高考詞匯專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：形容詞、副詞

形容詞、副詞（知識(shí)單）備課人：姚朝鋒命題解讀命題規(guī)律題型2016課標(biāo)12015課標(biāo)12014課標(biāo)1考法說明形容詞副詞形容詞、副詞詞的的的基本用法2.形容詞、副詞比較級最高級的構(gòu)成規(guī)則及用法3.形容詞、副詞構(gòu)詞法4常用易混形容詞、副詞用法語法填空officially(official)(afewhours)before/earlier.regularly(regular)actually(actual)cleaner（chean）1.高考語法填空，短文改錯(cuò)對于形容詞、副詞的考查主要集中在形容詞、副詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)換2.區(qū)別常用易混形容詞、副詞用法（如：many與much，somewhere與everywhere，before與ago）短文改錯(cuò)steady→steadilyseriously→seriousMuch→Manybefore→agosomewhere→everywheretaste→tastywonderfully→wonderful主要考查形容詞、副詞比較級變化規(guī)則，形容詞構(gòu)詞法（taste→tasty）以及形容詞、副詞的句法功能.???1.對形容詞和副詞比較等級的考查形式可能不會(huì)出現(xiàn)諸如than等標(biāo)志詞，而是根據(jù)上下文語境進(jìn)行判斷。2.形容詞、副詞構(gòu)詞法的仍會(huì)是考查的重點(diǎn)。知識(shí)清單（*）形容詞、副詞的基本用法形容詞副詞（***）形容詞、副詞比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成規(guī)則形容詞副詞(***)形容詞構(gòu)詞法（***）形容詞＋ly構(gòu)成副詞規(guī)則平級比較：①as+原級+as…(和……一樣)HegetsupasearlyasI.他和我起得一樣早。②notas+原級+as…(不如……)Hedoesn’tgetupasearlyasI.他不如我起得早。2.比較級：=1\*GB3①比較級+than…(比…更…)Hegetsupearlierthananyoneelseinhisclasses.=2\*GB3②the+比較級+of…(兩者中更…的)普Heisthetallerofthetwoboys.通=3\*GB3③no+比較級+than（兩者同樣不…）句Heisnotallerthanhisbrother.(他和他弟弟一樣不高)式=4\*GB3④其他比較句式：beseniorto=beolderthanbejuniorto=beyoungerthan.besuperiorto=bebetterthanbeinferiorto=beworsethan3.最高級LiMingisthemosthard-workingstudentinhisclass.Ofallthesubjects,Ilikeartbest.形=1\*GB3①more…than…:Heismoreawriterthanateacher.固與其說他是老師還不如說他是作家容定=2\*GB3②否定式+比較級：Icouldn’tagreemorewiththewriter.句我非常同意作家的觀點(diǎn)。詞式=3\*GB3③the+比較級,the+比較級：Theharderyouwork,thebetterresultsyou’llget.你學(xué)習(xí)越努力你成績就越好。=4\*GB3④比較級+比較級：Wearebecomingricherandricher.我們變得越來越富裕。倍數(shù)+as…as…副倍數(shù)+比較級+than倍數(shù)+the+名詞+of倍數(shù)+what從句詞倍倍數(shù)+that/thoseof…比數(shù)例:Ataroughestimate,NigeriaisthreetimesasbigasGreatBritain.=Ataroughestimate,NigeriaisthreetimesthesizeofGreatBritain.(粗略估計(jì)，尼日利亞的面積是大不列顛的三倍。)較表Theoutputofthisyearisthreetimeswhatitwasin2015等達(dá)=Theoutputofthisyearisthreetimesthatofin2015.級（今年的產(chǎn)量是2015年的三倍）Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproducedtwiceasmanycarsin2015astheyearbefore.(新技術(shù)被引進(jìn)后，這家工廠2015年生產(chǎn)的小汽車數(shù)量是一年前的兩倍)固定短語：moreorless差不多，幾乎；what’smore更有甚者；lessthan少于；morethan多于；nomorethan僅僅；notmorethan之多，不多于。考點(diǎn)清單考點(diǎn)一：形容詞形容詞的基本用法=1\*GB3①Thesearevaluablesuggestions.(作前置定語)=2\*GB3②Hissuggestionsareveryvaluable.(作表語)=3\*GB3③Iconsiderhissuggestionsveryvaluable.(作賓補(bǔ))=4\*GB3④Thisisabooksuitableforchildren.(作后置定語)=5\*GB3⑤Heisthehappiestpersonalive.(表語形容詞作后置定語)=6\*GB3⑥D(zhuǎn)oyouhaveanythingimportanttotellme?(形容詞修飾不定代詞作定語后置)=7\*GB3⑦Hereturnedhome,safeandsound.他回到了家，安然無恙(形容詞作狀語)=8\*GB3⑧Heisstandingthere,fulloffear.他站在那里，充滿了恐懼。(形容詞短語作狀語)副詞的基本用法副詞用來作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其它副詞或整個(gè)句子。其位置一般為：=1\*GB3①在行為動(dòng)詞前或后；=2\*GB3②在所修飾的形容詞、副詞或句子之前；=3\*GB3③enough放在所修飾的形容詞或副詞的后面；=4\*GB3④頻度副詞放在be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，行為動(dòng)詞之前。