheU.S.fought?DA.TheKoreanWar B.TheWorldWarIIC.TheWorldWarI D.TheVietnamWar31.AftertheVietnamWar,thecontradictionbetweenCongressandtheExecutiveresultedinthepassageof__D____.A.theSmithAct B.theWarPowerActC.theCivilRightsAct D.theVotingRightsAct32.OnApril301789,GeorgeWashingtontooktheoathofofficein_A_____whichhousedthefirstAmericangovernment.A.NewYork B.WashingtonC.Philadelphia D.Boston33.TheAmericanpolicytowardstheSovietUnionaftertheSecondWorldWarwasB______.A.cooperation B.neutralityC.containment D.impartiality34.ThewritersoftheConstitutionworkedout__D____inordertopreventthegovernmentfrommisusingitspower.A.theDeclarationofIndependence B.theBillofRightsC.the“winner-take-all”system D.checksandbalances35.ThepresidentialtermintheU.S.isfouryearsbeginningon___A___.A.November20 B.November12C.January12 D.January2036.OnIndependenceDay,somepeoplebringtheirchildrentovisitthebirthplaceofthenation——_C_______P355A.WashingtonD.C. B.NewYorkCityC.Philadelphia D.Boston37.AccordingtotheU.SNews&WorldReportandotherjournals’evaluation,D______onthewestcoastarethebestresearchuniversities.P322A.HarvardandYale B.PrincetonandColumbiaC.CaliforniaandMIT D.StanfordandBerkley38.___A__isthelargestsinglesourceofgoodsimportedbytheUnitedStates.A.Canada B.AustraliaC.Asia D.LatinAmerica39.TheodoreDreiserwastheliteraryrepresentativeofAmerican__D____.P338A.Romanticists B.TranscendentalistsC.Modernists D.Naturalists40._____wasthefirstAmericanwriterwhogainedinternationalfame.A.WashingtonIrving B.BenjaminFranklinC.NathanielHawthorne D.MarkTwain41.ThemostsignificantfeatureofIrishlandscapeis_A_____.A.lakes B.bogsC.lowridges D.rivers42.WhowasthefirstEnglishkingtobringallIrelandunderEnglishcontrol?CA.HenryII B.HenryIIIC.HenryVIII D.JamesII43.FromeasttowesttenprovincesandtwoterritoriesinCanadacanbedividedinto__C____geographicalregions.A.four B.fiveC.six D.seven44.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthePrairieProvincesinCanada?BP367A.Manitoba B.BritishColumbiaC.Saskatchewan D.Alberta45.Itwas___D__whoestablishedthefirstFrenchsettlementinQuebecCityin1608.P369A.HenryHudson B.JohnCabotC.JacquesCartier D.SamueldeChamplain46.AlthoughAustraliahasalargearea,___B__ofthecontinentishotanddry.P420A.onethird B.twothirdsC.half D.morethanhalf47._C____isfamousforitsartfestival.A.Sydney B.MelbourneC.Adelaide D.Brisbane48.WhichofthefollowingstatesinAustraliaisknownasthegardenstate?DP426A.Queensland B.NewSouthWalesC.Tasmania D.Victoria49.ThefirstEuropeantovisitNewZealandwas___D___.A.AbelTasman B.CaptainJamesCookC.ChristopherColumbus D.AmerigoVespucci50.The__A_____isanationalsymbolinNewZealand.A.kiwi B.nativeowlC.tuatara D.lizardII.AnswertheQuestions.(30points,3pointsforeach)Directions:Giveaone-sentenceanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.WriteyouranswersinthecorrespondingspaceontheAnswerSheet.51.WhatisthedifferencebetweentheancestorsoftheEnglishandScots,WelshandIrish?52.WhatwastheimpactoftheWarsoftheRosesonfeudalisminEngland?p42答:FromthesewarsfeudalismreceiveditsdeathblowWhatisthemainfunctionoftheHouseofLords?p111答：Thefunctionsofthebritishparliamentarelawmaking,authorizingtaxationandpublicexpenditure,andexaminingtheactionsofthegovernment.Whatarethemajorracialandethnicminoritiesint