=1\*GB3①Hestudiesveryhard.(副詞very修飾hard，副詞hard修飾動(dòng)詞studies)=2\*GB3②Sheisaverysmartgirl(副詞修飾形容詞)=3\*GB3③Fortunately,hisstepmotherwaskindtohim.(副詞修飾整個(gè)句子)考點(diǎn)二形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成規(guī)則形容詞的比較級和最高級構(gòu)成規(guī)則構(gòu)成原級比較級最高級一般加-er和-eststrongstrongerstrongest以字母e結(jié)尾只加-r和-stlatelaterlatest以一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫該輔音字母再加-er和-esthotthinhotterthinnerhottestthinnest以“輔音字母+y”的，將y變?yōu)閕，再加-er和-estangryuglyearlyangrieruglierearlierangriestugliestearliest其它雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞在其前面加more和mostenthusiasticmoreenthusiasticmostenthusiastic注意：1、詞尾為“元音字母+y”時(shí)，直接加er和est。如：grey-greyer-greyest少數(shù)幾個(gè)雙音節(jié)詞以及以er或le結(jié)尾的詞，可以有兩種比較級和最高級形式。common--commoner/morecommon—commonest/mostcommonclever—cleverer/moreclever—cleverest/mostcleversimple—simpler/moresimple—simplest/mostsimple3、在原級形容詞前加less,least稱為“較低級”與“最低級”。kind—lesskind—leastkind,useful—lessuseful—leastuseful4、一些復(fù)合形容詞的比較等級：well-known—better-known—best-known5、有些形容詞沒有程度可分或形容詞本身就表示某種程度，因此沒有比較級和最高級。如：right正確的，wrong錯(cuò)誤的，excellent最好的，final最后的，last最后的，possible可能的，first第一的，east東方的，empty空的，wooden木制的，impossible不可能的。副的比較級和最高級構(gòu)成規(guī)則（規(guī)則變化與形容詞比較級和最高級的變化規(guī)則相同）原級比較級最高級wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther(指距離)further（指距離和抽象概念）farthset(指距離)furthest（指距離和抽象概念）考點(diǎn)三構(gòu)成形容詞的常見后綴名詞+ysun—sunnywindwindyfunfunnyfogfoggyflowerfloweryrainrainy2.動(dòng)詞+ableadviseadvisablecomfortcomfortable3.名詞+alnationnationaleducationeducationalnaturenaturaladditionadditional4.名詞+enwoodwoodengoldgolden5.動(dòng)詞+entdifferdifferentinsistinsistent6.名詞+ishfoolfoolishselfselfishboyboyishchildchildish7.動(dòng)詞+iveactactiveimpressimpressive8.名詞+fulpowerpowerfulpeacepeacefulbeautybeautifulfaithfaithfulshameshamefulthankthankful9.名詞+ousdangerdangerouscouragecourageousfamefamousenvyenvious10.名詞+lyfriendfriendlyorderorderlytimetimelymonthmonthlyyearyearlydaydaily形容詞+ly構(gòu)成副詞的規(guī)則情況構(gòu)成例詞一般情況+lyquickquicklybravebravelyimmediateimmediately輔音字母+y結(jié)尾將y變?yōu)閕再加lyeasyeasilyhappyhappilyheavyheavilybusybusilyle結(jié)尾去e加ysimplesimplygentlegently元音字母加e結(jié)尾去e加lytruetrulyll結(jié)尾只加yfullfullydulldullyic結(jié)尾加allybasicbasicallyscientificscientifically形容詞、副詞（練習(xí)單）備課人：姚朝鋒一.短文改錯(cuò)1.Icouldnotstaycalmlyandshoutedrudelyathim.(2016福建)2.WhenIwasakid,myfriendLizbecameverysicker.(2016河南)3.AlthoughIwaslaterforschooltoday,IfeltveryproudofwhatIhavedone.4.Ifullyunderstandwhywearenotcomfortableaboutit,butthere’snoneedtofeeltooshyly.(2016湖北)5.Tomygreatlyrelief,hebroughttextbookswithhimandhelpedmewithmylessons.(2016浙江). 6.Anyway,I‘mgreatgratefultoyouforyourkindinvitation.(2016山東)7.Shetreatshimsogood.(2016福建)8.Oneofourfriendsdecidedtobuyallofusicecreamandintherestaurant,wescreamedcrazy.(2016江西)9.Now,IdaresayIcanuseitskillful.(2016全國名校百校聯(lián)考)10.EarlyonemorninginApril,2014,itwasraininghardly.(2016河北)11.What’smore,theteachingconditionsherearemanybetterthanthoseinSichuan((2016河北百校聯(lián)考)12.Shewassilenceforamoment.(2015河南豫南)13.“NeitherdidI,”saidMothercareful.(2015山東菏澤)14.Becauseoflackofpracticeandplayingskills,Ididitverybadinthebeginningandwasoftenlaughedatbyotherstudents.(2014河南豫東豫北聯(lián)考)15.ItwasextremecoldlastMondaymorning.(2016河南焦作)16.Iranoverquicktohelpherupandaskedherwhatwaswrongwithher.(2016湖北)17.Instead,hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady.(2016全國I)18.Itdoesnotcostmany,yetwecanstilllearnalot.(2016全國II)19.Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.(2016全國)20.ThedisheswhatIcookedwereMom’sfavoritest.(2016四川)21.Itwasbothexcitedandfrighteningtobeupthere.(2015課標(biāo)I)22.Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem(20165課標(biāo)II)23.Ontheleft-handsideoftheclass,Icouldeasyseethefootballfield.(2015浙江)24.Ithoughtthebiscuitswerereallywell.(2015陜西)25.It’sbeenthreeStaturdaysanditreallycostsmemany.((2015四川)26.Wearegrowingwonderfullytomatoesatnocost.(2014課標(biāo)I)27.Theteacherstherearekindandhelpfully.((2014全國II)28.Nooneinthecarriagehadpreviousspokentoorevennoticedtheticket-ownerbefore.(2014浙江)29.That’stoomuchforus,consideringhowcloselythehousesare.(2014遼寧)30.Don’tpanicorgetoutofline,andtryingtoremainquietandcalmly.(2014四川)二.語法填空1.I’mso_______(gratitude)toallthosevolunteersbecausetheyhelpedmyterribledayendhappily.2.Itwas_______(consider)ofMichaelinformusofhisdelayincasewegotworried.3.Andyiscontentwiththetoy.Itisthe______(good)hehasevergot.4.Mygoodperformanceinthejobinterviewleftme_________(optimism)aboutmyfutureandaboutwhatIcandohere.5.Whatwasso_________(impress)aboutJasmineWestland’svictorywasthatshecamefirstinthemarathonbare-footed.6.Mostofus,ifweknowevenalittleaboutwhereourfoodcomesfrom,understandthateverybiteputintoourmouthswas______(former)alive.7.Ifweleaverightaway,________(hope)we’llarriveontime.8.Everythingseemedtobegoing_________(smooth)forthefirsttwodaysafterImovedtoBeijing.9.Whataterribleexperience!________,you’resafenowthat’sthemainthing.10.Tonycanhardlyboilanegg,still______(little)cookdinner.11.QueenElizabethIIisoftenthoughttobetherichestwomanintheworld.________,herpersonalwealthseemsrathersmall.12.IthinkwatchingTVeveryeveningisawasteoftimethereare_______(meaningful)thingstodo.13.Thisisbyfar__________(inspiring)moviethatIhaveeverseen.14.It’ssaidthatthepowerplantisnowtwiceas________(large)aswhatitwas.15.Be________(reason)youcan’texpectmetofinishallthisworkinsolittletime.16.Mr.StevensonisgreattoworkforIreallycouldn’taskfora_______(good)boss.17.—HowwasyourrecenttriptoSichuan?I’veneverhada________(pleasant)onebefore.18.Anyone,whetherheisanofficialorabusdriver,shouldbe_______(equal)respected.19.Ihavebeenwritingthisreport________(occcasion)forthelasttwoweeks,butithastobehandedintomprrow.20.Withonlineshoppingincreasinglypopular,theInternetisseenasan_________(efficiency)wayofreachingtargetcustomers.21.Isatdownandstarted______(gentle)talkingtothedog.22.Ronhada_______(success)careerandworkedforFordbeforeretiringandleadingarelaxedlife.23.Astheycouldn’tplayoutdoors,theywere_______(happy),andsomeevengotintofightsfromtimetotime.24.Poorshudentbehaviourseemstobean________(increasing)widespreadproblemandIthinkthatmodernlifestylesareprobablyresponsibleforthis.25.Ihadthe_______(mean)motherintheworld.26.Romwasnotbuiltinaday.Youshouldset_______(real)goalsandworkhardtoachievethem.27.Andifhewantstolive_______(comfort),hehastowork.28.Youhaven’tchangedatallyoustilllook______(exact)thesameasbefore.29.Theproblems,ifnotsolved________(proper),willseriouslyaffectthegrowthofteenagersandeventhenation’sfuture.30.Yourideasareveryinteresting,butweneed________(practice)suggestionstogetusoutoftrouble.31.MyauntadvisedthatIneededtogotohospital,andthetreatmentsheprovidedgavemyparents_______(value)timetotakemetothehospital.32.Excuseme,mayIhaveawordwithMr.Jackson?I’mafraidhe’snot______(avail)now.He’shavingameetingupstairs.33.Wewillgive99%ofourFacebooksharescurrentlyabout﹩45billiontoadvancethis_______(value)mission.34.Peopleare_______(enthusism)shoppersinChinaonNovember11th,contributingtomorethan35billiononlineshoppingsales.35.Theclectronicred-packethasbeenso_________(popularity)thatAliPayandTencentWeChatcompeteagainsteachotheropenlyandsecretlysincethebeginningofthisyear.36.Nooneisbeyondlaw,soitis__________(reason)thatthetalentedyounguniversitystudentwassentencedtodeathformurderinghisroommatewithpoison.37.I’mnotalittletiredtodayaftergivingtheroomthoroughcleaningandIhavcneverhadas________(tire)adayastoday.38._________(similar),whenRonWebseterborrowedabookfromthelibraryoftheUniversityofLiverpool,heforgettoreturnit,too.39.Awisemancamealongandaskedthem,“Oh,mydearfriends,whyareyoucrying?”“Weweretenbutweareonlynine,”theyreplied,andcriedeven________(hard).40.YouhateChongqingHotPot,don’tyou?Not_______(exact),Ijustthinkitdoesn’tagreewithyou.41.Parentsandteachersalwaysthinkstudentsshouldspendmoretimeontheirstudies,butstudentsthemselvesthink__________(different).42.What’syourplanforthefuture?IhopetoattendmydreamcollegeinChinaatfirstand_________(eventual)workforHuaweiTechnologiesCo.Ltd.44.Youraretomeetwithfrustrationinthepursuitofsuccessandthrougheffortandhardworkyourdreamwilldefinitelycometrue.Putit_______(simple),“Nopain,nogain.”45.Deepreadingisaprogressinwhichpeople_________(critical)reflectinadditiontotryingtounderstandthewordsonthepage.46.Thefarmers’livingconditionshaveimproved_________(significance)eversincethepolicyofsupportingagriculturewasintroduced.47.AlthoughImajoredinEnglish,language________(surprising)becameachallengewhenIsetfootintheUSAforthefirsttime.48.Eventhoughtheconferencehallisnearhisapartment,hehastohurryalittleifhewantstobe___________(punctuality).49.IhavealwaysenjoyedalltheeventsyourorganizedandIhopetoattend_______moreinthecomingyears.50.Raymond